Storage and conversion are critical components of important energy-related technologies. "Advanced Batteries: Materials Science Aspects" employs materials science concepts and tools to describe the critical features that control the behavior of advanced electrochemical storage systems. This volume focuses on the basic phenomena that determine the properties of the components, i.e. electrodes and electrolytes, of advanced systems, as well as experimental methods used to study their critical parameters. This unique materials science approach utilizes concepts and methodologies different from those typical in electrochemical texts, offering a fresh, fundamental and tutorial perspective of advanced battery systems. Graduate students, scientists and engineers interested in electrochemical energy storage and conversion will find "Advanced Batteries: Materials Science Aspects" a valuable reference.

This book delivers a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of several types of materials that are widely used in the current era of supercapacitors; namely, architectured carbon materials, transition metal oxides and conducting polymers. It provides readers with a complete introduction to the fundamentals of supercapacitors, including the development of new electrolytes and electrodes, while highlighting the advantages, challenges, applications and future of these materials. This book is part of the Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials. Supercapacitors have emerged as promising devices for electrochemical energy storage, playing an important role in energy harvesting for meeting the current demands of increasing global energy consumption. The handbook covers the materials science and engineering of nanocomposite supercapacitors, ranging from their general characteristics and performance to materials selection, design and construction. Covering both fundamentals and recent developments, this handbook serves a readership encompassing students, professionals and researchers throughout academia and industry, particularly in the fields of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, and energy storage and conversion. It is ideal as a reference work and primary resource for any introductory senior-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course covering supercapacitors.

The book is engineering oriented and covers a large variety of topics ranging from fundamental principles to performance evaluation and applications. It is written systematically and completely on the subject with a summary of state-of-the-art fuel cell technology, filling the need for a timely resource.

This is a unique book serving academic researchers, engineers, as well as people working in the fuel cell industry. It is also of substantial interest to students, engineers, and scientists in mechanical engineering, chemistry and chemical engineering, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, power generation and propulsion systems, and automobile engineering.

Ten years ago, D.M. Rowe introduced the bestselling CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics to wide acclaim. Since then, increasing environmental concerns, desire for long-life electrical power sources, and continued progress in miniaturization of electronics has led to a substantial increase in research activity involving thermoelectrics. Reflecting the latest trends and developments, the Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro to Nano is an extension of the earlier work and covers the entire range of thermoelectrics disciplines. Serving as a convenient reference as well as a thorough introduction to thermoelectrics, this book includes contributions from 99 leading authorities from around the world. Its coverage spans from general principles and theoretical concepts to material preparation and measurements; thermoelectric materials; thermoelements, modules, and devices; and thermoelectric systems and applications. Reflecting the enormous impact of nanotechnology on the field-as the thermoelectric properties of nanostructured materials far surpass the performance of conventional materials-each section progresses systematically from macro-scale to micro/nano-scale topics. In addition, the book contains an appendix listing major manufacturers and suppliers of thermoelectric modules. There is no longer any need to spend hours plodding through the journal literature for information. The Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro to Nano offers a timely, comprehensive treatment of all areas of thermoelectrics in a single, unified reference.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Thoroughly revised, comprehensive coverage of battery technology, characteristics, and applications This fully updated guide offers complete coverage of batteries and battery usage from classic designs to emerging technologies. Compiled by a pioneer in secondary lithium batteries, the book contains all the information needed to solve engineering problems and make proper battery selections. You will get in-depth descriptions of the principles, properties, and performance specifications of every major battery type. Linden's Handbook of Batteries, Fifth Edition, contains cutting-edge data and equations, design specifications, and troubleshooting techniques from international experts. New chapters discuss renewable energy systems, battery failure analysis, lithium-ion battery technology, materials, and component design. Recent advances in smartphones and hybrid car batteries are clearly explained, including maximizing re-chargeability, reducing cost, improving safety, and lessening environmental impact. Coverage includes: *Electricity, electrochemistry, and batteries*Raw materials*Battery components*Principles of electrochemical cell operations*Battery product overview*Electrochemical cell designs (platform technologies)*Primary batteries*Secondary batteries*Miscellaneous and specialty batteries*Battery applications*Battery industry infrastructure

This invaluable book focuses on the mechanisms of formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the electrode surfaces of lithium-ion batteries. The SEI film is due to electrochemical reduction of species present in the electrolyte. It is widely recognized that the presence of the film plays an essential role in the battery performance, and its very nature can determine an extended (or shorter) life for the battery. In spite of the numerous related research efforts, details on the stability of the SEI composition and its influence on the battery capacity are still controversial. This book carefully analyzes and discusses the most recent findings and advances on this topic.

Designing with Solar Power is the result of international collaborative research and development work carried out within the framework of the International Energy Agency's Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) and performed within its Task 7 on 'Photovoltaic power systems in the built environment'. Each chapter of this precisely detailed and informative book has been prepared by an international expert in a specific area related to the development, use and application of building-integrated photovoltaics (BiPV). Chapters not only cover the basics of solar power and electrical concepts, but also investigate the ways in which photovoltaics can be integrated into the design and creation of buildings equipped for the demands of the 21st century. The potential for BiPV, in both buildings and other structures, is explored together with broader issues such as market deployment, and international marketing and government strategies. In addition, more than 20 contemporary international case studies describe in detail how building-integrated photovoltaics have been applied to new and existing buildings, and discuss the architectural and technical quality, and the success of various strategies. Packed with photographs and illustrations, this book is an invaluable companion for architects, builders, designers, engineers, students and all involved with the exciting possibilities of building-integrated photovoltaics.

A realization of recent clean energy initiatives, fluidized bed combustion (FBC) has quickly won industry preference due to its ability to burn materials as diverse as low-grade coals, biomass, and industrial and municipal waste. Fluidized Bed Combustion catalogs the fundamental physical and chemical processes required of bubbling fluidized beds before launching into application-centered coverage of hot-gas generator, incinerator, and boiler concepts and design, calculations for regime parameters and dimensions, and all aspects of FBC operation. It enumerates the environmental consequences of fluidized bed processes and proposes measures to reduce the formation of harmful emissions.

Polycrystalline silicon (commonly called "polysilicon") is the material of choice for photovoltaic (PV) applications. Polysilicon is the purest synthetic material on the market, though its processing through gas purification and decomposition (commonly called "Siemens" process) carries high environmental risk. While many current optoelectronic applications require high purity, PV applications do not and therefore alternate processes and materials are being explored for PV grade silicon. Solar Silicon Processes: Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities reviews current and potential future processing technologies for PV applications of solar silicon. It describes alternative processes and issues of material purity, cost, and environmental impact. It covers limits of silicon use with respect to high-efficiency solar cells and challenges arising from R&D activities. The book also defines purity requirements and purification processes of metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) and examines production of solar grade silicon by novel processes directly from MG-Si and/or by decomposition of silane gas in a fluidized bed reactor (FBR). Furthermore, the book: Analyzes past research and industrial development of low-cost silicon processes in view of understanding future trends in this field. Discusses challenges and probability of success of various solar silicon processes. Covers processes that are more environmentally sensitive. Describes limits of silicon use with respect to high-efficiency solar cells and challenges arising from R&D activities. Defines purity requirements and purification processes of MG-Si. Examines production of solar grade silicon directly from MG-Si.

Metal-air and metal-sulfur batteries (MABs/MSBs) represent one of the most efficient-energy storage technologies, with high round trip efficiency, a long life cycle, fast response at peak demand/supply of electricity, and decreased weight due to the use of atmospheric oxygen as one of the main reactants. This book presents an overview of the main MABs/MSBs from fundamentals to applications. Recent technological trends in their development are reviewed. It also offers a detailed analysis of these batteries at the material, component, and system levels, allowing the reader to evaluate the different approaches of their integration. The book provides a systematic overview of the components, design, and integration, and discusses current technologies, achievements, and challenges, as well as future directions. Each chapter focuses on a particular battery type including zinc-air batteries, lithium-air batteries, aluminum-air batteries, magnesium-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and vanadium-air redox flow batteries, and metal-sulfur batteries. Features the most recent advances made in metal-air/metal-sulfur batteries. Describes cutting-edge materials and technology for metal-air/metal-sulfur batteries. Includes both fundamentals and applications, which can be used to guide and promote materials as well as technology development for metal-air/metal-sulfur batteries. Provides a systematic overview of the components, design, and integration, and discusses current technologies, achievements, and challenges, as well as future directions. Covers a variety of battery types in depth, such as zinc-air batteries, lithium-air batteries, aluminum-air batteries, magnesium-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, vanadium-air redox flow batteries, and metal-sulfur batteries.

Perovskites are a class of recently discovered crystals with a multitude of innovative applications. In particular, a lead role is played by organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) in solar devices. In 2013 Science and Nature selected perovskite solar cells as one of the biggest scientific breakthroughs of that year. This book provides the first comprehensive account of theoretical aspects of perovskite solar cells, starting at an introductory level but covering the latest cutting-edge research. Theoretical Modeling of Organohalide Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications aims to provide a theoretical standpoint on OIHPs and on their photovoltaic applications, with particular focus on the issues that are still limiting their usage in solar cells. This book explores the role that organic cations and defects play in the material properties of OIHPs and their effects on the final device, in addition to discussing the electric properties of OIHPs; the environmentally friendly alternatives to the use of lead in their structural and electronic properties; theoretical screening for OIHP-related material for solar-to-energy conversion; and the nature and the behavior of quasiparticles in OIHPs.

Electrolytes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors provides a state-of-the-art overview of the research and development of novel electrolytes and electrolyte configurations and systems to increase the energy density of electrochemical supercapacitors. Comprised of chapters written by leading international scientists active in supercapacitor research and manufacturing, this authoritative text: Describes a variety of electrochemical supercapacitor electrolytes and their properties, compositions, and systems Compares different electrolytes in terms of their effects on electrochemical supercapacitor performance Examines the interplay between the electrolytes, active electrode materials, and inactive components of the supercapacitors Discusses the design and optimization of electrolyte systems for improving electrochemical supercapacitor performance Explores the challenges electrochemical supercapacitors currently face, offering unique insight into next-generation supercapacitor applications Thus, Electrolytes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors is a valuable resource for the research and development activities of academic researchers, graduate/undergraduate students, industry professionals, and manufacturers of electrode/electrolyte systems and electrochemical energy devices such as batteries, as well as for end users of the technology.

Batteries are becoming increasingly important in today's world of portable electronic devices, along with the need to store electricity derived from solar and other renewable forms of energy, and the desire to introduce electric and hybrid electric vehicles to reduce emissions. Understanding Batteries is a must for all those seeking a straightforward explanation of how batteries are constructed, their operation, and the factors determining their performance and life. Beginning with a brief history of the development of batteries and a discussion of their applications and markets, the book goes on to outline the basic terminology and science of batteries. The different types of primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable) batteries are then described and emphasis is given to the importance of matching the battery to the intended application. Examples are given to demonstrate how to define and prioritise the various criteria which comprise the battery specification. Throughout, the chemistry is kept as simple as possible. Understanding Batteries will appeal to a wide range of readers, including electrical equipment manufacturers and users, engineers and technicians, chemistry and materials science students, teachers and the interested battery user.

The book covers energy storage systems, bioenergy and hydrogen economy, grid integration of renewable energy systems, distributed generation, economic analysis, and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems. The overall approaches are interdisciplinary and comprehensive, covering economic, environmental, and grid integration issues as well as the physical and engineering aspects. Core issues discussed include mechanical, electrical, and thermal energy storage systems, batteries, fuel cells, biomass and biofuels, hydrogen economy, distributed generation, a brief presentation of microgrids, and in-depth discussions of economic analysis and methods of renewable energy systems, environmental impacts, life-cycle analysis, and energy conservation issues. With several solved examples, holistic material presentation, in-depth subject matter discussions and self-content material presentation, this textbook will appeal strongly to students and professional and nonprofessional readers who wish to understand this fascinating subject. Readers are encouraged to solve the problems and questions, which are useful ways to understand and apply the concepts and the topics included.

This volume illustrates the technological advances made in recent years in the development of battery and other energy storage systems. Discussions of present and near future battery technologies are included as well as emerging energy technologies that have the potential to impact on the portable electronics industry in the long term. This text provides a complete overview of the technology status and trends, with a focus on scientific developments, particularly in materials, that have led to technological breakthroughs.

This textbook provides an excellent overview of the two most common uses of coal: combustion and gasification. The authors, experts in the fields of combustion, coal structure, and coal combustion modeling, present detailed yet easy to understand information on the properties of coal, combustion mechanisms of pulverized coal and small coal particles, combustion in fluidized beds and the gasification process. Unlike other books on the subject, industrial applications and environmental aspects are covered in detail.

This book provides a descriptive classification of the various concepts, giving characteristic performance data and design fundamentals. Systems based on sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and thermo-chemical processes are presented, including the state of maturity and innovative solutions. Essential for the effective integration of thermal storage systems is the optimal adaption to the specific requirements of an application. This is shown in the second part, where storage solutions for conventional and solar thermal power plants are described. Further examples show the integration into batch processes, mobile applications or options to support the utilization of waste heat. Systems using thermal energy storage for facility scale storage of electricity are also described. Storage systems for medium and high temperatures are an emerging option to improve the energy efficiency of power plants and industrial facilities. Reflecting the wide area of applications in the temperature range from 100 DegreesC to 1200 DegreesC, a large number of storage concepts has been developed.

A complete reference that features a wealth of proven maintenance methods that can reduce energy use in any type of building. Provided are numerous forms and maintenance procedures for reducing energy use, improving system performance, and cutting total maintenance costs.

This book gathers selected research papers presented at the International Conference on Power, Control and Communication Infrastructure 2019 (ICPCCI 2019), organized by the Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research and Management (IITRAM), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, on July 4-5, 2019. It highlights the latest advances, trends and challenges in electrical power generation-integration-transmission-distribution-conversion-storage-control, electrical machines, power quality, energy management, electrical infrastructure of future grids-buildings-cities-transportation, energy conversion, plasma technology, renewable energy & grid integration, energy storage systems, power electronic converters, power system protection & security, FACTS and HVDC, power quality, power system operation & control, computer applications in power systems, energy management, energy policies & regulation, power & energy education, restructured power system, future grids, buildings, cities & resiliency, microgrids, electrical machines & drives, transportation electrification, optimal operation, electricity-gas-water coordination, condition monitoring & predictive maintenance of electric equipment, and asset management. The solutions discussed here will encourage and inspire researchers, industry professionals and policymakers to put these methods into practice.

With no emissions and water as a byproduct, the globe could imagine a sustainable and resilient human kind that obliterates any possible chances of future climate change. With increased globalization, there has been an unprecedented escalation in production processes thus generating valued products and byproducts. A significant quantum of the waste materials generated can be transformed into fuels with the help of MFCs. MFC's utilities would bring about a paradigm shift built on the principles of sustainability, encompassing closed loop biorefinery approach. A MFC's bio-refinery ensures complete allocation of products and byproducts in various processes yielding zero waste. Such efforts would not only help in managing waste but also contribute to generation of renewable fuel and valued products that fosters sustainable development. To cater to the needs of the present challenges in waste management, bioenergy and bio product recovery and commercial sustainability, this book on MFCs will emphasize and throw light on various mechanisms, routes and reaction engineering approaches for complete transformation of waste to wealth.

The price or reliability of petroleum supplies, and pressures to reduce environmental pollution have increased the interest in renewable energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels. Wind, solar, hydro and biomass are particularly suited for use with small-scale, decentralised energy systems. Those responsible for energy supply (government energy planners, development project managers or small business entrepreneurs) often face problems in deciding which energy source, and its conversion technology, is most appropriate for their specific situation, and where they can obtain the necessary equipment. This invaluable guide to small-scale energy equipment will provide some of the answers to such problems. The catalogue builds on both the 1979 edition of The Power Guide, and the equipment directory produced by the Technology and Development Group of the University of Twente in the Netherlands as training course material. The data has been comprehensively revised and updated on the basis of research carried out by members of the Technology and Development Group, members of Intermediate Technology in the UK, and Densitech bv of the Netherlands. The Power Guide will facilitate decision-making by providing guidelines for the selection of the most appropriate renewable energy source as well as providing information on hundreds of products from almost 500 manufacturers and suppliers in more than 40 countries throughout the world, covering the following areas: micro-hydro, hydraulic ram and river current turbine products; windpumps and wind generators; biomass pre-treatment, combustion and steam systems, and gasifiers; solar photovoltaic and thermal equipment. The information is broken down into chapters each with an introduction with guidelines on equipment selection and the possibilities and constraints of using that energy form. This is followed by manufacturers' data which contain key information on the equipment. Section guidelines are also included on internal combustion engines, and biogas and ethanol equipment. South manufacturers represent more than half of the entries. Essential reading for development workers.

"A complete all-in-one reference on the important interdisciplinary topic of Battery Systems Engineering"

Focusing on the interdisciplinary area of battery systems engineering, this book provides the background, models, solution techniques, and systems theory that are necessary for the development of advanced battery management systems. It covers the topic from the perspective of basic electrochemistry as well as systems engineering topics and provides a basis for battery modeling for system engineering of electric and hybrid electric vehicle platforms.

This original approach gives a useful overview for systems engineers in chemical, mechanical, electrical, or aerospace engineering who are interested in learning more about batteries and how to use them effectively. Chemists, material scientists, and mathematical modelers can also benefit from this book by learning how their expertise affects battery management.Approaches a topic which has experienced phenomenal growth in recent yearsTopics covered include: Electrochemistry; Governing Equations; Discretization Methods; System Response and Battery Management SystemsInclude tables, illustrations, photographs, graphs, worked examples, homework problems, and references, to thoroughly illustrate key materialIdeal for engineers working in the mechanical, electrical, and chemical fields as well as graduate students in these areas

A valuable resource for Scientists and Engineers working in the battery or electric vehicle industries, Graduate students in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, chemical engineering.

Looking at education in and beyond school, Solomon considers the different meanings of energy and its effect on language and personality, the ancient and topical, cognitive growth and personal values, practical technology and abstract theory, the world of citizens and the world of schools. She highlights, through a range of practical examples, the difficultes in teaching about the concepts of "energy" and the problems facing school pupils who have to tackle the concept of energy in the everyday world and relate this to school text-book physics.

Looking at education in and beyond school, Solomon considers the different meanings of energy and its effect on language and personality, the ancient and topical, cognitive growth and personal values, practical technology and abstract theory, the world of citizens and the world of schools. She highlights, through a range of practical examples, the difficultes in teaching about the concepts of energy and the problems facing school pupils who have to tackle the concept of energy in the everyday world and relate this to school text-book physics.

This concise sourcebook of the electrochemical, engineering and economic principles involved in the development and commercialization of fuel cells offers a thorough review of applications and techno-economic assessment of fuel cell technologies, plus in-depth discussion of conventional and novel approaches for generating energy. Parts I and II explain basic and applied electrochemistry relevant to an understanding of fuel cells. Part III covers engineering and technology aspects. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students and scientists interested in fuel cells. Unlike any other current book on fuel cells, each chapter includes problems based on the discussions in the text.