Recently, there have been a number of advances in technology, including in mobile devices, globalization of companies, display technologies and healthcare, all of which require significant input and evaluation from human factors specialists. Accordingly, this textbook has been completely updated, with some chapters folded into other chapters and new chapters added where needed. The text continues to fill the need for a textbook that bridges the gap between the conceptual and empirical foundations of the field.

Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements - Pavement and bitumen - Pavement performance and LCCA - Pavement structures - Pavements and environment - Pavements and innovation - Rigid pavements - Safety - Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines.

Despite the growing demand for design strategies to reduce our petroleum use, no one has yet brought together the lessons of the world's leading post-petroleum designers into a single resource. Post-Petroleum Design brings them together for the first time. Readers will be introduced to the most current, innovative, plastic-and petroleum-free products and projects in industrial design, architecture, transportation, electronics, apparel and more. Post-Petroleum Design explores firsthand the client and consumer motivations behind the demand, and shares the case studies, principles, best practices, risks and opportunities of the world's leading post-petroleum design experts who are already meeting that demand. It introduces 40 inspiring individuals from across the globe; people like Eben Bayer, the American innovator whose company, Ecovative, is growing houses from mushrooms; Mohammed Bah Abba, whose Zeer Pot is helping families keep produce fresh in the sweltering Nigerian summer without electricity; and the engineers at Mercedes-Benz Advanced Design Studios whose Biome car evolves from genetically engineered DNA. Post-Petroleum Design gives design professionals the information they need to research, evaluate, and select materials, technologies and design strategies that meet the growing demand for sustainable design, plastic-free materials and process energy conservation. Designer profiles, studies, statistics and many colour illustrations all highlight the work-some of the best design work to be found anywhere, and showcased here for the first time.

This book presents a state of the art in mortar characterisation, experimentation with and applications of new mortars for conservation and repair of historic buildings. This volume includes the following topics: characterisation of historic mortars (methods, interpretation, application of results), development of new materials for conservation (compatibility, durability, mix designs), the history of mortar technology and fundamental experimental studies of material properties. The papers have been selected from those presented at the 3rd Historic Mortars Conference, held in Glasgow, Scotland, September 11-14th 2013. All the papers here underwent a two stage peer review process, for the conference and again for this volume. In some cases this has resulted in a revision and updating of content.

This book explicates the relationships between design thinking, critical making, and socially responsive technical communication. It leverages the recent technology-powered DIY culture called "the Maker Movement" to identify how citizen innovation can inform cutting-edge social innovation that advocates for equitable change and progress on today's "wicked" problems. After offering a succinct account of the origin and recent history of design thinking, along with its connections to the design paradigm in writing studies, the book analyzes maker culture and its influences on innovation and education through an ethnographic study of three academic makerspaces. It offers opportunities to cultivate a sense of critical changemaking in technical communication students and practitioners, showcasing examples of socially responsive innovation and expert interviews that urge a disciplinary attention to social justice advocacy and an embrace of the design-thinking principle of radical collaboration. The value of design thinking methodologies for teaching and practicing socially responsible technical communication are demonstrated as the author argues for a future in the field that sees its constituents as leaders in radical innovation to solve wicked social problems. This book is essential reading for instructors, students, and practitioners of technical communication, and can be used as a supplemental text for graduate and undergraduate courses in usability and user-centered design and research.

Life-Cycle of Structural Systems: Design, Assessment, Maintenance and Management contains the papers presented at IALCCE2014, the fourth International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering (IALCCE2014), held in Tokyo, Japan, November 16-19, 2014. It consists of a book of extended abstracts (466 pp) and a DVD (2332 pp) with 312 full papers including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, 7 keynote lectures, and 304 technical papers from 38 countries. All major aspects of life-cycle engineering are addressed, with special focus on structural damage processes, life-cycle design, inspection, monitoring, assessment, maintenance and rehabilitation, life-cycle cost of structures and infrastructures, life-cycle performance of special structures, and life-cycle oriented computational tools. The aim of the editors is to provide a valuable source for anyone interested in life-cycle of civil infrastructure systems, including students, researchers and practitioners from all areas of engineering and industry.

Forever immortalized in the television series Mad Men, the mid-twentieth century marketing world influenced nearly every aspect of American culture--music, literature, politics, economics, consumerism, race relations, gender, and more. In Engineered to Sell, Jan Logemann traces the transnational careers of consumer engineers in advertising, market research and commercial design who transformed capitalism, from the 1930s through the 1960s. He argues that the history of marketing consumer goods is not a story of American exceptionalism. Instead, the careers of immigrants point to the limits of the "Americanization" paradigm. First, Logemann explains the rise of a dynamic world of goods by emphasizing changes in marketing approaches increasingly tailored to consumers. Second, he looks at how and why consumer engineering was shaped by transatlantic exchanges. From Austrian psychologists and little-known social scientists to the illustrious Bauhaus artists, the migr s at the center of this story illustrate the vibrant cultural and commercial connections between metropolitan centers: Vienna and New York; Paris and Chicago; Berlin and San Francisco. These mid-century consumer engineers crossed national and disciplinary boundaries not only within arts and academia but also between governments, corporate actors, and social reform movements. By focusing on the transnational lives of migr consumer researchers, marketers, and designers, Engineered to Sell details the processes of cultural translation and adaptation that mark both the mid-century transformation of American marketing and the subsequent European shift to "American" consumer capitalism.

Whether it is the effects of climate change, the avalanche of electronic and plastic waste or the substandard living and working conditions of billions of our fellow global citizens, our ability to deal with unsustainability will define the twenty-first century. Given that most consumption is mediated through products and services, the critical question for designers is: How can we radically reshape these into tools for sustainable living? As a guide and reference text, Product Design and Sustainability provides design students, practitioners and educators with the breadth and depth needed to integrate the most appropriate sustainable strategies into their practice. It establishes the principles that underpin sustainability and introduces a diverse range of social, economic and environmental design responses and tools available to designers. The numerous real-world examples illustrate how these strategies play out in different product sectors and reinforce the view that sustainability is the most positive opportunity and creative challenge facing designers today. This book: delivers a comprehensive guide to the principles of sustainability and how they apply to product design that can readily be integrated into curricula and design practice reveals many of the issues specific product sectors are facing, and provides the depth and breadth needed for formulating and developing sustainable design strategies to address these issues empowers and inspires designers to engage with sustainability through its many examples and insightful interviews with practitioners is fully illustrated with over 300 photographs, graphs and diagrams and supported by chapter summaries, annotated further reading suggestions, and a glossary.

The Story of Mini is a pocket-sized and beautifully illustrated celebration of the iconic car. For more than 60 years, the Mini has been one of the most beloved and instantly recognisable cars on the road. From its humble beginnings with the British Motor Corporation in 1959, to the modern BMW-backed models of today, The Story of Mini tells the story of the car and the unique culture that has built up around it. Exploring the evolution of Mini design from the original two-door model - the most popular British car of all time - through to the diverse range of Minis available today, this book is an exceptionally designed tribute to the marque, and the people who helped create it. Touching on the Mini's impact on pop culture, as well as the racing heritage cultivated by the legendary John Cooper, and filled with stunning imagery and insightful commentary, The Story of Mini charts the history of this beloved brand in a small but perfectly formed package.

In the field of mechanism design, kinematic synthesis is a creative means to produce mechanism solutions. Combined with the emergence of powerful personal computers, mathematical analysis software and the development of quantitative methods for kinematic synthesis, there is an endless variety of possible mechanism solutions that users are free to explore, realize, and evaluate for any given problem in an efficient and practical manner. Mechanism Design: Visual and Programmable Approaches provides a broad introduction to kinematic synthesis, presenting and applying motion, path, and function generation methodologies for some of the most basic planar and spatial single and multi-loop linkage systems. This work provides numerous in-chapter synthesis examples and end-of-chapter synthesis problems. Users can also invent their own specialized synthesis problems according to their particular interests. The commercial mathematical software package MATLAB (R) and its mechanical system modeling and simulation module SimMechanics (R) are thoroughly integrated in this textbook for mechanism synthesis and analysis. The reader is therefore enabled to readily apply the design approaches presented in this textbook to synthesize mechanism systems and visualize their results. With this knowledge of both kinematic synthesis theory and computer-based application, readers will be well-equipped to invent novel mechanical system designs for a wide range of applications.

Today, digital technologies represent an absolute must when it comes to creating new products and factories. However, day-to-day product development and manufacturing engineering operations have still only unlocked roughly fifty percent of the "digital potential". The question is why? This book provides compelling answers and remedies to that question. Its goal is to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of today's set-up for digital engineering working solutions, and to outline important trends and developments for the future. The book concentrates on explaining the critical basics of the individual technologies, before going into deeper analysis of the virtual solution interdependencies and guidelines on how to best align them for productive deployment in industrial and collaborative networks. Moreover, it addresses the changes needed in both, technical and management skills, in order to avoid fundamental breakdowns in running information technologies for virtual product creation in the future.

The first book to focus on jumping genes outside bioscience and medicine, Multiobjective Optimization Methodology: A Jumping Gene Approach introduces jumping gene algorithms designed to supply adequate, viable solutions to multiobjective problems quickly and with low computational cost. Better Convergence and a Wider Spread of Nondominated Solutions The book begins with a thorough review of state-of-the-art multiobjective optimization techniques. For readers who may not be familiar with the bioscience behind the jumping gene, it then outlines the basic biological gene transposition process and explains the translation of the copy-and-paste and cut-and-paste operations into a computable language. To justify the scientific standing of the jumping genes algorithms, the book provides rigorous mathematical derivations of the jumping genes operations based on schema theory. It also discusses a number of convergence and diversity performance metrics for measuring the usefulness of the algorithms. Practical Applications of Jumping Gene Algorithms Three practical engineering applications showcase the effectiveness of the jumping gene algorithms in terms of the crucial trade-off between convergence and diversity. The examples deal with the placement of radio-to-fiber repeaters in wireless local-loop systems, the management of resources in WCDMA systems, and the placement of base stations in wireless local-area networks. Offering insight into multiobjective optimization, the authors show how jumping gene algorithms are a useful addition to existing evolutionary algorithms, particularly to obtain quick convergence solutions and solutions to outliers.

This open access book reports on innovative methods, technologies and strategies for mastering uncertainty in technical systems. Despite the fact that current research on uncertainty is mainly focusing on uncertainty quantification and analysis, this book gives emphasis to innovative ways to master uncertainty in engineering design, production and product usage alike. It gathers authoritative contributions by more than 30 scientists reporting on years of research in the areas of engineering, applied mathematics and law, thus offering a timely, comprehensive and multidisciplinary account of theories and methods for quantifying data, model and structural uncertainty, and of fundamental strategies for mastering uncertainty. It covers key concepts such as robustness, flexibility and resilience in detail. All the described methods, technologies and strategies have been validated with the help of three technical systems, i.e. the Modular Active Spring-Damper System, the Active Air Spring and the 3D Servo Press, which have been in turn developed and tested during more than ten years of cooperative research. Overall, this book offers a timely, practice-oriented reference guide to graduate students, researchers and professionals dealing with uncertainty in the broad field of mechanical engineering.

This book contains the papers presented at the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing (JCM 2018), held on 20-22 June 2018 in Cartagena, Spain. It reports on cutting-edge topics in product design and manufacturing, such as industrial methods for integrated product and process design; innovative design; and computer-aided design. Further topics covered include virtual simulation and reverse engineering; additive manufacturing; product manufacturing; engineering methods in medicine and education; representation techniques; and nautical, aeronautics and aerospace design and modeling. The book is divided into six main sections, reflecting the focus and primary themes of the conference. The contributions presented here will not only provide researchers, engineers and experts in a range of industrial engineering subfields with extensive information to support their daily work; they are also intended to stimulate new research directions, advanced applications of the methods discussed, and future interdisciplinary collaborations.

Three Dimensional Weaving is a nascent technology which has triggered research interests around the world. The technology has the potential to finely balance the in-plane and out-of plane properties in composites. This state-of-the-art book focuses on three emerging 3D weaving technologies viz., Orthogonal weaving, Angle interlock weaving and Dual Plane shedding based 3D weaving. It provides focused knowledge about these technologies and has a pragmatic approach to developing customized 3D weaving machines. Fundamental approach to understanding weave design basics, thereupon practical weaving , addressing quality aspects, arriving at testing approaches are all detailed in the book. The applications for these technologies are both in strategic (space, aerospace, defense) as well as societal (medical, automobile) sectors. The book has six chapters, wherein the first three chapters are devoted to Orthogonal and angle interlock weaving and their quality control aspects. Approach to weaving preforms of complex geometries such as T-stiffeners, tapers, Origami-based structures are also discussed The fourth and fifth chapter are entirely devoted to machinery development for Dual plane shedding based 3D weaving often termed as 'True 3D weaving'. The chapters discuss detailed machine design of the sub-elements such as let-off, shedding, picking, beat-up and take-up. The reader is taken through a prototype development of a 3D weaving machine by way of concept, illustrations, practical development and weaving of samples. The sixth chapter summarises the editor's views about the technology. This volume will be beneficial to scientists and researchers in both academia and the industry.

"Optimal Design of Complex Mechanical Systems" presents the foundations and practical application of multi-objective optimization methods to Vehicle Design Problems with an extensive overview of examples. The first part provides an introduction and a general theoretical information about the optimization of complex mechanical systems and multi-objective optimization methods. Several presented applications such as the global approximation approach are brand new in literature and extensively exposed the first time in this book. The second Part of the book shows some examples of the application of the proposed methods to the solution of real vehicle design problems.

In today's sophisticated world, reliability stands as the ultimate arbiter of quality. An understanding of reliability and the ultimate compromise of failure is essential for determining the value of most modern products and absolutely critical to others, large or small. Whether lives are dependent on the performance of a heat shield or a chip in a lab, random failure is never an acceptable outcome.
Written for practicing engineers, Practical Reliability Engineering and Analysis for System Design and Life-Cycle Sustainment departs from the mainstream approach for time to failure-based reliability engineering and analysis. The book employs a far more analytical approach than those textbooks that rely on exponential probability distribution to characterize failure. Instead, the author, who has been a reliability engineer since 1970, focuses on those probability distributions that more accurately describe the true behavior of failure. He emphasizes failure that results from wear, while considering systems, the individual components within those systems, and the environmental forces exerted on them.

Dependable Products Are No Accident: A Clear Path to the Creation of Consistently Reliable Products
Taking a step-by-step approach that is augmented with current tables to configure wear, load, distribution, and other essential factors, this book explores design elements required for reliability and dependable systems integration and sustainment. It then discusses failure mechanisms, modes, and effects?as well as operator awareness and participation?and also delves into reliability failure modeling based on time-to-failure data considering a variety of approaches.
From there, the text demonstrates and then considers the advantages and disadvantages for the stress-strength analysis approach, including various phases of test simulation. Taking the practical approach still further, the author covers reliability-centered failure analysis, as well as condition-based and time-directed maintenance.
As a science, reliability was once considered the plaything of statisticians reporting on time-to-failure measurements, but in the hands of a practicing engineer, reliability is much more than the measure of an outcome; it is something to be achieved, something to quite purposely build into a system. Reliability analysis of mechanical design for structures and dynamic components demands a thorough field-seasoned approach that first looks to understand why a part fails, then learns how to fix it, and finally learns how to prevent its failing. Ultimately, reliability of mechanical design is based on the relationship between stress and strength over time. This book blends the common sense of lessons learned with mechanical engineering design and systems integration, with an eye toward sustainment. This is the stuff that enables organizations to achieve products valued for their world-class reliability.

Inland Waterway (IW), or river vessels are in every respect different from the seagoing ships. The professional literature is mostly focused on conventional seagoing fleets, leaving a gap in the documentation of design practices for IW vessels. The principal attribute that differentiates river vessels from the seagoing ships is the low, or shallow, draught due to water depth restrictions. This book addresses key aspects for the design of contemporary, shallow draught IW vessels for the transport of dry cargo (containers and bulk cargo). Most of the logic that is presented is applicable to the design of river vessels for any river, but the material that is presented is focused on vessels for the River Danube and its tributaries. The term 'contemporary river vessel' assumes that the present-day technology and current Danube river infrastructure are taken into consideration in its design. It is believed that the technologies and concepts that are proposed here are applicable for all new vessel designs for the next 10 to 15 years. Other innovative technologies should be considered for designs beyond that horizon. Moreover, nowadays contemporary IW vessel must be in harmony with the Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) policies and hence special attention is paid to both ecology and efficiency. Note however that shipowners and ship operators usually tend to choose the conventional cost-effective transport technologies. Given that potential divergence of interests, the concepts and technologies treated here may be regarded as innovative.

This book discusses how human-centered principles and methods can be applied to improve the design of policies and projects to increase positive impacts for beneficiaries. The basic premise of human-centered design is to put beneficiaries at the heart of the design process. For policies and projects, a human-centered design approach can benefit people's lives by contributing to a deeper understanding of their challenges, aspirations, and dreams. Part 1 of the book discusses principles and methods for human-centered design and features real-world practical examples. Part 2 presents a case study on Indonesia's maritime sector to demonstrate the benefits.

This book explores, in a systematic way, both conventional and unconventional material shaping processes with various modes of hybridization in relation to theory, modelling and industrial potential. The demand for high productivity and high accuracy in manufacturing is continuously increasing, based on improvement and optimization strategies. Hybridization of manufacturing processes will play a crucial role and will be of a key importance in achieving environmental and economical sustainability. Structured in three parts, Hybrid Manufacturing Processes summarizes the state-of-the art hybrid manufacturing processes based on available literature sources and production reports. The book begins by providing information on the physical fundamentals of the removal and non-removal processes in macro-, micro and nanoscales. It then follows with an overview of the possible ways of hybridization and the effects on the enhancement of process performance, before concluding with a summary of production outputs related to surface integrity, specifically with respect to difficult-to-machine materials. Considering the applications of different sources of hybridization including mechanical, thermal and chemical interactions or their combinations, this book will be of interest to a range of researchers and practicing engineers within the field of manufacturing.

Knowledge creation and technological experiences resulting from modern production life cycles are definitely the most Economical and important intellectual capitals in the current manufacturing endeavors. These are also the basis for enabling industrial competition through managing and identifying organizational and product related needs and opportunities; e. g. health care systems society needs clean environment, sustainable production life cycles needs flexible approachable design and engineering of materials whilst valuable materials are needed for renewable energies and the production of fuel cells. Integration of components, design of structures and managing knowledge inherent in engineering is a difficult and complex endeavor. A wide range of advanced technologies such as smart materials and their approaches in alternative energy have to be invoked in providing assistance for knowledge requirements ranging from acquisition, modeling, (re)using, retrieving, sharing, publishing and maintaining of knowledge. Integration, Design and management with regards to knowledge management originates at least on three roots.

This book presents the proceedings of the first International Upcycling Symposium 2020, held on 4th September 2020 at De Montfort University (DMU) in Leicester, UK (online), as a joint effort between DMU, Lund University, Nottingham Trent University and Newcastle University. This book presents state of the art of research and practice in "upcycling" at the international level. The subject of this book, upcycling, is a term to describe the processes of creating or modifying a product from used or waste materials, components and products, which is of equal or higher quality or value than the compositional elements. This book describes new theories, approaches and scientific research findings related to upcycling and presents examples of upcycling practice, across multiple sectors, scales and contexts. Bringing together research from over 35 multidisciplinary experts, the book discusses state-of-the-art knowledge and practices on upcycling in different geographical, economic, socio-cultural and technological contexts at an international level. Readers will gain fundamental understanding of upcycling with its varied definitions and forms across sectors and scales, and to be informed of the latest upcycling research and practices including valuable ideas, theories, projects, experiences and insights by global experts.

This book is the fourth volume in the series devoted to gear engineering and computer-aided design, production, testing and education. It comprises fundamental and applied research contributions by scientists and gear experts from all the world and covers recent developments and historical achievements in various spheres of mechanical engineering related to different kinds of gears, transmissions, and drive systems. It gathers contributions describing the advanced approaches to research, design, testing and production of practically all common and new kinds of gears for a vast number of advanced applications. Special attention is paid to issues of higher education in the field of gears. The book is intended as a tribute to professor Veniamin Goldfarb (1941-2019), one of the world-known leaders in the field of gear research, education and production, who contributed much to the active international cooperation of gear experts and to promotion of MMS science. The introductory chapter of this book relates his research to major developments in the field of mechanisms and machine science and outlines important contributions that he made within the period of 1964-2019.

This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 8th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2021) written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD'21 has been "Design for Tomorrow". The world as we know it in our times is increasingly becoming connected. In this interconnected world, design has to address new challenges of merging the cyber and the physical, the smart and the mundane, the technology and the human. As a result, there is an increasing need for strategizing and thinking about design for a better tomorrow. The theme for ICoRD'21 serves as a provocation for the design community to think about rapid changes in the near future to usher in a better tomorrow. The papers in this book explore these themes, and their key focus is design for tomorrow: how are products and their development be addressed for the immediate pressing needs within a connected world? The book will be of interest to researchers, professionals and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the new and emerging methods and tools for design of new products, systems and services.

Introduction to Optimum Design, Fourth Edition, carries on the tradition of the most widely used textbook in engineering optimization and optimum design courses. It is intended for use in a first course on engineering design and optimization at the undergraduate or graduate level in engineering departments of all disciplines, with a primary focus on mechanical, aerospace, and civil engineering courses. Through a basic and organized approach, the text describes engineering design optimization in a rigorous, yet simplified manner, illustrates various concepts and procedures with simple examples, and demonstrates their applicability to engineering design problems. Formulation of a design problem as an optimization problem is emphasized and illustrated throughout the text using Excel and MATLAB as learning and teaching aids. This fourth edition has been reorganized, rewritten in parts, and enhanced with new material, making the book even more appealing to instructors regardless of course level.