Read a free excerpt here! American engineers have done astounding things to bend the Mississippi River to their will: forcing one of its tributaries to flow uphill, transforming over a thousand miles of roiling currents into a placid staircase of water, and wresting the lower half of the river apart from its floodplain. American law has aided and abetted these feats. But despite our best efforts, so-called "natural disasters" continue to strike the Mississippi basin, as raging floodwaters decimate waterfront communities and abandoned towns literally crumble into the Gulf of Mexico. In some places, only the tombstones remain, leaning at odd angles as the underlying soil erodes away. Mississippi River Tragedies reveals that it is seductively deceptive-but horribly misleading-to call such catastrophes "natural." Authors Christine A. Klein and Sandra B. Zellmer present a sympathetic account of the human dreams, pride, and foibles that got us to this point, weaving together engaging historical narratives and accessible law stories drawn from actual courtroom dramas. The authors deftly uncover the larger story of how the law reflects and even amplifies our ambivalent attitude toward nature-simultaneously revering wild rivers and places for what they are, while working feverishly to change them into something else. Despite their sobering revelations, the authors' final message is one of hope. Although the acknowledgement of human responsibility for unnatural disasters can lead to blame, guilt, and liability, it can also prod us to confront the consequences of our actions, leading to a liberating sense of possibility and to the knowledge necessary to avoid future disasters.

Primarily written as course material on flood control and drainage engineering for advanced students of civil engineering, this third edition is thoroughly revised. It accommodates recent developments in remote sensing, information technology and GIS technology. New additional material deals with problems of flood forecasting, flood plain prioritization and flood hazard zoning, and engineering measures for flood control. Drainage improvement is tackled, with particular regard to salinity and coastal aquifer management from the ingress of sea water. The book includes design problem-solving and case studies, making it practical and applications-oriented. The subject matter will be of considerable interest to civil engineers, agricultural engineers, architects and town planners, as well as other government and non-government organizations

This reference book presents the theory and methodology to conduct a finite element assessment of concrete structures subjected to chemically induced volumetric expansion in general and alkali aggregate reaction in particular. It is limited to models developed by the author, and focuses on how to best address a simple question: if a structure suffers from AAR, how is its structural integrity jeopardized, and when would the reaction end. Subjects treated are: * Brief overview of AAR: nature of the chemical reactions, AAR in both dams and nuclear power plants, and how does it impact the mechanical properties of concrete. * Constitutive model for both the AAR expansion, and concrete nonlinearities (both smeared and discrete crack models). * Validation of the model along with a parametric study to assess what are the critical parameters in a study. * Selection of material properties for an AAR finite element simulation, followed by applications in dams and massive reinforced concrete structures. * Micro Model for improved understanding of the essence of the reaction, along with a newly proposed mathematical model for the kinetics of the reaction. * Review of relevant procedures to estimate the residual expansion of a structure suffering from AAR, along with a proposed approach to determine when the reaction will end. The book is extensively illustrated with numerous figures and provides guidance to engineers confronted with swelling in concrete infrastructures.

In the past thirty years, knowledge on flooding has greatly increased by moving away from purely hydrological and hydraulic science and opening up to other disciplines such as economics or human and geographical sciences. It is as part of this multidisciplinary approach that this book proposes a review of current knowledge on flood risk. It starts with the ever-increasing impact of flooding in order to conceptualize and understand the constituents of risk. Although risk knowledge in modeling methods or naturalist approaches remains essential, it is further developed by the fields of economics, human sciences, geography, environmental psychology and history. This integrated approach to flood risk contextualizes current conclusions on the eventual effects of climate change by showing that human factors are of paramount importance in understanding the process of "risk production".

The management of flood risk seems to be facing a daunting paradox. Despite increasingly effective risk knowledge tools and the efforts of international institutions to place risk reduction at the top of the agenda, the cost of disasters continues to increase. It is also increasingly difficult to avoid the urbanization or development of potential flood zones. The fundamental issue involves determining the conditions necessary for efficient prevention by focusing on adaptability to risk, which implies coping with the risk of flooding rather than directly fighting against it or simply ignoring it. This second volume of the Floods series of books explores existing policies and tools which mitigate the impact of flooding: the construction of protective structures, the reduction of vulnerability, land use planning, the improvement of crisis management, etc. The closing chapters focus on the question of adaptation through post-flood reconstruction, integrating disaster risk reduction measures, e.g. through resilient urbanism.

Effective coastal engineering is expensive, but it is not as costly as neglect or ineffective intervention. Good practice needs to be based on sound principles, but theoretical work and modelling also need to be well grounded in practice, which is continuously evolving. Conceptual and detailed design has been advanced by new industry publications since the publication of the second edition. This third edition provides a number of updates: the sections on wave overtopping have been updated to reflect changes brought in with the recently issued EurOtop II manual; a detailed worked example is given of the calculation of extreme wave conditions for design; additional examples have been included on the reliability of structures and probabilistic design; the method for tidal analysis and calculation of amplitudes and phases of harmonic constituents from water level time series has been introduced in a new appendix together with a worked example of harmonic analysis; and a real-life example is included of a design adapting to climate change. This book is especially useful as an information source for undergraduates and engineering MSc students specializing in coastal engineering and management. Readers require a good grounding in basic fluid mechanics or engineering hydraulics, and some familiarity with elementary statistical concepts.

Worldwide, urbanization has already reached unprecedented levels in the estuarine and coastal zone. This is particularly the case in the Asia Pacific region where mega-cities and mega-harbours have developed and are still growing. As a result environmental degradation is significant and growing. This book details how science can provide solutions so that economic and social developments can be ecologically sustainable. This book demonstrates the different solutions and pitfalls, successes and failures in a large number of ports and harbours in the Asia Pacific Region, and this will be based on science and aimed at management. Twelve sites are discussed in detail, integrating physics and biology. These are Tokyo Bay, the Pearl Estuary, Hong Kong, Shanghai and the Yangtze delta, Klang, Manila Bay, Jakarta Bay, Pearl Harbour, Ho Chi Minh City and the new harbour on the Thi Vai River, Bangkok and coastal waters of the upper Gulf of Thailand, Singapore and Darwin.

Applied Hydraulic Transients, 3rd Edition covers hydraulic transients in a comprehensive and systematic manner from introduction to advanced level and presents various methods of analysis for computer solution. The book is suitable as a textbook for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students as well as a reference for practicing engineers and researchers. The field of application of the book is very broad and diverse and covers areas such as hydroelectric projects, pumped storage schemes, water-supply systems, cooling-water systems, oil pipelines and industrial piping systems. A strong emphasis is given to practical applications: several case studies, problems of applied nature, and design criteria are included. This will help the design engineers and introduce the students to real-life projects. Up-to-date references are included at the end of each chapter.

This book covers the fundamentals of reservoir engineering in the recovery of hydrocarbons from underground reservoirs. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the topic, including discussion of recovery processes, material balance, fluid properties and fluid flow. It also contains details of multiphase flow, including pore-scale displacement processes and their impact on relative permeability, with a presentation of analytical solutions to multiphase flow equations. Created specifically to aid students through undergraduate and graduate courses, this book also includes exercises with worked solutions, and examples of previous exam papers for further guidance and practice.As part of the Imperial College Lectures in Petroleum Engineering, and based on a lecture series on the same topic, Reservoir Engineering provides the introductory information needed for students of the earth sciences, petroleum engineering, engineering and geoscience.

Practical Drainage is easy to read and presented in a non-technical style generously supported with helpful illustrations. There are three key messages in this book: water moves sideways only slowly through soil--leading to a detailed description of how drains work; the how-and-why of perched water table methods of construction; and sands are different from one another--they must be tested before use in turf root zones. These key messages are preceded by detailed descriptions of how water moves into soils and the effects of compaction on that movement. The final chapters give step-by-step guidelines for calculating drain spacings and depths, based on measurements of the hydraulic conductivity of the soil and its various layers. There are also chapters about how to measure hydraulic conductivity and how to design and install sub-soil drainage systems.

Modern design of berm breakwaters began about thirty years ago. However, to date, there has been a lack of a well-established, formal design methodology on berm breakwaters. The authors Dr Jentsje van der Meer and Sigurdur Sigurdarson combine over 40 years of collective experience working with breakwaters to put forward a design framework in Design and Construction of Berm Breakwaters; covering the science and design practices of berm breakwater structures. The original design consisted of mass armoured berms that reshaped into statically stable S-shaped slopes. The design was adopted in Iceland and eventually led to a development with more stable structures by using available rock sizes, large rock, and more rock gradings than just 'small rock (core)' and 'large rock (berm)'. This more stable and only partly reshaping structure is called the Icelandic-type berm breakwater.Written for researchers and practitioners, the volume consists of chapters on geometrical designs of the berm breakwater cross-section, including berm reshaping and wave overtopping, quarry and project management, as well as blasting and sorting techniques, designs for various wave conditions and available rock classes, and case studies of already constructed berm breakwaters.

Stochastic hydrology is an essential base of water resources systems analysis, due to the inherent randomness of the input, and consequently of the results. These results have to be incorporated in a decision-making process regarding the planning and management of water systems. It is through this application that stochastic hydrology finds its true meaning, otherwise it becomes merely an academic exercise. A set of well known specialists from both stochastic hydrology and water resources systems present a synthesis of the actual knowledge currently used in real-world planning and management. The book is intended for both practitioners and researchers who are willing to apply advanced approaches for incorporating hydrological randomness and uncertainty into the simulation and optimization of water resources systems.

An ideal resource for civil engineers working with offshore structures, pipelines, dredging, and coastal erosion, Seafloor Processes and Geotechnology bridges the gap between the standard soil mechanics curriculum of civil engineering and published material on marine geotechnology. Utilizing organized information on sediments and foundations for marine applications from a variety of sources, it provides practical reference information and approaches for analysis and design. This book provides an understanding of the processes and loadings affecting the sediment/water interface and the sediment column on the continental shelf and slope as well as the abyssal plains. It outlines the geological and geotechnical factors that should be considered in an investigation, and provides practicing professionals with the information they need to analyze potential environmental hazards and problems in marine foundations and slope stability. It covers geology, site investigation, drilling and sampling sediments, material properties, foundation design, slope stability, and more. Exploring marine geotechnology from a historical perspective, this book: Describes the development of marine geotechnology, the marine environment, and the geology of the seabed Discusses the various elements of a site investigation Explains how to investigate a site by remote sensing over the macro scale, probing to look at a more defined area, and drilling and sampling at the micro scale Looks at the physical, acoustic, and geochemical properties of marine sediments at the micro scale Focuses on slope stability and marine foundations Seafloor Processes and Geotechnology provides the background for in situ investigation, drilling, soil sampling, and laboratory testing technologies and serves as a complete handbook for engineers, geologists, as well as marine and environmental scientists.

Covers a variety materials, including hard materials, soft materials, metals, and composites Describes nanotechnology approaches, modern piezoelectric techniques, and physical and mechanical studies of the structure-sensitive properties of the materials Reviews advanced manufacturing for antenna applications and embroidered RFID tags for wearable applications Considers additive manufacturing of cellular solids and metal additive manufacturing Discusses advanced materials for sound absorption

Applies the principles of ergonomics in different facets of communication design such as pictograms, icons and logo design, product labelling, information system in space and visual ergonomics in simple map design. Chapter end with "key points", practice sections and exercises designed to help the reader to revise what they have learnt. Every concept is illustrated with examples from real life. No technical background or prior knowledge of ergonomics needed to understand this book. Anyone (even those from arts and humanities back ground) can read and understand this book with ease and apply them in real life.

This handbook represents a collection of previously published technical journal articles of the highest caliber originating from the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT). The collection will help promote and affirm the leading-edge technical publications that have emanated from AFIT, for the first time presented as a cohesive collection. In its over 100 years of existence, AFIT has produced the best technical minds for national defense and has contributed to the advancement of science and technology through technology transfer throughout the nation. This handbook fills the need to share the outputs of AFIT that can guide further advancement of technical areas that include cutting-edge technologies such as blockchain, machine learning, additive manufacturing, 5G technology, navigational tools, advanced materials, energy efficiency, predictive maintenance, the internet of things, data analytics, systems of systems, modeling & simulation, aerospace product development, virtual reality, resource optimization, and operations management. There is a limitless vector to how AFIT's technical contributions can impact the society. Handbook of Scholarly Publications from the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), Volume 1, 2000-2020, is a great reference for students, teachers, researchers, consultants, and practitioners in broad spheres of engineering, business, industry, academia, the military, and government.

The First Conference on Engineering Probability in Flood Defense was orga nized by the Department of Mathematics and Informatics of the Delft U niver sity of Technology and the Department of Industrial Engineering and Opera tions Research of the University of California at Berkeley, and was held on June 1,2 1995 in Delft. Groups at Berkeley and Delft were both deeply engaged in modeling deterioration in civil structures, particularly flood defense structures. The plans for the conference were well under way when the dramatic floods in The Netherlands and California in the winter of 1994-1995 focused world attention on these problems. The design of civil engineering structures and systems is essentially an example of decision making under uncertainty. Although the decision making part of the process is generally acknowledged, the uncertainty in variables and param eters in the design problem is less frequently recognized. In many practical design procedures the uncertainty is concealed behind sharp probabilistic de sign targets like 'once in a thousand years' combined with a standardized use of safety factors. The choice of these probabilistic design targets, however, is based on an assessment of the uncertainty of the variable under consideration, and on its assessed importance. The value of the safety factor is governed by similar considerations. Standard practice is simply accu ulated experience and engineering judgment. In light of the great number of civil engineering structures that function suc-. cessfully, one may say that this standard practice has proven itself broadly satisfactory."

Advances in Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development focuses on cutting-edge research areas including renewable energy and sustainable development. As a leader in the global megatrend of science and technology innovation, China has been creating an increasingly open environment for science and technology innovation, increasing the depth and breadth of academic cooperation, and building an innovation community that benefits all people. These efforts make a new contribution to globalization and the building of a community for a shared future. The proceedings feature the most cutting-edge research directions and achievements related to Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development. Subjects in the proceedings include: Hydraulic Engineering Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering Energy Engineering and Energy Technologies Green Manufacturing Energy Policy and Economics Energy Security and Clean Use Geothermal Energy

Due in part to a growing demand for offshore oil and gas exploration, the development of marine structures that initially started onshore is now moving into deeper offshore areas. Designers are discovering a need to revisit basic concepts as they anticipate the response behavior of marine structures to increased water depths. Providing a simplified approach to the subject, Advanced Marine Structures explains the fundamentals and advanced concepts of marine architecture introduces various types of offshore platforms, and outlines the different stages of marine structure analysis and design. Written from a structural engineering perspective, this book focuses on structures constructed for offshore oil and gas exploration, various environmental loads, ultimate load design, fluid-structure interaction, fatigue, and fracture. It also offers detailed descriptions of different types of structural forms, functions and limitations of offshore platforms and explains how different loads act on each. In addition, the text incorporates examples and application problems to illustrate the use of experimental, numerical, and analytical studies in the design and development of marine structures, and reviews relevant literature on wave interaction and porous cylinders. This book: Focuses on structural reliability Deliberates on fracture and fatigue and examines their application in marine structures Introduces ideas on the retrofit and renovation of marine structures Examines the strength analysis of offshore structures and structural members Advanced Marine Structures examines the design of offshore structures from a structural engineering perspective and explains the design methodologies and guidelines needed for the progressive conceptualization and design of advanced marine structures.

Coastal structures are an important component in any coastal protection scheme. They directly control wave and storm surge action or to stabilize a beach which provides protection to the coast.This book provides the most up-to-date technical advances on the design and construction of coastal structures and sea defenses.Written by renowned practicing coastal engineers, this edited volume focuses on the latest technology applied in planning, design and construction, effective engineering methodology, unique projects and problems, design and construction challenges, and other lesions learned.Many books have been written about the theoretical treatment of coastal and ocean structures. Much less has been written about the practical practice aspect of ocean structures and sea defenses. This comprehensive book fills the gap. It is an essential source of reference for professionals and researchers in the areas of coastal, ocean, civil, and geotechnical engineering.

Surface engineering is considered an important aspect in the reduction of friction and wear. This reference text discusses a wide range of surface engineering technologies along with applications in a comprehensive manner. The book describes various methods in surface engineering technology with a thorough explanation of various aspects of each process that comes under this domain. Apart from an enhanced explanation of the process and its attributes, this book also gives insight into the types of materials, applications, and optimization of surface engineering techniques. It discusses important topics including surface engineering of the functionality of graded materials, materials characterization, processing of biomaterials, design, surface modification technologies and process control, smart manufacturing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning applications. The book: discusses computational and simulation analyses for better selection of process parameters covers optimizations of processes with state-of-the-art technologies discusses applications of surface engineering in medical, agricultural, architecture engineering, and allied sectors covers processing techniques of biomaterials in surface engineering The text is useful for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers working in diverse areas such as industrial and production engineering, mechanical engineering, materials science, and manufacturing science. It covers a hybrid process for surface modification, modeling techniques, and issues in surface engineering.

This book presents decision support tools that can be used in the early design stage to analyze the feasibility of a product and its components for remanufacturing. It also covers how to design a product specifically for remanufacturing and offers supporting case studies. This is a comprehensive solutions guide for remanufacturing decision-making. The book illustrates an approach that can be used at the product End-of-Life (EOL) stage to generate optimized recovery plans for the returned products. Opportunities for Industry 4.0 to support remanufacturing along with case studies are included to showcase the decision-making tools. Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment for the Circular Economy: A Solutions Guide will be of interest to practitioners, business professionals, and researchers that work in the industrial and manufacturing sectors. Those involved with supply chain management and advanced technologies associated with Industry 4.0, sustainability, and integrated techniques of circular supply chains will also find this book very useful.

This volume provides an introduction for flood risk management practitioners, up-to-date methods for analysis of uncertainty and its use in risk-based decision making. It addresses decision making for both short term (real-time forecasting) and long term (flood risk planning under change) situations. It aims primarily at technical practitioners involved in flood risk analysis and flood warning, including hydrologists, engineers, flood modelers, risk analysts and those involved in the design and operation of flood warning systems. Many experienced practitioners are now expected to modify their way of working to fit into the new philosophy of flood risk management. This volume helps them to undertake that task with appropriate attention to the surrounding uncertainties. The book will also interest and benefit researchers and graduate students hoping to improve their knowledge of modern uncertainty analysis.

Dam engineering is currently experiencing a strong revival of labyrinth oriented weirs. Labyrinth weirs, with a repetitive constructional character and an increased specific discharge capacity, are a very good technical-economical compromise. The concept of Piano Key Weir (PKW), with alveoli developed in overhangs from a reduced support area, enables the installation of non-linear crests at the top of concrete dams. As a result it eliminates the main drawback of classical labyrinth weirs, and enables their use to rehabilitate numerous existing dams. Since the first implementation of piano key weirs by Electricite de France on Goulours dam (France) in 2006, at least eight PKWs have been built in France, Vietnam and Switzerland. Their operation over a few years has already provided the first prototype data. Other projects are under study, construction or planning in varied countries. On another hand, research programs are under progress all over the world. Following a first edition in 2011, Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs II - PKW 2013 collects up-to-date contributions from people with various backgrounds, from engineers and researchers to academics. Summarizing the last developments on labyrinth oriented weirs, the book constitutes the state-of-the-art in research and application of piano key weir solutions, and will be invaluable to professionals and scientists interested in Dams Engineering.

This book is the fifth volume of the proceedings of the 4th GeoShanghai International Conference that was held on May 27 - 30, 2018. This volume, entitled "Tunneling and Underground Construction", covers the recent advances and technologies in tunneling and underground structure engineering. It presents the state-of-the-art planning philosophy, theories, experiments, methodologies and findings in the related areas. The importance of underground space utilization to the development of human society is also addressed. The challenges and future directions of underground engineering are highlighted. The topics include but are not limited to the tunneling and underground construction induced ground deformation, mechanical behaviors of segmental lining systems, tunneling in challenging situations, maintenance tactic and emergency counter-measures. The book may benefit researchers and scientists from the academic fields of tunneling and underground structure engineering as well as practical engineers from the industry. Each of the papers included in this book received at least two positive peer reviews. The editors would like to express their sincerest appreciation to all of the anonymous reviewers all over the world, for their diligent work.