Since its early American inception in the mid 19th century, the Ph.D. has been the hallmark of American higher education. It has become the capstone for a multitude of disciplines and professional education, overshadowing other degree programs. Yet it has not been above controversy. Recent discussions of its purpose vis-a-vis teaching and professional endeavors have continued a long tradition of examining graduate education. This selective, annotated bibliography offers an entree to the Ph.D. phenomenon. Of interest to administrators, educators, and scholars, the volume covers the history, research, and evolution of the Ph.D. An introductory essay offers an historical overview and sets the degree within the context of contemporary research. The following chapters provide annotated entries on publications covering issues surrounding the Ph.D. Organized into four sections, the entries cover the controversies, critical studies, and purpose of the Ph.D. degree for science and technology, the social sciences, and the humanities disciplines. The entries introduce such topics as acculturation, completion rates, funding, requirements, and structure of the Ph.D.

A 2nd Edition of this incredibly popular revision guide, this portable-sized book is ideal for consolidating knowledge both at home for revision, and at school as a lesson-by-lesson summary as the course progresses. // AO1 Description on the left-hand page: content divided into six points for six AO1 marks in extended writing questions. // AO3 Evaluation is on the right-hand page: three AO3 points plus counterpoint and extra evaluation (discussion) point. // Exam practice questions, including AO2 application questions, are on every spread providing lots of practice. // Research studies have been simplified to help revise and recall the information. // Detailed exam advice section is included, with hints and tips offered throughout the book. // Lots of illustrations and the odd corny joke help make it very user-friendly! // It combines brilliantly with the 'Pink-hair Girl' 2nd Edition Flashbook as well as the original (and still completely relevant) Revision App.

Based on the author's experience, this discussion of psychology as a human science (rather than a natural science) outlines classroom techniques integrating narrative psychology and dynamic interpersonal psychotherapy as a means of teaching and demonstrating the core curriculum. The core theory integrates modern evolutionary psychology, cognitive constructivism--especially as represented by the works of Jean Piaget and Robert Kegan--social constructionism, and socially-oriented interpersonal psychoanalysis. The sections on teaching techniques blend the above into a theory of student-teacher interactions with Lev Vygotsky's theory of education as an interpersonal process.

The book is developed in four parts. Part I is a single chapter that discusses the inadequacy of the lecture method to teach courses in psychology; Part II, comprising of three chapters, lays the philosophical foundations of a postmodern view of psychology as a human science concerned with the phenomenological understanding of the development of human conscious experience and the adaptive process. Part III details the processes of cognitive, affective, and phenomenological change as developing individuals adapt to the physical, political, social, and cultural worlds that enfold around them. Part IV critiques traditional forms of education and describes a more individualized and humanized approach to teaching with its reliance on the student's written narratives. The final chapter is comprised entirely of fragments of student narratives that demonstrate the exciting outcomes of teaching human psychology in a humanistic fashion.

Public education can be one of the most powerful tools at the disposal of a government wanting to maintain power, as it is the realm in which children are taught the social values and norms that will sustain the culture when they become adults. In South Africa, education was kept separate, unequal, and decidedly undemocratic, and as Hlatshwayo explains, it was used specifically to preserve and perpetuate inequality. In a work designed for historians and education professionals alike, he examines the tumultuous and highly politicized history of South African education and evaluates the prospects for its hopefully nonracialized future. Hlatshwayo begins with a look at the socioeconomic and political structure (dating back as far as 1658) that allowed for South Africa's use of education as a tool of hegemony and follows this with a critical analysis of the educational system--its goals, objectives, organizational structure, and resistance thereto. Finally, drawing from the educational policy statements of the United Democratic Front (UDF) and the African National Congress (ANC), he proposes a democratic educational system for South Africa--something that, as he makes clear in this provocative and challenging work, has been an anathema for centuries to a government that had as its primary goal the subjugation of the majority of its citizens. Using an array of sociological and economic models, Hlatshwayo reveals the ways in which a society's educational system and its struggle toward freedom are inextricable.

This volume presents a rationale for a spiritually animated psychoanalysis. Classic world religious literature is analyzed in depth showing how Ecclesiastes, St. Augustine's Confessions, The Koran, the Bhagavad Gita, and others can enhance psychoanalysis. Marcus argues that psychoanalysis is a theory and profession in crisis, partly due to its alienation from the spiritual and moral philosophies contained in ancient religious wisdom. This volume presents the spiritual as a core dimension of the psyche, and the quest for self-transcendence--meeting the glory of the Infinite--as a quest inherent in the human condition.

Of special interest to those studying psychoanalysis, psychology, and religious studies, this volume may also intrigue those studying the philosophy of religion.

In the first full-length scholarly synthesis of the African American Churches of Christ, Edward J. Robinson provides a comprehensive look at the church’s improbable development against a backdrop of African American oppression. The journey begins with a lesser known preacher, F. F. Carson, in many ways a forerunner in the struggles and triumphs awaiting the preachers and lay people in the congregations to come. Robinson then builds on scholarship treating well-known figures, including Marshall Keeble and G. P. Bowser, to present a wide-ranging history of African American Churches of Christ from their beginnings—when enslaved people embraced the nascent Stone-Campbell Christian Movement even though founder Alexander Campbell himself favored slavery. The author moves on to examine how the churches grew under the leadership of S. R. Cassius, even as Jim Crow restrictions put extreme pressure on organizations of any kind among African Americans. Robinson's well-researched narrative treats not only the black male leaders of the church, but also women leaders, such as Annie C. Tuggle, as well as notable activities of the church, including music, education, and global evangelism, thus painting a complete picture of African American Churches of Christ. Through scholarship and compelling storytelling, Robinson tells the two-hundred-year tale of how "black believers survived and thrived on the discarded 'scraps' of America, forging their own identity, fashioning their own lofty ecclesiology and 'hard' theology, and creating their own papers, lectureships, liturgy, and congregations." A groundbreaking exploration by a seasoned scholar in American religion, Hard-Fighting Soldiers is sure to become the standard text for anyone researching the African American Churches of Christ.

Regional American food culture still exists and is strongest in more rural, homogenous areas of the country. Regional foods are a major component of regional identities, and Americans make a big to-do about their home-grown favorites. The current food cultures of the major American regions-northeast/New England, the Mid-Atlantic, the South, the West, the Midwest-and subregions are illuminated here like never before. Everyone knows something about the iconic fare of a region, such as Soul Food in the South and New England clam bakes, but with this resource readers are able to delve wider and deeper into how Americans from Alaska to Hawaii to the Amish country of the Midwest to the Eastern Seaboard sustain themselves and what their food lifestyles are today.

The unique regional food cultures that have developed according to natural resources and population are increasingly affected by social and economic trends. Increasingly mobile Americans generally have access to the same fast food and supermarket chain offerings, read the same mass market food magazines and watch the cable food shows, and younger generations may have less time to continue family food traditions such as baking the ethnic breads and desserts that their mothers did. "Regional American Food Culture" discusses the various traditions within the context of a new millennium. Narrative chapters describe the background of the regional food culture, what the primary foods are, how the food is cooked and by whom, what the typical meals are, how food is used in special occasions, and diet and health issues in the regions. A chronology, resource guide, selected bibliography, and illustrations complement the text.

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Havana's Instituto de Filosofia's First Biennial International Seminar on the Philosophical, Epistemological and Methodological Implications of Complexity Theory, was held in January 2002 in Havana, Cuba's capital city. The seminar was aimed at familiarizing Cuban researchers and professors in a more direct way with some of the current trends - and widespread scope - of the expanding field of complexity thinking, affording them the possibility of personal contacts with some of the people engaged in that effort. The seminar was attended by specialists from fifteen countries, ranging from Chile to Australia along the West-East axis, and from Norway to South Africa along the North-South one. There were participants from developed and underdeveloped countries. This book contains selected papers from the 'Complexity 2002' seminar, edited by Fritjof Capra (author of 'The Tao of Physics', 'The Web of Life: A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems' and 'The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living'), Alicia Juarrero (author of 'Dynamics in Action'), Pedro Sotolong, and Jacco van Uden (author of 'Complexity and Organization'). The papers have been organized in four parts: I. Sources of Complexity: Science and Information; II. Philosophical, Epistemological and Methodological implications; III. Organizational Implications; IV. Global and Ethical Implications. The papers in Part I can be said to approach the phenomenon of complexity at a very basic level. Here the issues being addressed revolve around the very fundamental question of why the complexity sciences are so important: What are the most fundamental lessons to be learned from studying complex systems? Papers included in Part II engage in a broader, philosophical investigation of some of the most general ontological, epistemological and methodological implications of the complexity approach, showing how very old questions are currently being reformulated and/or reinterpreted in the light of complexity thinking. Papers that appear in Part III address various important issues about the links between complexity and social, organizational, business and management questions. Finally, Papers in Part IV return once again to more global implications of Complexity thinking, this time dealing with Ethical and Globalization issues of contemporary world.

The nineteenth century has been referred to as the "Woman's Century," and it was a period of amazing change and progress for American women. There were great leaps forward in women's legal status, their entrance into higher education and the professions, and their roles in public life. In addition, approximately two million African American female slaves gained their freedom. Women's Roles in Nineteenth-Century America examines how economic, political, and social factors in the United States affected women's roles and how women themselves helped shape history. Each thematic chapter addresses ideas about women's proper roles as well as women's experiences of living in the nineteenth century. While the dominant ideas about appropriate gender roles originated from within the white Protestant and primarily middle-class culture, each chapter compares those ideas with the reality of different women's daily lives, integrating information on European American, African American, Native American, and immigrant women, and women of different socioeconomic and religious backgrounds and regions. Students and general readers will come away with a solid understanding of marriage and family life, the boundaries between home and public life, work, the intricacies of social and political reform, and new directions in religious and literary roles and the multicultural histories of the American West. Chapter 1, "Marriage and Family Life," looks at women's roles and relationships as daughters, wives, and mothers, as well as the roles of women who remained single, either by choice or circumstance. Slave marriages and interracial marriages are also discussed, as well as reformers' attacks on and attempts toprovide alternatives to traditional marriage. Chapter 2 on "Work" acknowledges women's unpaid work within the household economy as well as their entrance into the paid workforce beginning in the nineteenth century. Chapter 3, "Religion," explores women's roles in as churchgoers, reformers, missionaries, and preachers. Chapter 4 on "Education" examines a century that began with almost no women having access to formal education-and most black women denied any education all-and ended with women making up nearly half of all college graduates and in leading roles as teachers, college administrators, and even college presidents. Women had also made several "first" entrances into professions requiring advanced educations, such as medicine, the law, and the ministry. Chapter 5, "Politics and Reform," explains how women were consistently active in public life throughout the century. Chapter 6, "Slavery and Civil War," looks at the experience of enslaved women, their survival and resistance, as well as their first experiences of freedom during and after the Civil War. The chapter also explores the ways in which both black and white women participated in and were affected by the Civil War. Chapter 7 on "The West" discusses the process of relentless westward movement in the nineteenth century through the perspective of women, whether the thousands of pioneer women who traveled into and settled the west, or the native women who were confronted with and challenged by those settlements. Finally, Chapter 8, "Literature and the Arts," shows that while traditional studies of high culture have focused largely on a male canon of writers and artists, women in fact contributed to establishing an Americantradition of literature and the arts.

Fairy lore concerns beliefs about elves, dwarfs, gnomes, trolls, mermaids, brownies, pixies, leprechauns, and many other beings found in world folklore. While such beliefs stretch back to antiquity, they also appear throughout contemporary popular culture. Written for students and general readers and extensively illustrated, this book is an introduction to fairy lore from around the world. The first part of the handbook defines and classifies different types of fairies. It provides numerous examples of fairy lore along with excerpts from different traditions, then examines various approaches to the study of fairies. A final chapter looks at the presence of fairy lore in literature, art, film, and popular culture. The handbook closes with a glossary and a bibliography of print and electronic resources for student research.

A comprehensive examination of different forms of identity theft and its economic impact, including profiles of perpetrators and victims and coverage of current trends, security implications, prevention efforts, and legislative actions. What are the common forms of identity theft? Who are the most likely targets? What is law enforcement doing to counter a crime perpetrated not only by petty thieves and sophisticated con artists, but by terrorists, money-launderers, and those involved in human trafficking, drug trafficking, and illegal immigration? Identity Theft: A Reference Handbook examines these questions and more. With the 1998 Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act as its starting point, this informative volume begins by explaining the federal, state, and global definitions of identity theft and how the lack of a standardized approach masks the true pervasiveness of the problem. In addition to addressing the crime's perpetrators, methods, and victims, the book also looks at what individuals, businesses, and the government are doing—and should consider doing—to curb the growth of this crime.

Dieses Buch möchte allen Lehramtsstudierenden mit dem Fach Evangelische oder Katholische Theologie/Religionspädagogik einen gelingenden Einstieg und Übergang in das Studium ermöglichen. In anschaulichen Beiträgen zu allen relevanten Fachdisziplinen der Theologie und Humanwissenschaften werden die jeweils grundlegenden Strukturen und ihr Zusammenhang mit dem gemeinsamen Horizont eines religionspädagogisch ausgerichteten Theologiestudiums erörtert. Die Neuauflage wurde in allen Teilen überarbeitet und um Aufsätze zur Bedeutung von Religion in der Gesellschaft erweitert, darunter ein Beitrag von Bundes-lnnenminister W. Schäuble. Das Literaturverzeichnis wurde umfangreicher angelegt und eröffnet einen ersten Überblick zu wichtigen Themen im Hinblick auf wissenschaftliche Hausarbeiten oder die Prüfungsvorbereitung. Dieses Buch aus der religionspädagogischen Reihe Übergänge ist ein zuverlässiger, orientierender Begleiter in akademisch-theologischen Studiengängen mit pädagogischer Orientierung.

The International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE) found Japan guilty of deliberately promoting drug abuse as a weapon to further its imperialistic aims in Asia. This study provides the historical context behind the IMTFE's findings from the annexation of Taiwan in 1895 to the end of World War II. Given the extent to which drug use permeated the politics, economy, and culture of Asia, it was inevitable that Japan's rise as an imperial power would lead to contact with, and increasing involvement in, the opium and narcotics trade. This study argues that the nature of that involvement should be understood not simply in terms of a conspiracy to drug the people of Asia into submission, but rather as indicative of the general twists and turns of Japanese imperialism. Thus, opium and narcotics emerge not so much as a weapon of, but rather as a metaphor for, Japanese imperialism in Asia.

The need for outstanding university supervisors who balance the needs and interests of the student teacher, the university, and the K-12 school has never been greater. Teacher supervisors are the link between institutions of higher learning and public and private schools. This work is a practical guide for university supervisors that examines the supervisory process, the preparation necessary for supervision, the responsibilities of the university supervisor, the historical assumption underlying the supervisory role, and what research tells us about effective supervision.

This work also provides background information on topics such as discipline in the schools and curricular concerns, and summarizes research about what the supervisor needs to know on the philosophical, psychological, and sociological foundations of education. Practical suggestions and sound advice are provided on major questions and issues such as: What should I tell the cooperating teacher about writing final evaluations? What should I tell the student teacher about presenting incorrect information? What do I look for while observing the student teacher? How do I conduct an effective conference? How should I plan a seminar? University supervisors will gain a better understanding of their own role and responsibilities in working with student and cooperating teachers as well as an appreciation of the work of the cooperating teacher. Likewise, student and cooperating teachers will gain similar understandings.

Using Secondary Data in Marketing Research discusses thoroughly the use of secondary data in marketing research. It explains the underlying reasons why secondary data are less expensive than primary data, the technology associated with secondary data, how to evaluate the quality of secondary data, and how to locate secondary data. It also provides an encyclopedic listing of specific sources of secondary data, including a listing of sources of global/worldwide information to assist marketing decision making. An important resource for marketing professionals, academics, and graduate students of marketing.

The book begins with an overview that includes an international case in marketing. The following six chapters comprise the first part of the book, which delineates the advantages and disadvantages of secondary data, and reveals precisely how to evaluate their quality. These chapters identify differences between internal and external secondary data, including specific types of each. The second part begins with an overview that also includes an actual case in marketing. The following five chapters contain comprehensive listings of specific secondary data information sources, categorized according to the following: sources of information specific to marketing; global/worldwide information sources; sources of information regarding American Census Data; information sources about industries, corporations, and finances; and general business information sources.

When you're living a lie, can you trust anything?Ten years ago, Alexandra Quinlan was the prime suspect in the massacre of her entire family. Her face was on every television show and front page, and she was given a nickname by the media: Empty Eyes. Now, Alex Armstrong has reinvented herself and devotes herself to securing justice for others. But when Laura McAllister, a young student journalist, disappears just as she's about to break a major story about sexual assault and cover-ups on her college campus, Alex is drawn into a new case that will threaten the life she's built. As Alex digs into Laura's disappearance, she realises that there are unexpected connections to the murder of her own family. As different as the crimes may appear, they each hinge on one sinister truth: no one is quite who they seem to be… An explosive and unputdownable crime thriller you won't be able to put down. Perfect for fans of Harlan Coben, Mary Kubica and Karin Slaughter.

Since achieving independence from Great Britain in 1962, the East African country of Uganda has been ravaged by political turmoil and the more recent crisis of the AIDS epidemic, but is now in the process of rebuilding and democratizing. Culture and Customs of Uganda is a fascinating overview of the current state of Ugandan society, where largely rural ethnic groups are experiencing the pull of urban centers, while the changes brought about by Western influences bear on practically every aspect of people's lives. Examples from the main ethnic groups are used to explain traditional culture and adaptations to modern life in religion, gender roles, courtship and marriage, work, education, family life, ceremonies, the arts, media, and more. This is the essential reference source to turn to for solid insight into Uganda. The wealth of detail in the coverage of the subjects above plus the land, people, history, literature, architecture/housing, cuisine, dress, gender roles, social customs and lifestyle, provides readers with broad sense of the country and its inhabitants. The sensitive narrative conveys the nuances between old and new, urban and rural, elite and poor for each topic. In addition, the evolution of Ugandan peoples is superbly demonstrated. Highlights include a discussion of the ways in which adherents of world religions such as Christianity and Islam mix these with traditional African religious belief in spirits, diviners, and rainmakers. The book also explores patriarchy and the social and inheritance system that has hindered women's education and prospects and exposed them to HIV/AIDS. Finally, there is a celebration of the various forms of artistic expression, such asdrumming, ceremonial dance, and handicrafts, particularly ceramic pottery, that have won accolades, as well as a look at artists who excel in writing poetry, producing hip-hop, and painting batiks for popular consumption.