This study identifies the mechanisms through which women can reach positions of power in public life. The study highlights the processes which may contribute new impulse to the vitality of the industrialized countries, introducing models characterized by flexibility and creativity both in enterprises and politics.

The British consumer Co-operative movement pioneered the use of film for industrial and propaganda purposes. A powerful association of working-class consumers, the movement embraced the potential of cinema and used it to help articulate an ideology expounding the ideals of mutuality, equality, and democracy, and seeking to transform a capitalist society founded on individualism and selfish-help into the Co-operative Commonwealth. This book provides an extensive, detailed catalogue of more than 300 films relating to the movement. Technical details, credits, a synopsis, and historical and critical evaluations are given for each title. Numerous films, previously unknown or believed to be lost, have been traced.

The catalogue is prefaced by a substantial introductory essay which provides a contextual framework for a consideration of the movement and its use of film. The book is supplemented by a selection of articles, publications, and reports which appeared in the movement's contemporary press, and which reveal the genuine concern to use cinema to assist in the task of making Co-operators. This catalogue will be invaluable to students of social, labor, and business history and to film and media historians who wish to broaden their knowledge of non-commercial film. It also serves as a guide for contemporary filmmakers and television researchers to this extensive collection of archive film.

The late twentieth century has witnessed the establishment of new forms of capitalism in East Asia as well as new market economies in Eastern Europe. Despite the growth of international investment and capital flows, these distinctive business systems remain different from each other and from those already developed in Europe and the Americas. This continued diversity of capitalism results from, and is reproduced by, significant differences in societal institutions and agencies such as the state, capital and labour markets, and dominant beliefs about trust, loyalty, and authority. This book presents the comparative business systems framework for describing and explaining the major differences in economic organization between market economies in the late twentieth century. This framework identifies the critical variations in coordination and control systems across forms of industrial capitalism, and shows how these are connected to major differences in their institutional contexts. Six major types of business system are identified and linked to different institutional arrangements. Significant differences in post-war East Asian business systems and the ways in which these are changing in the 1990s are analysed within this framework, which is also extended to compare the path-dependent nature of the new capitalisms emerging in Eastern Europe.

A critical, quantitative look at the future supply and demand of surgical specialists that may foretell rationing of surgical services. The Coming Shortage of Surgeons: Why They Are Disappearing and What That Means for Our Health is the only quantitative analysis of the workforce in orthopedic and thoracic surgery, otolaryngology, obstetrics and gynecology, general surgery, neurosurgery, and urology. It analyzes the demand and supply for these surgeons and gives the causes and remedies for these shortages. The Coming Shortage of Surgeons quantifies the demand for the surgical workforce, then examines the constraints to supply, which include soaring tuition and medical students' debts, the demand for a controllable or scheduled lifestyle, malpractice premium expenses, early retirement, and perhaps the most difficult hurdle to overcome: the provision in the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 that caps all medical and surgical residencies at 1996 levels. Presents the theories of three academic experts objectively analyzing a significant public health issue Offers an extensive bibliography culled from medicine, health policy experts, think tanks, governmental institutions, and economists to educate the reader in all aspects of this complicated but important topic

Government interventions in the economies of developing countries frequently do not achieve their intended goals. Policymakers' expectations often fall wide of the mark when compared with actual behavior of consumers, producers and businessmen. In an important study that has wide significance for the field of development economics as a whole, Hadjikhani and Amid study the impact of trade and industrial policies on the economy and business behavior of Iran. Part one of the book deals with the impact of government policy on various aspects of foreign trade, while the second part studies the effects of various industrial relationships of Iranian firms with their foreign partners.

The second volume in the Handbook of American Business History series, this book offers concise histories of extractive, manufacturing, and service industries as well as extensive bibliographic essays pointing to the leading sources on each industry and bibliographic checklists. Supplementing other bibliographic materials in business history, this volume provides researchers with a much needed path through the vast array of material available in the library and on the Internet. Indicating which resources to check and which to bypass, the book is a guide to a sometimes overwhelming amount of information. Each of the book's chapters provides a concise industry history, beginning with the industry's rise to importance in the U.S. and continuing to the present. The bibliographic essays provide a narrative outline of the leading sources published or made available in archives, libraries, or museum collections since 1971, when Lovett's American Economic and Business History Information Sources was published. Each discussion concludes with a bibliographic checklist of the titles mentioned in the essay as well as other titles. In a rapidly expanding information society, researchers, teachers, and students may be easily overwhelmed by the exhaustive material available in print and electronically. What is useful and what can be ignored is a strategic question, and few know where to begin. This book provides a guide.

Drawing on her extensive experience and research in various types of organizations-business, political, even religious organizations-Dr. Whicker looks closely at three distinct types of leaders which she categorizes as trustworthy, transitional, and toxic leaders. In a clear and readable style she describes leadership subtypes for transitional and toxic types: the absentee leaders, the busybodies, controllers, enforcers, streetfighters, and the bullies, all of whom are dangerous to their organizations and are directly responsible in many cases for an organization's decline. Whicker makes clear, however, that there are ways to protect oneself from such leaders, and shows exactly what these strategies are. A compelling, anecdotal, authoritative analysis for anyone in any organization who has ever wondered why did the boss do that - and why to "me"?

As Dr. Whicker sees it, "trustworthy leaders" are good, moral, green light leaders. They can trusted to put the goals of the organization and the well-being of their followers first. Organizations with trustworthy leaders at the helm have a green light to advance in productivity, growth, and progress. Three types of trustworthy leaders are consensus builders, team leaders, and commanders. "Transitional leaders" are self-absorbed, egotistical, yellow light leaders. They are focused on the approval of others and concerned with their personal role as leaders. Organizations headed by transitional leaders have a cautionary yellow light to growth, and lurch along at the mercy of the ebb and flow of external currents and trends. Three types of transitional leaders are absentee leaders, busybodies, and controllers. "Toxic leaders" are maladjusted, malcontent, and often malevolent and malicious. They succeed by tearing others down. They glory in turf protection, fighting, and controlling others rather than uplifting followers. They are red light leaders who destroy productivity and apply brakes to organizational progress. They have a deep-seated but well-disguised sense of personal inadequacy, selfish values, and cleverness at concealing deceit. Three types of toxic leaders are enforcers, streetfighters, and bullies. This book gives the reader strategies for surviving transitional and toxic leaders and for restoring organizational health.