Governments around the world are passing laws requiring industry to assess the toxicity of the chemicals and products they produce, but to do so while reducing, refining, or even replacing testing on animals. To meet these requirements, experimental toxicologists and risk assessors are adopting quantitative approaches and computer simulations to study the biological fate and effects of chemicals and drugs.

In "Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology" leading experts outline the current state of knowledge on the modeling of dose, tissue interactions and tissue responses. Each chapter describes the mathematical foundation, parameter estimation, challenges and perspectives for development, along with the presentation of a modeling template. Additionally, tools and approaches for conducting uncertainty, sensitivity and variability analyses in these models are described. Topics covered include:

the quantitative models of pharmacokinetics of individual chemicals and mixturesmodels for toxicant-target tissue interaction. models for cellular, organ, and organism responses.approaches, tools and challenges for model application and evaluation

A website containing computer codes accompanies the book to help the reader reconstruct the models described and discussed in the various chapters.

"Quantitative Modeling in Toxicology" serves as an essential reference source and tool box for risk assessors and researchers and students in toxicology, public health, pharmacology, and human toxicology interested in developing quantitative models for a better understanding of dose-response relationships.

Advances in Molecular Toxicology features the latest advances in the subspecialties of the broad area of molecular toxicology. This series details the study of the molecular basis of toxicology by which a vast array of agents encountered in the human environment, and produced by the human body, manifest themselves as toxins. The book is not strictly limited to documenting these examples, but also covers the complex web of chemical and biological events that give rise to toxin-induced symptoms and disease. The new technologies that are being harnessed to analyze and understand these events are also reviewed by leading experts in the field.

Das vorliegende Werk ist im Auftrage des Arztlichen Ausschusses der Deut schen Gesellschaft fiir Arbeitsschutz geschrieben worden, urn den derzeitigen Stand unserer medizinischen Kenntnisse iiber das taglich wachsende Gebiet der technischen Ltisungsmittel einheitlich zusammenzufassen. Es verfolgt den Zweck, die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen darzustellen, die notwendlg sind, urn die mit der Verwendung dieser Stoffe verbundenen mannigfaltigen. Gefahreft- fiir die menschliche Gesundheit zu erkennen und richtig zu beurteilen, und soIl davon ausgehend die Mittel und Wege zeigep., diesen Gefahren weckm. a. J3ig und wirksam zu begegnen. AuBer den experimentellen Untersuchvngen an Menschen und Tieren stiitzt es sich dabei auf die bisher vorliegenden Erfa, p gen aus der Praxis iiper gesundheitliche Schadigungen von Menschen. Der Inhalt des Buches, das ein Gegenstiick zur "Chemischen Technologie der Ltisungs mittel" von JORDAN blldet, ist ganz iiberwiegend. medizinischer Natur. Es ist aber keineswegs nur fiir den Gebrauch des Arztes geschrieben, sondern. es soIl vielmehr jedem, der irgendwie in Beriihrung mit dem hier behandeltO Gebiet kommt, ein Hilfsmittel bei seiner Arbeit sein. Die technischen Ltisungsmittel nehmen unter den gewerblichen Giften riaQh vielen Richtungen hin eine eigenartige Sonderstellung ein. Die Entwicklung' des ganzen Gebietes befindet sich noch in vollem FluB und unterliegt einem fortdauernden Wechsel. Unsere Kenntnisse auf diesem Gebiet sind nach mancher Richtung noch liickenhaft, viele Unklarheiten in der Beurteilung miissen noch eseitigt werden. Aus dieser Erkenntnis heraus wurde eine Arbeitsgemeinschaft gebildet, deren Mitgliedern bestimmte, besonders vordringlich" erscheinende Teilaufgaben zugewiesen wurden."

The rate at which toxicological data is generated is continually becoming more rapid and the volume of data generated is growing dramatically. This is due in part to advances in software solutions and cheminformatics approaches which increase the availability of open data from chemical, biological and toxicological and high throughput screening resources. However, the amplified pace and capacity of data generation achieved by these novel techniques presents challenges for organising and analysing data output. Big Data in Predictive Toxicology discusses these challenges as well as the opportunities of new techniques encountered in data science. It addresses the nature of toxicological big data, their storage, analysis and interpretation. It also details how these data can be applied in toxicity prediction, modelling and risk assessment. This title is of particular relevance to researchers and postgraduates working and studying in the fields of computational methods, applied and physical chemistry, cheminformatics, biological sciences, predictive toxicology and safety and hazard assessment.

Lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium are major toxic metals. All are environmental pollutants that can inflict harm on humans and other living creatures as well as adversely affect our air, water, soil, and food supply. They can poison not only us but also our progeny developing in the womb. They can break down the body's basic functions. This book describes the unique characteristics of each of the four major toxic metals, identifies the likely sources of our exposure, and offers in-depth, evidence based information, methods to test for its presence, and therapies to rid ti from our bodies.

Reports the conclusions of a scientific working group of 19 experts from 11 countries convened by the Monographs Programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) on the re-evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of airborne man-made vitreous fibres.

This volume evaluates carcinogenicity to humans of 19 chemicals that are carcinogenic to the thyroid follicular-cell epithelium in rodents. These included some so-called 'anti-thyroid' drugs (methimazole, methylthiouracil, propylthiou-racil and thiouracil); some sedatives (doxylamine succinate and phenobarbital); and some other drugs including the systemic antifungal antibiotic griseofulvin, the diuretic spironolactone, and the antibacterial sulfa drugs sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole. Other chemicals are or have been used in agriculture as pesticides (amitrole, chlordane/heptachlor, hexachlo-robenzene and toxaphene), in foods and cosmetics (kojic acid), in hair dyes (2,4-diaminoanisole) or as industrial chemicals (N,N'-diethylthiourea, ethylenethiourea and thiourea).

Explains how short-term infections from foodborne diseases can lead to long-term health issues. Details food-processing to agricultural practices, global warming and imported foods. This book is an eye-opener for anyone concerned with the safety of our food sources.

Das Fachlexikon Toxikologie gibt den auf dem Gebiet des Umweltschutzes, der Arbeitshygiene und Toxikologie tatigen Wissenschaftlern und Praktikern ebenso ein Hilfsmittel in die Hand wie den mit dem Transport gefahrlicher Guter oder den mit der schadlosen Beseitigung toxischer Abprodukte Beschaftigten. Daneben wendet sich das Fachlexikon auch an die Mitarbeiter von Feuerwehr, Polizei, Rettungsdiensten, Zoll und anderen Kontrollbehorden sowie an Lehrende und Studierende naturwissenschaftlicher Disziplinen, die nach einem kompakten und zugleich kompetenten Ratgeber suchen."

When our bodies start accumulating toxins faster than they can be eliminated, our tissues begin to store them. These stored toxins initiate degenerative processes that can lead to diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. Chelating agents-substances that latch on to and carry toxins out of the body-can help free us of this destructive load. In this book, the authors discuss the proper use of oral and intravenous chelating agents.

The International Association of Forensic Nurses has developed The Core Curriculum for Forensic Nursing, First Edition, for nurses who aim to work in, and gain certification in the field. The book is well illustrated with full cover photographs and images vital to a solid understanding of forensic nursing. Written by the world's experts in forensic nursing, the Core Curriculum for Forensic Nursing offers a practical organization and writing style to help with subject mastery and retention.

Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by occupational exposure during the spraying and application of insecticides. The book also features separate monographs evaluating the carcinogenicity of 17 individual pesticides, including several that have been banned by industrialized countries yet are still used in the developing world. Although some of these pesticides have been in use for more than four decades, evaluations of carcinogenicity were hindered by the sparsity of well-designed epidemiological studies. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates data from descriptive and ecological studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies suggesting an increased risk of cancer, most notably lung cancer, multiple myeloma and other tumours of B-cell origin, in workers exposed to insecticides during their application. On the basis of this evaluation, the book concludes that the spraying and application of nonarsenical insecticides entail exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans. The remaining monographs evaluate the carcinogenicity of aldicarb, atrazine, captafol, chlordane, DDT, deltamethrin, dichlorvos, fenvalerate, heptachlor, monuron, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, picloram, simazine, thiram, trifluralin, and zitram. Of these, captafol, a fungicide used on plants, for seed treatment, and as a wood preservative, was classified as probably carcinogenic to humans. Atrazine, chlordane, DDT, dichlorvos, heptachlor, and pentachlorophenol were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The remaining pesticides could not be classified on the basis of available data.

Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by the consumption of chlorinated drinking-water, by two chemicals used in the chlorination of drinking-water, by a number of halogenated by-products formed when chlorine interacts with organic matter in water, and by a selection of other halogenated compounds found in drinking-water. Chlorination was selected for evaluation because of its widespread use and because potentially carcinogenic by-products have been measured in chlorinated water. The book also includes a separate monograph on cobalt and cobalt compounds. The volume opens with a discussion of the many methodological problems that complicate efforts to assess the carcinogenicity of chlorinated water. Against this background, the book evaluates the design and findings of all studies relevant to the carcinogenicity assessment of chlorinated drinking-water, two chemicals (sodium chlorite and hypochlorite salts) used in the chlorination of water, eight of the by-products most frequently measured in drinking-water, and three additional halogenated chemicals detected in drinking-water. Because of the formidable methodological obstacles faced by all investigations, only one of these substances could be classified: bromodichloromethane was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph considers data on metallic cobalt, cobalt alloys, including cobalt-containing surgical implants and dental devices, and cobalt compounds. In view of the strength of evidence linking cobalt metal powder and cobalt[II] oxide to cancer in experimental animals, cobalt and cobalt compounds were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans

This volume is intended to guide readers through the important areas of work on naturally-occurring toxicants in food. It is aimed at food scientists and technologists, ingredients suppliers, quality assurance personnel, and analytical chemists and microbiologists working within environmental health laboratories.

Clinical Research in Paediatric Psychopharmacology: An Overview of the Ethical, Scientific and Regulatory Aspects provides a practical guide and overview of the ethical, scientific and regulatory aspects of clinical research in pediatric psychopharmacology, also discussing practical points to consider when developing clinical research in this field. The book is ideal for professionals involved in clinical research in pediatric psychopharmacology, i.e., including, but not limited to pediatricians, health care professionals, researchers, investigators, pharmaceutical company personals and potentially ethics committee members. Topics discussed include the role of patient organization and advocacy groups in research, the role of families and patients: 'should I involve my kid in clinical research, and historical, ethical, regulatory, clinical, scientific, intercultural and practical aspects of clinical research in child and adolescent psychopharmacology.

Preclinical screening for drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can predict toxicity and revolutionizedrug development

All too often, despite adherence to regulatory guidelines, a new drug reaches the market and its toxicity is not discovered until many patients have been exposed. In many cases, this unpredicted toxicity is due to the drug's adverse effects on mitochondrial function or replication. This reference presents technological developments that facilitate preclinical drug evaluation for potential mitochondrial toxicity, addressing the issue early in the drug development process. With chapters contributed by leading specialists in their areas, Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction:

Explains basic concepts so that non-specialists can understand mitochondrial function

Discusses mitochondrial etiology of organ toxicity, covering the liver, heart, and kidney, as well as the skeletal muscle, nervous system, and lipoatrophy

Details methodologies and techniques used to assess mitochondria function so researchers can address drug-induced mitochondrial impairment in their own labs

Includes new models that detect drug-induced mitochondrial impairment in short-duration studies typical of preclinical drug evaluations

Features both in vitro and in vivo methods for analysis, including practical screening approaches for drug discovery and development

This is the authoritative reference on drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction for safety assessment professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, including bench scientists and managers, and for pharmacologists and toxicologists in both drug and environmental health sciences.

"Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology" is a key reference on the integration of structure and functional changes in tissues associated with the response to pharmaceuticals, chemicals and biologics. The 3e has been expanded by a full volume, and covers aspects of safety assessment not discussed in the 2e. Completely revised with many new chapters, it remains the most authoritative reference on toxicologic pathology for scientists and researchers studying and making decisions on drugs, biologics, medical devices and other chemicals, including agrochemicals and environmental contaminants. New topics include safety assessment, the drug life cycle, risk assessment, communication and management, carcinogenicity assessment, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, biomarkers in toxicologic pathology, quality assurance, peer review, agrochemicals, nanotechnology, food and toxicologic pathology, the environment and toxicologic pathology and more.
Provides new chapters and in-depth discussion of timely topics in the area of toxicologic pathology and broadens the scope of the audience to include toxicologists and pathologists working in a variety of settingsOffers high-quality and trusted content in a multi-contributed work written by leading international authorities in all areas of toxicologic pathologyFeatures hundreds of full color images in both the print and electronic versions of the book to highlight difficult concepts with clear illustrations