The robotic mechanism and its controller make a complete system. As the robotic mechanism is reconfigured, the control system has to be adapted accordingly. The need for the reconfiguration usually arises from the changing functional requirements. This book will focus on the adaptive control of robotic manipulators to address the changed conditions. The aim of the book is to summarise and introduce the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of adaptive control of robotic manipulators in order to improve the methodologies on the adaptive control of robotic manipulators. Advances made in the past decades are described in the book, including adaptive control theories and design, and application of adaptive control to robotic manipulators.

In a presentation that formalizes what makes up decision based design, Decision Based Design defines the major concepts that go into product realization. It presents all major concepts in design decision making in an integrated way and covers the fundamentals of decision analysis in engineering design. It also trains engineers to understand the impacts of design decision. The author teaches concepts in demand modeling and customer preference modeling and provides examples. This book teaches most fundamental concepts encountered in engineering design like: concept generation, multiattribute decision analysis, reliability engineering, design optimization, simulation, and demand modeling. The book provides the tools engineering practitioners and researchers need to first understand that engineering design is best viewed as a sequence of decisions made by the stakeholders involved and then apply the decision based design concepts in practice. It teaches fundamental concepts encountered in engineering design, such as concept generation, multiattribute decision analysis, reliability engineering, design optimization, simulation, and demand modeling. This book helps students and practitioners understand that there is a rigorous way to analyze engineering decisions taking into consideration all the potential technical and business impacts of their decisions. It can be used in its entirety to teach a course in decision based design, while selected chapters can also be used to cover courses in subdisciplines that make up decision based design.

This book discusses all spacecraft attitude control-related topics: spacecraft (including attitude measurements, actuator, and disturbance torques), modeling, spacecraft attitude determination and estimation, and spacecraft attitude controls. Unlike other books addressing these topics, this book focuses on quaternion-based methods because of its many merits. The book lays a brief, but necessary background on rotation sequence representations and frequently used reference frames that form the foundation of spacecraft attitude description. It then discusses the fundamentals of attitude determination using vector measurements, various efficient (including very recently developed) attitude determination algorithms, and the instruments and methods of popular vector measurements. With available attitude measurements, attitude control designs for inertial point and nadir pointing are presented in terms of required torques which are independent of actuators in use. Given the required control torques, some actuators are not able to generate the accurate control torques, therefore, spacecraft attitude control design methods with achievable torques for these actuators (for example, magnetic torque bars and control moment gyros) are provided. Some rigorous controllability results are provided. The book also includes attitude control in some special maneuvers, such as orbital-raising, docking and rendezvous, that are normally not discussed in similar books. Almost all design methods are based on state-spaced modern control approaches, such as linear quadratic optimal control, robust pole assignment control, model predictive control, and gain scheduling control. Applications of these methods to spacecraft attitude control problems are provided. Appendices are provided for readers who are not familiar with these topics.

This book presents some twenty case studies, showing how companies in different industry sectors and of different sizes make advances in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM). Like the author's previous volumes, this book provides a valuable resource for those wishing to learn about PLM and how to implement and apply it in their companies. Helping readers to * learn about implementing and benefiting from PLM; * learn about good PLM solutions and best practice; * improve their planning and decision-making abilities; * benefit from the lessons learned by the companies featured in the case studies; * proceed faster and further with PLM the book presents effective PLM solutions and best practices. At the same time, the case studies included demonstrate how different companies implement and benefit from PLM. Each case study is addressed in a separate chapter and details a different situation, enabling readers to put themselves in the situation and think through different actions and decisions. A valuable resource for PLM team managers and employees in engineering and manufacturing companies, the book is also of interest to researchers and students in industrial engineering fields.

Design for Global Challenges and Goals charts the developments, opportunities and challenges for design research in addressing global challenges facing developing contexts focusing on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. The book explores the role that design and social responsibility play in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and how design works in developing contexts. It presents 10 design-led case studies addressing different Sustainable Development Goals ranging from reducing poverty and hunger, improving health and wellbeing, promoting gender equality, developing more sustainable cities and communities, encouraging more responsible consumption and production, and tackling climate change. Design for Global Challenges and Goals also addresses the future, offering foresight into the research in global challenges by identifying the opportunities and emerging trends for researchers. Providing a guide to the state of the art of design research that addresses the Sustainable Development Goals, this book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners and students who want their research to address global challenges.

This volume presents the most comprehensive international discussion of the role of markets in higher education ever published. It reflects on both the political and economic implications of the rising trend towards introducing market elements in higher education. The book draws together many leading international scholars in the economic and policy analysis of higher education to explore different theoretical perspectives and present new empirical evidence on market mechanisms in higher education in several Western countries. The authors present a dispassionate and ideologically neutral view of the advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of market-mechanisms in higher education and of its effects in terms of access, equity, quality of provision, student learning, research and scholarship, and so on. And they balance the performance of markets in higher education against the alternative of more, or a different kind of, governmental intervention.

This book covers some of the most popular methods in design space sampling, ensembling surrogate models, multi-fidelity surrogate model construction, surrogate model selection and validation, surrogate-based robust design optimization, and surrogate-based evolutionary optimization. Surrogate or metamodels are now frequently used in complex engineering product design to replace expensive simulations or physical experiments. They are constructed from available input parameter values and the corresponding output performance or quantities of interest (QOIs) to provide predictions based on the fitted or interpolated mathematical relationships. The book highlights a range of methods for ensembling surrogate and multi-fidelity models, which offer a good balance between surrogate modeling accuracy and building cost. A number of real-world engineering design problems, such as three-dimensional aircraft design, are also provided to illustrate the ability of surrogates for supporting complex engineering design. Lastly, illustrative examples are included throughout to help explain the approaches in a more "hands-on" manner.

This book introduces the principles and practices in automotive systems, including modern automotive systems that incorporate the latest trends in the automobile industry. The fifteen chapters present new and innovative methods to master the complexities of the vehicle of the future. Topics like vehicle classification, structure and layouts, engines, transmissions, braking, suspension and steering are illustrated with modern concepts, such as battery-electric, hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles and vehicle maintenance practices. Each chapter is supported with examples, illustrative figures, multiple-choice questions and review questions. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in automotive/automobile engineering, mechanical engineering, electronics engineering, this book covers the following: Construction and working details of all modern as well as fundamental automotive systems Complexities of operation and assembly of various parts of automotive systems in a simplified manner Handling of automotive systems and integration of various components for smooth functioning of the vehicle Modern topics such as battery-electric, hybrid electric and fuel cell vehicles Illustrative examples, figures, multiple-choice questions and review questions at the end of each chapter

This book endeavours to highlight the untapped potential of Smart Agriculture for the innovation and expansion of the agriculture sector. The sector shall make incremental progress as it learns from associations between data over time through Artificial Intelligence, deep learning and Internet of Things applications. The farming industry and Smart agriculture develop from the stringent limits imposed by a farm's location, which in turn has a series of related effects with respect to supply chain management, food availability, biodiversity, farmers' decision-making and insurance, and environmental concerns among others. All of the above-mentioned aspects will derive substantial benefits from the implementation of a data-driven approach under the condition that the systems, tools and techniques to be used have been designed to handle the volume and variety of the data to be gathered. Contributions to this book have been solicited with the goal of uncovering the possibilities of engaging agriculture with equipped and effective profound learning algorithms. Most agricultural research centres are already adopting Internet of Things for the monitoring of a wide range of farm services, and there are significant opportunities for agriculture administration through the effective implementation of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Big Data and IoT structures.

Introducing a new engineering product or changing an existing model involves developing designs, reaching economic decisions, selecting materials, choosing manufacturing processes, and assessing environmental impact. These activities are interdependent and should not be performed in isolation from each other. This is because the materials and processes used in making a product can have a major influence on its design, cost, and performance in service. This Fourth Edition of the best-selling Materials and Process Selection for Engineering Design takes all of this into account and has been comprehensively revised to reflect the many advances in the fields of materials and manufacturing, including: Increasing use of additive manufacturing technology, especially in biomedical, aerospace and automotive applications Emphasizing the environmental impact of engineering products, recycling, and increasing use of biodegradable polymers and composites Analyzing further into weight reduction of products through design changes as well as material and process selection, especially in manufacturing products such as electric cars Discussing new methods for solving multi-criteria decision-making problems, including multi-component material selection as well as concurrent and geometry-dependent selection of materials and joining technology Increasing use of MATLAB by engineering students in solving problems This textbook features the following pedagogical tools: New and updated practical case studies from industry A variety of suggested topics and background information for in-class group work Ideas and background information for reflection papers so readers can think critically about the material they have read, give their interpretation of the issues under discussion and the lessons learned, and then propose a way forward Open-book exercises and questions at the end of each chapter where readers are evaluated on how they use the material, rather than how well they recall it, in addition to the traditional review questions Includes a solutions manual and PowerPoint lecture materials for adopting professors Aimed at students in mechanical, manufacturing, and materials engineering, as well as professionals in these fields, this book provides the practical know-how in order to choose the right materials and processes for development of new or enhanced products.

Introducing a new engineering product or changing an existing model involves developing designs, reaching economic decisions, selecting materials, choosing manufacturing processes, and assessing environmental impact. These activities are interdependent and should not be performed in isolation from each other. This is because the materials and processes used in making a product can have a major influence on its design, cost, and performance in service. This Fourth Edition of the best-selling Materials and Process Selection for Engineering Design takes all of this into account and has been comprehensively revised to reflect the many advances in the fields of materials and manufacturing, including: Increasing use of additive manufacturing technology, especially in biomedical, aerospace and automotive applications Emphasizing the environmental impact of engineering products, recycling, and increasing use of biodegradable polymers and composites Analyzing further into weight reduction of products through design changes as well as material and process selection, especially in manufacturing products such as electric cars Discussing new methods for solving multi-criteria decision-making problems, including multi-component material selection as well as concurrent and geometry-dependent selection of materials and joining technology Increasing use of MATLAB by engineering students in solving problems This textbook features the following pedagogical tools: New and updated practical case studies from industry A variety of suggested topics and background information for in-class group work Ideas and background information for reflection papers so readers can think critically about the material they have read, give their interpretation of the issues under discussion and the lessons learned, and then propose a way forward Open-book exercises and questions at the end of each chapter where readers are evaluated on how they use the material, rather than how well they recall it, in addition to the traditional review questions Includes a solutions manual and PowerPoint lecture materials for adopting professors Aimed at students in mechanical, manufacturing, and materials engineering, as well as professionals in these fields, this book provides the practical know-how in order to choose the right materials and processes for development of new or enhanced products.

Creating a Culture of Predictable Outcomes demonstrates the importance of creating cultures in the design and construction industries grounded in sophisticated-caring leadership, high-performing collaborative teams, and master-level decision-making discipline, informed by values, to finally address massive inefficiencies, waste, and unpredictability. Barbara White Bryson offers specific guidance to industry stakeholders to succeed in achieving project-related predictable outcomes by focusing on culture rather than process. This includes selecting the right team members by hiring and firing bravely, valuing psychological safety, leading with values, practicing respect and transparency, fostering empowerment to make decisions at the right level at the right time, and more. This book is a must-read for design and construction professionals who want to finally understand how to set goals and meet those goals for their clients as well as for their teams.

Creating a Culture of Predictable Outcomes demonstrates the importance of creating cultures in the design and construction industries grounded in sophisticated-caring leadership, high-performing collaborative teams, and master-level decision-making discipline, informed by values, to finally address massive inefficiencies, waste, and unpredictability. Barbara White Bryson offers specific guidance to industry stakeholders to succeed in achieving project-related predictable outcomes by focusing on culture rather than process. This includes selecting the right team members by hiring and firing bravely, valuing psychological safety, leading with values, practicing respect and transparency, fostering empowerment to make decisions at the right level at the right time, and more. This book is a must-read for design and construction professionals who want to finally understand how to set goals and meet those goals for their clients as well as for their teams.

This book comprises the proceedings of the conference "Future Production of Hybrid Structures 2020", which took place in Wolfsburg. The conference focused on hybrid lightweight design, which is characterized by the combination of different materials with the aim of improving properties and reducing weight. In particular, production technologies for hybrid lightweight design were discussed, new evaluation methods for the ecological assessment of hybrid components were presented and future-oriented approaches motivated by nature for the development of components, assemblies and systems were introduced. Lightweight design is a key technology for the development of sustainable and resource-efficient mobility concepts. Vehicle manufacturers operate in an area of conflict between customer requirements, competition and legislation. Material hybrid structures, which combine the advantages of different materials, have a high potential for reducing weight, while simultaneously expanding component functionality. The future, efficient use of function-integrated hybrid structures in vehicle design requires innovations and constant developments in vehicle and production technology. There is a great demand, especially with regard to new methods and technologies, for "affordable" lightweight construction in large-scale production, taking into account the increasing requirements with regard to variant diversity, safety and quality.

Get Ready for the Future of Additive Manufacturing Additive Manufacturing: Innovations, Advances, and Applications explores the emerging field of additive manufacturing (AM)-the use of 3D printing to make prototype parts on demand. Often referred to as the third industrial revolution, AM offers many advantages over traditional manufacturing. This process enables users to quickly build three-dimensional objects from the bottom-up, adding material one cross-sectional layer at a time directly from a computer model. This book provides a clear overview of specific technologies related to AM. It covers existing and emerging techniques in AM in use for a wide spectrum of manufacturing applications, and highlights the advantages of each technique with specific references to technological applications. Introduces Valuable Processes for Making Prototype Parts among Manufacturers of Many Types The book outlines many of the processes developed using various materials ranging from metals to plastics, and composites to human tissue. It presents recent innovations and potential viable applications that include: near-net shape capabilities, superior design, geometric flexibility, innovations in fabrication using multiple materials, and reduced tooling and fixturing. It also introduces several illustrations and case studies that focus on the present and far-reaching applications, developments, and future prospects of AM technologies. Written by renowned experts in their fields, this book: Covers the reactive inkjet printing of nylon materials relevant to AM Discusses the AM of metals using the techniques of free space deposition and selective laser melting Provides a comparison between AM materials and human tissues Addresses the use of AM for medical devices and drug and cell delivery Focuses on the relevance of AM to rare earth magnets and more Additive Manufacturing: Innovations, Advances, and Applications emphasizes the use of AM commensurate with advances in technical applications, and provides a solid background on the fundamentals and principles of this rapidly developing field.

Pressure vessels are prone to explosion while in operation, due to possible errors in material selection, design and other engineering activities. Addressing issues at hand for a working professional, this book covers material selection, testing and design of pressure vessels which enables users to effectively use code rules and available design softwares. Relevant equation derivations have been simplified with comparison to ASME codes. Analysis of special components flange, bellow and tube sheet are included with their background. Topics on tube bend, supports, thermal stresses, piping flexibility and non-pressure parts are described from structural perspective. Vibration of pressure equipment components are covered as well.

Electrodissolution Processes: Fundamentals and Applications discusses the basic principles involved in high-rate anodic dissolution processes and their application in advanced machining, micromachining, and finishing operations. The fundamentals section of the book discusses the anodic dissolution behavior of different classes of metals and the influence of mass transport, current distribution, and surface film properties on the metal removal rate and surface finishing. The applications section of the book presents essential elements of electrochemical and assisted techniques for precision machining, micromachining, and polishing of advanced materials, including hard-to-machine conducting ceramic materials. Features A first-of-its-kind book that provides updated scientific and engineering information related to high-rate anodic dissolution processes Highlights the importance of the understanding of basic principles required for designing and optimizing ECM/EMM/EP processes Gives equal emphasis to the fundamentals and applications of electrodissolution processes Discusses the high-rate anodic dissolution of two broad classes of materials, namely, engineering and refractory materials Presents case studies to demonstrate the capabilities of different electrochemical and assisted machining, micromachining, and finishing operations Presents a dedicated chapter on electrochemical planarization of copper interconnects Madhav Datta is the Chairman of Amrita Center for Industrial Research and Innovation and a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Amrita University, Coimbatore, India.

Engineering Science is a comprehensive textbook suitable for all vocational and pre-degree courses in engineering, being fully in line with the latest vocational courses at Level 2 and leading into Level 3. Taking a subject-led approach, engineering students will find the essential scientific principles necessary for their studies, developed topic by topic. Unlike most textbooks available for this field, it goes beyond the core science to include applications in the real world and the mechanical and electrical principles required for the majority of courses. It is supported by numerous worked examples and problems, with a complete set of answers. This new edition gives a detailed consideration of the basic arithmetic, algebraic and graphical methods needed in engineering courses so that it conforms completely with sections A and B of the BTEC Level 2 unit, and it provides the basic tools for the science that follows. A new chapter introduces the basic principles of calculus and more material is given on applications. This includes typical properties of materials and a discussion on the way properties of materials over the ages have changed the basic structures of bridges, weightlessness, snooker, thermal insulation and LEDs, as well as buildings, with a particular look at the engineering behind the collapse of the World Trade Centre.

This book provides the key fundamental principles, classifications, recent developments, as well as different applications of additive manufacturing technologies. A comprehensive overview of the different classes is given, covering polymer-based, metal-based and ceramic-based systems. Special topics such as bioprinting and 4D printing are also introduced. The authors discuss the technological aspects of additive manufacturing in a very clear and understandable way, delivered with the help of self-illustrating artworks. This book is particularly designed to suit the curriculum requirements of undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in Mechanical Engineering, Material Science, Product Design and Development, Biomedical Engineering, Automobile and Aerospace Engineering, and other closely related domains. Manufacturing professionals working in similar fields may also wish to read it as a refresher and to catch up on recent advances.

This book provides the key fundamental principles, classifications, recent developments, as well as different applications of additive manufacturing technologies. A comprehensive overview of the different classes is given, covering polymer-based, metal-based and ceramic-based systems. Special topics such as bioprinting and 4D printing are also introduced. The authors discuss the technological aspects of additive manufacturing in a very clear and understandable way, delivered with the help of self-illustrating artworks. This book is particularly designed to suit the curriculum requirements of undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in Mechanical Engineering, Material Science, Product Design and Development, Biomedical Engineering, Automobile and Aerospace Engineering, and other closely related domains. Manufacturing professionals working in similar fields may also wish to read it as a refresher and to catch up on recent advances.

Modern biotechnologies give us unprecedented control of the fundamental building blocks of life. For designers, across a range of disciplines, emerging fields such as synthetic biology offer the promise of new sustainable materials and structures which may be grown, are self-assembling, self-healing and adaptable to change. While there is a thriving speculative discourse on the future of design in the age of biotechnology, there are few realized design applications. This book, the first in the Bio Design series, acts as a bridge between design speculation and scientific reality and between contemporary design thinking, in areas such as architecture, product design and fashion design, and the traditional engineering approaches which currently dominate biotechnologies. Filled with real examples, Living Construction reveals how living cells construct and transform materials through methods of fabrication and assembly at multiple scales and how designers can utilize these processes.

Modern biotechnologies give us unprecedented control of the fundamental building blocks of life. For designers, across a range of disciplines, emerging fields such as synthetic biology offer the promise of new sustainable materials and structures which may be grown, are self-assembling, self-healing and adaptable to change. While there is a thriving speculative discourse on the future of design in the age of biotechnology, there are few realized design applications. This book, the first in the Bio Design series, acts as a bridge between design speculation and scientific reality and between contemporary design thinking, in areas such as architecture, product design and fashion design, and the traditional engineering approaches which currently dominate biotechnologies. Filled with real examples, Living Construction reveals how living cells construct and transform materials through methods of fabrication and assembly at multiple scales and how designers can utilize these processes.

Purposeful Engineering Economics stands as a unique and highly original complement to the traditional engineering economics curriculum. This primarily narrative text conveys the essence of an "Austrian" economic perspective on cash flow analysis and decision making in engineering without extensive tables and graphs and requires very little mathematics. The book's objective is to add a new perspective to the usual study of cash flow analysis and solely econometric engineering decision making. The author draws on the methodology of the Austrian Economists-a school of economic thought that bases its study of economic phenomena on the interpretation and analysis of the purposeful actions of individuals. The book includes an array of illustrative case studies examined in detail by the author and emphasizes the importance of market processes and price signals to coordinate engineering plans.

This book disseminates recent research, theories, and practices relevant to the areas of surface engineering and the processing of materials for functional applications in the aerospace, automobile, and biomedical industries. The book focuses on the hidden technologies and advanced manufacturing methods that may not be standardized by research institutions but are greatly beneficial to material and manufacturing industrial engineers in many ways. It details projects, research activities, and innovations in a global platform to strengthen the knowledge of the concerned community. The book covers surface engineering including coating, deposition, cladding, nanotechnology, surface finishing, precision machining, processing, and emerging advanced manufacturing technologies to enhance the performance of materials in terms of corrosion, wear, and fatigue. The book captures the emerging areas of materials science and advanced manufacturing engineering and presents recent trends in research for researchers, field engineers, and academic professionals.

For over forty years, Materials for Engineers and Technicians has given thousands of students an easily accessible introduction to materials engineering and manufacturing processes. This renowned text is a comprehensive overview of the wide-ranging subject area, written in a straightforward, readable style. It is devoid of excessive jargon and mathematical complexity, and retains a practical down-to-earth approach. This expanded edition references specifications for materials and materials testing that have been updated to include European-wide standards of the EU. More applications of materials and case studies have been included. New content discusses the choice of materials and processes in relation to 3D printing and the importance of materials recycling and sustainability. The increased emphasis on the selection of materials reflects this aspect of materials engineering now seen within current vocational and university courses. In addition to meeting the requirements of vocational and undergraduate engineering syllabuses, this text also serves as a valuable desktop reference for professional engineers working in product design who require a quick source of information on materials and manufacturing processes.