Part I: Introduction. Challenging Perspectives on Mathematics Classroom Communication: From Representations to Contexts, Interactions and Politics. Part II: Contributed Chapters. Theme I: Communication: register, representations, context(s).

Teaching and learning mathematics is a political act in which children, teachers, parents, and policy makers are made visible as subjects. As they learn about mathematics, children are also learning about themselves - who they are, who they might become. We can choose to listen or not to what children have to say about learning mathematics. Such choices constitute us in relations of power. Mathematical know-how is widely regarded as essential not only to the life chances of individuals, but also to the health of communities and the economic well-being of nations. With the globalisation of education in an increasingly market-oriented world, mathematics has received intensified attention in the first decade of the twenty-first century with a shifting emphasis on utilitarian aspects of mathematics. This is reflected in the reconceptualisation of mathematical competence as mathematical literacy, loosely conceived as those ways of thinking, reasoning and working "mathematically" that allow us to engage effectively in everyday situations, in many occupations, and the cut and thrust of world economies as active, empowered and participatory citizens. It is no surprise then that mathematics has become one of the most politically charged subjects in primary school curricula worldwide. We are experiencing an unprecedented proliferation of regional and national strategies to establish benchmarks, raise standards, enhance achievement, close gaps, and leave no child behind in mathematics education. Industries have sprung up around the design, administration and monitoring of standardised assessment to measure and compare children's mathematical achievement against identified benchmarks and each other.

Supporting Early Mathematical Development is an essential text for current Early Years practitioners and students, offering an excellent blend of theory and practice that will enable you to provide successful mathematical education for children from birth to eight years old. Charting the delivery of mathematical development in Playgroups, Children's Centres, Nurseries and Primary Schools, it forges links between current practice and fundamental Early Years principles and makes suggestions for creating effective pedagogies in maths teaching.

Promoting mathematical development through play-based learning, this book presents:

• a wealth of practical multi-sensory teaching strategies
• instructional methodologies
• activity ideas incorporating play, books, songs, cookery and the outdoors
• examples of children's work
• advice on translating theory into practice
• questions for reflective practice.

Throughout the book, Caroline McGrath breaks down the complexity of teaching and learning mathematics into simple steps and guides readers through possible gaps in their knowledge, bringing fresh enthusiasm to teaching mathematics. This is an invaluable resource for practitioners and trainee teachers wishing to strengthen their mathematical teaching and professional practice, or for students on a wide range of Early Years courses.

Abacus is a popular Maths scheme used by thousands of schools all over the world. It fully aligns to the UK National Curriculum. Written by a team of experts, led by Series Editor, Professor Ruth Merttens. For children who are following a UK National Curriculum-based maths scheme the Workbooks provide: easy instructions to explain to children 'Action' to make the activity more practical 'Think' to provide extra challenge a self-assessment opportunity on every page.

Category Description for Kumon Math Workbooks (1-6):

A math program based on the Kumon method. Basically, the earmarks of this system are:

• Concepts introduced in small, incremental steps, allowing children to master them without confusion
• Single topic books rather than mixed strands. Children concentrate just on addition, for example, before moving to subtraction
• Concepts are taught by discovery method than being spelled out

The series is meant to be self-directed. Students take charge of their own learning on every level. They complete pages, check their work, record their scores, and determine whether to move on or review. The pace almost guarantees success. Children should work a "few" pages a day; assignments should take about 20 minutes to complete. Pages are marked with the skill level required at top and the points each question is valued at (a very young child will need some help totaling points). Very short instruction (or an example) is given on a few pages. For example, there is a short explanation when children begin to subtract a 2-digit number from a 3-digit number where borrowing is needed. However, the child is given every opportunity to intuit this beforehand. By the time he reaches this page, he has already been subtracting double-digit numbers for many pages. Some of these would require borrowing, but, since they are able to subtract, say, 7 from 12, the Kumon method wants the child to see a pattern when increasing to 7 from 22, 7 from 32, etc. This does remind me of the approach used in Miquon as well. Besides these very infrequent helps there are just some small prompts for children to look for patterns in their answers, and words of encouragement. Pages are pleasing to the eye; they are colored, clean, and problems are well-spaced. The Kumon method has been used successfully with children around the world for over 50 years. It does seem like it would help a child to take charge of his own learning and help himself to understanding rather than being spoon-fed each bite. For Kumon math earlier than Grade 1, see the Kumon section in Early Learning.

Introducing a brand new companion title to the Big Fat Notebooks and its bestselling title, Math - The Big Fat Middle School Math Workbook. Because just like music or a sport or learning a new language, the only way to achieve math competency, let alone excellence, is through practice. Whether used as a supplement to Big Fat Notebook Math or on its own, this consumable, lie-flat workbook is filled with exercises and over 600 problems to help students work through everything that's being taught in middle school math and reinforce what they're learning. Each chapter begins with a brief recap of a key concept - such as the number system, expressions and equations, introduction to geometry, statistics and probability - followed by an example of a problem and steps needed to solve it, and then exercises and word problems for practice, test review, and remedial help. And in the back, students won't find a simple answer key, but rather a 'solution process' that gives step-by-step guidance for how to solve a specific problem so they can see how to reach the right answer and how they might have erred. It's like getting individually tutored by the best teacher in school.

NHM Year 1 Activity Books: Have built-in assessment. Provide a structured development of each separate topic. Use language at an appropriate reading level. Place maths in a variety of contexts. Lead more able children through a range of problem-solving activities.

This book highlights new developments in the teaching and learning of algebraic thinking with 5- to 12-year-olds. Based on empirical findings gathered in several countries on five continents, it provides a wealth of best practices for teaching early algebra. Building on the work of the ICME-13 (International Congress on Mathematical Education) Topic Study Group 10 on Early Algebra, well-known authors such as Luis Radford, John Mason, Maria Blanton, Deborah Schifter, and Max Stephens, as well as younger scholars from Asia, Europe, South Africa, the Americas, Australia and New Zealand, present novel theoretical perspectives and their latest findings. The book is divided into three parts that focus on (i) epistemological/mathematical aspects of algebraic thinking, (ii) learning, and (iii) teaching and teacher development. Some of the main threads running through the book are the various ways in which structures can express themselves in children's developing algebraic thinking, the roles of generalization and natural language, and the emergence of symbolism. Presenting vital new data from international contexts, the book provides additional support for the position that essential ways of thinking algebraically need to be intentionally fostered in instruction from the earliest grades.

Abacus Evolve Challenge is perfect for ensuring more able children are being stretched to reach their full potential in maths. Challenge contains a range of enrichment and extension activities with a fourth level of differentiation above that found in other programmes.

Concept Mapping in Mathematics: Research into Practice is the first comprehensive book on concept mapping in mathematics. It provides the reader with an understanding of how the meta-cognitive tool, namely, hierarchical concept maps, and the process of concept mapping can be used innovatively and strategically to improve planning, teaching, learning, and assessment at different educational levels. This collection of research articles examines the usefulness of concept maps in the educational setting, with applications and examples ranging from primary grade classrooms through secondary mathematics to pre-service teacher education, undergraduate mathematics and post-graduate mathematics education. A second meta-cognitive tool, called vee diagrams, is also critically examined by two authors, particularly its value in improving mathematical problem solving.

Thematically, the book flows from a historical development overview of concept mapping in the sciences to applications of concept mapping in mathematics by teachers and pre-service teachers as a means of analyzing mathematics topics, planning for instruction and designing assessment tasks including applications by school and university students as learning and review tools. This book provides case studies and resources that have been field tested with school and university students alike. The findings presented have implications for enriching mathematics learning and making problem solving more accessible and meaningful for students.

The theoretical underpinnings of concept mapping and of the studies in the book include Ausubel s cognitive theory of meaningful learning, constructivist and Vygotskian psychology to name a few. There is evidence particularly from international studies such as PISA and TIMSS and mathematics education research, which suggest that students mathematical literacy and problem solving skills can be enhanced through students collaborating and interacting as they work, discuss and communicate mathematically. This book proposes the meta-cognitive strategy of concept mapping as one viable means of promoting, communicating and explicating students mathematical thinking and reasoning publicly in a social setting (e.g., mathematics classrooms) as they engage in mathematical dialogues and discussions.

Concept Mapping in Mathematics: Research into Practice is of interest to researchers, graduate students, teacher educators and professionals in mathematics education.

A Volume in International Perspectives on Mathematics Education - Cognition, Equity & Society Series Editor Bharath Sriraman, The University of Montana and Lyn English, Queensland University of Technology Why a book on gender issues in mathematics in the 21st century? Several factors have influenced the undertaking of this project by the editors. First, an international volume focusing on gender and mathematics has not appeared since publication of papers emerging from the 1996 International Congress on Mathematical Education (Keitel, 1998). Surely it was time for an updated look at this critical area of mathematics education. Second, we have had lively discussion and working groups on gender issues at conferences of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education [PME] for the past four years, sessions at which stimulating and ground-breaking research has been discussed by participants from many different countries. Some publication seemed essential to share this new knowledge emerging from a wider variety of countries and from different cultural perspectives. Third, some western countries such as Australia and the USA have experienced in recent years a focus on the "boy problem," with an underlying assumption that issues of females and mathematics have been solved and are no longer worthy of interest. Thus it seemed timely to look more closely at the issue of gender and mathematics internationally. When the idea for this volume first emerged, invitations were issued to those regularly attending the working and discussion groups at PME. Potential authors were charged to focus on gender issues in mathematics and were given wide scope to hone in on the issues that were central to their own research efforts, or were in receipt or in need of close attention in their own national or regional contexts.

Children's Fractional Knowledge elegantly tracks the construction of knowledge, both by children learning new methods of reasoning and by the researchers studying their methods. The book challenges the widely held belief that children's whole number knowledge is a distraction from their learning of fractions by positing that their fractional learning involves reorganizing-not simply using or building upon-their whole number knowledge. This hypothesis is explained in detail using examples of actual grade-schoolers approaching problems in fractions including the schemes they construct to relate parts to a whole, to produce a fraction as a multiple of a unit part, to transform a fraction into a commensurate fraction, or to combine two fractions multiplicatively or additively. These case studies provide a singular journey into children's mathematics experience, which often varies greatly from that of adults. Moreover, the authors' descriptive terms reflect children's quantitative operations, as opposed to adult mathematical phrases rooted in concepts that do not reflect-and which in the classroom may even suppress-youngsters' learning experiences. Highlights of the coverage: Toward a formulation of a mathematics of living instead of being Operations that produce numerical counting schemes Case studies: children's part-whole, partitive, iterative, and other fraction schemes Using the generalized number sequence to produce fraction schemes Redefining school mathematics This fresh perspective is of immediate importance to researchers in mathematics education. With the up-close lens onto mathematical development found in Children's Fractional Knowledge, readers can work toward creating more effective methods for improving young learners' quantitative reasoning skills.

Everything a student needs to ensure exam success Written by Chief examiners and experienced teachers. Revised and enhanced following user feedback on the 2001 Heinemann edition. Practice exam papers for foundation and higher, exactly matched to the new specification. Three revision exercises, featuring past exam questions, consolidate learning on groups of topics. examzone section gives tips, tests and techniques for exam preparation and the new controlled assessment.

Die Nuwe Alles-In-Een-reeks

• is volledig hersien en aangepas volgens die Kurrikulum- en assesseringsbeleidverklaring

• is beskikbaar vir Graad R-3

• sluit vir Graad R die vakke Huistaal, Wiskunde en Lewensvaardighede in

• kan per vak of as pakket gebruik word.

Die Leerderboeke vir elke vak

• kan jaar na jaar gebruik word

• gee geleentheid vir inskerping met minstens twee bladsye aktiwiteite per week

• word gebruik saam met die gratis werkvelle op die CD in die onderwysersgids

Constructing concise and correct proofs is one of the most challenging aspects of learning to work with advanced mathematics. Meeting this challenge is a defining moment for those considering a career in mathematics or related fields. Mathematical Thinking and Writing teaches readers to construct proofs and communicate with the precision necessary for working with abstraction. It is based on two premises: composing clear and accurate mathematical arguments is critical in abstract mathematics, and that this skill requires development and support. Abstraction is the destination, not the starting point.
Maddox methodically builds toward a thorough understanding of the proof process, demonstrating and encouraging mathematical thinking along the way. Skillful use of analogy clarifies abstract ideas. Clearly presented methods of mathematical precision provide an understanding of the nature of mathematics and its defining structure.
After mastering the art of the proof process, the reader may pursue two independent paths. The latter parts are purposefully designed to rest on the foundation of the first, and climb quickly into analysis or algebra. Maddox addresses fundamental principles in these two areas, so that readers can apply their mathematical thinking and writing skills to these new concepts. From this exposure, readers experience the beauty of the mathematical landscape and further develop their ability to work with abstract ideas.
* Covers the full range of techniques used in proofs, including contrapositive, induction, and proof by contradiction
* Explains identification of techniques and how they are applied in the specific problem
* Illustrates how to read written proofs with many step by step examples
* Includes 20% more exercises than the first edition that are integrated into the material instead of end of chapter
* The Instructors Guide and Solutions Manual points out which exercises simply must be either assigned or at least discussed because they undergird later results

This book uses the publicly available TEDS-M data to answer such questions as: How does teacher education contribute to the learning outcomes of future teachers? Are there programs that are more successful than others in helping teachers learn to teach mathematics? How does the local and national policy environment contribute to teacher education outcomes? It invites readers to explore these questions across a large number of international settings. The importance of preparing future mathematics teachers has become a priority across many nations. Across the globe nations have allocated resources and expertise to this endeavour. Yet in spite of the importance accorded to teacher education not much is known about different approaches to preparing knowledgeable teachers and whether these approaches do in fact achieve their purpose. The Mathematics Teacher Education and Development Study (TEDS-M) is the first, and to date the only, cross-national study using scientific and representative samples to provide empirical data on the knowledge that future mathematics teachers of primary and secondary school acquire in their teacher education programs. The study addresses the central importance of teacher knowledge in learning to teach mathematics by examining variation in the nature and influence of teacher education programs within and across countries. The study collected data on teacher education programs structure, curriculum and opportunities to learn, on teacher educators' characteristics and beliefs, and on future mathematics teachers' individual characteristics, beliefs, and mathematics and pedagogical knowledge across 17 countries providing a unique opportunity to explore enduring questions in the field.

Many in the mathematics community in the U.S. are involved in mathematics education in various capacities. This book highlights the breadth of the work in K-16 mathematics education done by members of US departments of mathematical sciences. It contains contributions by mathematicians and mathematics educators who do work in areas such as teacher education, quantitative literacy, informal education, writing and communication, social justice, outreach and mentoring, tactile learning, art and mathematics, ethnomathematics, scholarship of teaching and learning, and mathematics education research. Contributors describe their work, its impact, and how it is perceived and valued. In addition, there is a chapter, co-authored by two mathematicians who have become administrators, on the challenges of supporting, evaluating, and rewarding work in mathematics education in departments of mathematical sciences. This book is intended to inform the readership of the breadth of the work and to encourage discussion of its value in the mathematical community. The writing is expository, not technical, and should be accessible and informative to a diverse audience. The primary readership includes all those in departments of mathematical sciences in two or four year colleges and universities, and their administrators, as well as graduate students. Researchers in education may also find topics of interest. Other potential readers include those doing work in mathematics education in schools of education, and teachers of secondary or middle school mathematics as well as those involved in their professional development.

This volume presents a set of studies that explore significant questions about mathematics teaching and learning, and illustrate new methodologies for the analysis of new questions about mathematics education. The data from the "Second International Mathematical Study" (SIMS) is the starting point for all of the material in this work. SIMS was one of the largest and most comprehensive data-collection effort on mathematics teaching and learning ever undertaken. Because of its scale, comparative cross-cultural perspective, conceptualization and design, its data offer an indispensable beginning point for the exploration of many of the fundamental questions that circle around mathematics teaching and learning, not only internationally, but in the United States as well.

A Volume in The Montana Mathematics Enthusiast: Monograph Series in Mathematics EducationSeries Editor Bharath Sriraman, The University of MontanaPaul Ernest's name is synonymous with social constructivism as a philosophy ofmathematics. His contributions to mathematics education have occurred at a veryfundamental level and to an extent shaped theory development in this field. Hisresearch addresses fundamental questions about the nature of mathematics and how itrelates to teaching, learning and society. For the last three decades Paul has been aprolific scholar who has published in a wide array of topics such as the relationshipbetween the philosophy of mathematics and mathematics education, and moregenerally the philosophy of mathematics education, ethics and values in mathematics education, and the philosophy ofresearch methodology.The title of this Festschrift is meant to be a pun to convey the sometimes relativistic dimension to mathematical certaintythat Paul argued for in developing his philosophy, and also a play on words for the fact that absolute "earnestness" mayperhaps be a Platonic construct, and not possible in the realm of language and human discourse Paul Ernest's scholarlyevolution and life can best be summarized in the words of Walt Whitman "Do I contradict myself? Very well then Icontradict myself" (I am large, I contain multitudes). Indeed his presence has beenlarge and multitudinous and this Festschrift celebrates his 65th Birthday withnumerous contributions coming from the mathematics, philosophy and mathematicseducation communities around the world.

The mathematics education community continues to contribute research-based ideas for developing and improving problem posing as an inquiry-based instructional strategy for enhancing students' learning. A large number of studies have been conducted which have covered many research topics and methodological aspects of teaching and learning mathematics through problem posing. The Authors' groundwork has shown that many of these studies predict positive outcomes from implementing problem posing on: student knowledge, problem solving and posing skills, creativity and disposition toward mathematics. This book examines, in-depth, the contribution of a problem posing approach to teaching mathematics and discusses the impact of adopting this approach on the development of theoretical frameworks, teaching practices and research on mathematical problem posing over the last 50 years.

MasterClass in Mathematics Education provides accessible links between theory and practice and encourages readers to reflect on their own understanding of their teaching context. Each chapter, written by an internationally respected authority, explores the key concepts within the selected area of the field, drawing directly on published research to encourage readers to reflect on the content, ideas and ongoing debates. Using international case studies, each chapter will encourage readers to think about ways that the teaching and learning of mathematics reflect different cultural traditions and expectations and enable them to evaluate effective strategies for their own contexts.

A Volume in The Montana Mathematics Enthusiast: Monograph Series in Mathematics EducationSeries Editor Bharath Sriraman, The University of MontanaThe word "critical" in the title of this collection has three meanings, all of which are relevant. One meaning, as applied toa situation or problem, is "at a point of crisis." A second meaning is "expressing adverse or disapproving comments orjudgments." A third is related to the verb "to critique," meaning "to analyze the merits and faults of." The authorscontributing to this book pose challenging questions, from multiple perspectives, about the roles of mathematics insociety and the implications for education. Traditional reasons for teaching mathematics include: preparing a newgeneration of mathematics researchers and a cadre of technically competent users of mathematics; training students tothink logically; and because mathematics is as much part of cultural heritage as literature or music. These reasons remainvalid, though open to critique, but a deeper analysis is required that recognizes the roles of mathematics in framing manyaspects of contemporary society, that will connect mathematics education to the lived experiences of students, theircommunities, and society in general, and that acknowledges the global ethical responsibilities of mathematicians andmathematics educators.The book is organized in four sections (1) Mathematics education: For what and why?(2) Globalization and cultural diversity, (3) Mathematics, education, and society and (4) Social justice in, and through, mathematics educationThe chapters address fundamental issues such as the relevance of school mathematics in people's lives; creating a sense of agency for the field of mathematics education, and redefining the relationship between mathematics as discipline, mathematics as school subject and mathematics as part of people's lives.

Offering a proven, high-quality, step-by-step approach that builds students' confidence, these texts give students the rigorous practice they need to get better results in the two-tier exams. Clearly organised, easy-to-use and carefully structured main texts provide thorough preparation for students on either a 1-year or 2-year course with clear, student-friendly language used throughout Fully worked examples with explanatory notes and commentary followed by carefully graded exercises offer gradual progression Exam and exam-style questions, presented in non-calculator and calculator section reviews, give further opportunities to consolidate skills acquired over a number of chapters Further compilations of exam and exam-style questions, which reflect how the examiners will assess the new two-tier specifications are provided to give thorough preparation for the exams.