This definitive reference work describes in detail the enzyme systems that participate in the metabolism of xenobiotics, particularly medicinal drugs. Each chapter focuses on a specific enzyme system, emphasising its role in the activation and detoxication of chemicals. Aspects discussed critically include:

• enzyme function in the metabolism and bioactivation of xenobiotics

• substrate specificity

• tissue distribution

• species distribution (to include laboratory animals and humans)

• hormonal regulation

• sex differences

• modulation by prior exposure to other chemicals

• age-dependent expression

• pharmacogenetics and modulation by disease.

Enzyme Systems that Metabolise Drugs and Other Xenobiotics will be essential reading for industrial research scientists working in the fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industries, especially those concerned with the safety evaluation of chemicals, and investigating their metabolism, pharmacokinetic characteristics and toxicological properties. The nature and scope of the book will also make it attractive to the research toxicologist and to postgraduate students studying toxicology, as well as to clinicians and pharmacists.

The "Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology" is a comprehensive, two-volume reference guide to the properties, effects, and regulation of pesticides that provides the latest and most complete information to researchers investigating the environmental, agricultural, veterinary, and human-health impacts of pesticide use. Written by international experts from academia, government, and the private sector, the "Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology" is an in-depth examination of critical issues related to the need for, use of, and nature of chemicals used in modern pest management. This updated 3e carries on the book s tradition of serving as the definitive reference on pesticide toxicology and recognizes the seminal contribution of Wayland J. Hayes, Jr., co-Editor of the first edition.
Feature: Presents a comprehensive look at all aspects of pesticide toxicology in one reference work.
Benefit: Saves researchers time in quickly accessing the very latest definitive details on toxicity of specific pesticides as opposed to searching through thousands of journal articles.

Feature: Clear exposition of hazard identification and dose response relationships in each chapter featuring pesticide agents and actions
Benefit: Connects the experimental laboratory results to real-life applications in human health, animal health and the environment.

Feature: All major classes of pesticide considered.
Benefit: Provides relevance to a wider variety of researchers who are conducting comparative work in pesticides or their health impacts.

Feature: Different routes of exposure critically evaluated.
Benefit: Connects the loop between exposure and harmful affects to those who are researching the affects of pesticides on humans or wildlife.
"

This book tells the story of Agent Orange, its usage and the policies that surround it. Agent Orange contains a contaminant known as TCDD. It was the most widely used defoliant from 1965 - 1970 and became one of three major tactical herbicides used in Vietnam. More than 45 major health studies were conducted with Vietnam veterans from the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and Korea seeking a relationship between veterans' health and TCDD. Allegations of birth defects in the families of Vietnam veterans and the Vietnamese represented a case study in propaganda and deliberate misinformation by the government of Vietnam. The Policies of the US Government implemented by Congress and the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) identified 17 recognized associated presumptive diseases that failed the tests of "cause and effect" and common sense. This book tells the story of Agent Orange, its usage, the health studies and those policies from a diverse range of perspectives, delving into science, statistics, history, policy and ethics. It is of interest to scholars engaged in history, political and social philosophy and ethics.

The rapidly expanding field of food safety includes many new developments in the understanding of the entire range of toxic compounds found in foods -- whether naturally occurring or having been introduced by industry or food processing methods. This 2e of "Introduction to Food Toxicology" explores these developments while continuing to provide a core understanding of the basic principles of food toxicology.
*New information on:
--Solid-phase extraction, immunoassay, and LC/MS
--Mechanisms of regulation of xenobiotic activation and deactivation
--Developments in the modes of action and impact of natural toxins in food plants
--A comprehensive review of the issues surrounding dioxins
--The function of antioxidants and their toxicological aspects
--Acrylamide, its occurrence, toxicity and regulation on its use
--Phytochemicals, their beneficial effects and the modes of action of this growing group of nutraceuticals from food plants
--Diet and drug interactions

This groundbreaking book covers every aspect of deadly toxic chemicals used as weapons of mass destruction and employed in conflicts, warfare and terrorism. Including findings from experimental as well as clinical studies, this one-of-a-kind handbook is prepared in a very user- friendly format that can easily be followed by students, teachers and researchers, as well as lay people. Stand-alone chapters on individual chemicals and major topics allow the reader to easily access required information without searching through the entire book.
This is the first book that offers in-depth coverage of individual toxicants, target organ toxicity, major incidents, toxic effects in humans, animals and wildlife, biosensors, biomarkers, on-site and laboratory analytical methods, decontamination and detoxification procedures, prophylactic, therapeutic and countermeasures, and the role of homeland security.
Presents a comprehensive look at all aspects of chemical warfare toxicology in one reference work. This saves researchers time in quickly accessing the very latest definitive details on toxicity of specific agents used in chemical warfare as opposed to searching through thousands of journal articles. Will include the most agent-specific information on the market.
Includes detailed coverage of the most exhaustive list of agents possibly used as chemical warfare agents in one source. Section 4: Agents That Can Be Used as Weapons of Mass Destruction ? 25 chapters long. Other books on the market only include a sample selection of specific agents. Offering all possible agents detailed under one cover makes this appealing to a wider audience and saves researchers time.

The Forward will be written by Dr. Tetsuo Satoh, Chiba University, Japan. He is one of the most respected, recognizable authorities on chemical warfare agents which will set the authoritative tone for the book.

Covers risk to humans, animals and the environment equally. Researchers involved in assessing the risks involved with a possible chemical warfare attack and those who are developing response plans to such attacks must look at not only the risks to human health but to our wildlife and environment as well. The holistic approach taken in this book ensures that the researchers have ready access to the details no matter which aspect of the effects of CWA's they might be concerned with.

How do we know which snakes are dangerous? This seemingly simple question caused constant concern for the white settlers who colonised Australia after 1788. Facing a multitude of serpents in the bush, their fields and their homes, colonists wanted to know which were the harmful species and what to do when bitten. But who could provide this expertise? Liberally illustrated with period images, Venomous encounters argues that much of the knowledge about which snakes were deadly was created by observing snakebite in domesticated creatures, from dogs to cattle. Originally accidental, by the middle of the nineteenth century this process became deliberate. Doctors, naturalists and amateur antidote sellers all caused snakes to bite familiar creatures in order to demonstrate the effects of venom - and the often erratic impact of 'cures'. In exploring this culture of colonial vivisection, Venomous encounters asks fundamental questions about human-animal relationships and the nature of modern medicine. -- .

When every moment counts, count on Poisoning & Drug Overdose Speed is crucial when dealing with toxicologic and drug-related emergencies. Finding answers quickly is easier than ever with this streamlined eighth edition of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. This instant-answer guide provides the critical information needed to diagnose and manage drug-related emergencies and chemical exposures. Updated with newly released drugs and new information on existing drugs, the guide covers initial emergency management, including treatment of coma, seizures and hypotension; physical and laboratory diagnosis; and methods of decontamination and enhanced elimination of poisons. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, Eighth Edition is divided into four sections: Section I. Provides a stepwise approach to the evaluation and treatment of coma, seizures, shock, and other complications of poisoning and the proper use of gastric decontamination and dialysis procedures. Section II. Lists specific poisons and drugs, as well as the pathophysiology, toxic dose and level, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and specific treatment associated with each substance. Section III. Covers descriptions of therapeutic drugs and antidotes, including pharmacology indications, adverse effects, drug interactions, and recommended dosage. Section IV. Describes the approach to hazardous materials incidents; the evaluation of occupational exposures; and the toxic effects, physical properties, and workplace limits for over 500 common industrial chemicals. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, Eighth Edition is enhanced by numerous tables and charts, as well as a user-friendly index. This trusted resource has consistently been relied upon by front line professionals responding to drug-related emergencies and chemical exposures.

The rate of neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, mental retardation, hearing loss and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is rising in the United States. Although estimates of the prevalence of these disorders vary, figures from the CDC indicate that 4% of all school age children are developmentally disabled. During infancy, many important milestones in behavioral development are shared between human and nonhuman primates. Learning more about the causes of abnormal development in monkeys has provided important insights into the mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disabilities in human infants. This book documents the latest research not commonly found in other references, and provides a comprehensive look at the results from decades of work with nonhuman primates as it relates to child development and disability.
* Includes hot topics such as early chemical exposures, immunological influences on development, low birth weight, endocrine disrupters, pediatric AIDS, origin of childhood psychopathologies and assisted reproductive technology
* Represents the significant body of work accumulated since funding for research on developmental disabilities has increased substantially in recent years

Fully revised and updated, Processing Contaminants in Edible Oils, 2nd edition, presents the latest research on monochloropropanediol (MCPD) and glycidyl esters in edible oils. These potentially harmful contaminants are formed during the industrial processing of food oils during deodorization. A number of advancements in understanding these have been made since the publication of the first edition. These important changes, which impact industrial mitigation, analytical methods, toxicology and regulation, are highlighted for up-to-date reference. The mechanisms of formation for MCPD and glycidyl ester contaminants, as well as research identifying possible precursor molecules are reviewed, as are strategies which have been used successfully to decrease the concentrations of these contaminants. From the removal of precursor molecules before processing, modifications of deodorization protocol, to approaches for the removal of these contaminants after the completion of processing, methods of mitigating and eliminating contaminants are presented.

"The book is comprised of individual reviews with the common goal of providing up-to-date state of the knowledge information on the role the environment plays in the pathogenesis of parkinsonism. The reviews focus on recent advances in the quest of deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms of parkinsonian dysfunction, highlight specific emerging dopaminergic toxicants and an alternative experimental model to study the link between environmental exposures and parkinsonism, and provide an update from epidemiological and experimental points of view related to the pesticide exposures and parkinsonism/Parkinson's Disease association. Foremost experts in their respective fields are the senior authors on each chapter and the book fills a critical void that now exists as a book of similar nature has not been published in the last 15 years. Researchers and clinicians with an interest in Parkinson's Disease and related disorders, as well as toxicologists, graduate students, and the general public who are interested in the contribution of environmental factors to neurological dysfunction are among the readership for this book."

This book focuses on the principles, methods, and interpretation involved in establishing the safety, risk, and hazard assessment of small molecules. It presents the regulatory requirements for risk and hazard identification as per the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Paris, and the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use ICH and Schedule 'Y', India. It serves as reference material for undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy degree students as well as senior researchers to learn about the principles, methods, and interpretations of systemic dosage (acute and repeated dose) and genotoxicity (in vitro and in vivo), special toxicological investigations such as reproductive and developmental toxicology, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics using animal models or in vitro methods, as applicable. This book is the first of its kind in providing information on the principles and methods of implementation of Good Laboratory Practice based on the guidelines of OECD. It includes detailed chapters about the regulatory requirements and guidelines in pharmaceutical products and agrochemicals. It also describes the infrastructure needed for preclinical studies, including in vivo and in vitro facilities.

Microbiological Analysis of Foods and Food Processing Environments is a well-rounded text that focuses on food microbiology laboratory applications. The book provides detailed steps and effective visual representations with microbial morphology that are designed to be easily understood. Sections discuss the importance of the characteristics of microorganisms in isolation and enumeration of microorganisms. Users will learn more about the characteristics of microorganisms in medicine, the food industry, analysis laboratories, the protection of foods against microbial hazards, and the problems and solutions in medicine and the food industry. Food safety, applications of food standards, and identification of microorganisms in a variety of environments depend on the awareness of microorganisms in their sources, making this book useful for many industry professionals.

Written by experts in the field, "Principles and Practice of Skin" "Toxicology" provides a "bottom up" approach to studying skin toxicology. It provides a clear outline of basic concepts, citing both historical and modern references, and contains a glossary of key terms for quick and easy reference.

Arranged in a user friendly and logical sequence, the book covers the five main areas of dermatotoxicology:

Principles of skin absorption. Explains the factors influencing dermal absorption and associated methods of measurement. Methods for assessing skin toxicity. An overview of both "in vivo" and "in vitro" approaches to testing, with particular emphasis on the validation and use of alternative test strategies. Clinical and occupational skin toxicity. A basic introduction to dermatology and related applications central to understanding dermal exposure to chemicals. Regulatory aspects. An overview of national and international legislation governing the safe marketing of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and industrial chemicals.

This book will be especially useful to scientists who are new to the area of dermal toxicology, as well as practitioners of toxicology, clinical researchers, and researchers in industry and academia.

This detailed volume explores practical procedures on the identification and quantification of pesticides in a variety of samples. Chapters guide the reader through methods and protocols for the extraction of pesticides from biological and non-biological samples, pitfalls in dosing techniques and structures identification, and also provide an overview of the problems that these pesticides cause in human populations. As part of the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of reagents and materials, step-by-step guides and reproducible lab protocols, as well as valuable tips on addressing common problems and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Pesticide Toxicology is an ideal reference for academia, analysts, toxicologists, environmentalists, and health and industry professionals aiming to understand the associated risks and to limit the use of these substances and minimize their potential damage to human health and the environment.

The book provides easy-to-understand diverse specialized topics in toxicology using self- study questions and answers. The answers are in the form of text along with custom made diagrams and explanations that help the student audience to understand and grasp the matter easily. It is written specifically as a study guide for the toxicology board and other examinations.

Nematodes are small multicellular organisms that have been used as biological models since the 1960s. For example, Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living nematode worm, about 1mm in length, that lives in temperate soil environments. It is made up of about 1000 cells, and has a short life cycle of only two weeks. It was the first multicellular organism to have its whole genome sequenced. The book summarizes the importance of nematodes as model organisms in the fields of genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, pharmacology, nutrition, ecology and parasitology. Of interest to a broad audience across a wide spectrum of disciplines, this book is useful for biologists working on comparative studies to investigate biological processes across organisms; medical scientists and pharmacologists for exploration of drugs and medicine (including the use of genome editing to eliminate diseases); ecologists considering nematodes as indicators for environment changes; and parasitologists for host-parasite interactions. Many other researchers can use this book as a benchmark for the broad implications of nematology research on other aspects of science.

This volume provides extensive health (toxicological) and safety handling information and data on over 1,000 chemicals of commercial and industrial importance.
This volume will provide extensive health (toxicological) and safe-handling information and data on more than 1000 chemicals of commercial and industrial importance. It provides chemical specific information pertinent to safe handling and transportation of chemicals, worker protection, emergency response information to address spills, explosions on fire situations, and chemical stability/reactivity data. It is designed as a standard reference handbook for chemical engineers, safety engineers, toxicologists, fire safety specialists, chemists, laboratory and plant technicians.
Provides extensive health and safe-handling information on more than 1,000
Standard reference work for those involved in chemical engineering and related fields

This book provides a thorough and up-to-date overview of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and its unique dual role in toxicology and biology. The coverage includes epigenetic mechanisms, gene expression, reproductive and developmental toxicity, signal transduction, and transgenic animal models. Featuring an internationally recognized team of authors at the forefront of AHR research, this resource provides a comprehensive reference for readers interested in understanding the full spectrum of AHR, from basic concepts, toxicology analysis, and models to polymorphism and related diseases.

Information Resources in Toxicology, Third Edition is a sourcebook for anyone who needs to know where to find toxicology information. It provides an up-to-date selective guide to a large variety of sources--books, journals, organizations, audiovisuals, internet and electronic sources, and more. For the Third Edition, the editors have selected, organized, and updated the most relevant information available. New information on grants and other funding opportunities, physical hazards, patent literature, and technical reports have also been added.
This comprehensive, time-saving tool is ideal for toxicologists, pharmacologists, drug companies, testing labs, libraries, poison control centers, physicians, legal and regulatory professionals, and chemists.
Key Features
* Serves as an all-in-one resource for toxicology information
* New edition includes information on publishers, grants and other funding opportunities, physical hazards, patent literature, and technical reports
* Updated to include the latest internet and electronic sources, e-mail addresses, etc.
* Provides valuable data about the new fields that have emerged within toxicological research; namely, the biochemical, cellular, molecular, and genetic aspects

Magnetic Resonance Procedures: Health Effects and Safety is the first authoritative text on MR procedures and its associated health and safety concerns written by noted radiologists, physicists, and scientists with expertise in the field. It contains both theoretical and practical information.

This timely text discusses emergent issues related to MR imaging and concerns such as shielding, the safe use of contrast agents, and management of patients with claustrophobia, anxiety, and emotional stress. It also contains a sample pre-MR screening form; comprehensive safety information for over 700 implants, devices, and materials; a list of medical devices and products for interventional MR procedures; and a summary of peer-reviewed MR safety studies.

In the wake of recent government demands for increased patient safety in hospitals, along with the rapidly expanding use of MRI, this book is particularly important. It is the definitive resource for information on the safety aspects of magnetic resonance procedures.

The only comprehensive work to cover all aspects of diuretic agents, the book discusses the pharmacology and toxicology of diuretic agents as well as the physiological effects. Experts in the field present the principles and experimental approaches for the study of interactions between pharmacologic compounds in relation to specific target organs. Diuretic Agents contains information on the mechanisms of action and application of diuretics, and details FDA regulations and pharmaceutical industry guidelines.
Key Features
* Written by experts in the field
* Covers all aspects of diuretic agents
* Includes information on the mechanisms of action and application of diuretics

Water containing significant amounts of inorganic and organic contaminants can have serious environmental consequences and serious health implications when ingested. Contamination of Water: Health Risk Assessment and Treatment Strategies takes an interconnected look at the various pollutants, the source of contamination, the effects of contamination on aquatic ecosystems and human health, and what the potential mitigation strategies are. This book is organized into three sections. The first section examines the sources of potential contamination. This includes considering the current scenario of heavy metal and pesticide contamination in water as well as the regions impacted due to industrialization, mining, or urbanization. The second section goes on to discuss water contamination and health risks caused by toxic elements, radiological contaminants, microplastics and nanoparticles, and pharmaceutical and personal care products. This book concludes with a section exploring efficient low-cost treatment technologies and remediation strategies that remove toxic pollutants from water. Contamination of Water incorporates both theoretical and practical information that will be useful for researchers, professors, graduate students, and professionals working on water contamination, environmental and health impacts, and the management and treatment of water resources.

This detailed book provides an accessible compendium of up-to-date methods in the fields of environmental toxicology, molecular toxicology, and toxicogenomics. Organized into four major sections, the volume examines methods utilizing model animal species, such as nematode, fruit fly, mice, chicken, and amphibians, methods using plants to study chemical toxicity, applying the Ames assay to chemical mutagenicity study, as well as methods for environmental chemical analysis. Although this book is divided into these parts, the methods can be used across species. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Environmental Toxicology and Toxicogenomics: Principles, Methods, and Applications serves as a valuable resource for the scientific community, particularly for young scientists and graduate and undergraduate students, inspiring more research in the vitally important field of environmental toxicity, molecular toxicology, and toxicogenomics.