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Books > History > European history
The Swedish scholar and prelate Olaus Magnus issued his Historia de
gentibus septentrionalibus from Rome in 1555. It is an ethnographic
essay on an encyclopedic scale, touching on a vast variety of
topics -snowflakes and sea-serpents, sables and saltpetre,
watermills and werewolves. Much of it was culled from ancient
authorities, much from Magnus's own travels (his account of the
Lapps has attracted particular attention). It is still a prime
sourcefor information on the material culture, social history and
folklore of pre-Reformation Sweden and Scandinavia as a whole. This
is the first English translation of the whole work.
The harrowing, moving and poignant account of one of the youngest
survivors of Auschwitz: a girl who was only five years old when she
was sent to an extermination camp, and was one of the few people
who entered a gas chamber and lived to tell her story. 'I am a
survivor. That comes with a survivor's obligation to represent one
and half million Jewish children murdered by the Nazis. They cannot
speak. So I must speak on their behalf.' With a special foreword by
Sir Ben Kingsley. 'Every so often a book arrives that demands to be
read' John Humphrys 'An unforgettable and deeply moving story'
Jeremy Bowen AN INCREDIBLE STORY OF COURAGE, RESILIENCE AND
SURVIVAL Tova Friedman was one of the youngest people to emerge
from Auschwitz. After surviving the liquidation of the Jewish
ghetto in Central Poland where she lived as a toddler, Tova was
five when she and her parents were sent to a Nazi labour camp, and
almost six when she and her mother were forced into a packed cattle
truck and sent to Auschwitz II, also known as the Birkenau
extermination camp, while her father was transported to Dachau.
During six months of incarceration in Birkenau, Tova witnessed
atrocities that she could never forget, and experienced numerous
escapes from death. She is one of a handful of Jews to have entered
a gas chamber and lived to tell the tale. As Nazi killing squads
roamed Birkenau before abandoning the camp in January 1945, Tova
and her mother hid among corpses. After being liberated by the
Russians they made their way back to their hometown in Poland.
Eventually Tova's father tracked them down and the family was
reunited. In The Daughter of Auschwitz, Tova immortalizes what she
saw, to keep the story of the Holocaust alive, at a time when it is
in danger of fading from memory. She has used those memories that
have shaped her life to honour the victims. Written with
award-winning former war reporter Malcolm Brabant, this is an
extremely important book. Brabant's thorough research has helped
Tova recall her experiences in searing detail. Together they have
painstakingly recreated Tova's extraordinary story about one of the
worst ever crimes against humanity. 'I read this book with
gratitude and urgency' Fergal Keane '[A] vividly written and
compelling story' Lindsey Hilsum 'A truly remarkable book'
Christine Lampard, Lorraine
Sailors in Forest Green is a detailed examination of the uniforms
and equipment used by Navy personnel attached to the U.S. Marine
Corps during World War II. Navy hospital corpsmen, Seabees, combat
photographers, demolitions experts, and many other Navy specialists
served with USMC units from 1941-1945. This subject is often
overlooked today. Sailors in Forest Green is the first book of its
kind to address this previously unexplored and fascinating topic.
It is lavishly illustrated with over 800 previously unpublished
archival and contemporary photographs, documents, and dramatic
reconstructions. Both U.S. Navy and Marine Corps uniforms are
highlighted, including officer and enlisted dress uniforms and
insignia, combat and fatigue uniforms, camouflage, field gear and
experimental equipment. Additionally, gas masks, medical supplies,
and explosives are featured as well. Anyone with an interest in
World War II militaria will marvel at this new and exciting
breakthrough!
Drawing from a wide range of historical sources, from hagiography
to numismatics, this book will appeal to students and academics
researching Late Antique, Medieval, and Early Modern History,
Theology / This is a study that invites meditation on the highly
symbolic and powerful role of money through coins which were the
price, value, and measure of Christ / This book will also appeal to
those interested in the use of relics throughtout Medieval Europe.
This book explores the political construction of imperial frontiers
during the reigns of Ferdinand the Catholic and Charles V in the
Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean. Contrary to many studies
on this topic, this book neither focuses on a specific frontier nor
attempts to provide an overview of all the imperial frontiers.
Instead, it focuses on a specific individual: Juan Rena
(1480-1539). This Venetian clergyman spent 40 years serving the
king in several capacities while travelling from the Maghreb to
northern Spain, from the Pyrenees to the western fringes of the
Ottoman Empire. By focusing on his activities, the book offers an
account of the Spanish Empire's frontiers as a vibrant political
space where a multiplicity of figures interacted to shape power
relations from below. Furthermore, it describes how merchants,
military officers, nobles, local elites and royal agents forged a
specific political culture in the empire's liminal spaces. Through
their negotiations and cooperation, but also through their
competition and clashes, they created practices and norms in areas
like cross-cultural diplomacy, the making of the social fabric, the
definition of new jurisdictions, and the mobilization of resources
for war.
Human Landscapes in Classical Antiquity shows how today's environmental and ecological concerns can help illuminate our study of the ancient world. The contributors consider how the Greeks and Romans perceived their natural world, and how their perceptions affected society. The effects of human settlement and cultivation on the landscape are considered, as well as the representation of landscape in Attic drama. Various aspects of farming, such as the use of terraces and the significance of olive growing are examined. The uncultivated landscape was also important: hunting was a key social ritual for Greek and hellenistic elites, and 'wild' places were not wastelands but played an essential economic role. The Romans' attempts to control their environment are analyzed. This volume shows how Greeks and Romans worked hand in hand with their natural environment and not against it. It represents an outstanding collaboration between the disciplines of history and archaeology. eBook available with sample pages: 0203426908
This book is an important work in Holocaust literature and was
originally published in Poland in 1967. Covering the years
1939-1945, it is the author's account of her experience growing up
in the Warsaw ghetto and her eventual deportation to, imprisonment
in, and survival of the Majdanek, Auschwitz, Ravensbruck, and
Neustadt-Glewe camps. Since the old, the weak, and children were
summarily executed by the Nazis in these camps, Mrs Birenbaum's
survival and coming of age is all the more remarkable. Her story is
told with simplicity and clarity and the new edition contains
revisions made by the author to the original English translation,
and is expanded with a new epilogue and postscripts that bring the
story up to date and complete the circle of Mrs Birenbaum's
experiences.
In "A Traveller's History of Greece", the reader is provided with
an authoritative general history of Greece from its earliest
beginnings down to the present day. It covers in a clear and
comprehensive manner the classical past, the conflict with Persia,
the conquest by the Romans, the Byzantine era and the occupation by
the Turks; and, the struggle for independence and the turbulence of
recent years, right up to current events. This history will help
the visitor make sense of modern Greece against the background of
its diverse heritage. Illustrated with maps and line drawings, "A
Traveller's History of Greece" is an invaluable companion for your
vacation.
What role have parliaments played in the dramatic changes occurring
in Eastern and Central Europe? Adopting a common research
framework, the contributors analyze in detail the role and
operations of parliaments in ten of the new democracies. They focus
on what determines their capacity to have some impact on public
policy. They identify the significance of parliaments operating in
often hybrid systems of government, with the relationship between
the executive and legislature not well defined, and with an absence
of constraining influence that typify western political systems.
Soviet Jewish Aliyah 1989-92 provides new insights into a period of
fundamental change in Israel and the Middle East. It explains how
the Israeli government failed to effectively handle the integration
of new emigres from the Soviet Union, and how it alienated
traditional Likud supporters among Oriental Jews in Israel. Clive
Jones's argument is that, by placing its ideological commitment to
the retention of the West Bank above other priorities, the Likud
leadership made itself beholden to the United States for financial
assistance which was then denied. The resulting fundamental change
in the composition and orientation of the Israeli political
leadership has had a major influence on the course of the
Arab-Israeli peace process.
As the first book to examine the origins and spread of agriculture
and pastoralism in Europe and Asia as a whole, this major
contribution should be essential reading for archaeologists,
anthropologists, biologists and geographers. Adopting a novel
approach to the subject, the authors examine it first in terms of
seven different disciplinary perspectives: social, ecological,
genetic, linguistic, biomolecular, epidemiological and
geogrpahical. Then, 20 case studies are presented, which are based
primarily on archaeological and biological evidence and which
relate to three major regions: Southwest Asia, Europe and Central
Asia to the Pacific. The book concludes with an overview of Eurasia
as a whole.; The transition from hunting and gathering to
agriculture had revolutionary consequences for human society. It
led to the emergence of urban civilizations and ultimately to
humanity's almost complete dependence on relatively few
domesticated animals and plants. The subject has been much studied,
but the results have tended to be interpreted largely in terms of
local cultural sequences, with insufficient comparison made with
evidence from other areas. In contrast, this book provides a
continental- scale framework, with its scope extended to
pastoralism because in Eurasia both the raising of livestock and
the cultivation of crops were integral components of the
agricultural "revolution" from its inception some 10,000 years
ago.; Comprehensive and authoritative, "The Origins and Spread of
Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia" should appeal strongly to
the wide readership of students and specialists concerned with the
prehistoric antecedents of modern civilization.
This is the first comprehensive history of conscription and the
military in Italy from the Restoration to the eve of WWI. The
comparative and transnational approach enables this work to compare
and contrast the Italian experience with that of many other
countries in the world as well as understand transfers and the
adaptive and imitative processes that emerge when conscription and
the military are viewed from an Italian perspective. Peacetime and
wartime recruitment, military life, culture, justice and
civil-military relationships are analysed using a wide range of
sources and an interdisciplinary approach that combines top-down
and bottom-up perspectives. This enables the book not only to
assess the contribution the military has made to the country in
terms of state-building, nation building, modernization,
pedagogical and disciplinary models, gender identity and roles, but
also to reconsider the standard taxonomies as well as some
established evolutionary models of the armies. Moreover, the
Italian military is seen as an internally complex world that is
incapable of defining its own one-dimensional identity or of
imposing any such identity on its members. Consequently, it is an
element in the history of a country that is substantially the same
as any other such element and thus important in people’s
collective and individual lives whether or not they are in uniform.
Rather than being an object of study in and of itself, the military
becomes a vantage point from which to observe the Italian history
in the long 19th century. Therefore, this book can be profitably
read by professional military historians and non-specialist readers
interested in the military, as well as by all scholars working on
Italian pre- and post-unification political, institutional,
socio-economic, cultural and gender history.
The Politics of Memory in the Italian Populist Radical Right
examines the role of colonial memory in the contemporary Italian
populist radical right, which includes the Lega and Fratelli
d'Italia (FdI). The book originally adopts postcolonialism as an
analytical framework to critically examine which roles colonial
memory plays in the Italian populist radical right. Considering the
timeframe between 2013 and 2021, this book suggests that the
contemporary Italian populist radical right selectively shaped its
memory of the colonial past, expunging the most difficult aspects
from it. The fact that the Italian populist radical right parties
examined do not fully acknowledge the controversial aspects of
Italy's colonial past, which are bracketed off discourse, may
contribute to the deployment of colonial discourse by these same
parties when discussing immigration. From this Italian case study,
broader implications can be drawn regarding the role of colonial
memory in political discourse, which is a topical matter across
Europe. The book will be of interest to those studying populism,
the radical right, Italian politics and history, colonialism, and
the politics of memory.
Providing an intellectual biography of Pope Pius II, this book
offers an understanding of the formation of the concept of
‘European’ ensuring students studying the formation of modern
Europe, intellectual history and the history of early modern
political thought, and cultural studies have a better understanding
of how this concept was formed and disseminated. This volume will
be in demand for students of a wide range of topics because it will
demonstrate to them how important it is to understand how and when
this concept of ‘Europe’ and being ‘European was formed to
better understand the later revolutions, slave trade, Empire
building and wars. This book is authored by Nancy Bisaha who has
expertise on Renaissance humanism and identity and has authored
another book Pope Pius II. It contains close readings of his
letters, orations, histories, autobiography, and other works.
Focusing on the so-called 'Phoney War' at the start of World War
II, this well-researched account concentrates on incidents when
Britain stood alone during those tense and dark early days of
hostilities. The book contains graphic accounts of enemy action
including two major attacks on elements of the Home Fleet, the
downing of the first German aircraft on British soil, the sinking
of the liner Athenia and the pursuit of the raider Graf Spee. The
controversial attack on the aircraft carrier Ark Royal is vividly
described when Goering's flyers harassed fishing boats along the
coastal waters. The fates of captured Luftwaffe crews are also
presented with the aid of authentic eye-witness descriptions. There
are also accounts of the time spent by enemy crews in
prisoner-of-war camps in Britain and Canada tracking the conduct of
would-be escapees. Descriptions of the north Atlantic convoys are
vividly related and in particular the dramatic and harrowing
account of two Merchant Navy seamen who rowed their way to freedom
after their ship had been ruthlessly attacked by a notorious Nazi
captain. With painstaking research the author has provided
fascinating stories complemented with previously unpublished
photographs and documents - an unmissable read for the modern
historian.
In a world historically dominated by male rulers, the women who
have sat on thrones of their own shine out brightly. Some queens
and empresses were born to greatness, while others fought their way
to power. Queens ranges from the ancient world to the present day,
telling the stories of these women who ruled, from murderous former
courtesan Wu Zetian in 7th century China to Elizabeth I, the
'Virgin Queen' of England. In 6th century Constantinople, Empress
Theodora, who had been a street performer before catching the eye
of Emperor Justinian, extended rights for women, passing laws that
allowed them to divorce and own property and made rape a crime
punishable by death. In 12th century Europe, Eleanor of Aquitaine
first married the king of France and then the king of England. At
the Mughal court in Lahore in the early 17th century, Nur Jahan,
wife of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, was the political powerhouse
behind the throne. In more recent history, the book explores the
reigns of Catherine the Great, revealing how a minor German
aristocrat came to rule and expand the Russian Empire, Queen
Victoria, whose family dominated the world in the early 20th
centuty, and her more recent descendent, Elizabeth II, the
longest-ruling queen in history. Female rulers are often described
as ambitious rather than bold, as devious rather than
diplomatically astute and as intriguers and meddlers, all
characterizations that are destructive to the reality of women's
lives in the world's monarchies. Even genealogies still often leave
out the women of royal families, overlooking their genuine
contributions. To some extent, we will never know these great women
of history as well as we know their menfolk; the sources simply
leave too many gaps. However, we can and will do better in giving
the women rulers of history the recognition they deserve Carefully
researched, superbly entertaining and illustrated throughout with
more than 180 photographs and artworks, Queens highlights the true
personalities and real lives of the women who became monarchs and
empresses.
World War One was the landmark event of the first quarter of the
20th century. In "The Great War, 1914-1918, " Roy Douglas tells the
history of the period through an international collection of over
100 cartoons, many of them previously unknown. This pioneering
pan-European approach offers new perspectives of key themes, events
and figures, forcing a new reinterpretation of the familiar. Both
"establishment" and "subversive" cartoons demonstrate the real
concerns of all participants from the governments of the combative
powers, to the soldier to those at home.
This unique collection will inform in a fresh way the continued
historical debates surrounding the Great War and the implications
which reach to the present day.
Communism in Eastern Europe is a groundbreaking new survey of the
history of Eastern Europe since 1945. It examines how Communist
governments came to Eastern Europe, how they changed their
societies and the legacies that persisted after their fall. Written
from the perspective of the 21st century, this book shows how
Eastern Europe's trajectory since 1989 fits into the longer history
of its Communist past. Rather than focusing on high politics,
Communism in Eastern Europe concentrates on the politics of daily
life, melding political history with social, cultural and gender
history. It tells the history of this complicated era through the
voices and experiences of ordinary people. By focusing on the
complex interactions of everyday life, Communism in Eastern Europe
illuminates the world Communism made in Eastern Europe, its
politics and culture, values and dreams, successes and failures.
This book is an engaging introduction to the history of Communist
Eastern Europe for any reader. It is ideal for adoption in a wide
array of undergraduate and graduate courses in 20th-century
European history.
The historical consciousness of medieval Jewry has engendered
lively debate in the scholarly world. The focus in this book is on
the historical consciousness of the Jews of Spain and southern
France in the late Middle Ages, and specifically on their
perceptions of Christianity and Christian history and culture. In
his detailed analysis of Jews' understanding of the history of the
communities they lived among, Ram Ben-Shalom shows that in these
southern European lands Jews experienced a relatively open society
that was sensitive to and knowledgeable about voices from other
cultures, and that this had significant consequences for shaping
Jewish historical consciousness. Among the topics that receive
special attention are what Jews knew of the significance of Rome,
of Jesus and the early days of Christianity, of Church history, and
of the history of the Iberian monarchies. Ben-Shalom demonstrates
that, despite the negative stereotypes of Jewry prevalent in
Christian literature and increasing familiarity with that
literature, they were more influenced by their interactions with
Christian society at the local level. Consequently there was no
single stereotype that dominated Jewish thought, and frequently
little awareness of the two societies as representing distinct
cultures. This book contributes to medieval Jewish intellectual
history on many levels, demonstrating that, in Spain and southern
France, Jews of the later Middle Ages evinced a genuine interest in
history, including the history of non-Jews, and that in some cases
they were deeply familiar with Christian and sometimes also
classical historiography. In providing a comprehensive survey of
the multiple contexts in which historiographical material was
embedded and the many uses to which it was put, it enriches our
understanding of medieval historiography, polemic, Jewish-Christian
relations, and the breadth of interests characterizing Provencal
and Spanish Jewish communities.
'A real treasure that we can't stop exploring' - La Republica
Felicia Browne decided it was time to put down her paintbrushes and
pick up a rifle. Jimmy Yates left Chicago with three books in his
bindle, sacrificing them all on the gruelling trek across the
Pyrenees. Salaria Kea worked at the front as a nurse, judged by her
skill rather than her skin colour... In 1936 something
extraordinary happened. As the threat of fascism swept across the
Iberian peninsula, thousands of people from all over the world left
their families and jobs to heed the call - No Pasaran! History has
never seen a wave of solidarity like it. The Spanish Civil War
ended in 1939 with the Republic crushed, but the revolutionary
dream of the International Brigades has never burnt out. Through
these 60 illustrated profiles, Brigadistes embroiders an epic story
of political struggle with the everyday bravery, sorrow and love of
those who lived it.
The extraordinary true story of the Stasi's poetry club: Stasiland
and The Lives of Others crossed with Dead Poets Society.
'Engrossing.' Observer 'Remarkable.' The Times 'Magnificent.'
Phillipe Sands 'Gripping.' Literary Review 'A history so outlandish
and unlikely that you feel it must be true . . . [A] grippingly
well-written book.' Anthony Quinn, Observer Book of the Week In
1982, East Germany's fearsome secret police - convinced that
writers were embedding subversive messages in their work - decided
to train their own writers, weaponising poetry in the struggle
against the class enemy. Once a month, a group of soldiers and
border guards gathered in a heavily guarded military compound in
East Berlin for meetings to learn how to write lyrical verse.
Journalist Philip Oltermann spent five years rifling through Stasi
files, digging out lost volumes of poetry and tracking down
surviving members of this Red poet's society, to illustrate the
little known story in which spies turned poets and poets spies.
Bringing together scholars from Russia, the United States and
Europe, this collection of essays is the first to explore the
slippery phenomenon of post-Soviet nostalgia by studying it as a
discursive practice serving a wide variety of ideological agendas.
The authors demonstrate how feelings of loss and displacement in
post-Soviet Russia are turned into effective tools of state
building and national mobilization, as well as into weapons for
local resistance and the assertion of individual autonomy. Drawing
on novels, memoirs, documentaries, photographs and Soviet
commodities, Post-Soviet Nostalgia is an invaluable resource for
historians, literary scholars and anthropologists interested in how
Russia comes to terms with its Soviet past.
This is the first book on Italian colonialism that specifically
deals with the question of citizenship/subjecthood. Such a topic is
crucial for understanding both Italian imperial rule and the
complex dynamics of the different colonial societies where several
actors, like notables, political leaders, minorities, etc., were
involved. The chapters gathered in the book constitute an
unprecedented account of a heterogeneous geographical area. The
cases of Eritrea, Libya, Dodecanese, Ethiopia, and Albania confirm
that citizenship and subjecthood in the colonial context were
ductile political tools, which were structured according to the
orientations of the Metropole and the challenges that came from the
colonial societies, often swinging between submission, cooptation
to the colonial power, and resistance. On one hand, the book offers
an account of the different policies of citizenship implemented in
the Italian colonies, in particular the construction of gradated
forms of citizenship, the repression and expulsion of dissidents,
the systems of endearment of local people and cooptation of the
elites, and the racialization of legal status. On the other, it
deals with the various answers coming from the local populations in
terms of resistance, negotiation, and construction of social
identity.
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