An introduction to the theory and engineering practice that underpins the component design and analysis of radial flow turbocompressors. Drawing upon an extensive theoretical background and years of practical experience, the authors provide descriptions of applications, concepts, component design, analysis tools, performance maps, flow stability, and structural integrity, with illustrative examples. Features wide coverage of all types of radial compressor over many applications unified by the consistent use of dimensional analysis. Discusses the methods needed to analyse the performance, flow, and mechanical integrity that underpin the design of efficient centrifugal compressors with good flow range and stability. Includes explanation of the design of all radial compressor components, including inlet guide vanes, impellers, diffusers, volutes, return channels, de-swirl vanes and side-streams. Suitable as a reference for advanced students of turbomachinery, and a perfect tool for practising mechanical and aerospace engineers already within the field and those just entering it.

An essential resource for optimizing energy systems to enhance design capability, performance and sustainability Optimization of Energy Systems comprehensively describes the thermodynamic modelling, analysis and optimization of numerous types of energy systems in various applications. It provides a new understanding of the system and the process of defining proper objective functions for determination of the most suitable design parameters for achieving enhanced efficiency, cost effectiveness and sustainability. Beginning with a general summary of thermodynamics, optimization techniques and optimization methods for thermal components, the book goes on to describe how to determine the most appropriate design parameters for more complex energy systems using various optimization methods. The results of each chapter provide potential tools for design, analysis, performance improvement, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Key features: * Comprehensive coverage of the modelling, analysis and optimization of many energy systems for a variety of applications. * Examples, practical applications and case studies to put theory into practice. * Study problems at the end of each chapter that foster critical thinking and skill development. * Written in an easy-to-follow style, starting with simple systems and moving to advanced energy systems and their complexities. A unique resource for understanding cutting-edge research in the thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a wide range of energy systems, Optimization of Energy Systems is suitable for graduate and senior undergraduate students, researchers, engineers, practitioners, and scientists in the area of energy systems.

This book focuses on the processes and materials behind energy technologies. The author details the underlying chemistry of renewable sources, such as biofuels and wind power, as well as the traditionally used coal and gas. Chapters on energy storage technologies and the connection between energy generation and climate change round off this uniquely concise overview of the relationship between chemistry and energy.

This book provides a rigorous, concise guide to the current status and future prospects of the global energy system. As we move away from fossil fuels and toward clean energy solutions, the complexity of the global energy system has increased. Tagliapietra cuts through this complexity with a multidisciplinary perspective of the system, which encompasses economics, geopolitics, and basic technology. He goes on to explore the main components of the global energy system - oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, bioenergy, hydropower, geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, marine energy - as well as energy consumption and energy efficiency. It then provides an in-depth analysis of the pivotal issues of climate change and of energy access in Africa.

The nanotech revolution waits for no man, woman...or child. To revitalize science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) performance, the U.S. educational system requires a practical strategy to better educate students about nanoscale science and engineering research. This is particularly important in grades K-12, the effective gestation point for future ideas and information. Optimize your use of free resources from the National Science Foundation The first book of its kind, Nanoscience Education, Workforce Training, and K-12 Resources promotes nano-awareness in both the public and private sectors, presenting an overview of the current obstacles that must be overcome within the complex U.S. educational system before any reform is possible. It's a race against time-and other countries-and the fear is that U.S. students could lag behind for decades, with ineffective teaching and learning methods handicapping their ability to compete globally. Focusing on the application of new knowledge, this concise and highly readable book explores the transdisciplinary nature of nanoscience and its societal impact, also addressing workforce training and risk management. Illustrating the historical perspective of the complexity of K-12 education communities, it defines nanotechnology and evaluates pertinent global and national landscapes, presenting examples of successful change within them. This book is composed of four sections: Foundations-addresses the national educational matrix, exploring the scientific and social implications associated with the delay in adopting nanoscience education in public schools Teaching Nanotechnology-discusses the critical process of teaching K-12 students the skills to understand and evaluate emerging technologies they will encounter Nanoscience Resources and Programs-provides a wide overview of the resources offered by funded outreach programs from universities with nanoscience centers Framework Applied-analyzes the structure of national government programs and skill level recommendations for nanoeducation from the National Nanotechnology Initiatives This book offers plans of action and links to sustainable (largely free) development tools to help K-12 students acquire the skills to understand and evaluate emerging technologies. Promoting a holistic teaching approach that encompasses all aspects of science, the authors strive to help readers implement change so that decisions about resources and learning are no longer made "from the top down" by policymakers, but rather "from the bottom up" by teachers, parents, and students at the local level. Akhlesh Lakhtakia, one of the contributors to this volume, was recently featured on CNN in a discussion on solar energy.

Considering the deleterious impacts of fossil fuels on the environmental and natural ecosystems, it has become imperative to make a paradigm shift toward renewable fuels, chemicals, and materials. The exhaustive everyday usage of fossil fuels and processed petrochemical products are the leading causes for the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, climate changes, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, pollution of air, water, and soil as well as for the accumulation of nonbiodegradable materials in the soil and oceans. On the contrary, biofuels, biochemicals, and biomaterials derived from renewable wastes such as nonedible plant biomass (e.g., agricultural and forestry biomass), energy crops, microalgae, municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, and other biogenic residues seem to be carbon neutral. Therefore, the global interest in biorefining technologies, especially thermochemical and biological conversion processes, is gaining momentum in academic and industrial perspectives. Progressive Thermochemical Biorefining Technologies offers all-inclusive coverage of the most crucial topics as follows: State-of-the-art information on the production and utilization of biofuels through thermochemical biorefining technologies Conversion of waste biomass through pyrolysis, liquefaction, torrefaction, carbonization, gasification, reforming, and other clean technologies Waste-to-energy/chemical generation Fuel upgrading technologies Techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment of biorefining processes Specifically designed to be instantly applicable, this volume serves as a reference book for undergraduate and graduate students, scientific investigators, and research scholars working in the areas relating to energy and fuels.

This book introduces the principle of carrying out a medium-term load forecast (MTLF) at power system level, based on the Big Data concept and Convolutionary Neural Network (CNNs). It also presents further research directions in the field of Deep Learning techniques and Big Data, as well as how these two concepts are used in power engineering. Efficient processing and accuracy of Big Data in the load forecast in power engineering leads to a significant improvement in the consumption pattern of the client and, implicitly, a better consumer awareness. At the same time, new energy services and new lines of business can be developed. The book will be of interest to electrical engineers, power engineers, and energy services professionals.

With this groundbreaking text, discover how wireless artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to determine position at centimeter level, sense motion and vital signs, and identify events and people. Using a highly innovative approach that employs existing wireless equipment and signal processing techniques to turn multipaths into virtual antennas, combined with the physical principle of time reversal and machine learning, it covers fundamental theory, extensive experimental results, and real practical use cases developed for products and applications. Topics explored include indoor positioning and tracking, wireless sensing and analytics, wireless power transfer and energy efficiency, 5G and next-generation communications, and the connection of large numbers of heterogeneous IoT devices of various bandwidths and capabilities. Demo videos accompanying the book online enhance understanding of these topics. Providing a unified framework for wireless AI, this is an excellent text for graduate students, researchers, and professionals working in wireless sensing, positioning, IoT, machine learning, signal processing and wireless communications.

This book presents a collection of the latest studies on and applications for the sustainable development of urban energy systems. Based on the 20th International Scientific Conference on Energy Management of Municipal Facilities and Sustainable Energy Technologies, held in Voronezh and Samara, Russia from 10 to 13 December 2018, it addresses a range of aspects including energy modelling, materials and applications in buildings; heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems; renewable energy technologies (photovoltaic, biomass, and wind energy); electrical energy storage; energy management; and life cycle assessment in urban systems and transportation. The book is intended for a broad readership: from policymakers tasked with evaluating and promoting key enabling technologies, efficiency policies and sustainable energy practices, to researchers and engineers involved in the design and analysis of complex systems.

This edited monograph collects research contributions and addresses the advancement of efficient numerical procedures in the area of model order reduction (MOR) for simulation, optimization and control. The topical scope includes, but is not limited to, new out-of-the-box algorithmic solutions for scientific computing, e.g. reduced basis methods for industrial problems and MOR approaches for electrochemical processes. The target audience comprises research experts and practitioners in the field of simulation, optimization and control, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students alike.

The construction process, right through from planning and design to use and demolition, has a major impact on society. Traditionally, concern has been focused on its environmental impact and the quest for sustainability, but this has now extended into the wider remit of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Essentially, this means that businesses must act (voluntarily) in a socially ethical manner by developing a policy that encompasses the core principles enshrined by CSR.

A unique presentation on a topic of emerging importance, Corporate Social Responsibility in the Construction Industry is essential reading for all built environment undergraduate and post-graduate courses, as well as CEOs and senior managers within construction businesses who may be about to embark on developing a CSR strategy.

Designed for the course in thermodynamics or for use as a reference for practicing engineers, this book includes the theoretical underpinnings and derivations necessary for advanced study. The book focuses on the mechanical and power engineering applications of thermodynamics. Mathematics is utilized as required, serving as a tool to formulate the concepts, solve problems and applications. Furthermore, numerous examples are provided to demonstrate the applications of thermodynamics for engineering problems and to enhance the use of concepts. It also includes statistical thermodynamic examples when relevant and pertinent. These examples are shown either conceptually or numerically. Features: Numerous examples are provided to demonstrate the applications of thermodynamics for engineering problems; Includes a comprehensive and generalist view of thermodynamics, along with historical developments in the field; Presents mathematical tools such as the Legendre transformation, the Euler chain rule, the Jacobian methodology and applications for thermodynamic derivatives.

Fuel Cells: Principles, Design, and Analysis considers the latest advances in fuel cell system development and deployment, and was written with engineering and science students in mind. This book provides readers with the fundamentals of fuel cell operation and design, and incorporates techniques and methods designed to analyze different fuel cell systems. It builds on three main themes: basic principles, analysis, and design.

The section on basic principles contains background information on fuel cells, including fundamental principles such as electrochemistry, thermodynamics, and kinetics of fuel cell reactions as well as mass and heat transfer in fuel cells. The section on design explores important characteristics associated with various fuel cell components, electrodes, electrocatalysts, and electrolytes, while the section on analysis examines phenomena characterization and modeling both at the component and system levels.

• Includes objectives and a summary in each chapter
• Presents examples and problems demonstrating theory/principle applications
• Provides case studies on fuel cell analysis
• Contains mathematical methods including numerical methods and MATLAB(r) Simulink(r) techniques
• Offers references and material for further reading

Fuel Cells: Principles, Design, and Analysis presents the basic principles, examples, and models essential in the design and optimization of fuel cell systems. Based on more than ten years of the authors teaching experience, this text is an ideal resource for junior- to senior-level undergraduate students and for graduate students pursuing advanced fuel cell research and study."

This is one of the first books that comprehensively explains fundamental theories of natural resource and infrastructure public private partnership (NRI-PPP) projects and project finance. NRI-PPP projects and project finance have been adopted in natural resource development, including oilfield development, mine development, and liquefied natural gas production; manufacturing, such as petrochemistry, which uses crude oil; and infrastructure-related projects such as railways, roads, airports, ports, water supply, waste treatment, communications, and electricity. An important concern during negotiations among the various stakeholders is the lack of congruence between theories underlying NRI-PPP projects and project finance and the particular, real-life business considerations of the subject project and lack of understanding of the key theories. Studies that help us understand NRI-PPP projects and project finance have been developed based on economic theories such as contract theory and the economics of law by several distinguished professors. Until now, however, in financial institutions staff in departments that specialize in project finance have developed an understanding of the theories underlying NRI-PPP projects and project finance primarily through on-the-job training during which business points of view were passed on. Principles and theories regarding NRI-PPP projects and project finance have not been taught through textbooks in these firms. In fact, there are only a few books that explain the fundamental theories for actual project structures or actual project finance. This book attempts to fill that gap by making clear the fundamental theories that exist behind the actual projects and project finance in relation to natural resources and infrastructure. Readers of this book will include not only professionals in various private sectors and banks but also those involved in PPP projects in the public sector.

Coupling power generation with syngas-based chemical synthesis according to the so-called 'Polygeneration-Annex' concept offers economic and technical benefits. Clemens Forman assesses the integration of incoming streams by the Annex plant from a power plant point of view across its full load range. Analyses are done by load-dependent flowsheet simulation. The pulverized lignite combustion power plant process is covered by two generic technical states: an existing 650 MW(el) power plant and a near future 1,100 MW(el) power plant with duo block design and dry lignite co-firing. Modeling comprises both the flue gas path and the water-steam circuit. Appropriate stream interfaces are identified and determined depending on the load status. The technical feasibility of integration can be proven.

The book explores advanced building-facade daylighting design practices based on diverse energy and human-factor performance metrics. It also defines effective daylighting by rethinking the simplified approach to glazing and facade systems to incorporate the local climate and the needs of building occupants as critical drivers of building performance, design solutions and technological innovation. It discusses state-of-the-art approaches in the context of simulation-based design workflows, innovative technologies and real project case studies, all targeting low and net-zero energy solutions that enhance occupant comfort. Readers benefit from a comprehensive approach that improves the feedback loop between design intent and performance in use. The book is intended for architects, lighting designers, facade engineers, manufacturers and building owners/operators, as well as advanced students.

Renewable Energy Finance: Theory and Practice integrates the special characteristics of renewable energy with key elements of project finance. Through a mixture of fundamental analysis and real-life examples, readers learn how renewable energy project finance works in actual deals that mix finance, public policy, legal, engineering and environmental issues. The skills developed in analyzing non-recourse cash flow-based finance are applicable not only to green energy, but also apply more widely in project finance and infrastructure investing. The book's comparisons of developed and developing countries make it valuable to readers worldwide.

Energy technology innovation - improving how we produce and use energy - is critical for a transition towards sustainability. This book presents a rich set of twenty case studies of energy technology innovation embedded within a unifying conceptual framework. It provides insights into why some innovation efforts have been more successful than others, and draws important policy conclusions. The case studies cover a wide range of energy technologies, ranging from energy supply to energy end use, from successes to failures and from industrialized, emerging and developing economies. The case studies are presented by an international group of eminent scholars under the auspices of the Global Energy Assessment (GEA), whose main volume was published in 2012 by Cambridge University Press. Energy Technology Innovation presents new data, new concepts and novel analytical and policy perspectives. It will be invaluable for researchers, policy makers, economists, industrial innovators and entrepreneurs in the field of energy technology.

Emil Kraft analyses the French capacity remuneration mechanism design and develops a capacity market model that draws upon an agent-based simulation. The capacity mechanism was implemented to mitigate the imminent risk to the security of supply and to complement the electricity markets. The author applies his model to real data in three scenarios and assesses both the impact of the mechanism on the development of the French generation fleet until 2050 and the evolution of the capacity prices. The key conclusions consist of the effectiveness and the controllability of the implemented mechanism. As a complement to functioning electricity markets it is able to provide sufficient investment incentives and thus to guarantee the French security of supply in the future.

This bold and controversial argument shows why energy transitions are inherently complex and prolonged affairs, and how ignoring this fact raises unrealistic expectations that the United States and other global economies can be weaned quickly from a primary dependency on fossil fuels. Energy transitions are fundamental processes behind the evolution of human societies: they both drive and are driven by technical, economic, and social changes. In a bold and provocative argument, Energy Transitions: History, Requirements, Prospects describes the history of modern society's dependence on fossil fuels and the prospects for the transition to a nonfossil world. Vaclav Smil, who has published more on various aspects of energy than any working scientist, makes it clear that this transition will not be accomplished easily, and that it cannot be accomplished within the timetables established by the Obama administration. The book begins with a survey of the basic properties of modern energy systems. It then offers detailed explanations of universal patterns of energy transitions, the peculiarities of changing energy use in the world's leading economies, and the coming shifts from fossil fuels to renewable conversions. Specific cases of these transitions are analyzed for eight of the world's leading energy consumers. The author closes with perspectives on the nature and pace of the coming energy transition to renewable conversions.

This book examines the background of fourth-generation biofuel production, use of genetically modified microalgae for production of fourth-generation biofuels; cultivation and harvesting of genetically modified microalgae; residue from biofuel extraction; health and environmental concerns of fourth-generation biofuels; regulations on cultivation and processing of the genetically modified algae; carbon dioxide sequestration; water footprint and current status and key challenges. The topic caters to academic researchers and industrial experts, who work in the field of biofuels as source of alternative fuel to achieve environmental and economic sustainability.

This book highlights the basic information about lightning. It is an unpredictable disaster, and it is an extremely complex electrical discharge phenomenon. A complete theory of lightning does not exist till now. This book elaborates on the basic formation of lightning, terminologies related to lightning, and the preliminary lightning theory. There are different types of lightning, such as cloud flashes, ground flashes (both positive and negative), and air discharges. This book explains some unusual events related to lightning and inspects innovation. This book also describes the measurement of electric and magnetic fields generated by lightning, which are the basic parameters for lightning fundamentals.

Presentations on the International Conference on Technology for the Global Economic, Environmental Survival and Prosperity; R.A. Krakowski, J.G. Martin. Global Energy Demand and Energy Security Projections in the Coming Century: Global Economy, Environment, Resources, and Population Issues: The Realities of Sustainable Development in the Twenty-First Century; W. Martin. The Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Other Features of Nuclear Power, Reaching a Public Consensus; R. Wilson. Relevance of International Consensus Policies on Alternative National Energy Strategies as Related to the Regional Needs, Environmental Impact, and Geopolitical Trends: Energy Technology Progress for Sustainable Development; D.E. Arvizu, T.E. Drennen. Education on Energy and Global Issues: The Importance of Education for Nuclear Energy; G. Clark. Global Initiatives for the Future of Nuclear Energy: The Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear Vision Project; E.D. Arthur, R.L. Wagner, Jr. Nuclear Technologies: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of Malignant Brain Tumors at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor; D.D. Joel et al. Key Issues in Nuclear Power: A World Commission on Nuclear Energy: Reasons and Purpose; P. Beck. 12 Additional Articles. Index.