The federal crop insurance program began in 1938 when Congress authorized the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation. The current program, which is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Risk Management Agency (RMA), provides producers with risk management tools to address crop yield and/or revenue losses for about 130 crops. The federal farm safety net also includes the farm commodity support programs, which provide price and income support for a much narrower list of "covered and loan commodities" such as corn, wheat, rice, and peanuts. In purchasing a crop insurance policy, a producer growing an insurable crop selects a level of coverage and pays a portion of the premium -- or none of it in the case of catastrophic coverage -- which increases as the level of coverage rises. The federal government pays the rest of the premium. This book provides a primer on the federal crop insurance program and briefly summarises changes to the program by the 2014 farm bill.

This policy note provides an initial assessment of Libya's labor market and discusses policy options for promoting employability as part of a broader jobs strategy. It is intended as a contribution to evidence on Libya's labor market for the benefit of policy makers, civil society and the broader international community.

"Insurance is often confused with risk management, yet it simply finances part of the risk with another entity, i.e. the insurance company. In reality, it is up to the organization's executive team to proactively manage risks." - Ed Kempkey You don't need a full time risk manager to gain the benefits these best practices offer. Balancing Risk exposes five myths that often prevent organizations from implementing risk management programs, and provides straightforward concepts and metholodologies upon which to build your plan. The step-by-step process includes examples you can follow as well as a simple system to easily document and measure your success. - Increase operational effectiveness and efficiency - Enhance the identification of opportunities and threats - Establish a reliable basis for decision making and planning - Improve stakeholder confidence and trust

Floods take a heavy toll on society, costing lives, damaging buildings and property, disrupting livelihoods, and sometimes necessitating federal disaster relief, which has risen to record levels in recent years. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) was created in 1968 to reduce the flood risk to individuals and their reliance on federal disaster relief by making federal flood insurance available to residents and businesses if their community adopted floodplain management ordinances and minimum standards for new construction in flood prone areas. Insurance rates for structures built after a flood plain map was adopted by the community were intended to reflect the actual risk of flooding, taking into account the likelihood of inundation, the elevation of the structure, and the relationship of inundation to damage to the structure. Today, rates are subsidized for one-fifth of the NFIP's 5.5 million policies. Most of these structures are negatively elevated, that is, the elevation of the lowest floor is lower than the NFIP construction standard. Compared to structures built above the base flood elevation, negatively elevated structures are more likely to incur a loss because they are inundated more frequently, and the depths and durations of inundation are greater. Tying Flood Insurance to Flood Risk for Low-Lying Structures in the Floodplain studies the pricing of negatively elevated structures in the NFIP. This report review current NFIP methods for calculating risk-based premiums for these structures, including risk analysis, flood maps, and engineering data. The report then evaluates alternative approaches for calculating risk-based premiums and discusses engineering hydrologic and property assessment data needs to implement full risk-based premiums. The findings and conclusions of this report will help to improve the accuracy and precision of loss estimates for negatively elevated structures, which in turn will increase the credibility, fairness, and transparency of premiums for policyholders. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 The National Flood Insurance Program and the Need for Accurate Rates 2 NFIP Procedures for Analyzing Flood Hazard and Calculating Insurance Rates 3 Methods for Assessing Flood Risk 4 Factors That Affect Risk-Based Premiums for Negatively Elevated Structures 5 Alternative Approaches and Implementation References Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations

"Wir sichern Generationen." heisst es im OEffentlichkeitsauftritt der Deutschen Rentenversicherung. Doch was heisst die gesetzliche Rentenabsicherung, fur die rund 81 Millionen Burger in Deutschland heute und vor allem in 20, 30 oder gar 50 Jahren? Bei vielen Burgern bildet die Deutsche Rentenversicherung (DRV) und deren gesetzlichen Leistungen eine feste Planungsgroesse. Der Versicherte erhalt Schutz - ob bei Erwerbsminderung oder im Alter. Fur viele Hinterbliebene entsteht ein zusatzlicher finanzieller Anker. Mit der Einfuhrung des Alterseinkunftegesetzes im Jahre 2005 wurde die steuerliche Betrachtungsweise der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung neu geregelt. Auf Grundlage derer, entstand das Drei-Schichten-Modell. Das vorliegende Buch betrachtet die Erwerbsphase und auch die Rentenphase, mit zahlreichen Praxisbeispielen, innerhalb der gesetzlichen Vorsorgeschicht I - der Basisversorgung. Was das fur die Beitragsaufwendungen und die daraus resultierenden gesetzlichen Rentenleistungen bedeutet und warum die gesetzliche Rentenversicherung Grundlage fur viele Beratungen ist und bleibt, zeigt Ihnen das vorliegende Werk. Das Buch richtet sich dabei sowohl an Berater der Finanzbranche, als auch alle Interessierten, die tiefer in die Materie der Deutschen Rentenversicherung einsteigen moechten. Es bringt Klarheit in teils nebuloese Sachverhalte und verspricht anwendbare Antworten aus der Praxis. Der Leser erhalt ein verlassliches Kompendium, das umfassende und praktische Informationen bereithalt. Bringen Sie Licht ins Dunkel und beantworten Sie Ihre und komplexe Fragestellungen von Kunden souveran. Nutzen Sie den Mehrwert an Kompetenz und entdecken Sie neue Moeglichkeiten durch eine AEnderung der Perspektive. Die neuen Regelungen ab Juli 2014 (Mutterente, Rente ab 63 etc.) werden dabei berucksichtigt.

Traditionally, organizational risk managers focused on cost containment, aiming to attain the highest level of protection at the lowest possible cost. More recently, the growing embrace of enterprise risk management is prompting organizations to look at risk management as a source of value creation and competitive advantage. The leading enterprise risk management (ERM) frameworks - ISO 31000 and COSO - present compelling rationale but leave the "how-to" operational questions largely unanswered. Building on the idea of "risk profiling," Banasiewicz presents his vision for how the promise of ERM can be turned into an operational reality by thoughtfully leveraging quantitative & qualitative, numeric & text data. He outlines a step-by-step process for transforming readily available and informationally-rich, though not always well-utilized data into objective estimates of downside and upside risks. The overall focus of Risk Profiling of Organizations is on showing how otherwise diverse organizational exposures can be looked at as different parts of a single whole.