The Victorian period has been described as the 'Great Age of Death'. The customs of death, notably burial and mourning, were taken very seriously and elaborate rituals of commemoration were part of everyone's lives. As demand grew for hygienic and dignified burial places, the humble parish graveyard - unable to cope - was joined by a newcomer to the landscape, the garden cemetery. Sarah Rutherford tells the story of Victorian cemeteries in their many guises, of the variation in their size, design, planting and monuments, and how most of them survive to this day. Some, having been neglected, taking on a gloomy Gothic character, while others remain an oasis of rest and contemplation. All are tangible reminders of the Victorian approach to death, and the author helps to remind us of the importance of their visual and architectural qualities.

'Site Soundscapes: Sonotope Design' is based on the assumption that landscape architects work on projects in which the acoustic aspects can be taken into consideration. In such projects activities are seen to be located within the landscape, and specific sounds belong to these activities. This research raised the orchestration of the soundscape as a new area of concern in the field of landscape architecture; new methods of approaching the problem are suggested. The landscape is viewed as a space for sound sources and listeners where the sounds are transferred and coloured, such that each site constitute a 'sonotope.' Professionals can learn to recognise the auditory phenomena which are characteristic of a certain type of land use. Acoustic sources are obvious elements as a starting point in the planning process. Their effects on the soundscape can subsequently be evaluated according to various planning options. A prototype of a computer tool for use in landscape architecture is developed. This is intended to promote listening as well as stimulate an appreciation of the soundscape approach in the processes of planning and design.

Though Ian Hamilton Finlay's (1925-2006) work "Little Sparta" is, according to Sir Roy Strong, 'the most important garden made in Britain since 1945', his influence - and work - is found worldwide. "Nature Over Again" reveals the story behind the majority of Finlay's renowned garden installations, and is the first study to examine his garden designs and 'interventions' in a consequential way. An accomplished Scottish poet, writer, artist and gardener, Finlay infused his garden designs with a distinct aesthetic philosophy and poetic sensibility.John Dixon Hunt situates his analysis of Finlay's gardens in the context of that broader philosophy and poetic work, drawing on Finlay's books, prints and other written reflections about the art and practice of garden design. From the Max Planck Institute in Stuttgart to the Serpentine Gallery in London to the University of California at San Diego campus, the book documents how Finlay built an oeuvre of international renown, and ultimately argues that Finlay's innovations are best understood in the context of the long tradition of European gardens. Copiously illustrated, "Nature Over Again" brings the work of this distinguished Modernist to vivid life, making it an essential read for horticulturists, landscape designers and historians alike.

This work tracks an investigation in to the forces inherent in landscapes. An increased attentiveness to these can enhance design thinking and help design processes become more dynamic. Examples of landscape forces include dynamic systems such as ecosystems, and the mobile patterns that are deeply embedded in landscapes as a result of seasonality and diurnal change. These forces are patterns of organisation whose specific, locational qualities are investigated through my research by design. The purpose of this research, then, is to identify, unravel, and utilise the often overlooked and unseen forces operating in landscapes. My investigation is intended to allow for the elaboration of rich and intricate patterns of organisation in order to enable the deployment of these by landscape students and professionals. This involves thinking of landscape architecture as an operator and regulator of rhythmic moments occurring in the landscape, rather than as a tool with which to configure bounded terrains containing objects.

An early and influential treatise on the role of landscape architecture in nineteenth-century America.

Preservation has traditionally focused on saving prominent buildings of historical or architectural significance. Preserving cultural landscapes-the combined fabric of the natural and man-made environments-is a relatively new and often misunderstood idea among preservationists, but it is of increasing importance. The essays collected in this volume-case studies that include the Little Tokyo neighborhood in Los Angeles, the Cross Bronx Expressway, and a rural island in Puget Sound-underscore how this approach can be fruitfully applied. Together, they make clear that a cultural landscape perspective can be an essential underpinning for all historic preservation projects. Contributors: Susan Calafate Boyle, National Park Service; Susan Buggey, U of Montreal; Michael Caratzas, Landmarks Preservation Commission (NYC); Courtney P. Fint, West Virginia Historic Preservation Office; Heidi Hohmann, Iowa State U; Hillary Jenks, USC; Randall Mason, U Penn; Robert Z. Melnick, U of Oregon; Nora Mitchell, National Park Service; Julie Riesenweber, U of Kentucky; Nancy Rottle, U of Washington; Bonnie Stepenoff, Southeast Missouri State U. Richard Longstreth is professor of American civilization and director of the graduate program in historic preservation at George Washington University.

Site analysis is the key to a well-designed project. In fact, the careful and complete analysis of a site and its surrounding context can lead to better development proposals, smoother design implementation, and, ultimately, higher quality built environments. This carefully conceived book is the first to detail each crucial step in the site analysis and planning process, from site selection through design development. It shows how these activities are integrated to arrive at a site plan that successfully balances the needs of the client and other stakeholders with the site's suitability for the intended land uses. With more than 130 illustrations, this book includes many outstanding examples of maps and site plans created by leading land planning firms. It offers guidance on: * Site identification, evaluation, and selection * Site inventories of physical, biological, and cultural attributes * Land use suitability analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) * Concept planning and design development * Graphic communication with clients, government agencies, and other stakeholders Filled with need-to-know information on the entire land planning and design process, Site Analysis is a vital addition to the library of students and professionals in landscape architecture, urban design and planning, and related areas. This book will fill a void in the academic market by offering a comprehensive introduction to all stages of the site analysis process. The Second Edition of Site Analysis will detail each phase of the land planning and site design process, explain the influence of site and contextual conditions conditions on land use development and conservation decisions. It will also provide a valuable resource for professionals seeking design solutions for successful land use. Content from this book is available as an online continuing professional education course at http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-320255.html#sustainable-site . WileyCPE courses are available on demand, 24 hours a day, and are approved by the American Institute of Architects.

This unique resource expertly details the design, installation, and maintenance of sustainable children's landscapes and play areasNumerous case studies cover projects including storybook courtyards, music and barnyard gardens, nature trails, wildlife habitats, memorial, and edible gardens.Key featuresThis is the only resource for planning, designing, installing and maintaining children's landscapes and play yardsCase studies cover projects ranging from storybook and barnyard courtyards to nature trails, wildlife habitats, and memorial and edible gardens

A. J. Downing (1815-1852) wrote the first American treatise on landscape gardening. As editor of the Horticulturist and the country's leading practitioner and author, he promoted a national style of landscape gardening that broke away from European precedents and standards. Like other writers and artists, Downing responded to the intensifying demand in the nineteenth century for a recognizably American cultural expression. To Live in the New World examines in detail Downing's growing conviction that landscape gardening must be adapted to the American people and the nation's indigenous landscapes. Despite significant changes in its three editions, Downing's ATreatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening remained true to the original intent: to guide country gentlemen-with enough money, time, and taste-in the creation of ideal homes and pleasure grounds. While most historians and critics have focused on Downing's more formally written treatise, Judith Major gives equal emphasis to Downing's spirited monthly editorials in the Horticulturist. In the journal, Downing "spoke American" and encouraged his countrymen and women to practice economy, to use America's rich natural resources wisely yet artfully, to be content with a little cottage and a few fine native trees. Although the book is not a biography, the people, events, and experiences that shaped Downing's thinking on landscape gardening are central to the story. Significantly, Downing spent his life in the spectacular natural setting of the Hudson River valley. Through his professional practice, travels, reading, and extensive correspondence, he gradually became aware of the individual and collective needs that he served. Landscape gardening, Downing came to feel, had to respect not only a client's desires and means, but also the nation's republican values of moderation, simplicity, and civic responsibility. Major takes a fresh look at the influence on Downing's theory and practice of British writers such as Archibald Alison, Uvedale Price, Humphry Repton, John Claudius Loudon, and John Ruskin, and analyzes for the first time his debt to the French academician A. C. Quatremere de Quincy's Essay on Imitation.

Expanding urbanization along Florida's coastlines has resulted in increased construction of individual residences, condominiums, and commercial establishments. This surge in construction has produced a concomitant need and demand for landscaping to solve not only a esthetic but functional problems in design. Unfortunately, there are many environmental stresses present in these are as which predispose plant material s to decline and eventual death. Perhaps the most commonly thought of stress is salinity---both soil and foliar related. Yet it should be understood that the specific salt tolerance of a given plant is related to its ability to withstand not only salinity but a number of other environmental stresses. There are a number of adverse qualities of coastal soils which contribute to poor success in establishing landscape plants. Coastal soils are generally: high in excess soluble salts, alkaline in pH, and sandy with poor nutrient and water holding capacity. Excess soluble salts result from a multiplicity of causes: inundation of coastal soils with saline or brackish water; salt water intrusion in to the fresh water aquifer and subsequent upward movement of salts by evaporation; irrigation with water of poor quality (saline); and overfertilization combined with poor watering practices. Contents: Introduction Trees Palms Shrubs Dwarf Shrubs, Groundcovers and Vines Appendix References Index

Shifting economies have left the world's post-industrial cities with isolated zones of abandonment - iconic yet dormant sites that are both physically and culturally vacant. These sites are typically dislocated, contaminated, and often construed as a danger to be made safe or an economic burden to be made profitable. They exist within the urban fabric, though through disuse or disconnection, they exist distinct from that fabric. They are Urban Islands. The research articles and design projects in this book consider how postindustrial sites may be used as templates for new ways of energising cities with cultural activity. The Urban Islands Project on Cockatoo Island is a pointer to the possibilities.

Labyrinths are found in rock, mosaics and turf all over the world, and seem to have been known to magicians from very ancient times. In the traditional designs no choices are offered to the seekers, the path simply delivering the walker to the centre in a certain way. But what does it mean? Can you really get lost in a maze? What have gremlins got to do with it all? And the Minotaur? This tiny book of graphic beginnings, endings and lanes in between is a beautiful and thought-provoking guide to this fascinating subject. WOODEN BOOKS are small but packed with information. "Fascinating" FINANCIAL TIMES. "Beautiful" LONDON REVIEW OF BOOKS. "Rich and Artful" THE LANCET. "Genuinely mind-expanding" FORTEAN TIMES. "Excellent" NEW SCIENTIST. "Stunning" NEW YORK TIMES. Small books, big ideas.

Cape Cod and the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket are special places known for their distinctive flora, including pine-oak forests, sandplain grasslands, and sand dunes peppered with bearberry shrubs. Unfortunately, this unique sense of place is under threat. In recent decades, contemporary landscape practices have come to depend on environmentally stressful fertilizers and irrigation systems, replacing this sensitive ecoregion's native flora with generic turfgrasses and popular commercial nursery trees and shrubs that could exist anywhere.Design with Nature on Cape Cod and the Islands seeks to reverse this damaging trend by offering landscape professionals, local officials, and homeowners a sustainable approach to landscape design based on the ecoregion's native plants and plant communities. Presenting detailed discussions of Cape Cod's natural history, Jack Ahern focuses on the principal plant communities that define its landscape character and that are well adapted to local soils and growing conditions, including climate change. The book also includes strategies for ecological planting design and a portfolio of ecologically designed landscapes from the region.

Green infrastructure integrates human and natural systems through a network of corridors and spaces in mixed-use and urban settings. Austin takes a broad look at green infrastructure concepts, research and case studies to provide the student and professional with processes, criteria and data to support planning, design and implementation. Key topics of the book include: The benefits of green infrastructure as a conservation and planning tool Requirements of ecosystem health Green infrastructure ecosystem services that contribute to human physical and psychological health Planning processes leading to robust green infrastructure networks Design of green infrastructure elements for multiple uses. The concept of ecosystem services is extensively developed in this book, including biological treatment of stormwater and wastewater, opportunities for recreation, urban agriculture and emersion in a naturalistic setting. It defines planning and design processes as well as the political and economic facets of envisioning, funding and implementing green infrastructure networks. The book differs from others on the market by presenting the technical issues, requirements and performance of green infrastructure elements, along with the more traditional recreation and wildlife needs associated with greenway planning, providing information derived from environmental engineering to guide planners and landscape architects.

This book delightfully conveys the pleasures of ecological landscaping. Field and Forest: A Guide to Native Landscapes for Gardeners and Naturalists is for those readers who enjoy plants and want to know more about our native plant communities, how they relate to one another, and what each of us can do to help preserve and restore them. Field and Forest: A Guide to Native Landscapes for Gardeners and Naturalists, originally published in 1992, features an entire section, five chapters, on ecological landscaping. Jane Scott discusses how to recreate native plant communities in your own garden and how to look to nature for garden design ideas. She also includes lots of practical, down-to-earth advice on maintaining a natural garden, as well as things to watch out for when buying native plants from nurseries. Another helpful section focuses on the names and classifications of plants, to help the naturalist identify species encountered on neighborhood strolls and countryside hikes. This book will not only make such excursions more rewarding, it will help you to recreate what you see in your own backyard. Field and Forest: A Guide to Native Landscapes for Gardeners and Naturalists is a companion to field guides, a reference and a charming book to browse through all year round. It is illustrated with one hundred of the author's lovely line drawings. "Overall, the book is well written and is filled with delightful illustrations drawn by the author. Reading it will make a walk through the woods or fields a new and rewarding experience." The Conservationist "A wonderful resource for nature lovers and gardeners is finally back in print. Field and Forest: A Guide to Native Landscapes for Gardeners and Naturalists by Jane Scott is both inspirational and instructive, teaching gardeners how to capture the essence of natural landscapes in their gardens. This book is a classic." North American Native Plant Society Newsletter Fall 2002 Jane Scott is the author of five previous books. Her articles have appeared in major gardening journals and she writes a monthly newspaper column called Woodland Diary. Her horticultural achievements have won her several awards.

In his most provocative writing yet, the radical urban theorist Mike Davis explores the combat zone that is contemporary urban America, the site of a perpetual battle waged within cities and against nature. Davis examines themes of urban life today - white flight, housing and job segregation and discrimination - and looks at areas he calls national sacrifice zones, military landscapes that simulated warfare and arms production have rendered uninhabitable. Davis begins his apocalyptically inflected tour with a trip to New York's Ground Zero and to the diabolic miracle of Las Vegas.

Covering the history and design of gardens from the earliest known examples to the present day, this is the first comprehensive reference work of its kind. Written by a team of leading specialists and lavishly illustrated throughout, the Companion contains articles ranging from design histories of individual countries and specific terms to biographies of leading designers, patrons, and plant-collectors and information on landscape gardening, public parks, and international exhibitions.

Pragtige foto's verskaf inspirasie vir elke smaak en daar is idees vir onder meer tuinpaadjies, buite sitplekke, die swembad area, patios, daktuine en waterverfraaings.

Noted for its magnificent architecture and extraordinary history, the Yuanming Yuan is China's most famous imperial garden. The complex was begun in the early 18th century, and construction continued over the next 150 years. Chinese historians, and many Chinese in general, view the garden as the paramount achievement of Chinese architecture and landscape design. This text provides a comprehensive study of the palatial garden complex and a tour of its architecture and history. Wong begins by inspecting the garden's physical appearance and its architectural elements. He discusses the origin and evolution of these structures and the aesthetics of their design and arrangement. He refers throughout to maps and original models of individual buildings and other existing gardens of the Ming-Qing period, including the well-preserved Yihe Yuan and the Chengde Summer Mountain Retreat in Rehe. The book also explores the activities and daily life of the royal household.

"Twenty-eight years ago I went to England for a three-month visit and rest. What I found changed my life."
So begins this memoir by one of America's best-known landscape architects, Laurie Olin. Raised in a frontier town in Alaska, trained in Seattle and New York, Olin found himself dissatisfied with his job as an urban architect and accepted an invitation to England to take a respite from work. What he found, in abundance, was the serendipity of a human environment built over time to respond to the land's own character and to the people who lived and worked there. For Olin, the English countryside was a palimpsest of the most eloquent and moving sort, yet whose manifestation was of ordinary buildings meant to shelter their inhabitants and further their work.
With evocative language and exquisite line drawings, the author takes us back to his introduction to the scenes of English country towns, their ancient universities, meandering waterways, and dramatic cloudscapes racing in from the Atlantic. He limns the geologic histories found within the rock, the near-forgotten histories of place-names, and the recent histories of train lines and auto routes. Comparing the growth of building in the English countryside, Olin draws some sobering conclusions about our modern lifestyle and its increasing separation from the landscape.
As much a plea for saving the modern American landscape as it is a passionate exploration of what makes the English landscape so characteristically English, "Across the Open Field" is "an affectionate ramble through real places of lasting worth."

Tracing the history of landscape park design from British gardens up through the city park designs of Frederick Law Olmsted, Ethan Carr places national park landscape architecture within a larger historical context. Despite the difficulties now confronting the parks, their continued ability to attract millions of visitors suggests that their creators succeeded in presenting a captivating vision of a once-wild America.Ethan Carr is a landscape architect and is currently working for the National Park Service. He has taught landscape architecture at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design and the University of Virginia School of Architecture.

In a brilliant collaboration between writer and subject, the bestselling author of Home and City Life illuminates Frederick Law Olmsted's role as a major cultural figure and a man at the epicenter of nineteenth-century American history.

We know Olmsted through the physical legacy of his stunning landscapes -- among them, New York's Central Park, California's Stanford University campus, Boston's Back Bay Fens, Illinois's Riverside community, Asheville's Biltmore Estate, and Louisville's park system. He was a landscape architect before that profession was founded, designed the first large suburban community in the United States, foresaw the need for national parks, and devised one of the country's first regional plans.

Olmsted's contemporaries knew a man of even more extraordinarily diverse talents. Born in 1822, he traveled to China on a merchant ship at the age of twenty-one. He cofounded The Nation magazine and was an early voice against slavery. He wrote books about the South and about his exploration of the Texas frontier. He managed California's largest gold mine and, during the Civil War, served as general secretary to the United States Sanitary Commission, the precursor of the Red Cross.

Olmsted was both ruthlessly pragmatic and a visionary. To create Central Park, he managed thousands of employees who moved millions of cubic yards of stone and earth and planted over 300,000 trees and shrubs. In laying it out, "we determined to think of no results to be realized in less than forty years," he told his son, Rick. "I have all my life been considering distant effects and always sacrificing immediate success and applause to that of the future." To this day, Olmsted's ideas about people, nature, and society are expressed across the nation -- above all, in his parks, so essential to the civilized life of our cities.

Rybczynski's passion for his subject and his understanding of Olmsted's immense complexity and accomplishments make this book a triumphant work. In A Clearing in the Distance, the story of a great nineteenth-century American becomes an intellectual adventure.

How does knowledge of everyday environments foster deeper understanding of both past and present cultural life? In this book authorities in social history, architectural history, American studies, cultural geography, and landscape architecture explore aspects of the emergent field of cultural landscape studies, demonstrating the value of investigating the many meanings of ordinary settings. While traditional studies in this field have been of rural life, most of the authors in this collection take on urban subjects, and with them the challenging issues of power, class, race, ethnicity, subculture, and cultural opposition. There is a chapter by J.B. Jackson, the field's foremost proponent and exemplar, on the nature of the vernacular house and the garage. Some of the other contributors include James Borchert on the social stratification of Cleveland suburbs; Rina Swentzell on a comparison of native and federal environments on the Santa Clara Pueblo in New Mexico; Reuben Rainey on the Gettysburg battlefield; Dolores Hayden on the potentials of ethnic landscape documentation; and Denis Cosgrove on spectacle and society. Still other authors Wilbur Zelinsky, Richard Walker, Dell Upton, David Lowenthal, Jay Appleton, and Robert Riley-explore the problems and potentials of vision and space as sources of social interpretation. The book also includes a historical review of recent trends in the field of landscape studies and an annotated bibliography.

Bringing together scholarship in diverse fields - including architecture, geography, folklore, anthropology, and urban studies - the seventeen essays in this volume confirm the transformations now occurring in the study of vernacular architecture. Moving away from a single vision of vernacular architecture that consisted only of old, rural, handmade structures built in traditional forms and materials for everyday use, scholars are exploring a wider variety of forms and landscapes - from company towns to grand expositions. Drawn from two conferences of the Vernacular Architecture Forum - one held in Charleston in 1994, the other in Ottawa in 1995 - these essays address a broad range of topics.