This book deals with two fundamental issues in the semiotics of the image. The first is the relationship between image and observer: how does one look at an image? To answer this question, this book sets out to transpose the theory of enunciation formulated in linguistics over to the visual field. It also aims to clarify the gains made in contemporary visual semiotics relative to the semiology of Roland Barthes and Emile Benveniste. The second issue addressed is the relation between the forces, forms and materiality of the images. How do different physical mediums (pictorial, photographic and digital) influence visual forms? How does materiality affect the generativity of forms? On the forces within the images, the book addresses the philosophical thought of Gilles Deleuze and Rene Thom as well as the experiment of Aby Warburg's Atlas Mnemosyne. The theories discussed in the book are tested on a variety of corpora for analysis, including both paintings and photographs, taken from traditional as well as contemporary sources in a variety of social sectors (arts and sciences). Finally, semiotic methodology is contrasted with the computational analysis of large collections of images (Big Data), such as the "Media Visualization" analyses proposed by Lev Manovich and Cultural Analytics in the field of Computer Science to evaluate the impact of automatic analysis of visual forms on Digital Art History and more generally on the image sciences.

"The Classical Theory of Integral Equations" is a thorough, concise, and rigorous treatment of the essential aspects of the theory of integral equations. The book provides the background and insight necessary to facilitate a complete understanding of the fundamental results in the field. With a firm foundation for the theory in their grasp, students will be well prepared and motivated for further study.

Included in the presentation are:

A section entitled "Tools of the Trade" at the beginning of each chapter, providing necessary background information for comprehension of the results presented in that chapter;

Thorough discussions of the analytical methods used to solve many types of integral equations;

An introduction to the numerical methods that are commonly used to produce approximate solutions to integral equations;

Over 80 illustrative examples that are explained in meticulous detail;
Nearly 300 exercises specifically constructed to enhance the understanding of both routine and challenging concepts;
"Guides to Computation" to assist the student with particularly complicated algorithmic procedures.

This unique textbook offers a comprehensive and balanced treatment of material needed for a general understanding of the theory of integral equations by using only the mathematical background that a typical undergraduate senior should have. The self-contained book will serve as a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate-level students as well as for independent study. Scientists and engineers who are working in the field will also find this text to be user friendly and informative.

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A unique, practical guide for industry professionals who need to improve product quality and reliability in repairable systems

Owing to its vital role in product quality, reliability has been intensely studied in recent decades. Most of this research, however, addresses systems that are nonrepairable and therefore discarded upon failure. Statistical Methods for the Reliability of Repairable Systems fills the gap in the field, focusing exclusively on an important yet long-neglected area of reliability. Written by two highly recognized members of the reliability and statistics community, this new work offers a unique, systematic treatment of probabilistic models used for repairable systems as well as the statistical methods for analyzing data generated from them.

Liberally supplemented with examples as well as exercises boasting real data, the book clearly explains the difference between repairable and nonrepairable systems and helps readers develop an understanding of stochastic point processes. Data analysis methods are discussed for both single and multiple systems and include graphical methods, point estimation, interval estimation, hypothesis tests, goodness-of-fit tests, and reliability prediction. Complete with extensive graphs, tables, and references, Statistical Methods for the Reliability of Repairable Systems is an excellent working resource for industry professionals involved in producing reliable systems and a handy reference for practitioners and researchers in the field.

This book combines the enlarged and corrected editions of both volumes on classical physics stemming from Thirrings famous course. The treatment of classical dynamical systems uses analysis on manifolds to provide the mathematical setting for discussions of Hamiltonian systems, canonical transformations, constants of motion, and perturbation theory. Problems discussed include: nonrelativistic motion of particles and systems, relativistic motion in electromagnetic and gravitational fields, and the structure of black holes. The treatment of classical fields uses the language of differential geometry, treating both Maxwells and Einsteins equations in a compact and clear fashion. The book includes discussions of the electromagnetic field due to known charge distributions and in the presence of conductors, as well as a new section on gauge theories. It discusses the solutions of the Einstein equations for maximally symmetric spaces and spaces with maximally symmetric submanifolds, and concludes by applying these results to the life and death of stars. Numerous examples and accompanying remarks make this an ideal textbook.

Mathematics in Medicine and the Life Sciences grew from lectures given by the authors at New York University, the University of Utah, and Michigan State University. The material is written for students who have had but one term of calculus, but it contains material that can be used in modeling courses in applied mathematics at all levels through early graduate courses. Numerous exercises are given as well, and solutions to selected exercises are included. Numerous illustrations depict physiological processes, population biology phenomena, models of them, and the results of computer simulations. Mathematical models and methods are becoming increasingly important in medicine and the life sciences. This book provides an introduction to a wide diversity of problems ranging from population phenomena to demographics, genetics, epidemics and dispersal; in physiological processes, including the circulation, gas exchange in the lungs, control of cell volume, the renal counter-current multiplier mechanism, and muscle mechanics; to mechanisms of neural control. Each chapter is graded in difficulty, so a reading of the first parts of each provides an elementary introduction to the processes and their models. Materials that deal with the same topics but in greater depth are included later. Finally, exercises and some solutions are given to test the reader on important parts of the material in teh text, or to lead the reader to the discovery of interesting extensions of that material.

The book is the first book on complex matrix equations including the conjugate of unknown matrices. The study of these conjugate matrix equations is motivated by the investigations on stabilization and model reference tracking control for discrete-time antilinear systems, which are a particular kind of complex system with structure constraints. It proposes useful approaches to obtain iterative solutions or explicit solutions for several types of complex conjugate matrix equation. It observes that there are some significant differences between the real/complex matrix equations and the complex conjugate matrix equations. For example, the solvability of a real Sylvester matrix equation can be characterized by matrix similarity; however, the solvability of the con-Sylvester matrix equation in complex conjugate form is related to the concept of con-similarity. In addition, the new concept of conjugate product for complex polynomial matrices is also proposed in order to establish a unified approach for solving a type of complex matrix equation.

This book contains state-of-the-art contributions in the field of evolutionary and deterministic methods for design, optimization and control in engineering and sciences. Specialists have written each of the 34 chapters as extended versions of selected papers presented at the International Conference on Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control with Applications to Industrial and Societal Problems (EUROGEN 2013). The conference was one of the Thematic Conferences of the European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS). Topics treated in the various chapters are classified in the following sections: theoretical and numerical methods and tools for optimization (theoretical methods and tools; numerical methods and tools) and engineering design and societal applications (turbo machinery; structures, materials and civil engineering; aeronautics and astronautics; societal applications; electrical and electronics applications), focused particularly on intelligent systems for multidisciplinary design optimization (mdo) problems based on multi-hybridized software, adjoint-based and one-shot methods, uncertainty quantification and optimization, multidisciplinary design optimization, applications of game theory to industrial optimization problems, applications in structural and civil engineering optimum design and surrogate models based optimization methods in aerodynamic design.

This textbook provides an introduction to dynamic modeling in cell biology, emphasizing computational approaches based on realistic molecular mechanisms. It is designed to introduce cell biology and neuroscience students to computational modeling, and applied mathematics students, theoretical biologists, and engineers to many of the problems in dynamical cell biology. This volume was conceived of and begun by Professor Joel Keizer based on his many years of teaching and research together with his colleagues. The project was expanded and finished by his students and friends after his untimely death in 1999. Carefully selected examples are used to motivate the concepts and techniques of computational cell biology, through a progression of increasingly more complex and demanding cases. Illustrative exercises are included with every chapter, and mathematical and computational appendices are provided for reference. This textbook will be useful for advanced undergraduate and graduate theoretical biologists, and for mathematics students and life scientists who wish to learn about modeling in cell biology. Royalties from this book will be donated to the Joel E. Keizer memorial endowment for collaborative interdisciplinary research in the life sciences.

This book presents theory and latest application work in Bond Graph methodology with a focus on: * Hybrid dynamical system models, * Model-based fault diagnosis, model-based fault tolerant control, fault prognosis * and also addresses * Open thermodynamic systems with compressible fluid flow, * Distributed parameter models of mechanical subsystems. In addition, the book covers various applications of current interest ranging from motorised wheelchairs, in-vivo surgery robots, walking machines to wind-turbines.The up-to-date presentation has been made possible by experts who are active members of the worldwide bond graph modelling community. This book is the completely revised 2nd edition of the 2011 Springer compilation text titled Bond Graph Modelling of Engineering Systems - Theory, Applications and Software Support. It extends the presentation of theory and applications of graph methodology by new developments and latest research results. Like the first edition, this book addresses readers in academia as well as practitioners in industry and invites experts in related fields to consider the potential and the state-of-the-art of bond graph modelling.

With contributions by specialists in optimization and practitioners in the fields of aerospace engineering, chemical engineering, and fluid and solid mechanics, the major themes include an assessment of the state of the art in optimization algorithms as well as challenging applications in design and control, in the areas of process engineering and systems with partial differential equation models.

The 9th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing, held in Phuket Thailand on August 6 - 8, 2008 is aimed at bringing together researchers and scientist, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science, and to share ideas and information in a meaningful way. This publication captures 20 of the conference's most promising papers, and we impatiently await the important contributions that we know these authors will bring to the field.

This book presents important applications of soft computing and fuzziness to the growing field of web planning. A new method of using fuzzy numbers to model uncertain probabilities and how these can be used to model a fuzzy queuing system is demonstrated, as well as a method of modeling fuzzy queuing systems employing fuzzy arrival rates and fuzzy service rates. All the computations needed to get to the fuzzy numbers for system performance are described starting for the one server case to more than three servers. A variety of optimization models are discussed with applications to the average response times, server utilization, server and queue costs, as well as to phenomena identified with web sites such as "burstiness" and "long tailed distributions".

This book provides a thorough introduction to the challenge of applying mathematics in real-world scenarios. Modelling tasks rarely involve well-defined categories, and they often require multidisciplinary input from mathematics, physics, computer sciences, or engineering. In keeping with this spirit of modelling, the book includes a wealth of cross-references between the chapters and frequently points to the real-world context. The book combines classical approaches to modelling with novel areas such as soft computing methods, inverse problems, and model uncertainty. Attention is also paid to the interaction between models, data and the use of mathematical software. The reader will find a broad selection of theoretical tools for practicing industrial mathematics, including the analysis of continuum models, probabilistic and discrete phenomena, and asymptotic and sensitivity analysis.

Our contemporary understanding of brain function is deeply rooted in the ideas of the nonlinear dynamics of distributed networks. Cognition and motor coordination seem to arise from the interactions of local neuronal networks, which themselves are connected in large scales across the entire brain. The spatial architectures between various scales inevitably influence the dynamics of the brain and thereby its function. But how can we integrate brain connectivity amongst these structural and functional domains? Our Handbook provides an account of the current knowledge on the measurement, analysis and theory of the anatomical and functional connectivity of the brain. All contributors are leading experts in various fields concerning structural and functional brain connectivity. In the first part of the Handbook, the chapters focus on an introduction and discussion of the principles underlying connected neural systems. The second part introduces the currently available non-invasive technologies for measuring structural and functional connectivity in the brain. Part three provides an overview of the analysis techniques currently available and highlights new developments. Part four introduces the application and translation of the concepts of brain connectivity to behavior, cognition and the clinical domain. Written for: Researchers, engineers, graduate students in complexity, applied nonlinear dynamics, neuroscience

The advances in the generation and processing of multimedia data (e. g. documents, images, video, audio, animations, etc. ) have had an immense impact on multimedia applications and, as a result, multimedia has permeated almost every aspect of our daily lives. This development has also brought with it a whole host of issues and ch- lenges which were either not as apparent before or were non-existent. Today, digital media is relied upon as primary news and information resource, as evidence in a court of law, as part of medical records or as financial documents. However, there is still lack of authoritative mechanisms to verify the origin and veracity of media data. - deed, multimedia content has become an extremely valuable asset, and it is being both disseminated and consumed on a larger scale than ever before, but the issues conce- ing how the content owners and publishers should control the distribution of and - cess to their content have not been satisfactorily resolved yet. There are various other issues related to use of multimedia that require further analysis and research. For example, it is a known fact that some criminal organi- tions communicate with its members by posting information embedded media to p- lic forums and web-sites to evade surveillance by law enforcement. Conventional multimedia processing approaches do not provide sufficiently effective means for - fending against such communication.

This book surveys a wide variety of mathematical models of diffusion in the ecological context. It is written with the primary intent of providing scientists, particularly physicists but also biologists, with some background in the mathematics and physics of diffusion, and shows how they can be applied to ecological problems. The secondary intent is to provide a specialized textbook for graduate students who are interested in mathematical ecology. The reader is assumed to have a basic knowledge of probability and differential equations. Each chapter in this new edition has been substantially updated by appropriate leading researchers in the field, and contains much new material covering developments in the field in the last 20 years.

This book is devoted to the presentation of rigorous mathematical results in the kinetic theory of a gas of hard spheres. Recent developments as well as classical results are presented in a unified way, such that the book should become the standard reference on the subject. There is no such book available at present. The reader will find a systematic treatment of the main mathematical results, a discussion of open problems, and a guide to the existing literature. There is a rigorous and comprehensive presentation of strict validation of the Boltzmann equations, global existence theory, and the fluid-dynamical limits. The authors also review and discuss classical derivation and properties of the Boltzmann equation, particle simulation methods, and boundary conditions.

In recent years, new mathematical methods and tools have been developed and - plied extensively in the ?eld of aerospace engineering, for example, ?nite element method, computational ?uiddynamics, optimization, control, eigenvalues problems. The interaction between aerospace engineering and mathematics has been sign- cant in the past for both engineers and mathematicians and will be even stronger in the future. The School of Mathematics "Guido Stampacchia" of the "Ettore Majorana" FoundationandCentreofScienti?cCultureisthemostappropriatesiteforaerospace engineers and mathematicians to meet. The present volume collects the papers p- sented at the Erice Workshop held on September 8-16, 2007, which was organized in order to allow aerospace engineers and mathematicians from Universities, - search Centres, and Industry to debate advanced problems in aerospace engineering requiring extensive mathematical applications. Theeditorsarecon?denttocapturetheinterestofpeoplefrombothacademiaand industry, particularly, young researchers working on new frontiers of mathematical applications to engineering. The workshop was dedicated to Angelo Miele, Professor at Rice University in Houston, on the occasion of his 85th birthday. Angelo Miele is both an eminent mathematician and a famous engineer, among other activities, able to conceive new scenarios for space exploration. He has been the advisor of many PhD students at Houston, who became well-known professors in universities worldwide and are speakers at this workshop.

In this book new mathematical and statistical techniques that permit more sophisticated analysis are refined and applied to questions of current concern in order to understand the forces that are driving the recent dramatic changes in family patterns. The areas examined include the impact of the evolving Second Demographic Transition, where complex patterns of gender dynamics and social change are re-orienting family life. New analyses of marriage, cohabitation, union dynamics, and union dissolution provide a fresh look at the changing family life cycle, emerging patterns of partner choice, and the impact of union dissolution on the life course. The demography of kinship is explored, and the importance of parity progression to the generation of the kinship web is highlighted. The methodology of population projections by family status is examined, and new results presented that demonstrate how recognizing family status advances long term policy objectives, especially with regard to children and the elderly. This book applies up-to-date methods to examine the demography of the family, and will be of value to sociologists, demographers, and all those who are interested in the family.

Adaptive Control provides techniques for the automatic adjustment in real time of controller parameters. Their purpose is to achieve or maintain a desired level of system performance when process parameters are unknown or variable. Such techniques operate by extracting significative information from real data in order to tune the controller and they feature a mechanism for adjusting parameters. The book explores both established ideas and recent trends in the field of adaptive control. More specifically, the book covers synthesis and analysis of parameter adaptation algorithms, robust digital control and recursive digital control in open and closed loop. This book considers the problems and seeks to find answers using mathematical sequences.To guide the reader, the book contains various applications of adaptive control techniques.

This book offers an overview on the main modern important topics in random variables, random processes, and decision theory for solving real-world problems. After an introduction to concepts of statistics and signals, the book introduces many essential applications to signal processing like denoising, texture classification, histogram equalization, deep learning, or feature extraction. The book uses MATLAB algorithms to demonstrate the implementation of the theory to real systems. This makes the contents of the book relevant to students and professionals who need a quick introduction but practical introduction how to deal with random signals and processes

With contributions by specialists in optimization and practitioners in the fields of aerospace engineering, chemical engineering, and fluid and solid mechanics, the major themes include an assessment of the state of the art in optimization algorithms as well as challenging applications in design and control, in the areas of process engineering and systems with partial differential equation models.

This book presents a selection of peer-reviewed contributions on the latest advances in time series analysis, presented at the International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting (ITISE 2019), held in Granada, Spain, on September 25-27, 2019. The first two parts of the book present theoretical contributions on statistical and advanced mathematical methods, and on econometric models, financial forecasting and risk analysis. The remaining four parts include practical contributions on time series analysis in energy; complex/big data time series and forecasting; time series analysis with computational intelligence; and time series analysis and prediction for other real-world problems. Given this mix of topics, readers will acquire a more comprehensive perspective on the field of time series analysis and forecasting. The ITISE conference series provides a forum for scientists, engineers, educators and students to discuss the latest advances and implementations in the foundations, theory, models and applications of time series analysis and forecasting. It focuses on interdisciplinary research encompassing computer science, mathematics, statistics and econometrics.

This book covers the experimental and theoretical study of convection in non-isothermal ferro-nanofluids (FNFs). Since FNFs are not transparent and magnetic fields are very sensitive to the shape of the boundary between magnetic and nonmagnetic media, special flow visualization techniques based on the use of thermo-sensitive liquid crystal films, infrared cameras, as well as local and integral temperature sensors are discussed in the book. This book considers several major configurations of convective chambers and the applied magnetic field. For each of them, the stability boundaries are determined theoretically and experimentally. The physical types of dominant instabilities and the characteristics of their interactions are subsequently established using linear and weakly non-linear hydrodynamic stability analyses and elements of bifurcation theory. The book also discusses the potential of using magnetically controlled ferro-nanofluids as a heat carrier in situations where heat removal by natural convection is not possible due to the lack of gravity (orbital stations) or extreme confinement (microelectronics). Researchers and practitioners working in the areas of fluid mechanics, hydrodynamic stability, and heat and mass transfer will benefit from this book.

The aim of this book is to present the mathematical theory and the know-how to make computer programs for the numerical approximation of Optimal Control of PDE's. The computer programs are presented in a straightforward generic language. As a consequence they are well structured, clearly explained and can be translated easily into any high level programming language. Applications and corresponding numerical tests are also given and discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first book to put together mathematics and computer programs for Optimal Control in order to bridge the gap between mathematical abstract algorithms and concrete numerical ones. The text is addressed to students and graduates in Mathematics, Mechanics, Applied Mathematics, Numerical Software, Information Technology and Engineering. It can also be used for Master and Ph.D. programs.