This volume collects ten surveys on the modeling, simulation, and applications of active particles using methods ranging from mathematical kinetic theory to nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. The contributing authors are leading experts working in this challenging field, and each of their chapters provides a review of the most recent results in their areas and looks ahead to future research directions. The approaches to studying active matter are presented here from many different perspectives, such as individual-based models, evolutionary games, Brownian motion, and continuum theories, as well as various combinations of these. Applications covered include biological network formation and network theory; opinion formation and social systems; control theory of sparse systems; theory and applications of mean field games; population learning; dynamics of flocking systems; vehicular traffic flow; and stochastic particles and mean field approximation. Mathematicians and other members of the scientific community interested in active matter and its many applications will find this volume to be a timely, authoritative, and valuable resource.

This book is the second volume of the proceedings of the joint conference X. International Symposium "Quantum Theory and Symmetries" (QTS-X) and XII. International Workshop "Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics" (LT-XII), 19-25 June 2017, Varna, Bulgaria. The QTS series started around the core concept that symmetries underlie all descriptions of quantum systems. It has since evolved into a symposium on the frontiers of theoretical and mathematical physics. The LT series covers the whole field of Lie Theory in its widest sense together with its applications in many facets of physics. As an interface between mathematics and physics the workshop serves as a meeting place for mathematicians and theoretical and mathematical physicists. In the division of the material between the two volumes, the Editor has tried to select for the first and second volumes papers that are more oriented toward mathematics and physics, respectively. However, this division is relative since many papers could have been placed in either volume. The topics covered in this volume represent the most modern trends in the fields of the joint conferences: symmetries in string theories, conformal field theory, holography, gravity theories and cosmology, gauge theories, foundations of quantum theory, nonrelativistic and classical theories.

This is a handbook of Gamma-convergence, which is a theoretical tool used to study problems in Applied Mathematics where varying parameters are present, with many applications that range from Mechanics to Computer Vision. The book is directed to Applied Mathematicians in all fields and to Engineers with a theoretical background.

This thesis develops novel numerical techniques for simulating quantum transport in the time domain and applies them to pertinent physical systems such as flying qubits in electronic interferometers and superconductor/semiconductor junctions hosting Majorana bound states (the key ingredient for topological quantum computing). In addition to exploring the rich new physics brought about by time dependence, the thesis also develops software that can be used to simulate nanoelectronic systems with arbitrary geometry and time dependence, offering a veritable toolbox for exploring this rapidly growing domain.

The Physics of Quantum Mechanics aims to give students a good understanding of how quantum mechanics describes the material world. It shows that the theory follows naturally from the use of probability amplitudes to derive probabilities. It stresses that stationary states are unphysical mathematical abstractions that enable us to solve the theory's governing equation, the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. Every opportunity is taken to illustrate the emergence of the familiar classical, dynamical world through the quantum interference of stationary states. The text stresses the continuity between the quantum world and the classical world, which is merely an approximation to the quantum world. The connections between observables, operators and transformations are clearly explained and the standard commutation rules derived from the properties of spacetime. A chapter is devoted to entanglement, quantum computation, density operators and their role in thermodynamics, and the measurement problem. Scattering phenomena, including the origin of radioactivity, are handled early on in the accessible context of one dimension, and at the end of the book with some rigour in three dimensions. Hydrogen and helium are discussed in some detail and it is shown that quantum mechanics enables us to understand the structure of the periodic table without engaging with the complexities of many-electron atoms. Dirac notation is used from the outset and students are trained to move easily from one representation to another, choosing whichever representation is best suited to a particular problem. The mathematical prerequisites are no more than simple vector algebra, Taylor series expansion and the use of integrating factors to solve linear first order differential equations. Rigorous algebraic methods are preferred to the solution of partial differential equations.

This first volume of the proceedings of the 8th conference on "Finite Volumes for Complex Applications" (Lille, June 2017) covers various topics including convergence and stability analysis, as well as investigations of these methods from the point of view of compatibility with physical principles. It collects together the focused invited papers comparing advanced numerical methods for Stokes and Navier-Stokes equations on a benchmark, as well as reviewed contributions from internationally leading researchers in the field of analysis of finite volume and related methods, offering a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field. The finite volume method in its various forms is a space discretization technique for partial differential equations based on the fundamental physical principle of conservation, and recent decades have brought significant advances in the theoretical understanding of the method. Many finite volume methods preserve further qualitative or asy mptotic properties, including maximum principles, dissipativity, monotone decay of free energy, and asymptotic stability. Due to these properties, finite volume methods belong to the wider class of compatible discretization methods, which preserve qualitative properties of continuous problems at the discrete level. This structural approach to the discretization of partial differential equations becomes particularly important for multiphysics and multiscale applications. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, PhD and master's level students in numerical analysis, scientific computing and related fields such as partial differential equations, as well as engineers working in numerical modeling and simulations.

These 22 papers on control of nonlinear partial differential equations highlight the area from a wide variety of viewpoints. They comprise theoretical considerations such as optimality conditions, relaxation, or stabilizability theorems, as well as the development and evaluation of new algorithms. A significant part of the volume is devoted to applications in engineering, continuum mechanics and population biology.

This book highlights a major advance in low-energy scattering theory: the Multi-Channel Algebraic Scattering (MCAS) theory, which represents an attempt to unify structure and reaction theory. It solves the Lippmann-Schwinger equations for low-energy nucleon-nucleus and alpha-nucleus scattering in momentum space, allowing both the bound and scattering states in the compound nucleus formed to be described. Results of various cases are presented and discussed.

This book consists of selected peer-reviewed papers presented at the NAFEMS India Regional Conference (NIRC 2018). It covers current topics related to advances in computer aided design and manufacturing. The book focuses on the latest developments in engineering modelling and simulation, and its application to various complex engineering systems. Finite element method/finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and additive manufacturing are some of the key topics covered in this book. The book aims to provide a better understanding of contemporary product design and analyses, and hence will be useful for researchers, academicians, and professionals.

This book conveys the theoretical and experimental basics of a well-founded measurement technique in the areas of high DC, AC and surge voltages as well as the corresponding high currents. Additional chapters explain the acquisition of partial discharges and the electrical measured variables. Equipment exposed to very high voltages and currents is used for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. They are therefore tested for reliability before commissioning using standardized and future test and measurement procedures. Therefore, the book also covers procedures for calibrating measurement systems and determining measurement uncertainties, and the current state of measurement technology with electro-optical and magneto-optical sensors is discussed.

The fascinating world of canonical moments--a unique look at this practical, powerful statistical and probability tool
Unusual in its emphasis, this landmark monograph on canonical moments describes the theory and application of canonical moments of probability measures on intervals of the real line and measures on the circle. Stemming from the discovery that canonical moments appear to be more intrinsically related to the measure than ordinary moments, the book's main focus is the broad application of canonical moments in many areas of statistics, probability, and analysis, including problems in the design of experiments, simple random walks or birth and death chains, and in approximation theory.
The book begins with an explanation of the development of the theory of canonical moments for measures on intervals [a, b] and then describes the various practical applications of canonical moments. The book's topical range includes:
* Definition of canonical moments both geometrically and as ratios of Hankel determinants
* Orthogonal polynomials viewed geometrically as hyperplanes to moment spaces
* Continued fractions and their link between ordinary moments and canonical moments
* The determination of optimal designs for polynomial regression
* The relationships between canonical moments, random walks, and orthogonal polynomials
* Canonical moments for the circle or trigonometric functions
Finally, this volume clearly illustrates the powerful mathematical role of canonical moments in a chapter arrangement that is as logical and interdependent as is the relationship of canonical moments to statistics, probability, and analysis.

This book presents the topology optimization theory for laminar flows with low and moderate Reynolds numbers, based on the density method and level-set method, respectively. The density-method-based theory offers efficient convergence, while the level-set-method-based theory can provide anaccurate mathematical expression of the structural boundary. Unsteady, body-force-driven and two-phase properties are basic characteristics of the laminar flows. The book discusses these properties, which are typical of microfluidics and one of the research hotspots in the area of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), providing an efficient inverse design approach for microfluidic structures. To demonstrate the applications of this topology optimization theory in the context of microfluidics, it also investigates inverse design for the micromixer, microvalve and micropump, which are key elements in lab-on-chip devices.

This book, dedicated to Winfried Stute on the occasion of his 70th birthday, presents a unique collection of contributions by leading experts in statistics, stochastic processes, mathematical finance and insurance. The individual chapters cover a wide variety of topics ranging from nonparametric estimation, regression modelling and asymptotic bounds for estimators, to shot-noise processes in finance, option pricing and volatility modelling. The book also features review articles, e.g. on survival analysis.

This book addresses mathematics in a wide variety of applications, ranging from problems in electronics, energy and the environment, to mechanics and mechatronics. Using the classification system defined in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020, several of the topics covered belong to the challenge climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials; and some to health, demographic change and wellbeing; while others belong to Europe in a changing world - inclusive, innovative and reflective societies. The 19th European Conference on Mathematics for Industry, ECMI2016, was held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain in June 2016. The proceedings of this conference include the plenary lectures, ECMI awards and special lectures, mini-symposia (including the description of each mini-symposium) and contributed talks. The ECMI conferences are organized by the European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry with the aim of promoting interaction between academy and industry, leading to innovation in both fields and providing unique opportunities to discuss the latest ideas, problems and methodologies, and contributing to the advancement of science and technology. They also encourage industrial sectors to propose challenging problems where mathematicians can provide insights and fresh perspectives. Lastly, the ECMI conferences are one of the main forums in which significant advances in industrial mathematics are presented, bringing together prominent figures from business, science and academia to promote the use of innovative mathematics in industry.

The present book is the first of the two volume proceedings of the Mark Krein International Conference on Operator Theory and Applications. This conference, which was dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the prominent mathematician Mark Krein, was held in Odessa, Ukraine, from August 18-22, 1997. The conference focused on the main ideas, methods, results, and achievements of M. G. Krein. This first volume is devoted to the theory of differential operators and related topics. It opens with a description of the conference, biographical material and a number of survey papers about the work of M. G. Krein. The main part of the book consists of original research papers presenting the state of the art in the area of differential operators. The second volume of these proceedings, entitled Operator Theory and Related Topics, concerns the other aspects of the conference. The two volumes will be of interest to a wide range of readership in pure and applied mathematics, physics and engineering sciences.

Frank Arntzenius presents a series of radical new ideas about the structure of space and time. Space, Time, and Stuff is an attempt to show that physics is geometry: that the fundamental structure of the physical world is purely geometrical structure. Along the way, he examines some non-standard views about the structure of spacetime and its inhabitants, including the idea that space and time are pointless, the idea that quantum mechanics is a completely local theory, the idea that antiparticles are just particles travelling back in time, and the idea that time has no structure whatsoever. The main thrust of the book, however, is that there are good reasons to believe that spaces other than spacetime exist, and that it is the existence of these additional spaces that allows one to reduce all of physics to geometry. Philosophy, and metaphysics in particular, plays an important role here: the assumption that the fundamental laws of physics are simple in terms of the fundamental physical properties and relations is pivotal. Without this assumption one gets nowhere. That is to say, when trying to extract the fundamental structure of the world from theories of physics one ignores philosophy at one's peril!

Existence Theory for Generalized Newtonian Fluids provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of the existence of weak solutions to generalized Navier-Stokes equations modeling Non-Newtonian fluid flows. The book presents classical results, developments over the last 50 years of research, and recent results with proofs.

This new work by Wilfred Kaplan, the distinguished author of influential mathematics and engineering texts, is destined to become a classic. Timely, concise, and content-driven, it provides an intermediate-level treatment of maxima, minima, and optimization. Assuming only a background in calculus and some linear algebra, Professor Kaplan presents topics in order of difficulty. In four short chapters, he describes basic concepts and geometric aspects of maxima and minima, progresses to problems with side conditions, introduces optimization and programming, and concludes with an in-depth discussion of research topics involving the duality theorems of Fenchel and Rockafellar. Throughout the text, the subject of convexity is gradually developed-from its theoretical underpinnings to problems, and finally, to its role in applications. Other features include:
* A strong emphasis on practical applications of maxima and minima
* An impressive array of supporting topics such as numerical analysis
* An ample number of examples and problems
* More than 60 illustrations highlighting the text
* Algorithms to reinforce concepts
* An appendix reviewing the prerequisite linear algebra
Maxima and Minima with Applications is an ideal text for upper-undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in operations research, management, general engineering, and applied mathematics. It can also be used to supplement courses on linear and nonlinear optimization. This volume's broad scope makes it an excellent reference for professionals wishing to learn more about cutting-edge topics in optimization and mathematical programming.

This book treats dynamic stability of structures under nonconservative forces. it is not a mathematics-based, but rather a dynamics-phenomena-oriented monograph, written with a full experimental background. Starting with fundamentals on stability of columns under nonconservative forces, it then deals with the divergence of Euler's column under a dead (conservative) loading from a view point of dynamic stability. Three experiments with cantilevered columns under a rocket-based follower force are described to present the verifiability of nonconservative problems of structural stability. Dynamic stability of columns under pulsating forces is discussed through analog experiments, and by analytical and experimental procedures together with related theories. Throughout the volume the authors retain a good balance between theory and experiments on dynamic stability of columns under nonconservative loading, offering a new window to dynamic stability of structures, promoting student- and scientist-friendly experiments.

Formed of presented papers this volume contains research from the 40th International Conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods, recognised as THE international forum for the latest advances in these techniques and their applications in science and engineering. The ongoing success of this series is a result of the strength of research being carried out all over the world and the coverage has continually evolved in line with the latest developments in the field. The books originating from this conference series constitute a record of the development of BEM/MRM, running from the initial successful development of boundary integral techniques into the boundary element method, a technique that eliminates the need for an internal mesh, to the recent and most sophisticated Mesh Reduction and even Meshless Methods. Since these methods are used in many engineering and scientific fields the 2017 book, Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods, like the series before, will be of great interest to those working within the areas of numerical analysis, boundary elements and meshless methods. The research papers included in this volume cover: Advanced formulations; Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods; Structural mechanics applications; Solid mechanics; Heat and mass transfer; Electrical engineering and electromagnetics; Computational methods; Fluid flow modelling; Damage mechanics and fracture; Dynamics and vibrations; Engineering applications; Interfacing with other methods; Coupling with design and manufacturing; Solution of large systems of equations.

Riemannian Submersions, Riemannian Maps in Hermitian Geometry, and their Applications is a rich and self-contained exposition of recent developments in Riemannian submersions and maps relevant to complex geometry, focusing particularly on novel submersions, Hermitian manifolds, and K\{a}hlerian manifolds. Riemannian submersions have long been an effective tool to obtain new manifolds and compare certain manifolds within differential geometry. For complex cases, only holomorphic submersions function appropriately, as discussed at length in Falcitelli, Ianus and Pastore's classic 2004 book. In this new book, Bayram Sahin extends the scope of complex cases with wholly new submersion types, including Anti-invariant submersions, Semi-invariant submersions, slant submersions, and Pointwise slant submersions, also extending their use in Riemannian maps. The work obtains new properties of the domain and target manifolds and investigates the harmonicity and geodesicity conditions for such maps. It also relates these maps with discoveries in pseudo-harmonic maps. Results included in this volume should stimulate future research on Riemannian submersions and Riemannian maps.

Interest in the area of control of systems defined by partial differential Equations has increased strongly in recent years. A major reason has been the requirement of these systems for sensible continuum mechanical modelling and optimization or control techniques which account for typical physical phenomena. Particular examples of problems on which substantial progress has been made are the control and stabilization of mechatronic structures, the control of growth of thin films and crystals, the control of Laser and semi-conductor devices, and shape optimization problems for turbomachine blades, shells, smart materials and microdiffractive optics. This volume contains original articles by world reknowned experts in the fields of optimal control of partial differential equations, shape optimization, numerical methods for partial differential equations and fluid dynamics, all of whom have contributed to the analysis and solution of many of the problems discussed. The collection provides a state-of-the-art overview of the most challenging and exciting recent developments in the field. It is geared towards postgraduate students and researchers dealing with the theoretical and practical aspects of a wide variety of high technology problems in applied mathematics, fluid control, optimal design, and computer modelling.

This book is a survey and analysis of how deep learning can be used to generate musical content. The authors offer a comprehensive presentation of the foundations of deep learning techniques for music generation. They also develop a conceptual framework used to classify and analyze various types of architecture, encoding models, generation strategies, and ways to control the generation. The five dimensions of this framework are: objective (the kind of musical content to be generated, e.g., melody, accompaniment); representation (the musical elements to be considered and how to encode them, e.g., chord, silence, piano roll, one-hot encoding); architecture (the structure organizing neurons, their connexions, and the flow of their activations, e.g., feedforward, recurrent, variational autoencoder); challenge (the desired properties and issues, e.g., variability, incrementality, adaptability); and strategy (the way to model and control the process of generation, e.g., single-step feedforward, iterative feedforward, decoder feedforward, sampling). To illustrate the possible design decisions and to allow comparison and correlation analysis they analyze and classify more than 40 systems, and they discuss important open challenges such as interactivity, originality, and structure. The authors have extensive knowledge and experience in all related research, technical, performance, and business aspects. The book is suitable for students, practitioners, and researchers in the artificial intelligence, machine learning, and music creation domains. The reader does not require any prior knowledge about artificial neural networks, deep learning, or computer music. The text is fully supported with a comprehensive table of acronyms, bibliography, glossary, and index, and supplementary material is available from the authors' website.

This is the second part of a two volume anthology comprising a selection of 49 articles that illustrate the depth, breadth and scope of Nigel Kalton's research. Each article is accompanied by comments from an expert on the respective topic, which serves to situate the article in its proper context, to successfully link past, present and hopefully future developments of the theory and to help readers grasp the extent of Kalton's accomplishments. Kalton's work represents a bridge to the mathematics of tomorrow, and this book will help readers to cross it. Nigel Kalton (1946-2010) was an extraordinary mathematician who made major contributions to an amazingly diverse range of fields over the course of his career.