Originally published in 1926, this informative and detailed textbook is primarily aimed at university students studying applied mathematics for a science or engineering degree and contains a large number of useful examples to work though. Basic knowledge of elementary dynamics is assumed throughout, as is a working knowledge of differential and integral calculus. Answers can be found at the back of the book, as well as a summary of the methods of solution of the equations contained. Examples are mostly collected from a variety of past university and college examination papers, and notably rigid dynamics has been confined to two-dimensional motion and omissions have been made to all reference of moving axes. Covering the topic in its entirety, this book gives a panoramic overview of the subject and will be of considerable value to anyone with a keen interest in mathematics and engineering, as well as the history of education.

Theory of Dislocations provides unparalleled coverage of the fundamentals of dislocation theory, with applications to specific metal and ionic crystals. Rather than citing final results, step-by-step developments are provided to offer an in-depth understanding of the topic. The text provides the solid theoretical foundation for researchers to develop modeling and computational approaches to discrete dislocation plasticity, yet it covers important experimental observations related to the effects of crystal structure, temperature, nucleation mechanisms, and specific systems. This new edition incorporates significant advances in theory, experimental observations of dislocations, and new findings from first principles and atomistic treatments of dislocations. Also included are new discussions on thin films, deformation in nanostructured systems, and connection to crystal plasticity and strain gradient continuum formulations. Several new computer programs and worked problems allow the reader to understand, visualize, and implement dislocation theory concepts.

The aim of this book is to bring together classical and recent developments in the particular field of Newtonian flow at low Reynolds numbers. The methods are developed from first principles, alternative formulations are compared, a variety of configurations are addressed, the proper mathematical framework is discussed in the context of functional analysis and integral-equation-theory, and procedures of numerical solution in the context of the boundary element method are introduced. The text contains a fair amount of original material pertaining, in particular, to the properties and explicit form of the Green's functions, and the theory of the integral equations that arise from boundary integral representations.

Die Neuauflage halt am bewahrten und anerkannten Konzept der Vorauflage fest: ein Grundlagenwerk zum Einsatz in der universitaren Lehre, aber vor allem ein Nachschlagewerk fur den Beruf zum tieferen Verstandnis der verfahrenstechnischen Zusammenhange. Gegenuber der Vorauflage wurde das Werk allerdings erheblich erweitert sowie durch aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse und ein Kapitel zur konzeptuellen Prozessentwicklung erganzt.

Die Grundverfahren werden auf der Basis der Thermodynamik, der Warme- und Stoffubertragung und der Fluiddynamik ubergreifend dargestellt. Damit erhalt der Praktiker erste Informationen uber die Auswahl, die Auslegung und den Betrieb von Apparaten. Nach einer komprimierten Darstellung wichtiger Grundlagen werden u.a. das Destillieren, die Rektifikation, die Absorption, die Kristallisation und die Adsorption behandelt. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie sich grundlagenorientierte Berechnungsansatze fur fluiddynamische und kinetische Vorgange in bekannten und neuen Apparaten finden lassen."

This book is devoted to the study of the dynamics of rotating bodies with cavities containing liquid. Two basic classes of motions are analyzed: rotation and libration. Cases of complete and partial filling of cavities with ideal liquid and complete filling with viscous liquid are treated. The volume presents a method for obtaining relations between angular velocities perpendicular to main rotation and external force momentums, which are treated as control. The developed models and methods of solving dynamical problems as well as numerical methods for solving problems of optimal control can be used for studying the dynamics of aircraft in the atmosphere and spacecraft with stores of liquid fuel, which are rotating around some axis for stabilization. The results are also applicable in the development of fast revolving rotors, centrifuges and gyroscopes, which have cavities filled with liquid. This work will be of interest to researchers at universities and laboratories specializing in problems of control for hybrid systems, as well as to under-/postgraduates with this specialization. It will also benefit researchers and practitioners in aerospace and mechanical engineering.

This textbook treats Hydro- and Fluid Dynamics, the engineering science dealing with forces and energies generated by fluids in motion, playing a vital role in everyday life. Practical examples include the flow motion in the kitchen sink, the exhaust fan above the stove, and the air conditioning system in our home. When driving a car, the air flow around the vehicle body induces some drag which increases with the square of the car speed and contributes to excess fuel consumption. Engineering applications encompass fluid transport in pipes and canals, energy generation, environmental processes and transportation (cars, ships, aircrafts). This book deals with the topic of applied hydrodynamics. The lecture material is grouped into two complementary sections: ideal fluid flow and real fluid flow. The former deals with two- and possibly three-dimensional fluid motions that are not subject to boundary friction effects, while the latter considers the flow regions affected by boundary friction and turbulent shear. The lecture material is designed as an intermediate course in fluid dynamics for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in Civil, Environmental, Hydraulic and Mechanical Engineering. It is supported by notes, applications, remarks and discussions in each chapter. Moreover a series of appendices is added, while some major homework assignments are developed at the end of the book, before the bibliographic references.

In dem Forschungsgebiet "Insektenflug" treffen Fragestellungen der Biologie und der StrAmungsmechanik vielseitig zusammen. Der Bogen reicht von der Konstruktionsmorphologie A1/4ber die Flugbiophysik bis zur Energetik und zum Flugverhalten. Der Autor ist einer der international angesehensten Grundlagenforscher in diesem Forschungsgebiet. Das Buch stellt nicht nur einen Bericht A1/4ber die vielseitigen ForschungsansAtze von ihm und seiner Arbeitsgruppe dar; es bringt auch die allgemeinen Grundlagen und fA1/4hrt mit einer FA1/4lle von Beispielen an die Grenzen des derzeitigen Kenntnisstandes.

Fluid Physics in Geology provides an introductory treatment of the physical and dynamical behavior of fluids, considering first how fluids behave in a general way, then looking more specifically at how they are involved in certain geological processes. The book is aimed at those interested in understanding fluid behavior and motion in the context of a wide variety of geological problems. Helpful example problems following each chapter illustrate applications of the material to realistic problems involving groundwater flows, magma dynamics, open-channel flows, and thermal convection.

The theory of water waves is most varied and is a fascinating topic. It includes a wide range of natural phenomena in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It is mostly concerned with elucidation of some general aspects of wave motion including the prediction of behaviour of waves in the presence of obstacles of some special configurations that are of interest to ocean engineers. Unfortunately, even the apparently simple problems appear to be difficult to tackle mathematically unless some simplified assumptions are made. Fortunately, one can assume water to be an incompressible, in viscid and homogeneous fluid. The linearised theory of water waves is based on the assumption that the amplitude of the motion is small compared to the wave length. If rotational motion is assumed, then the linearised theory of water waves is essentially concerned with solving the Laplace equation in the water region together with linearised boundary condition. There are varied classes of problems that have been/are being studied mathematically in the literature within the framework of linearised theory of water waves for last many years. Scattering by obstacles of various geometrical configurations is one such class of water wave problems. This book is devoted to advanced mathematical work related to water wave scattering. Emphasis is laid on the mathematical and computational techniques required to study these problems mathematically. The book contains nine chapters. The first chapter is introductory in nature. It includes the basic equations of linearised theory for a single layer fluid, a two-layer fluid, solution of dispersion equations, and a general idea on scattering problems and the energy identity in water with a free surface. Chapter 2 is concerned with wave scattering involving thin rigid plates of various geometrical configurations, namely, plane vertical barriers or curved barriers, inclined barriers, horizontal barrier, and also thin elastic vertical plate. For the horizontal case, the barrier is submerged below an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate floating on water. Chapter 3 discusses wave scattering by a rectangular trench by using Galerkin technique. Chapter 4 involves wave scattering by a dock by using Carleman singular integral equation followed by reduction to Riemann-Hilbert problems. Chapter 5 involves several wave scattering problems involving discontinuities at the upper surface of water by using the Wiener-Hopf technique, by reduction to Carleman singular integral equations. Chapter 6 considers scattering by a long horizontal circular cylinder either half immersed or completely submerged. In chapter 7, some important energy identities are derived for scattering problems in a single-layer and also in a two-layer fluid. Chapter 8 is concerned with wave scattering in a two-layer fluid by a thin vertical plate and by a long horizontal circular cylinder submerged in either of the two layers. Chapter 9 is the final chapter which considers a number of wave scattering problems in a single-layer or a two-layer fluid with variable bottom topography by using a simplified perturbation analysis It is hoped that this book will be useful to researchers on water waves. The several wave scattering problems presented in the book are mostly based on the research work carried out by the authors and their associates.

Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropriate field control strategies. Offering valuable insight from academic research and the flow assurance industry, this balanced text: Discusses the background of wax deposition, including the cause of the phenomenon, the magnitude of the problem, and its impact on petroleum production Introduces laboratory techniques and theoretical models to measure and predict key parameters of wax precipitation, such as the wax appearance temperature and the wax precipitation curve Explains how to conduct and interpret laboratory experiments to benchmark different wax deposition models, to better understand wax deposition behaviors, and to predict wax deposit growth for the field Presents various models for wax deposition, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each and evaluating the differences between the assumptions used Provides numerous examples of how field management strategies for wax deposition can be established based on laboratory testing and modeling work Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field aids flow assurance engineers in identifying the severity and controlling the problem of wax deposition. The book also shows students and researchers how fundamental principles of thermodynamics, heat, and mass transfer can be applied to solve a problem common to the petroleum industry.

Large-Eddy Simulations of Turbulence is an ideal introduction for people new to LES [large-eddy simulation], direct numerical simulation and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation, and as a reference for researchers. Of particular interest in the text are the detailed discussion, in Chapter 2, of vorticity, pressure, and the velocity gradient tensor, quantities useful for probing the results of a simulation, particularly when looking for coherent vortices and coherent structures. Chapters 4 and 5 feature an in-depth discussion of spectral subgrid-scale modeling. Although physical-space models are generally more readily applied, spectral models give insight into the requirements and limitations in subgrid-scale modeling and backscattering. A third special feature is the detailed discussion in Chapter 7, of large-eddy simulation of compressible flows previously only available in articles scattered throughout the literature. This will be of interest to those dealing with supersonic flows, combustion, astrophysics, and other related topics.

Der BeschluB des Generalrats der Internationalen Union fill Theo- retische und Angewandte Mechanik (IUTAM), ein Symposium tiber Grenzschichtforschung vorzubereiten, war von dem Wunsch getragen, Wissenschaftlern aus aller Welt, die in eigenen Arbeiten zu den neueren Fortschritten auf diesem wichtigen Gebiet der Stromungsmechanik wesentlich beigetragen haben, zu grtindlichen Diskussionen Gelegenheit zu geben. Die grundsatzlichen Probleme der Grenzschichtforschung soUten bei der Aussprache im V ordergrund stehen, die technischen An- wendungen muBten im Hintergrund bleiben. Da eine echte Diskussion nur in einem relativ kleinen Kreis moglich ist, hat das Wissenschaftliche Komitee den Kreis der Teilnehmer be- schrankt, dabei aber nach Moglichkeit Vertreter aus allen an den Fort- schritten der Grenzschichtforschung beteiligten Nationen zusammenge- fUhrt. Die Teilnehmer wurden in Beratungen des Wissenschaftlichen Komitees ausgewahlt und entweder zur Erstattung eines allgemeinen oder eines speziellen Berichtes eingeladen bzw. zur Teilnahme an den Diskussionsveranstaltungen aufgefordert. Das Ergebnis dieser Tagung legen wir hiermit vor. 1m Druck sind aIle jene Fragen und Bemerkungen aus den Diskussionen weggelassen wor- den, die sich durch das V orliegen des voUen V ortragstextes in diesem Buch von selbst erledigen, bzw. die durch nachtragliche Bearbeitung des Manuskriptes von den Autoren beriicksichtigt worden sind. Wir empfinden es mit Dank als eine Ehrung, daB die erste Veranstal- tung der IUTAM in Deutschland die Grenzschichtforschung behandelt und damit das Gedenken an LUDWIG PRANDTL wachhalt, den Begriinder der Grenzschichtforschung und den Forderer der modernen Stromungs- forschung.

Notable advances of the last quarter-century have deepened our appreciation of the three-dimensional nature of the ocean's large-scale circulation. This circulation has important implications for ocean chemistry and biology, atmospheric science, and climate. Ocean Circulation in Three Dimensions surveys both observations and theories of the time-mean circulation, enabling readers to see the relevance and limitations of leading theories, as well as the patterns linking the behavior of different oceans. The book covers "classical" topics of horizontal circulation, and expands them to include shallow wind-driven overturning, the deep global "conveyer belt", high latitudes, the role of eddies, and the ocean's role in heat transport. Solutions to exercises are available online for instructor use. This textbook is ideal for students of physical oceanography, chemical oceanography and climate. It is also suitable for readers from related fields as it includes a summary of introductory topics.

Fluid dynamics is the engineering science dealing with forces and energies generated by fluids in motion. Fluid dynamics and hydrodynamics play a vital role in everyday life. Practical examples include the flow motion in the kitchen sink, the exhaust fan above the stove, and the air conditioning system in our home. When driving a car, the air flow around the vehicle body induces some drag which increases with the square of the car speed and contributes to excess fuel consumption. Engineering applications encompass fluid transport in pipes and canals, energy generation, environmental processes and transportation (cars, ships, aircrafts). Other applications include coastal structures, wind flow around buildings, fluid circulations in lakes, oceans and atmosphere, and even fluid motion in the human body.

This textbook deals with the topic of applied hydrodynamics. The lecture material is grouped into two complementary sections: ideal fluid flow and real fluid flow. The former deals with two- and possibly three-dimensional fluid motions that are not subject to boundary friction effects, while the latter considers the flow regions affected by boundary friction and turbulent shear. The lecture material is designed as an intermediate course in fluid dynamics for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in Civil, Environmental, Hydraulic and Mechanical Engineering. It is supported by notes, applications, remarks and discussions in each chapter. Moreover a series of appendices is added, while some major homework assignments are developed at the end of the book, before the bibliographic references.

Wertvolles Referenzwerk: Umfassend behandelt es die relevanten Aspekte der Technischen Verbrennung von den reaktionstechnischen Grundlagen bis hin zur Schadstoffbildung. Verstandlich stellt es sowohl ein- wie mehrdimensionale Modelle turbulenter Stromungen dar, wie sie in CFD-Programmen zur Anwendung kommen. Fur Ingenieure sowie Wissenschaftler in der Forschung. Studenten finden einen reichen Fundus fur Theorie und praktische Umsetzung. "

A groundbreaking textbook on twenty-first-century fluids and elastic solids and their applications Kip Thorne and Roger Blandford's monumental Modern Classical Physics is now available in five stand-alone volumes that make ideal textbooks for individual graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on statistical physics; optics; elasticity and fluid dynamics; plasma physics; and relativity and cosmology. Each volume teaches the fundamental concepts, emphasizes modern, real-world applications, and gives students a physical and intuitive understanding of the subject. Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics provides an essential introduction to these subjects. Fluids and elastic solids are everywhere-from Earth's crust and skyscrapers to ocean currents and airplanes. They are central to modern physics, astrophysics, the Earth sciences, biophysics, medicine, chemistry, engineering, and technology, and this centrality has intensified in recent years-so much so that a basic understanding of the behavior of elastic solids and fluids should be part of the repertoire of every physicist and engineer and almost every other natural scientist. While both elasticity and fluid dynamics involve continuum physics and use similar mathematical tools and modes of reasoning, each subject can be readily understood without the other, and the book allows them to be taught independently, with the first two chapters introducing and covering elasticity and the last six doing the same for fluid dynamics. The book also can serve as supplementary reading for many other courses, including in astrophysics, geophysics, and aerodynamics. Includes many exercise problems Features color figures, suggestions for further reading, extensive cross-references, and a detailed index Optional "Track 2" sections make this an ideal book for a one-quarter or one-semester course in elasticity, fluid dynamics, or continuum physics An online illustration package is available to professors The five volumes, which are available individually as paperbacks and ebooks, are Statistical Physics; Optics; Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics; Plasma Physics; and Relativity and Cosmology.

Turbulence is widely recognized as one of the outstanding problems of the physical sciences, but it still remains only partially understood despite having attracted the sustained efforts of many leading scientists for well over a century. In A Voyage Through Turbulence we are transported through a crucial period of the history of the subject via biographies of twelve of its great personalities, starting with Osborne Reynolds and his pioneering work of the 1880s. This book will provide absorbing reading for every scientist, mathematician and engineer interested in the history and culture of turbulence, as background to the intense challenges that this universal phenomenon still presents.

The manipulation of fluids in channels with dimensions in the range from tens to hundreds of micrometers microfluidics has recently emerged as a new field of science and technology. Microfluidics has applications spanning analytical chemistry, organic and inorganic synthesis, cell biology, optics and information technology. One particularly promising application is the microfluidic synthesis of polymer particles with precisely controlled dimensions, and a variety of shapes, morphologies and compositions. Written as a comprehensive introduction for scientists and engineers working in microfabrication and microfluidics, Microfluidic Reactors for Polymer Particles covers topics such as: * Applications and methods of generation of polymer particles * Physics of microfluidic emulsification * Formation of droplets in microfluidic systems * High-throughput microfluidic systems for formation of droplets * Microfluidic production of polymer particles and hydrogel particles * Polymer capsules * Synthesis of polymer particles with non-conventional shapes This book is intended for a broad audience, including students, researchers and engineers in industry, with interests in physics, chemistry, materials science, engineering or biotechnology.

Dieses Werk uber die Dynamik und Thermodynamik industrieller Gase ist wegen seiner Vollstandigkeit und Genauigkeit eine einzigartige Informationsquelle fur Ingenieure in der Gasindustrie, der Triebwerks- und Turbinentechnik, dem Rohrleitungs -und Behalterbau, der chemischen Industrie und verwandter Felder."

The stratified ocean mixes episodically in small patches where energy is dissipated and density smoothed over scales of centimeters. The net effect of these countless events effects the shape of the ocean's thermocline, how heat is transported from the sea surface to the interior, and how dense bottom water is lifted into the global overturning circulation. This book explores the primary factors affecting mixing, beginning with the thermodynamics of seawater, how they vary in the ocean and how they depend on the physical properties of seawater. Turbulence and double diffusion are then discussed, which determines how mixing evolves and the different impacts it has on velocity, temperature, and salinity. It reviews insights from both laboratory studies and numerical modelling, emphasising the assumptions and limitations of these methods. This is an excellent reference for researchers and graduate students working to advance our understanding of mixing, including oceanographers, atmospheric scientists and limnologists.

This book lays a unique and straightforward mathematical foundation on the aspects of liquid layers, capillary interfaces, floating drops and particles. For the first time, these topics are studied in a joint framework. Readers will acquire deeper comprehension and gain results. Practical interest are presented, making it beneficial to engineers and physicists as well as mathematicians.The text takes an insight-oriented approach that gives it immediacy and flexibility. It contains 70 problems where some are exercises, while others are open problems. It is also illustrated with 95 figures and photographs for further understanding.