Histological techniques form the basis of many areas of research, yet they can often be poorly understood. Aimed at postgraduate students and those at an early stage of their career, this title provides a detailed and comprehensive introduction to histological techniques. With detailed images and slides, this book provides a unique overview of the area while providing the reader with a guide to how to use and incorporate histological techniques within their own research. Written by experts working within the field, this book is an essential handbook for anyone wanting to learn more about histological methods and how to apply them successfully.

Now in its thirteenth edition, Dreisbach's Handbook of Poisoning is long established as the definitive handbook of poisoning for all physicians, nurses, crisis and hotline workers, paramedics, and students. Rapid response is critical during the initial management of poison cases. This ready-reference guide provides antidotes, antivenins, and more for a vast number of substances. It covers medical toxicology - including prevention and management of exposures, poisonings, adverse effects, abuse and withdrawal from pharmaceuticals - and household, environmental, and natural hazards.

The book begins by providing general information about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of poisoning. Then it considers the important medicolegal aspects of poisoning. The remainder of the book focuses on specific poisons, organized into agricultural, industrial, household, medicinal, and natural hazards. Chemically- and pharmacologically-related agents have been grouped together wherever possible. For optimal care of critical or unusual poisonings, the book also contains guidelines for consultations with medical toxicologists and regional poison information centers. A concise summary of the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning, Dreisbach's Handbook of Poisoning provides an extraordinary amount of practical information in a compact format.

Up-to-date coverage of vanadium research--in two accessible, self-contained volumes Vanadium in the Environment brings together the contributions of leading experts on the chemical and toxicological aspects of vanadium exposure and its effects on aquatic and terrestrial environments, human health, and wildlife. This second volume focuses on health effects and toxicology in living organisms, while Part One concentrates on chemistry and biochemistry. Topics in this second volume include:

• Health effects of environmental exposure to vanadium
• toxicology of vanadium in mammals
• Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of vanadium
• Baseline vanadium levels and exposure tests in humans
• Vanadium and metabolic problems
• Vanadium and its significance in animal cell metabolism
• Hematological effects of vanadium in living organisms
• Genetic toxicology of vanadium compounds
• Vanadium and the cardiovascular system: regulatory effects and toxicity
• Oxidative stress and pro-oxidant biological effects of vanadium
• Endocrine control of vanadium accumulation
• Vanadium detoxification
• Vanadium as a new tool for cancer prevention

The ACMT National Case Conference (NCC) is a monthly discussion of novel or interesting cases in medical toxicology. Participation is through online webinar, and the conferences are recorded to allow for review at any time. The cases in this book are taken from recordings of NCC with edits and revisions by contributors and editors to demonstrate educational points. The majority of the case information is from the original recording and represents actual patient presentations. However, some of the details have been changed and fictional information added to enhance the educational value. This volume covers a broad range of toxicological topics, and specialty guidance is offered at the end of every case to aid non-toxicologists. The dilemmas are applicable to both academic and clinical medicine. A list of relevant questions is also provided for each case. Subjects include common toxicological problems, rare presentations of common problems, common problems with controversial treatments or difficult diagnoses, and rare problems. Case Studies in Medical Toxicology from the American College of Medical Toxicology is a detailed reference text on specific toxicological issues and also serves as a practical review for those taking board exams. As a result, this volume is an important and necessary resource for medical students, residents, and fellows, as well as primary-care physicians, intensivists, and toxicologistsCase Studies in Medical Toxicology from the American College of Medical Toxicology is a detailed reference text on specific toxicological issues and also serves as a practical review for those taking board exams. As a result, this volume is an important and necessary resource for medical students, residents, and fellows, as well as primary-care physicians, intensivists, and toxicologists. All proceeds from this book will be donated to the Medical Toxicology Foundation.

Building on the previous edition with contributions from internationally renowned experts this book provides a fully comprehensive resource for managing the post emergency/treatment stage of acute poisoning. Chapters incorporate evidence-based paradigms with up-to-date citations from the original medical literature. Topic areas covered include: diagnosis and management of the critically poisoned patient, including pediatric patients and poisoning in pregnancy; toxic syndromes including hepatotoxic and pulmonary syndromes as well as poisonings from medications, drugs of abuse, chemical and biological agents. This book is an essential resource for Clinical Toxicologists, Intensivists and Emergency Medicine specialists in training and in practice.

Examines effects of the environmental distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes on human health and the ecosystem

Resistance genes are everywhere in nature--in pathogens, commensals, and environmental microorganisms. This contributed work shows how the environment plays a pivotal role in the development of antimicrobial resistance traits in bacteria and the distribution of resistant microbial species, resistant genetic material, and antibiotic compounds. Readers will discover the impact of the distribution in the environment of antimicrobial resistance genes and antibiotics on both the ecosystem and human and animal health.

Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment is divided into four parts:

Part I, Sources, including ecological and clinical consequences of antibiotic resistance by environmental microbes

Part II, Fate, including strategies to assess and minimize the biological risk of antibiotic resistance in the environment

Part III, Antimicrobial Substances and Resistance, including antibiotics in the aquatic environment

Part IV, Effects and Risks, including the effect of antimicrobials used for non-human purposes on human health

Recognizing the intricate links among overlapping complex systems, this book examines antimicrobial resistance using a comprehensive ecosystem approach. Moreover, the book's multidisciplinary framework applies principles of microbiology, environmental toxicology, and chemistry to assess the human and ecological risks associated with exposure to antibiotics or antibiotic resistance genes that are environmental contaminants.

Each chapter has been written by one or more leading researchers in such fields as microbiology, environmental science, ecology, and toxicology. Comprehensive reference lists at the end of all chapters serve as a gateway to the primary research in the field.

Presenting and analyzing the latest findings in a field of growing importance to human and environmental health, this text offers readers new insights into the role of the environment in antimicrobial resistance development, the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant genetic elements, and the transport of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotics.

Pharmacotherapy is an important part of the treatment of most major psychiatric disorders. Although psychiatric drugs can have immense benefits for patients, adverse syndromes are common, causing significant distress for patients. Some side-effects are potentially life threatening if not detected and treated appropriately. Despite the importance of this subject there is a great shortage of practical advice on this topic.
This book will help psychiatrists, GPs, pharmacists and nurses prevent, recognize, and manage adverse syndromes associated with psychiatric drugs. It provides an easily readable account of most almost all the adverse syndromes that clinicians will ever encounter.
Each section is written by an authority in the area, with each syndrome clearly laid out to include the following information: Clinical features, Pharmacological basis, Differential diagnosis, Management, Risk factors and prevention.
Summary tables are also provided, along with key references for further reading. Clearly written and authoritative, this book will be of enormous practical value to all clinicians managing patients who have been prescribed psychiatric drugs.

Dieses Buch vereint in einzigartiger Zusammenstellung die humanmedizinisch und veterinarmedizinisch wichtigen Giftpflanzen, die uns in Haus und Natur umgeben.
In systematischer Reihenfolge werden die einzelnen Pflanzen mit Ursache und Symptomen der von ihnen ausgelosten Vergiftungen detailliert beschrieben, chemisch-pharmakologische Fakten zu den wirksamen Giften aufgefuhrt und therapeutische (Erst-)Massnahmen genannt.
Fur den praktizierenden Arzt und Tierarzt ist das Buch ein ideales Nachschlagewerk, fur den interessierten Tierbesitzer, Gartner und Floristen ein wertvoller Ratgeber und auch fur Biologen, Chemiker, Toxikologen und Apotheker eine wissenschaftlich-spannende Lekture."

Das vorliegende Werk ist im Auftrage des Arztlichen Ausschusses der Deut schen Gesellschaft fiir Arbeitsschutz geschrieben worden, urn den derzeitigen Stand unserer medizinischen Kenntnisse iiber das taglich wachsende Gebiet der technischen Ltisungsmittel einheitlich zusammenzufassen. Es verfolgt den Zweck, die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen darzustellen, die notwendlg sind, urn die mit der Verwendung dieser Stoffe verbundenen mannigfaltigen. Gefahreft- fiir die menschliche Gesundheit zu erkennen und richtig zu beurteilen, und soIl davon ausgehend die Mittel und Wege zeigep., diesen Gefahren weckm. a. J3ig und wirksam zu begegnen. AuBer den experimentellen Untersuchvngen an Menschen und Tieren stiitzt es sich dabei auf die bisher vorliegenden Erfa, p gen aus der Praxis iiper gesundheitliche Schadigungen von Menschen. Der Inhalt des Buches, das ein Gegenstiick zur "Chemischen Technologie der Ltisungs mittel" von JORDAN blldet, ist ganz iiberwiegend. medizinischer Natur. Es ist aber keineswegs nur fiir den Gebrauch des Arztes geschrieben, sondern. es soIl vielmehr jedem, der irgendwie in Beriihrung mit dem hier behandeltO Gebiet kommt, ein Hilfsmittel bei seiner Arbeit sein. Die technischen Ltisungsmittel nehmen unter den gewerblichen Giften riaQh vielen Richtungen hin eine eigenartige Sonderstellung ein. Die Entwicklung' des ganzen Gebietes befindet sich noch in vollem FluB und unterliegt einem fortdauernden Wechsel. Unsere Kenntnisse auf diesem Gebiet sind nach mancher Richtung noch liickenhaft, viele Unklarheiten in der Beurteilung miissen noch eseitigt werden. Aus dieser Erkenntnis heraus wurde eine Arbeitsgemeinschaft gebildet, deren Mitgliedern bestimmte, besonders vordringlich" erscheinende Teilaufgaben zugewiesen wurden."

The network approaches of systems pharmacology and toxicology serve as early predictors of the most relevant screening approach to pursue both in drug discovery and development and ecotoxicological assessments. Computational approaches have the potential to improve toxicological experimental design, enable more rapid drug efficacy and safety testing and also reduce the number of animals used in experimentation. Rapid advances in availability of computing technology hold tremendous promise for advancing applied and basic science and increasing the efficiency of risk assessment. This book provides an understanding of the basic principles of computational toxicology and the current methods of predictive toxicology using chemical structures, toxicity-related databases, in silico chemical-protein docking, and biological pathway tools. The book begins with an introduction to systems pharmacology and toxicology and computational tools followed by a section exploring modelling adverse outcomes and events. The second part of the book covers the discovery of protein targets and the characterisation of toxicant-protein interactions. Final chapters include case studies and additionally discuss interactions between phytochemicals and Western therapeutics. This book will be useful for scientists involved in environmental research and risk assessment. It will be a valuable resource for postgraduate students and researchers wishing to learn about key methods used in studying biological targets both from a toxicity and pharmacological activity standpoint.

Reports the conclusions of a scientific working group of 19 experts from 11 countries convened by the Monographs Programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) on the re-evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of airborne man-made vitreous fibres.

This volume evaluates carcinogenicity to humans of 19 chemicals that are carcinogenic to the thyroid follicular-cell epithelium in rodents. These included some so-called 'anti-thyroid' drugs (methimazole, methylthiouracil, propylthiou-racil and thiouracil); some sedatives (doxylamine succinate and phenobarbital); and some other drugs including the systemic antifungal antibiotic griseofulvin, the diuretic spironolactone, and the antibacterial sulfa drugs sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole. Other chemicals are or have been used in agriculture as pesticides (amitrole, chlordane/heptachlor, hexachlo-robenzene and toxaphene), in foods and cosmetics (kojic acid), in hair dyes (2,4-diaminoanisole) or as industrial chemicals (N,N'-diethylthiourea, ethylenethiourea and thiourea).

Dow Chemical developed the Chemical Exposure Index to help its engineers design and operate safer facilities. This seminal guide to rating the relative acute health hazard potential of a chemical release to workers and the neighboring community is available to the chemical process community. The index uses a methodology for estimating airborne quantity released, which allows for more sophisticated process analyses.

Special Details: Softcover. The Dow Chemical Exposure Index and the Dow Fire and Explosion Index Hazard Classification Guide and the are designed to complement each other, helping engineers evaluate the total hazard potential of new installations These guides are invaluable resources for process design engineers, plant managers, and others involved in the safe design and operation of chemical plants. Don't take your plant's safety analysis only halfway--Purchase both books and take $10 off the combined list price.

This book addresses the biological effects of the reasonably large number of classes of compounds that have been recognized as endocrine disrupters. These compounds have been found to persist as pollutants in the environment, and have been blamed for causing developmental disorders and/or fertility problems in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and possibly humans. This book presents the relevant fundamentals of the endocrine systems of animals and humans, the toxicology, developmental toxicology, ecology, and risk assessment methods, and lays out the current state of understanding for the whole field, organized by the classes of compounds that have been identified as endocrine disrupters.

Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by occupational exposure during the spraying and application of insecticides. The book also features separate monographs evaluating the carcinogenicity of 17 individual pesticides, including several that have been banned by industrialized countries yet are still used in the developing world. Although some of these pesticides have been in use for more than four decades, evaluations of carcinogenicity were hindered by the sparsity of well-designed epidemiological studies. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates data from descriptive and ecological studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies suggesting an increased risk of cancer, most notably lung cancer, multiple myeloma and other tumours of B-cell origin, in workers exposed to insecticides during their application. On the basis of this evaluation, the book concludes that the spraying and application of nonarsenical insecticides entail exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans. The remaining monographs evaluate the carcinogenicity of aldicarb, atrazine, captafol, chlordane, DDT, deltamethrin, dichlorvos, fenvalerate, heptachlor, monuron, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, picloram, simazine, thiram, trifluralin, and zitram. Of these, captafol, a fungicide used on plants, for seed treatment, and as a wood preservative, was classified as probably carcinogenic to humans. Atrazine, chlordane, DDT, dichlorvos, heptachlor, and pentachlorophenol were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The remaining pesticides could not be classified on the basis of available data.

Evaluates the carcinogenic risk to humans posed by the consumption of chlorinated drinking-water, by two chemicals used in the chlorination of drinking-water, by a number of halogenated by-products formed when chlorine interacts with organic matter in water, and by a selection of other halogenated compounds found in drinking-water. Chlorination was selected for evaluation because of its widespread use and because potentially carcinogenic by-products have been measured in chlorinated water. The book also includes a separate monograph on cobalt and cobalt compounds. The volume opens with a discussion of the many methodological problems that complicate efforts to assess the carcinogenicity of chlorinated water. Against this background, the book evaluates the design and findings of all studies relevant to the carcinogenicity assessment of chlorinated drinking-water, two chemicals (sodium chlorite and hypochlorite salts) used in the chlorination of water, eight of the by-products most frequently measured in drinking-water, and three additional halogenated chemicals detected in drinking-water. Because of the formidable methodological obstacles faced by all investigations, only one of these substances could be classified: bromodichloromethane was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph considers data on metallic cobalt, cobalt alloys, including cobalt-containing surgical implants and dental devices, and cobalt compounds. In view of the strength of evidence linking cobalt metal powder and cobalt[II] oxide to cancer in experimental animals, cobalt and cobalt compounds were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans

The aim of this book is to provide the scientific background to using the formation of chemical categories, or groups, of molecules to allow for read-across i.e. the prediction of toxicity from chemical structure. It covers the scientific basis for this approach to toxicity prediction including the methods to group compounds (structural analogues and / or similarity, mechanism of action) and the tools to achieve this. The approaches to perform read-across within a chemical category are also described. The book will provide concise practical guidance for those wishing to apply these methods (in risk / hazard assessment) and will be illustrated with case studies. Chemical Toxicity Prediction is the first book that addresses the concept of category formation and read-across for toxicity prediction specifically. This topic has really taken off in the past few years due to concerns over dealing with the REACH legislation and also due to the availability of the OECD (Q)SAR Toolbox. Much (lengthy and complex) guidance is available on category formation e.g. from the OECD and, to a lesser extent, the European Chemicals Agency but there is no one single source of information that covers all techniques in a concise user-friendly format. There is a real need for this information as in silico toxicology has come to the fore in recent years, primarily as a result of the EU REACH legislation, but also due to many other drivers e.g. reduction of animal testing, Cosmetics regulation. Category formation is seen as the only practical approach to make rational and transparent predictions for complex (human) toxicological endpoints. The book covers all the areas required to create a robust category and perform read-across.

When every moment counts, count on Poisoning & Drug Overdose Speed is crucial when dealing with toxicologic and drug-related emergencies. Finding answers quickly is easier than ever with this streamlined eighth edition of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. This instant-answer guide provides the critical information needed to diagnose and manage drug-related emergencies and chemical exposures. Updated with newly released drugs and new information on existing drugs, the guide covers initial emergency management, including treatment of coma, seizures and hypotension; physical and laboratory diagnosis; and methods of decontamination and enhanced elimination of poisons. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, Eighth Edition is divided into four sections: Section I. Provides a stepwise approach to the evaluation and treatment of coma, seizures, shock, and other complications of poisoning and the proper use of gastric decontamination and dialysis procedures. Section II. Lists specific poisons and drugs, as well as the pathophysiology, toxic dose and level, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and specific treatment associated with each substance. Section III. Covers descriptions of therapeutic drugs and antidotes, including pharmacology indications, adverse effects, drug interactions, and recommended dosage. Section IV. Describes the approach to hazardous materials incidents; the evaluation of occupational exposures; and the toxic effects, physical properties, and workplace limits for over 500 common industrial chemicals. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, Eighth Edition is enhanced by numerous tables and charts, as well as a user-friendly index. This trusted resource has consistently been relied upon by front line professionals responding to drug-related emergencies and chemical exposures.

In Silico methods to predict toxicity have become increasingly important recently, particularly in light of European legislation such as REACH and the Cosmetics Regulation. They are also being used extensively worldwide e.g. in the USA, Canada, Japan and Australia. In assessing the risk that a chemical may pose to human health or to the environment, focus is now being directed towards exploitation of in silico methods to replace in vivo or in vitro techniques. A prediction of potential toxicity requires several stages: 1) Collation and organisation of data available for the compound, or if this is not available, information for related compounds. 2) An assessment of the quality of the data. 3) Generation of additional information about the compound using computational techniques at various levels of complexity - calculation of physico-chemical properties, 2-D, 3-D / MO descriptors and specific receptor modelling / interaction. 4) Use of an appropriate strategy to predict toxicity - ie a statistically valid method which makes best use of all available information (mechanism of action, activity for related compounds, extrapolation across species and endpoints, likely exposure scenario amounts over time etc). 5) Consideration then needs to be given to how this information is used in the real world ie use of expert systems / tools as relevant to assessors (if sufficiently different to previous) - weight of evidence approaches. 6) Finally evidence should be presented from case studies within this area. No other publication brings together information on all of these areas in one book and this publication is unique in that it provides a logical progression through every one of these key stages and defines the use of computational approaches to predict the environmental toxicity and human health effects of organic chemicals. The volume is aimed at the developers and users of in silico toxicology and provides an analysis of all aspects required for in silico prediction of toxicology, including data collation, quality assessment and computational approaches. The contributions from recognised leaders in each of these areas include evidence of the use and applicability of approaches using real world case studies concerning both environmental and human health effects. The book provides a very useful single source reference for people working in this area including academics, professionals, under- and post-graduate students as well as Governmental Regulatory Scientists involved in chemical risk assessment and REACH.

As a guide for pharmaceutical professionals to the issues and practices of drug discovery toxicology, this book integrates and reviews the strategy and application of tools and methods at each step of the drug discovery process. - Guides researchers as to what drug safety experiments are both practical and useful - Covers a variety of key topics - safety lead optimization, in vitro-in vivo translation, organ toxicology, ADME, animal models, biomarkers, and -omics tools - Describes what experiments are possible and useful and offers a view into the future, indicating key areas to watch for new predictive methods - Features contributions from firsthand industry experience, giving readers insight into the strategy and execution of predictive toxicology practices