"The complexity and tensions of industrial innovation processes are fleshed out through the analysis of an intriguing case study from the food industry. Drawing together insights from multiple disciplines, this book shows the controversial nature of innovation processes."--

This book is about my experiences at a, now closed, General Motors metal casting plant in the Buffalo, New York area. It follows my journey from apprenticeship training in a skilled trade, to becoming a journeyman in the trade, to going back to school for my college degree, and finally being promoted to supervisor of a critical department in the plant.

When most people key the ignition switch or push the start button, they really do not have any idea what is involved in the engineering, technology, equipment, and human labor required to produce a motor vehicle. Heavy manufacturing, especially casting facilities, were and are dangerous places to work. I reluctantly have given the reader examples of several instances of human suffering which took place during my eighteen years of employment as well as many stories from within that GM plant.

For the better part of three decades I carried the material for this book with me and did nothing until our Government decided to bailout GM and Chrysler. At that point I dusted off the attache case and began this journey. You see, GM was not going to go out of business but going into bankruptcy would mean revamping retiree pay and medical benefits for the UAW and that was not going to happen. Six decades of questionable management and union relations at the corporate and plant levels had finally caught up with them.

This study was motivated by an awareness of the ever-growing importance of technology on productivity and power in the information age. It examines the relationship among national security, economic competition, and technology. An underlying premise is that in an era of diminished military confrontation, economic and technological power are acquiring enhanced importance in national security considerations. Green believes that this is bound to promote closer coordination between government and private industry, but not without tensions. Using both a public policy and an economic focus, his work seeks to clarify the debate on high technology industrial policy and to address the policy question of whether and how government should respond to competitive assaults in strategic industries.

Statistics is a key characteristic that assists a wide variety of professions including business, government, and factual sciences. Companies need data calculation to make informed decisions that help maintain their relevance. Design of experiments (DOE) is a set of active techniques that provides a more efficient approach for industries to test their processes and form effective conclusions. Experimental design can be implemented into multiple professions, and it is a necessity to promote applicable research on this up-and-coming method. Design of Experiments for Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Industrial Applications is a pivotal reference source that seeks to increase the use of design of experiments to optimize and improve analytical methods and productive processes in order to use less resources and time. While highlighting topics such as multivariate methods, factorial experiments, and pharmaceutical research, this publication is ideally designed for industrial designers, research scientists, chemical engineers, managers, academicians, and students seeking current research on advanced and multivariate statistics.

Managing the Drug Discovery Process: How to Make It More Efficient and Cost-Effective thoroughly examines the current state of pharmaceutical research and development by providing chemistry-based perspectives on biomedical research, drug hunting and innovation. The book also considers the interplay of stakeholders, consumers, and the drug firm with attendant factors, including those that are technical, legal, economic, demographic, political, social, ecological, and infrastructural. Since drug research can be a high-risk, high-payoff industry, it is important to researchers to effectively and strategically manage the drug discovery process. This book takes a closer look at increasing pre-approval costs for new drugs and examines not only why these increases occur, but also how they can be overcome to ensure a robust pharmacoeconomic future. Written in an engaging manner and including memorable insights, this book is aimed at redirecting the drug discovery process to make it more efficient and cost-effective in order to achieve the goal of saving countless more lives through science. A valuable and compelling resource, this is a must-read for all students and researchers in academia and the pharmaceutical industry.

The first and second editions of Food Microbiology and Hygiene are established reference texts for the food industry, giving practical information on food microbiology, hygiene, quality assurance and factory design. This third edition has been revised and updated to include the latest developments concerning HACCP, food legislation and modern methods of microbial examination. The book is designed for microbiologists working in the food industry, quality assurance personnel and academic researchers.

Written in the context of contemporary theoretical debate in international political economy,The text argues that state policy proces ses, this text overturns a number of myths about the political economy of trade in one of the oldest areas of industry. It systematically links the changing characteristics of the trade regime to structural change and adjustment in global industry. International regimes and the industrial adjustment strategies of firms must be conceptualized as integrated processes of governance cutting across levels of analysis in the global political economy.

Today, most people use prescription medications. Every year, the multi-billion dollar pharmaceutical industry produces new medicines that treat everything from arthritis to AIDS, from high cholesterol to depression. But, despite recent controversies regarding the safety of drugs, consumers know little about the medications that they ingest and inject. How are these new medicines invented? How do consumers know that drugs are safe and effective? How are they tested? Who regulates their production - and who watches the regulators? How do drug companies produce the vast quantities needed for the marketplace, and why do they market their drugs as they do? The New Medicines leads the reader through the maze of the modern drug industry - from bench to bedside - and provides consumers with a step-by-step understanding of how new medicines are created, approved, marketed, and sold. In addition to explaining how drugs reach the medicine cabinet, the author - an experienced researcher and teacher - provides the scientific and business background for understanding the current controversial issues surrounding new medicines, such as:

• The rise and fall of the COX-2 inhibitors, Vioxx and Celebrex, and the process by which they were invented, approved, and re-evaluated.
• The saga of the cancer drug Erbitux and its creator, the company Imclone, made famous as the centerpiece of the Martha Stewart insider-trading scandal
• The strengths and weaknesses of the approval process of the Food and Drug Administration
• The controversial new marketing techniques of the pharmaceutical industry

As governments seek to mitigate the cost of state-subsidized healthcare, branding in the pharmaceutical industry has become a critical issue. Drugs companies must change their methods of communication and distribution--focusing more on their direct relationship with the consumer. This requires fundamental changes in consumer behavior, access to information, freedom of choice, and value for money. Brands and brand values will play a leading role in this process, as has been seen with products such as Prozac and Viagra. This book by Interbrand Newell and Sorrell, the world's leading branding consultancy, provides cutting-edge thinking on this area and lessons for anyone involved in brand development and management.

Food Safety and Quality Systems in Developing Countries, Volume One: Export Challenges and Implementation Strategies considers both the theoretical and practical aspects of food safety and quality systems implementation by major world markets and new and emerging markets in developing countries. This reference examines issues facing exporters and importers of traditional foods the characteristics of the food and its distribution channels, and market access from a historical and current context to present best practices. This must-have reference offers real-life, practical approaches for foods from around the world, offering help to those who have found it difficult to implement sustainable, certifiable food safety and quality systems into their businesses and provides scientifically sound solutions to support their implementation.

This study of a specific industry's survival and growth in three countries is a useful resource for research on industrial development in 19th century Europe. Presenting the history of three major cutlery districts in Western Europe during the 19th century - Sheffield in England, Bergische land (Solingen and Remscheid) in Germany, and Eskilstuna in Sweden - the author focuses on each region's industrial development in relation to its socio-cultural context. This work challenges the flexible specialisation thesis often used to explain the seeming persistence of small-scale and decentralised production within the cutlery industry since the 19th century, and argues that growing businesses had to develop competitive strategies for control over important resources.

"The Real Thing: Coke's Bumpy Ride through India", is a non-fiction real life story of the Atlanta-based The Coca Cola Company's long troubled business journey, partly its own making and partly because of its wrong assessment of India's regulatory system and administrative framework. The content combines a painstaking research by the author into various aspects of the company's operations over a period of time and his insider's knowledge with a reporter's detachment. The chapters are constructed brick by brick to chronicle the company's and brand Coca-Cola's business moves in the sub-continent, following more of a hybrid than purely global or local standard. Entering India in 1991 after a 14-year exile, Coke's subsequent policies and practices have been mired in controversy. The pesticides in colas, the closure of the company's Kerala plant following its expose as a groundwater guzzler, and the company's constant fight with environmentalists, social activists and the government provided the impetus for writing this book. Having tracked Coke for over two decades, Nantoo Banerjee's book provides, possibly for the first time in India, a well-researched look into the operation of a major multinational - its managerial practices, especially some of the critical moves and decisions taken by its senior executives in Atlanta, Tokyo, Hong Kong and New Delhi, internal intrigue, customer care policies, external pressures and ruthless ambition. The book is brilliantly bold and lives up to the author's reputation as one of the country's best-known investigative business journalists.

Expectations drive our lives and actions. Our interpretation of the scene out in front governs whether or not we eat and whether or not we patronize a store or restaurant. The activity of the moment is pursued not only for duty or immediate pleasure but also with the dread, excitement, or merely boredom that lies ahead. The stimulus provided by the total appearance of the object or scene engenders expectations of the outcome of our involvement with the object or event.

Throughout the food chain, expectations are at the heart of quality judgements and price. On entering a restaurant or pub we may subconsciously judge qualities such as cleanliness, comfort, privacy, and quality. A major part of these judgements are responses to the visual properties of the space.

This book tackles expectations and how they arise, expectations associated with strangers involved in the food industry, with the business faAade, advertisement and packaging, as well as expectations engendered in store and restaurant and from the food itself. This holistic approach has been taken because total appearance images and expectations are critical in separate and interlinking ways to all aspects of food research, development, production, marketing, sales and preparation, as well as consumption. Above all, they are critical to each individual customer whether they are in the kitchen, store, restaurant or pub.

This book seeks to help those in all areas of industry who contribute to the visual stimulus experienced by the customer. These include architects, store designers, and food producers, whether they be banquet chef or manufacturer, as well as those in advertising and packaging or having responsibilityfor training customer contact staff. It will also serve as a text for students and graduates of food science, marketing in its widest sense, retailing, and those concerned with food and its presentation.

Although this book is directed at members of the food industry, the philosophy, approach, and interpretation apply to all industries and service sectors that depend on a person's visual appraisal of an object, scene, or situation.

Although mercers have long been recognised as one of the most influential trades in medieval London, this is the first book to offer a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the trade from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. The variety of mercery goods (linen, silk, worsted and small manufactured items including what is now called haberdashery) gave the mercers of London an edge over all competitors. The sources and production of all these commodities is traced throughout the period covered. It was as the major importers and distributors of linen in England that London mercers were able to take control of the Merchant Adventurers and the export of English cloth to the Low Countries. The development of the Adventurers' Company and its domination by London mercers is described from its first privileges of 1296 to after the fall of Antwerp. This book investigates the earliest itinerant mercers and the artisans who made and sold mercery goods (such as the silkwomen of London, so often mercers' wives), and their origins in counties like Norfolk, the source of linen and worsted. These diverse traders were united by the neighbourhood of the London Mercery on Cheapside and by their need for the privileges of the freedom of London. Extensive use of Netherlandish and French sources puts the London Mercery into the context of European Trade, and literary texts add a more personal image of the merchant and his preoccupation with his social status which rose from that of the despised pedlar to the advisor of princes. After a slow start, the Mercers' Company came to include some of the wealthiest and most powerful men of London and administer a wide range of charitable estates such as that of Richard Whittington. The story of how they survived the vicissitudes inflicted by the wars and religious changes of the sixteenth century concludes this fascinating and wide-ranging study.

1 Markets, Sources, and the Marketing System.- 1. The United States Market for Food.- 2. The United States Market for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables.- 3. Sources of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables.- 4. Major Sources of Supply: California, Florida, and Mexico.- 5. The Marketing System and Firms Involved: An Overview.- 6. Marketing Systems for Three Major Fruits and Vegetables: Oranges, Apples, and Tomatoes.- 2 The Marketing Environment.- 7. Market Information: Agricultural Statistics, Grading and Inspection, Market News, and Other Information Sources.- 8. Market Prices and Price Analysis.- 9. Trade Practices, Credit Ratings, and Regulation of Trading (Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act).- 10. Cooperative Marketing.- 11. Marketing Orders.- 12. Pesticide Use and Food Safety.- 13. Nutritional Quality and Nutrition Marketing.- 14. Generic, Brand, and Private Label Advertising and Promotion.- 3 Marketing Operations and Firms.- 15. International Trade.- 16. Shipping Point Operations and Firms.- 17. Long Distance Transportation.- 18. Wholesaling at Destination and Terminal Market Facilities.- 19. Food Retailers and Retailing.- 20. The Foodservice Industry.- 21. Direct Marketing by Farmers to Consumers.- 4 Epilogue.- 22. Future Prospects.

With the fall of the Soviet Union, the political environment in Europe has changed dramatically, and security requirements for NATO countries have undergone a radical transformation. Yet, as illustrated by the recent bombing of Kosovo, restructuring of the defense industrial sectors in Europe lags behind the United States. The most egregious example is the armored vehicle sector, particularly in Britain, Germany, and France. Identifying five conditions necessary for restructuring the armored vehicle industry, this book looks at the absence or presence of these economic conditions in each of these countries and analyzes the impact on the armored vehicle industry.

Comparing these countries to the United States, where the armored vehicle industry has restructured as fully and as ruthlessly as the defense aerospace and electronic industries, the author shows private ownership, flexible capital and labor markets, a profitable scale of production, a lack of commercial diversification, and an active state defense industrial policy to be necessary prerequisites. All five factors exist in the United States, whereas two or more are missing in the European countries, retarding development of this industry.

Wine tourism is a rapidly growing field of industry and academic interest with changes in the consumer markets in recent years, showing an enormous interest in 'experiential' travel. Wine Tourism Around the World is therefore an invaluable text for both students and practitioners alike and provides:
* The first comprehensive introduction to wine tourism from a business, social science and policy perspective
* An international perspective on wine tourism and includes detailed examples from Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Hungary, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, UK and the USA
* Detailed information on the growth and development of wine tourism from both supply, demand, marketing and management perspectives

Academic researchers and students in tourism and hospitality fields, as well as anyone connected with the wine industry, will find this book an essential guide to understanding the global impacts of wine tourism and the consequent economic, social and environmental impacts and opportunities.
C.Michael Hall is based at the University of Otago in New Zealand and is Visiting Professor in the School of Leisure and Food Management, Sheffield Hallam University. He has written widely on wine, food and rural tourism and has a major interest in cool-climate wine tourism.
Liz Sharples is a lecturer in the School of Leisure and Food Management, Sheffield Hallam University. She has extensive practical and academic experience in the hospitality industry and has major research interests in the interrelationships between cuisine, tourism and rural production.
Brock Cambourne is the owner/operator of multiple tourism award winning National CapitalWine Tours and principal of Benchmark Tourism Consulting. He has researched and published extensively on wine and culinary tourism and is a member of the Australian National Wine Tourism Working Party.
Niki Macionis is a lecturer at the University of Canberra's Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism. Her graduate studies focussed on the development of wine tourism and she has researched and published extensively on wine and culinary tourism.
the first comprehensive introduction to wine tourism from a business and social science perspective
an international perspective on wine tourism including examples from around the world
detailed examination of the growth and development of wine tourism from both supply and demand perspectives

MNEs setting up subsidiaries in emerging markets face the ongoing question to what extent they can transfer their home-grown or global organizational models. This book looks at how the cross-border transfer of production models in MNEs is related to strategic choices of firms and different kinds of contextual differences between countries.

A number of recent books, magazines, and television programs have emerged that promise to take viewers inside the exciting world of professional chefs. While media suggest that the occupation is undergoing a transformation, one thing remains clear: being a chef is a decidedly male-dominated job. Over the past six years, the prestigious James Beard Foundation has presented 84 awards for excellence as a chef, but only 19 were given to women. Likewise, Food and Wine magazine has recognized the talent of 110 chefs on its annual "Best New Chef" list since 2000, and to date, only 16 women have been included. How is it that women - the gender most associated with cooking - have lagged behind men in this occupation? Taking the Heat examines how the world of professional chefs is gendered, what conditions have led to this gender segregation, and how women chefs feel about their work in relation to men. Tracing the historical evolution of the profession and analyzing over two thousand examples of chef profiles and restaurant reviews, as well as in-depth interviews with thirty-three women chefs, Deborah Harris and Patti Giuffre reveal a great irony between the present realities of the culinary profession and the traditional, cultural associations of cooking and gender. Since occupations filled with women are often culturally and economically devalued, male members exclude women to enhance the job's legitimacy. For women chefs, these professional obstacles and other challenges, such as how to balance work and family, ultimately push some of the women out of the career. Although female chefs may be outsiders in many professional kitchens, the participants in Taking the Heat recount advantages that women chefs offer their workplaces and strengths that Harris and Giuffre argue can help offer women chefs - and women in other male-dominated occupations - opportunities for greater representation within their fields.

Building Biotechnology helps readers start and manage biotechnology companies and understand the business of biotechnology. This acclaimed book describes the convergence of scientific, policy, regulatory, and commercial factors that drive the biotechnology industry and define its scope. In addition to its popularity among business professionals and scientists seeking to apply their skills to biotechnology, Building Biotechnology has also been adopted as a course text in dozens of advanced biotechnology programs. This fourth edition significantly expands upon the foundation laid by the first three, updating case law and business models in this dynamic industry and adding significantly more case studies, informative figures and tables. Most importantly, Building Biotechnology enables seasoned business professionals and entrepreneurial scientists alike to understand the drivers of biotechnology businesses and apply their established skills for commercial success.