Since Pasteur in 1846, scientists have been aware that many drugs are photoreactive, but until recently research in this area had been somewhat limited. However, since the introduction of acutely sensitive analytical methods, the realisation of the need to identify the photochemical properties of a potential drug as early in its development as possible and the increased attention to the phototoxic effect of drugs, more details are becoming available. Drugs: Photochemistry and Photostability presents the basic elements of the science, and serves as an excellent introduction to this emerging field of photochemistry. Detailed experimental conditions for photostability studies are given, along with a discussion of the recently implemented ICH Guidelines for drug photostability. With contributions from international experts in the field and including a comprehensive literature review, this book provides all the up-to-date information needed by researchers in many fields, especially medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry.

Provides up-to-date, objective analyses of important topics, based on the work of a triumvirate: the author, an acknowledged authority in the field; the referee, capable of undertaking a critical appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of the review; and the editor who attempts to ensure that the crucial issues of special importance are given adequate attention.

Contents:
An introduction to inhalation toxicology; Inhalation exposure systems; Generation and characterization of gases and vapours; Generation and characterization of test atmospheres: particles and droplets; Morphology of the respiratory tract; Lung biochemistry and intermediary metabolism; Metabolic characteristics of the respiratory tract; Deposition and clearance of inhaled particles; Pulmonary retention of particles and fibres: biokinetics and effects of exposure concentrations; Regional deposition of inhaled reactive gases; Factors modifying the disposition of inhaled organic compounds; Carcinogenic responses of the respiratory tract to inhaled toxicants; Assessment of pulmonary function and the effects of inhaled toxicants; Immunological responses of respiratory tract to inhaled materials; Biological markers in the respiratory tract; Role of cytocines in pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis; Applications of behavioural measures to inhalation toxicology; Non-carcinogenic responses of the respiratory tract to inhaled toxicants; Risk assessment for inhaled toxicants.

The Handbook of Clinical Toxicology of Animal Venoms is the first concise, one-volume book devoted to this important subject. The editors are internationally recognized authorities in the biology and clinical aspects of venomous and poisonous animals, and the chapter authors are world leaders in their respective fields of toxicology.
All aspects of the topic are covered including information on the biology and taxonomy of poisonous animals, their venom or poison, diagnosis, and general treatment principles and specific treatment. The most up-to-date list of available antivenoms is provided. Coverage of venomous and poisonous animals is comprehensive, with thorough discussions on shellfish poisoning, ciguatera, fugu, coelenterates, stingrays, venous fish, blue-ringed octopus, sea-snakes, scorpions, spiders, insects, and gila lizards. Individual chapters focus on snakes and snakebite in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, North America, Central America, and South America. Nearly all clinical chapters have been written by clinicians with extensive experience treating the particular type of animal envenoming or poisoning under consideration.
No other book brings together such a wealth of information in this field, and no other book provides it in a format useful to clinicians charged with the responsibility of treating envenomed or poisoned patients. The Handbook of Clinical Toxicology of Animal Venoms is an essential addition to all medical libraries, emergency departments, toxicology departments, poison information centers, and invaluable to all professionals working in these fields.

This volume describes the structure and function of bacterial toxins and presents a comprehensive review of virulence factors, providing recent information concerning cell physiology and biochemistry, as well as new toxin tools for experimental studies and clinical therapy. A wide variety of toxic proteins, including the toxins that cause diptheria, cholera, pertussis, shigellosis, tetanus, botulism and anthrax, are discussed.;The work is aimed at microbiologists, biochemists, endocrinologists, toxicologists, infectious disease specialists, pathologists, public health officials, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Drinking alcohol can, in rare instances, provoke a temporary psychotic often violent reaction called pathological intoxication. Although it was medically identified in 1869, pathological intoxication has been an enigma to the law for over a century, primarily because the actual medical and psychiatric aspects of the concept have not been adequately explained before. But, as the authors of this volume point out, it is crucial for the defense attorney and the prosecutor to understand whether pathological or ordinary intoxication is involved in a particular case because pathological intoxication furnishes the basis of important and perhaps decisive defense strategies beyond those which derive from ordinary intoxication. This interdisciplinary study provides the first in-depth exploration of both the medical and psychiatric facts underlying the phenomenon of pathological intoxication and explores the suitability of various defense theories.

Written especially for practicing criminal defense lawyers, public defenders, prosecutors, and forensic psychiatrists, the volume begins by examining the clinical and experimental evidence of pathological intoxication. In subsequent chapters, the authors alert the attorney to the indications that a defendant should be examined for possible pathological intoxication and include hard-to-find medical sources of support for the concept to persuade courts and prosecutors of its legitimacy. A series of chapters thoroughly explores all the relevant legal defense strategies available in pathological intoxication cases including the defense of automatism, the law of insanity, involuntary intoxication, and diminished capacity and extreme mental and emotional disturbance. Throughout, the authors incorporate both domestic and foreign literature relating to pathological intoxication. The inclusion of ample case examples as well as a wealth of medical and psychiatric data make this book a major contribution to our understanding of both the phenomenon of pathological intoxication and its implications for legal defense strategy.

In the present and subsequent volumes of this book, critical coverage of the literature will be combined with the fruits of original and highly relevant research carried out by Dr. D.M Aviado and his colleagues. The total effort constitutes an authoritative up-to-date appraisal of the knowledge needed to understand the inhalational toxicity and other biological effects of an important and ubiquitous class of chemical agents.

"Provides both historical information and the latest toxicological data on various classes of food additives--examining the production, application, and safety of numerous compounds used to enhance and preserve the quality of foods."

This work offers concise, detailed information on the toxicological properties of, and safe handling practices for, pesticides. It provides an overview of the registration process, registration procedures and supplemental registration. An alphabetic listing of over 800 chemicals, including their applications - from insecticides and growth regulators to herbicides, repellents and synergists - is provided.

Dr. Goldstein has authored more than 50 publications and co-edited two books. Her latest contribution to the field of nephrology, Mechanisms of Injury in Renal Disease and Toxicity, promotes an understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms mediating renal dysfunction in disease. It provides an important perspective in understanding mechanisms of chemically induced renal injury.
Over the past decade, understanding of the pathophysiologic and molecular basis of renal disease has grown tremendously. New and evolving concepts on the pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerular injury, diabetic nephropathy, and acute renal failure are changing the clinical management of these disease states.

"This valuable resource provides detailed health and safety information on the hazardous and toxic properties of over 1,000 heavily used industrial and consumer chemicals. Lists chemicals both alphabetically and numerically according to their Chemical Abstract Service number permitting rapid access to specific data!"

The Third Edition of this standard text has been revised and updated to reflect the most current approaches to the management of acute poisonings. The editors have taken into account the numerous changes in protocols for managing poison ingestions and have again provided under one cover an indispensable resource for all students of pharmacy and the health sciences on the basic principles of clinical toxicology. The book's unique focus on the fundamentals provides an essential understanding of the bases for events that occur and the reasons why a treatment is used or not used. Each chapter presents pertinent information on classes of toxic agents, their common sources and usual methods of intoxication, incidence and frequency of poisoning, mechanism(s) of action, clinical signs and symptoms of poisoning, and management guidance. The text includes illustrative case studies carefully selected to reinforce the information covered. Each chapter concludes with review questions to further enhance comprehension.

Continuing a long tradition, Lu's Basic Toxicology, Seventh Edition, combines relatively comprehensive coverage of toxic substances in food, air, and water with brevity, thereby continuing to serve as an updated introductory text for toxicology students and for those involved in allied sciences that require a background in toxicology. The new edition, which now becomes an edited work with contributions from experts around the globe, features four new chapters and a number of existing chapters that have been updated and expanded, notably those on mechanisms of toxic effects, conventional toxicity studies, the cardiovascular system, and risk assessment and regulatory toxicology. The book consists of four parts (Part I-Part IV) that provide guidance on principles of toxicology and testing procedures for toxicities as well as a concise, yet detailed, mechanism of both target organ and nontarget organ toxicities. The book is rounded off with a final section (Part IV) on the toxic effects of chemicals and risk assessment, giving toxicologists, both students and practicing professionals, the necessary tools to enhance their practice. This edition includes new chapters on Clinical Toxicology, Systems Toxicology, Chemicals and Children, and Toxicology of Reproductive Systems, providing the essentials of these topics in the same style as the other chapters in the book. With separate subject and chemical indexes, this is a useful, quick shelf reference for everyone working in toxicology today.

A compilation of questions with answers for students of toxicology. The questions are a mixture of short answer, problem-solving, data interpretation and multiple choice and cover all the major areas of toxicology.

Since the publication of the original edition in 1982, pesticide-related poisonings, both single cases and epidemic-scale situations, have continued to occur unabated. This new edition of Pesticides and Neurological Diseases reviews current literature describing the effects of insecticides (chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphorus and carbamate esters, and the pyrethroid esters), fungicides (organomercurials, dithiocarbamates), and herbicides (chlorophenoxy acids and esters) on the mammalian nervous system. Acute and chronic exposures have resulted in both subtle and serious neurological deficits in the peripheral and central nervous systems, marked by transient effects preceding those of delayed onset and of persistent duration. The chapters have been largely revised and rewritten to introduce newer theories of mechanism(s) of action studied at the laboratory bench. New findings and observations on human intoxications are included as well.
This reference will interest physicians involved in environmental medicine and occupational health, as well as graduate students and researchers in the fields of neurophysiology, pharmacology, and the toxicology of pesticides. It may also be useful to the layperson interested in learning more about chemicals routinely used in the home, garden, greenhouse, orchards, and fields.

Basic Environmental Toxicology provides a thorough, systematic introduction to environmental toxicology and addresses many of the effects of pollutants on humans, animals, and the environment. Readers are introduced to the fundamentals of toxicology and ecotoxicology, the effects of different types of toxicants, and how toxicants affect different compartments of the environment. Fundamental aspects of environmental health, occupational health, detection of pollutants, and risk assessment are discussed. The book is excellent for anyone involved in risk assessment or risk management, toxicologists, state and local public health officials, environmental engineers, industrial managers, consultants, and students taking environmental toxicology courses.

Imaging Drug Action in the Brain is an outstanding reference that provides detailed methodological information and presents a current review of information obtained using various methods to delineate the neuroanatomy of drug action. It presents material covering selective lesioning and intracranial injections in intact animals. It examines various applications of receptor binding techniques and their importance in pharmacology. In vivo metabolic mapping studies to delineate the distributions of action of psychoactive drugs in animals are reviewed in detail. Imaging Drug Action in the Brain presents recent advances in extending these types of studies to human investigations, using positron emission tomography (PET) scanning and electrophysiological imaging techniques. Applications of immunocytochemical and molecular biology techniques in studies of drug action are explained. Imaging Drug Action in the Brain is the only book that encompasses all of these techniques with up-to-date examples of their applications. It is an essential resource for researchers in the fields of neuropharmacology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and nuclear medicine.

Household Chemicals and Emergency First Aid is an essential manual that covers 386 household chemicals, discusses their hazards when mixed with other chemicals, describes the symptoms of overexposure, and provides instructions for emergency first aid treatment. The book is intended to be used in the event that label instructions on household chemicals have not been followed. It describes what may possibly happen and how to handle the situation if it does occur. Poison control centers are listed by state with phone numbers and addresses.
Because household accidents involving chemicals are so prevalent, this manual is a "must have" book for all emergency medical technicians, paramedics, and other emergency first aid providers. It is also useful for anyone wanting detailed information regarding emergency situations with household chemicals.

Since 1980 there has been an accumulation of new information concerning DNA-damage-inducible processes in eukaryotic cells. It is clear that changes in the concentrations of activities of specific protein molecules play central roles in toxicological response of cells to chemical and radiation damage to DNA. Identification of inducible proteins may be crucial in helping to explain target organ toxicity and species differences. Detection of these proteins or their mRNA's in humans may be useful in assessing human exposure or cellular injury.

Quantal response (sometimes called dose-reponse) data arise in many areas, both through experimental and observational studies. Particular emphasis is placed in this book on applications in bioassay and toxicology. For instance, data for analysis may arise from routine clinical trials, or from studies of safe doses of drugs. Throughout the material is motivated by a wide range of practical examples.

A dangerous byproduct of industrial progress is often an increase of pollutants discharged into the environment. These pollutants are often harmful to plants and animals, including humans. They also damage buildings and architectural and cultural monuments. This handbook describes many of the important physico-chemical properties of inorganic and organic substances found in industrial wastes and describes their toxic effects on humans.

In Infertile Environments, Janelle Lamoreaux investigates how epigenetic research into the effects of toxic exposure conceptualizes and configures environments. Drawing on fieldwork in a Nanjing, China, toxicology lab that studies the influence of pesticides and other pollutants on male reproductive and developmental health, Lamoreaux shows how the lab's everyday research practices bring national, hormonal, dietary, maternal, and laboratory environments into being. She situates the lab's work within broader Chinese history as well as the contemporary cultural and political moment, in which declining fertility rates and reproductive governance and technology are growing concerns. She also points to how toxicology in China is a transnational endeavor tied to both local conditions and international research agendas and infrastructures, which highlights the myriad scales and scope of epigenetic environments. At a moment of growing concerns about toxins, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and climate change, Lamoreaux demonstrates that epigenetic research's proliferation of environments produces new kinds of toxic relations that impact multiple generations of humans.

This book describes advances in the thinking of experts in the field of combustion toxicology through 1991. It emphasizes contributions due to the efforts of the working groups of ISO/TCQ2/SC3, along with presentation of the most up-to-date strategy for minimizing the risk of toxic hazards in fires.

This 5-volume set allows you to assess the health and environmental effects of chemicals by determining the routes of exposure of the chemical to sensitive organisms. Environmental Fate and Exposure of Organic Chemicals provides relevant facts on how individual chemicals behave in the environment and how humans and environmental organisms are exposed to the chemicals during their production, rise, transport, and disposal.
Each chemical is prepared by one of the best-known organizations in environmental fate and exposure and is peer-reviewed by a panel of expert scientists. The information on each chemical includes all experimental values and references for physical properties, all chemical fate studies, and all available monitoring data and interpretative summaries.

Although the media focus on the rise of cocaine use and the evils of its abuse, the public receives little real information about the scope of the problem and its treatment. This timely, practical, and honest volume gets to the heart of the cocaine addiction problem. Cocaine Solutions not only addresses the difficulties experienced by addicts and their families in coping with the devastating financial, emotional, and psychological toll that addiction takes, it also identifies specific sources of help that exist for addicts and their families. Both recovered drug addicts themselves, the authors discuss some of the obstacles to recovery and the ways to overcome them. Cocaine Solutions includes the stories of recovering addicts to illustrate firsthand what addicts'lives are like, giving you a better understanding of the people who are afflicted with the disease of addiction. This important book is required reading for a wide audience--cocaine addicts, potential addicts, the families of addicted or potentially addicted persons, professionals who see addiction daily in their patients, and anyone who is interested in the problem of cocaine addiction.