This book examines patent law and policy in biotechnology across the full lifecycle of the patent, focusing on the patent bargain and the public interest. It considers the central issues of how to strike an effective balance of rights, and whether public interest is adequately safeguarded - two issues that are particularly important in areas of rapidly emerging technology. Expert contributors are brought together to explore patent eligibility in biotechnology, focusing on the fields of precision medicine, biofabrication and non-invasive prenatal testing. Chapters also explore the construction and coherence of exceptions to patentability,an examination of FRAND licensing in the context of the internet of medical things, and the possibility of using licensing to encourage or ensure the ethical use of patented technologies. With its carefully constructed analysis, this book will be an excellent resource for academic researchers, and students, in the fields of biotechnology law, pharmaceutical law and intellectual property law. It will also be useful for legal practitioners and policymakers, as well as charitable bodies and non-governmental organisations.

This is the story of how private foreign enterprise in the form of Swedish Lloyd and Swedish America Line, who formed a British company called 'Hoverlloyd', galvanised the British Government in to supporting this new concept in transport through the formation of a British Rail subsidiary called 'Seaspeed'. It is a story, told by those who were there, of how young adventurous men and women, most of whom were in their twenties and early thirties, took on the exciting challenge of getting an operation, in which they all believed had a great future, off the ground. It tells of the difficulties and near disasters, through lack of experience, that nearly wrote off the industry in the early days; the clashes of cultures between the free enterprise and Government operations; and why, after so much early promise, the great adventure with the giant car and passenger carrying hovercraft came to an end. The story begins with the history of Saunders Roe and their involvement as a result of the discovery by Christopher Cockerell in 1953 that big weights could be supported on a cushion of low pressure air and that the concept could be practically applied. Much has already been written about Christopher Cockerell, later Sir Christopher, and the development of the hovercraft by Saunders Roe, as well as the hovercraft industry to the present day. Those relevant parts showing the frustrations and disappointments they too suffered are repeated in this book, together with new material that has come to light, to provide a comprehensive narrative of the hovercraft industry and the giant SR.N4 cross-Channel operations.

This is the story of how private foreign enterprise in the form of Swedish Lloyd and Swedish America Line, who formed a British company called 'Hoverlloyd', galvanised the British Government in to supporting this new concept in transport through the formation of a British Rail subsidiary called 'Seaspeed'. It is a story, told by those who were there, of how young adventurous men and women, most of whom were in their twenties and early thirties, took on the exciting challenge of getting an operation, in which they all believed had a great future, off the ground. It tells of the difficulties and near disasters, through lack of experience, that nearly wrote off the industry in the early days; the clashes of cultures between the free enterprise and Government operations; and why, after so much early promise, the great adventure with the giant car and passenger carrying hovercraft came to an end. The story begins with the history of Saunders Roe and their involvement as a result of the discovery by Christopher Cockerell in 1953 that big weights could be supported on a cushion of low pressure air and that the concept could be practically applied. Much has already been written about Christopher Cockerell, later Sir Christopher, and the development of the hovercraft by Saunders Roe, as well as the hovercraft industry to the present day. Those relevant parts showing the frustrations and disappointments they too suffered are repeated in this book, together with new material that has come to light, to provide a comprehensive narrative of the hovercraft industry and the giant SR.N4 cross-Channel operations.

This timely book discusses the application of the EU competition rules to pharmaceuticals, covering the prohibitions on anticompetitive agreements and abuse of dominance, and merger control. The author team comprises academic experts and private practitioners who analyse recent case law at both EU (and UK) and Member State levels - in the context of current issues and future trends, including those related to COVID-19 - and examine the impact of competition law on the behaviour of the pharmaceutical industry. The book carefully considers the balance between competition and innovation, as well as between competition and regulation. It concludes that competition and regulation are not alternatives, but complementary, and that novel ways of taking into account risk and real innovation through competition assessments have been developed. Integrating an overview of competition law, IP law and pharmaceutical regulation, this book will be an ideal read for scholars and graduate students, as well as private and public practitioners interested in pharmaceutical and European law.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Illuminating the global food system as a highly dynamic set of interconnecting interests and sub-systems that drives rapid technological, societal, and cultural change, this cutting-edge Research Agenda examines the pressing issues that confront food systems, and the emerging responses to them. Chapters from internationally renowned specialists address the pressing issues facing food systems, including the growing concentration and power of large agri-food corporations, the contribution of food production to climate breakdown, the exploitation of agricultural labour, food poverty, and the reconfiguration of animal bodies. Reviewing possible 'solutions' chapters then examine the potential for a digital agricultural revolution, the contribution of alternative proteins in dietary change, and the emergence of regionalized and regenerative food systems. The book concludes with a look towards hybrid foodscapes, exploring how design can help us to re-imagine our stake in food systems of the future. Interdisciplinary, holistic, and accessible in its approach, this innovative book will prove vital to students and scholars engaged in the study of food - from production to consumption - as well as those concerned with policymaking in the fields of public health and nutrition, food governance, sustainability, and environmental advocacy.

Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs, Third Edition provides an updated resource for students and researchers from the point-of-view of medicinal chemistry and drug design, focusing on the mechanism of action of antitumor drugs from the molecular level, and on the relationship between chemical structure and chemical and biochemical reactivity of antitumor agents. The new edition includes updated sections on the hot topic of cancer immunotherapy, cancer polypharmacology, multitargeted cancer therapy, medicinal chemistry of cancer diagnosis, theragnostic anticancer agents, and pre-mRNA processing in cancer. Although many books are available that deal with clinical aspects of cancer chemotherapy, this book provides a unique and valuable perspective from the point-of-view of medicinal chemistry and drug design. It will be useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students of medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, biological chemistry, pharmacy and other health sciences. Researchers and practitioners will find a comprehensive treatment of the topic and a large number of references, reviews and primary literature.

Biotechnology is a field that inspires complex legal and ethical debates on an international scale. Taking a fresh approach to the subject, Matthias Herdegen provides a comprehensive assessment of the regulation of biotechnology processes and products from an international and comparative perspective. Herdegen explores how regulatory approaches to controversial issues such as: stem cell research and cloning and gene therapy differ across jurisdictions due to conflicting values and risk perceptions. The book goes on to examine how international regulatory instruments aim to address these conflicting perspectives and provide judgments based on broad international consensus. Chapters explore the interaction between biotechnology and different fields of law including: human rights, intellectual property, trade law and environmental law. In doing so, a number of complex issues are raised such as the need to balance commercial interests with socio-cultural considerations and the need to ensure respect for human dignity in the pursuit of biomedical research. Providing a concise and accessible guide to a complex field of international law, this book will be of great value to those researching the law and regulation of biotechnology, biomedicine and biodiversity both within the EU and on an international scale. The book will also be a useful resource for practicing lawyers as it includes sources from a diverse range of legal systems and analyses relevant decisions by international adjudicatory bodies.

The foodservice industry is a fundamental part of the hospitality and tourism industries, and contributes to essential guest experiences and the meeting of guests' expectations of service excellence. It encompasses all operations involved in preparing and serving food and beverages to customers away from their homes. Understanding the fundamental components of foodservice management will enhance capabilities and ensure business success. Foodservice management: an African perspective offers an in-depth analysis of the integrated complexities of various types of food and beverage service organisation. Foodservice management: an African perspective provides an overview of the foodservice industry before addressing the organising and control functions, then progresses to the more strategic aspects. Foodservice management: an African perspective is aimed at students studying towards a qualification in the fields of hospitality, culinary, food and beverage or consumer sciences at either higher certificate, diploma or bachelor's level. This textbook is also suitable for courses in foodservice management at TVET colleges. Susina Jooste has over 20 years of experience in higher education and programme development for culinary and hospitality specialisation. She has previously been the owner and director of a private higher education institution which offered qualifications in hospitality and events management, and in hospitality education. She currently serves as research and development specialist at the NID Training NPC and is a director of the South African Culinary and Hospitality Educators Forum.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. This timely Research Agenda provides a state-of-the-art review of existing research on manufacturing, as well as highlighting key areas of study to advance the field. Expert contributors from across the globe analyse the central role of manufacturing industries in the global economy, considering it as a multi-scalar process and assessing the impact of climate change in necessitating the decarbonization of production processes. Chapters identify and explore disruptive innovations in production technologies, including additive manufacturing, and their implications for future research. The book further highlights megatrends in automotive, electronics and emerging industries, including small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, Asian electronics production networks, global production networks, and operations and supply chain management. It develops a framework for accessing corporate elites and for guiding the process of undertaking qualitative semi-structured interviews. This Research Agenda will be a critical collection for economic geography, urban studies, city and regional planning, and business and management studies scholars seeking a forward-looking approach to the topic. It will also be useful to policymakers and practitioners working in regional economic development and planning.

Medicines for Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Pharmacology of Chemo, Hormonal, Targeted, and Immunotherapies is a comprehensive volume covering most of the known anti-cancer therapeutics. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with its various forms resulting in nearly one out of every six mortalities each year. This book describes all US FDA-approved drugs (up to 2021), such as small molecules, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, whole antibodies, gene therapy, antibody-drug conjugates, and cell therapy, and immunotherapies are considered, and information about their generic and brand names, medical uses, details dosage, mechanisms of actions, pharmacokinetics, and side effects. Chemical structures of small molecules, small peptides, antibody-drug conjugates are also provided. Medicines for Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Pharmacology of Chemo, Hormonal, Targeted, and Immunotherapies is ideal for medicinal chemists, oncologists, and pharmacologists, this book will be indispensable for professional researchers, whether they are working in the clinic or the pharmaceutical industry.

"These case stories focus on an important event, mishap, management practice, or ethical question, and present important lessons to the reader. Their objective is to educate, inspire, motivate, challenge, and encourage food professionals to better understand food safety management and to help increase job effectiveness and productivity with ethics and integrity. Each case addresses its subject in terms of relevance and application to food safety and covers all types of risks (e.g., microbial, chemical, physical) associated with each step of the food chain. In an engaging format, the book provides an analysis of incidents or near misses. It highlights pitfalls in food safety management and provides key insight into the means of avoiding them. The book captures the real-life experience of food safety professionals around the world in very challenging situations, and invites the reader to reflect on and discuss the situations depicted. It is an essential reference for students and food professionals, including scientists, managers, trainers, food inspectors, public health officials, and more. Each of the 87 short cases includes a paragraph on "Discussion and key learnings", which will appeal equally to educators, students and working professionals in this field."

Nanoparticle therapeutics: Production Technologies, Types of Nanoparticles, and Regulatory Aspects employs unique principles for applications in cell-based therapeutics, diagnostics and mechanistics for the study of organ physiology, disease etiology and drug screening of advanced nanoparticles and nanomaterials. The book focuses on the extrapolation of bioengineering tools in the domain of nanotechnology and nanoparticles therapeutics, fabrication, characterization and drug delivery aspects. It acquaints scientists and researchers on the experiential and experimental aspects of nanoparticles and nanotechnology to equip their rational application in various fields, especially in differential diagnoses and in the treatment of diverse diseased states. This complete resource provides a holistic understanding of the principle behind formation, characterization, applications, regulations and toxicity of nanoparticles employing myriad principles of nanotechnology. Investigators, pharmaceutical researchers, and advanced students working on technology advancement in the areas of designing targeted therapies, nanoscale imaging systems and diagnostic modalities in human diseases where nanoparticles can be used as a critical tool for technology advancement in drug delivery systems will find this book useful.

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Considerations examines the history of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. The book provides a biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics approach to addressing issues in formulation development and ethical considerations in handling animals. Written by experts in the field, this volume within the Advances in Pharmaceutical Product Development and Research series deepens understanding of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics within drug discovery and drug development. Each chapter delves into a particular aspect of this fundamental field to cover the principles, methodologies and technologies employed by pharmaceutical scientists, researchers and pharmaceutical industries to study the chemical and physical properties of drugs and the biological effects they produce.

Blockchain has potential to revolutionize how manufacturers design, engineer, make and scale their products. Blockchain is gradually proving to be an effective "middleware" solution for enabling seamless interoperability within complex supply chains. Due to its technological nature, blockchain enables secure, transparent and fast data exchanges as well as allowing for the creation of immutable records databases The main advantage of Blockchain in Manufacturing Industries is product traceability, supply chain transparency, compliance monitoring, and auditability. Moreover, leveraging blockchain technology into a manufacturing enterprise can enhance its security and reduce the rates of systematic failures. So, blockchain is now used in various sectors of the manufacturing industry, such as automotive, aerospace, defense, pharmaceutical, consumer electronics, textile, food and beverages, and more. Hence, Blockchain should be seen as an investment in future-readiness and customer-centricity, not as an experimental technology - because, the evidence is overwhelming. This book will explore the strengths of Blockchain adaptation in Manufacturing Industries and Logistics Management, cover different use cases of Blockchain Technology for Manufacturing Industries and Logistics Management, and will discuss the role, impact and challenges of adopting Blockchain in Manufacturing industries and Logistics Management. The chapters will also provide the current open issues and future research trends of Blockchain, especially for Manufacturing Industries and Logistics, and will encapsulate quantitative and qualitative research for a wide spectrum of readers of the book.

Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry: Fundamentals, Methods, Applications and Synergy with Experimental Approaches provides a comprehensive overview of photoactive systems and photochemical processes. After an introduction to photochemistry, the book discusses the key computational chemistry methods applied to the study of light-induced processes over the past decade, and further outlines recent research topics to which these methods have been applied. By discussing the synergy between experimental and computational data, the book highlights how theoretical studies could facilitate understanding experimental findings. This helpful guide is for both theoretical chemists and experimental photochemistry researchers interested in utilizing computational photochemistry methods for their own work.

Advances in Epidemiological Modeling and Control of Viruses covers recent and advanced research works in the field of epidemiological modeling, with special emphasis on new strategies to control the occurrence and reoccurrence of viruses. The models included in this book can be used to study the dynamics of different viruses, searching for control measures, and epidemic models under various effects and environments. This book covers different models and methods of modeling, including data-driven approaches. The authors and editors are experienced researchers, and each chapter has been designed to provide readers with leading-edge information on topics discussed.

Mathematics for Physical Chemistry, Fifth Edition includes exercises that enable readers to test their understanding and put theory into practice. Chapters are constructed around a sequence of mathematical topics, progressing gradually into more advanced material, before discussing key mathematical skills, including the analysis of experimental data and-new to this edition-complex variables. Includes additional new content on Mathematica and its advanced applications. Drawing on the experience of its expert authors, this book is the ideal supplementary text for practicing chemists and students wanting to sharpen their mathematics skills and understanding of key mathematical concepts for applications across physical chemistry.

Evidence-Based Validation of Herbal Medicines: Translational Research on Botanicals brings together current thinking and practice in the characterization and validation of natural products. The book describes different approaches and techniques for evaluating the quality, safety and efficacy of herbal medicine, particularly methods to assess their activity and understand compounds responsible and their probable underlying mechanisms of action. This book brings together the views, expertise and experiences of scientific experts in the field of medicinal plant research, hence it will be useful for researcher who want to know more about the natural lead with their validation and also useful to exploit traditional medicines.

We may be standing at the precipice of a revolution in propulsion not seen since the internal combustion engine replaced the horse and buggy. The proliferation of electric cars will change the daily lives of motorists, boost some regional economies and hurt others, reduce oil insecurity but create new insecurities about raw materials, and impact urban air quality and climate change. If you want to understand how quickly the transition is likely to occur, and the factors shaping the pace of the transition, this book delivers with a candid, illuminating style. The invention of the lithium-ion battery and its adaptation to the auto sector set the stage for the exciting proliferation of electric cars, beginning with California and Norway. This book focuses on the period from the oil crises of the 1970s to the present, tracing the development of this entirely new industry and its critical supply chain. John Graham delves into the major societal concerns, economic rationales, governmental policies and corporate strategies. He emphasizes that consumer concerns slowed the pace of the transition while spurring more innovation and new policies to persuade reluctant consumers. And he explains why the transition is now occurring much faster in China and Europe than in Japan and the United States. More broadly, the book tells the story of many successes and failures in public policy, technological innovation and corporate strategy. This book provides an in-depth understanding of how people on every continent in the world are contributing to the new electric-vehicle industry, including the raw materials, battery components, electric motors and charging stations. Faculty, students and researchers will appreciate the integrated treatment of the technical, economic, political and international issues. For the practitioner in industry, government and civil society, the book is an engaging look at the roles of key decision makers and organizations, both those favoring electric cars and those opposed.

Presenting detailed analysis of the industrialization and commercialization of pharmaceutical patents in China, this timely book explores a range of related topics including a comparison of the ideal and existing state of the pharmaceutical market and patent industrialization. It argues that the core purpose of the industrialization of pharmaceutical patents is to promote the development of the local pharmaceutical industry whist also protecting society's right to safe and effective medication. Chapters examine the special application issues of patent law in relation to the field of pharmaceuticals, compare the Chinese and American legal systems and their approach to pharmaceutical patents, and provide in depth political and legal analysis of the industry. James Hou suggests methods by which the Chinese legal system can seek to improve its governance of pharmaceutical patents and balance the conflicts of interest arising between new drug developers, established drug manufacturers and the end users. Featuring comprehensive coverage of patents in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry, this book will be a key resource for scholars and students of commercial, pharmaceutical and intellectual property law, whilst also being of interest to industry talents discovering the potential of their own innovations.

Smart Polymeric Nano-Constructs in Drug Delivery: Concept, Design and Therapeutic Applications provides a thorough discussion of the most state of the art material and polymer exploitations for the delivery of bioactive(s) as well as their current and clinical status. The book enables researchers to prepare a variety of smart drug delivery systems to investigate their properties as well as to discover their uses and applications. The novelty of this approach addresses an existing need of exhaustively understanding the potential of the materials including polymeric drug delivery systems that are smartly designed to deliver bioactive(s) into the body at targeted sites without showing side effects. The book is helpful for those in the health sector, specifically those developing nanomedicine using smart material-based nano-delivery systems. Polymers have unique co-operative properties that are not found with low-molecular-weight compounds along with their appealing physical and chemical properties, constituting the root of their success in drug delivery. Smart Polymeric Nano-Constructs in Drug Delivery: Concept, Design and Therapeutic Applications discusses smart and stimuli responsive polymers applicable in drug delivery, followed detailed information about various concepts and designing of polymeric novel drug delivery systems for treatment of various type of diseases, also discussing patents related to the field. The book helps readers to design and develop novel drug delivery systems based on smart materials for the effective delivery of bioactive that take advantage of recent advances in smart polymer-based strategies. It is useful to those in pharmaceutical sciences and related fields in developing new drug delivery systems.

As technology advances, it is imperative to stay current in the newest developments made within the engineering industry and within material sciences. Trends in manufacturing such as 3D printing, casting, welding, surface modification, computer numerical control (CNC), non-traditional, Industry 4.0 ergonomics, and hybrid machining methods must be closely examined to utilize these important resources for the betterment of society. Advanced Manufacturing Techniques for Engineering and Engineered Materials provides a unified and complete overview about the recent and emerging trends, developments, and associated technology with scope for the commercialization of techniques specific to manufacturing materials. This book also reviews the various machining methods for difficult-to-cut materials and novel materials including matrix composites. Covering topics such as agro-waste, conventional machining, and material performance, this book is an essential resource for researchers, engineers, technologists, students and professors of higher education, industry workers, entrepreneurs, researchers, and academicians.