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Books > Humanities > Religion & beliefs > Non-Christian religions > Religions of Indic & Oriental origin > Hinduism
Contemporary debates on "mansplaining" foreground the authority
enjoyed by male speech, and highlight the way it projects listening
as the responsibility of the dominated, and speech as the privilege
of the dominant. What mansplaining denies systematically is the
right of women to speak and be heard as much as men. This book
excavates numerous instances of the authority of female speech from
Indian goddess traditions and relates them to the contemporary
gender debates, especially to the issues of mansplaining and
womansplaining. These traditions present a paradigm of female
speech that compels its male audience to reframe the configurations
of "masculinity." This tradition of authoritative female speech
forms a continuum, even though there are many points of disjuncture
as well as conjuncture between the Vedic, Upanishadic, puranic, and
tantric figurations of the Goddess as an authoritative speaker. The
book underlines the Goddess's role as the spiritual mentor of her
devotee, exemplified in the Devi Gitas, and re-situates the female
gurus in Hinduism within the traditions that find in Devi's speech
ultimate spiritual authority. Moreover, it explores whether the
figure of Devi as Womansplainer can encourage a more dialogic
structure of gender relations in today's world where female voices
are still often undervalued.
Many persons have written the Mantras, Stotras, Stuti, Chalisa and
Aarti in English but this is the first time that they have been
written in English rhyme. The Author, Munindra Misra has covered
the most popular Hindu Gods and Goddesses and thus made it easier
for people to comprehend the meaning and also appreciate the same
in rhyme. The Deities covered are Lord Ganesh, Lord Shiv, Lord
Vishnu, Lord Krishna, Lord Ram, Lord Hanuman, Lord Shani, Ma
Gayatri, Ma Durga, Ma Laxmi, Ma Mahakali, Ma Saraswati, Ma Ganga
and Ma Santoshi and others. A general understanding of each deity
has also been written by the author in English rhyme as a primer to
each Deity.
This excellent book represents one of the first and best
presentations of Eastern wisdom in the English language. It
concerns ancient Hindu traditions and the Yogic practice of
observing and regulating the breath. We begin with an admission
that Western students are often confused by what exactly Yoga is,
and what it is meant to accomplish. Stereotypes of the yogi as
spindly, dirty and disheveled men commonly seen sitting in fixed
posture at a roadside or marketplace abound. Yet these dismissive
images serve only to neglect the spiritual substance and ancient
wisdom of yogi science. Seeking to dispel the negative stereotypes
and present the vivid truth, Atkinson discusses the multiple
schools of yoga and their general purpose. Some emphasize control
over the body's motions, while others favor inner development of
the spirit. Several however emphasize the control of the breath;
and it a practical explanation of this that Atkinson relays in the
remaining fifteen chapters of this book.
Ren Gunon's Introduction to the Study of Hindu Doctrines can serve
as an introduction to all his later works-especially those which,
like Man and His Becoming according to the Vedanta, The Symbolism
of the Cross, The Multiple States of the Being, and Studies in
Hinduism, expound the more profound aspects of metaphysical
doctrines in greater detail. In Part I Guenon clears away certain
ingrained prejudices inherited from the 'Renaissance', with its
adulation of the Greco-Roman culture and its compensating
depreciation-both deliberate and instinctive-of other
civilizations. In Part II he establishes the fundamental
distinctions between various modes of thought and brings out the
real nature of metaphysical or universal knowledge-an understanding
of which is the first condition for the personal realization of
that 'Knowledge' which partakes of the Absolute. Words like
'religion', 'philosophy', 'symbolism', 'mysticism', and
'superstition', are here given a precise meaning. Part III presents
a more detailed examination of the Hindu doctrine and its
applications at different levels, leading up to the Vedanta, which
constitutes its metaphysical essence. Lastly, Part IV resumes the
task of clearing away current misconceptions, but is this time
concerned not with the West itself, but with distortions of the
Hindu doctrines that have arisen as a result of attempts to read
into them, or to graft onto them, modern Western conceptions. The
concluding chapter lays down the essential conditions for any
genuine understanding between East and West, which can only come
through the work of those who have attained, at least in some
degree, to the realization of 'wisdom uncreate'-that intellective,
suprarational knowledge called in the East jana, and in the West
gnosis.
The translator's idea of rendering the Upanishads into clear simple
English, accessible to Occidental readers, had its origin in a
visit paid to a Boston friend in 1909. The gentleman, then battling
with a fatal malady, took from his library shelf a translation of
the Upanishads and, opening it, expressed deep regret that the
obscure and unfamiliar form shut from him what he felt to be
profound and vital teaching. The desire to unlock the closed doors
of this ancient treasure house, awakened at that time, led to a
series of classes on the Upanishads at The Vedanta Centre of Boston
during its early days in St. Botolph Street. The translation and
commentary then given were trans-cribed and, after studious
revision, were published in the Centre's monthly magazine, "The
Message of the East," in 1913 and 1914.. Still further revision has
brought it to its present form.
Muthuraj Swamy provides a fresh perspective on the world religions
paradigm and 'interreligious dialogue'. By challenging the
assumption that 'world religions' operate as essential entities
separate from the lived experiences of practitioners, he shows that
interreligious dialogue is in turn problematic as it is built on
this very paradigm, and on the myth of religious conflict. Offering
a critique of the idea of 'dialogue' as it has been advanced by its
proponents such as religious leaders and theologians whose aims are
to promote inter-religious conversation and understanding, the
author argues that this approach is 'elitist' and that in reality,
people do not make sharp distinctions between religions, nor do
they separate political, economic, social and cultural beliefs and
practices from their religious traditions. Case studies from
villages in southern India explore how Hindu, Muslim and Christian
communities interact in numerous ways that break the neat
categories often used to describe each religion. Swamy argues that
those who promote dialogue are ostensibly attempting to overcome
the separate identities of religious practitioners through
understanding, but in fact, they re-enforce them by encouraging a
false sense of separation. The Problem with Interreligious
Dialogue: Plurality, Conflict and Elitism in Hindu-Christian-Muslim
Relations provides an innovative approach to a central issue
confronting Religious Studies, combining both theory and
ethnography.
Popular religion in village India is overwhelmingly dominated by
goddess worship. Goddesses can be nationally well-known like Durga
or Kali, or they can be an obscure deity who is only known in a
particular rural locale. The origins of a goddess can be both
ancient with many transitions or amalgamations with other cults
having occurred along the way and very recent. While some have
tribal origins, others sprout up overnight due to a vivid dream.
Inventing and Reinventing the Goddess: Contemporary Iterations of
Hindu Divinities on the Move looks at the nature of how and why
goddesses are invented and reinvented historically in India and how
social hierarchy, gender differences, and modernity play roles in
these emerging religious phenomena."
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