The contributions of leading Kantian and Kierkegaardian scholars to this collection break down to the simplistic contrast in which Kant is seen as the advocate of a rational moral theology and Kierkegaard as the advocate of an irrationalist faith. This collection is an ideal text for discussion of central issues.

This study explores the relationship between the nature and context of non-traditional occupations and the empowerment status of women in society. Specifically, it examines the extent to which women in non-traditional occupations have been empowered by their skills, knowledge, and position within the Togolese Government's existing training policies for the increased participation of women in non-traditional sectors of the labor force.
In Togo, like many other African countries, several evaluation exercises have been conducted regarding the number of women who have successfully completed their training in non-traditional occupations. However, none has focused on how those women cope with everyday cultural and social challenges or addressed the issues of movement for the development of women.
Nineteen (19) women who had received a qualification in a non-traditional occupation, were interviewed on their perceptions of empowerment, and on what gains, difficulties and challenges the faced in their lives. Theanalysis of their related experiences compared with other Togolese informants as well as the national and international literature on empowerment suggests that although there are some gains, the reality of empowerment is still an unfulfilled dream for those women.
The conditions affecting these women's empowerment in the Togolese society include expectations as related to the roles and duties of a woman and the country's socio-economic situation. Strategies to create sustainable employment are recommended to increase the potential of non-traditional occupations to foster empowerment.

This book assumes no prior knowledge of the language and begins with the teaching of the Persian alphabet. Grammar and vocabulary are each covered in full. The course has not adopted any method of transliteration and expects the student to read and write in Persian script from the start. It places equal emphasis on reading, writing and speaking. It aims to provide the student with the necessary skills for social interaction, as well as a basis for the study of modern literature.
The course consists of 48 units and favors teaching by communicative and contextual learning. Most units begin with a reading exercise used to introduce an item of grammar and new vocabulary, followed by explanations and drill exercises aimed at consolidating the student's understanding.
Each unit also contains a strong oral communication element which helps the student assimilate the theory through interaction with the teacher and other students, at first concentrating on transactional language, then moving increasingly towards more idiomatic Persian.
Complete with a Persian-English and English-Persian vocabulary list key to all the exercises and tape recordings, this is an up-to-date textbook which can be used both by teachers or individuals wishing to learn Persian independently.

First published in 1969. Contains some of Joseph Needham's most significant essays, lectures and broadcasts on the history of Chinese science, technology and culture. Also included are some more personal thoughts stimulated by his own travels and experiences in China, including a number of poems. The book discusses the valuable social and intellectual influences which have flowed to Europe from South as well as East Asia, and suggests that the events of the twentieth century were a natural development of Chinese history, not a deviation from it.

Extensive research is available on language acquisition and the acquisition of mathematical skills in early childhood. But more recently, research has turned to the question of the influence of specific language aspects on acquisition of mathematical skills. This anthology combines current findings and theories from various disciplines such as (neuro-)psychology, linguistics, didactics and anthropology.

Japan's savings are among the highest in the world, and these high rates have played a valuable role throughout the post-war period. However, over the next several decades, Japan's population will be ageing rapidly. Will this lower Japanese savings rates? Using up-to-date financial and demographical data, author Robert Dekle finds that the answer to this question is an emphatic 'yes'. Understanding Japanese Saving holds key lessons for Western nations undergoing similar demographic transformations as well as developing countries looking to establish public savings institutions.

Do you have to be one to know one? Madhvacarya, the founder of the thirteenth century school of Vedanta, answered this question with a resounding 'yes!' Madhvacarya's insistence that one must be a Madhva to study Madhva Vedanta led him to employ various strategies to exclude outsiders and unauthorized readers from accessing the root texts of his tradition and from obtaining oral commentary from living virtuosos. Deepak Sarma explores the degree to which outsiders can understand and interpret the doctrine of the Madhva school of Vedanta. The school is based on insider epistemology which is so restrictive that few can learn its intricate doctrines. This book reveals the complexity of studying traditions based on insider epistemologies and encourages its audience to ponder both the value and the hazards of granting any outsider the authority and opportunity to derive important insights into a tradition as an insider. The first analysis of the Madhva tradition, this work contributes to the ongoing controversies regarding epistemic authority and voice in religious studies.

This is a study of social protest and repression in one of the twentieth century's most important revolutionary hotspots. It explains why Barcelona became the undisputed capital of the European anarchist movement and explores the sources of anarchist power in the city. It also places Barcelona at the center of Spain's economic, social, cultural and political life during 1898-1937.
During this period, a range of social groups, movements and institutions competed with one another the impose their own political and urban project on the city: the central authorities struggled to retain control of Spain's most unruly; nationalist groups hoped to create the capital of Catalonia; local industrialists attempted to erect a modern industrial city; the urban middle classes planned to democratize the city; and meanwhile, the anarchists sought to liberate the city's workers from oppression and exploration. This resulted in an myriad of frequently violent conflicts for control of the city, both before and during the civil war.
This is a work of seminal importance in the field of contemporary Spanish history, and fills a significant gap in current literature.

Drawing on the full range of materials published during the Twentieth Century, this three volume set incorporates previously published material concerning the formation of 'racial' identities in Japan, and social exclusion as experienced by the Ainu, Burakumin, Okinawans, and Chinese and Korean residents. It also includes material related to migration, both pre- and post-war, with special reference to the formation of Nikkeijin (Latin American national of Japanese descent) communities. In addition to those populations conventionally defined as minorities, 'racial' discourse also affects Japanese attitudes toward and perceptions of other groups (e.g. Asians, Blacks, Jews). To ensure both the fullest possible coverage of the related literature and to provide a framework for comparative analysis, this set also incorporates analyses of Japanese attitudes toward these groups.
Intended as a resource for both students and specialist researchers, this collection provides a unique introduction of the English language literature related to 'race', migration, and identity in Japan. In addition to textual material related to specific issues or groups, the set provides comprehensive bibliographies and a listing of relevant Internet sources.
There is also a new introduction and thorough index, making this set an invaluable reference tool.

As over half the assets of many major companies are now intangible assets, there is an increasing need to assess more accurately the value of intellectual property (IP) from a wider interdisciplinary perspective. Re-evaluating risk and understanding the true value of intellectual property is a major problem, particularly important for business practitioners, including business analysts and investors, venture capitalists, accountants, insurance experts, intellectual property lawyers and also for those who hold intellectual property assets, such as media, publishing and pharmaceutical companies, and universities and other research bodies. Written by the foremost authorities in the field from Britain, Japan and the US, this book considers the latest developments and puts forward much new thinking. The book includes thorough coverage of developments in Japan, which is reviewing the value of IP at a much quicker pace than any other country and is registering ever-increasing numbers of patents in the course of inventing its way out of economic inertia.

Speaking truth to power demands diplomatic skills. This book looks at the way advice, which is needed by all executives, is provided to the summit of government in twelve advanced industrialized countries (Australia, Belgium, Britain, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, Sweden, and the US). It examines the increasing pressures for centralization as core executives confront the differentiation and pluralization of government and the interplay of constitutional, political, and institutional factors.

The transition of Russia to a 'developed market economy' has been slower, more contradictory and less predictable than expected. This book examines contemporary Russian socio-economic development, and explores the degree to which Russian experiences can be incorporated into current social science theories. In particular, it questions how far the concept of 'globalization' is applicable to the situation in Russia.

This book provides an overview of the current state of Malaysia, looking at political and economic developments and at governance, and discussing the impact of ethnicity, patronage and the reform movement. Apart from discussing issues such as Islamisation and identity transformations within Malaysian society, it reviews policies like privatisation and provides an examination of business enterprise, exploring how control of 'corporate Malaysia' is interlinked with political developments. This study's primary focus is an analysis of why the reform movement failed to secure substantial support in the late 1990s even though many Malaysians then appeared ready to hold the government accountable for its poor record of a democratic and transparent form of governance. This volume also assesses the likelihood of change as a result of the retirement of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad

A new edition of Ruth Finnegan's controversial reposte to Walter Ong's famous theories of 'orality'

In this volume, well-known experts analyze some of the most important problems of the rapid growth of international trade, foreign direct investment, and the problems related to the economic environment within which such trade and investment take place.

This book examines Irish, Basque, and Carlist nationalism in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The first chapter covers definitions of the nation and nationalism, the relationship of both to politics and ideology, and an overview of the inception and evolution of nationalism in Western Europe. The following chapter explores case studies through providing historical background of the relevant regions of the UK and Spain and discussing the respective movements and their ideological development. The final chapter deals with comparisons of the case-studies and categorizes variants of nationalism in the liberal states of Europe.

This book analyses the transplantation, development and adaptation of the two largest Tibetan and Zen Buddhist organizations currently active on the British religious landscape: the New Kadampa Tradition (NKT) and the Order of Buddhist Contemplatives (OBC). The key contributions of recent scholarship are evaluated and organised thematically to provide a framework for analysis, and the history and current landscape of contemporary Tibetan and Zen Buddhist practice in Britain are also mapped out. A number of patterns and processes identified elsewhere are exemplified, although certain assumptions made about the nature of 'British Buddhism' are subjected to critical scrutiny and challenged.

This book provides new data and perspectives on the development of 'world religion' in post-colonial societies through an analysis of the development of 'Hinduism' in various parts of Indonesia from the early twentieth century to the present. This development has been largely driven by the religious and cultural policy of the Indonesian central government, although the process began during the colonial period as an indigenous response to the introduction of modernity.

Contents:
Eiman O. Zein-Elabdin and S. Charusheela Introduction: Economics and Postcolonial Thought Part 1. The Space of Postcoloniality 1. Eiman O. Zein-Elabdin Articulating the Postcolonial (with Economics in Mind) 2. S. Charusheela Postcolonial Thought, Postmodernism and Economics: Questions of Ontology and Ethics 2.1 Anne Mayhew On the Possibility of a Postcolonial Economic Analysis: A Comment on Zein-Elabdin and Charusheela 2.2 Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze Disciplining Postcolonialiam and Postcolonizing the Disciplines Part 2. Economics as a Colonial Discourse of Modernity 3. Robet W. Dimand Classical Political Economy and Orientalism: Nassau Senior's Eastern Tours 4. Ulla Grapard Trading Bodies, Trade in Bodies: The 1878 Paris World Exhibition as Economic Discourse 5. Antonio Callari Economics and the Postcolonial Other 5.1 John B. Davis Economics as a Colonial Discourse of Modernity 5.2 Michael J. Shapiro Political Economy and Postcolonial Modernities Part 3. Economics as a Contemporary Hegemonic Discourse 6. Joseph Medley and Lorrayne Carroll The Hungry Ghost: IMF Policy, Global Capitalist Transformation and Laboring Bodies in Southeast Asia 7. Jennifer C. Olmsted Orientalism and Economic Methods: (Re)reading Feminist Economic Discussions of Islam 8. Nitasha Kaul Writing Economic Theory Another Way 8.1 Drucilla K. Barker Creating Spaces: A Comment on Contemporary Discourses in Economics 8.2 R.Radhakrishnan Ethicizing Economics Or, For That Matter, Any Discourse Part 4. Toward a Non-Modernist Economic Analysis 9. Karen B. Graubart Hybrid Thinking: Bringing Postcolonial Theory to Colonial Latin American Economic History 10. Serap A. Kayatekin Hegemony, Ambivalence and Class Subjectivity: Southern Planters in Sharecropping Relations in the Post-Bellum United States 11. Colin Danby Contested States, Transnational Subjects: Toward a Post Keynsianism without Modernity 11.1 Cecilia A. Conrad Econometrics and Postcolonial Theory: A Comment on the Fluidity of Race 11.2 Stephen Gudeman Hybridity, Hegemony and Heterodoxy: A New World Index.

Women's soccer is one of the world's fastest-growing sports but has been subjected to little academic scrutiny. This collection considers women's football in a global context and analyses its progress, and the challenges and problems it has faced. It shows how women's football has made a significant contribution to the emancipation of women's football in many countries. It also traces the evolution of women's football in face of resistance, rejection and prejudice and describes women footballer's struggle for equal rights in a male dominated football world.
Published to coincide with the Women's World Cup in the USA, which begins in September 2003 in Atlanta, this is the first in-depth global study of women's football in 15 countries across the world.

Contents:
Introduction 1. Definitions; setting the terms of the debate, poet and speaker, reader and auditor, character and subject, changes in the canon 2. Origins; the influence of genre theory, reacting to the romantics, contemporary theories of poetry, self in the broader context, an alternative theory 3. Men and women; women's voices, the critique of gender ideology, men's voices, the gendered dynamics of self and other, cross gendered monologues, the monologue in dialogue 4. Victorian developments, the question of style, the historical consciousness, questions of epistemology, social critique 5. Modernism and its aftermath; the decline of a genre? an alternative view, sixties revival 6. Contemporary monologues; the monologue and society, revisionist monologues, monologues and the media glossary bibliography

This collection studies the behavior of immigrants in increasingly globalized European cities. Studying European neighborhoods from the point of view of immigrants challenged by economic restructuring, the book simultaneously explores two topics: the integration and exclusion of immigrants and the evolution of European cities confronted by globalization.

This comprehensive overview of Mary Shelley's life as an author frequently reads like an anthology of extracts from some of the most lurid and sensationalist novels of the early 19th century. After the stormy years of her relationship with Percy Shelley ended in his tragic death, Mary went on to raise her one surviving son, never sure of the loyalty of friends and threatened and intimidated by her dead husband's father. Shelley is known best as the author of Frankenstein, and an important function of this book is to reassess her achievement as the author of seven novels, innumerable short stories, biography, travel writing, and as the first editor of Percy Shelley's poetry and prose.