Responding to the dramatic scientific and technological developments in the agro-food sector and to the enormous public concern about novel food production and novel food ingredients this volume focusses on defining, classifying and reassessing the quality of food towards human nutritional needs aimed at health. It is designed for all those actively involved in the food sector and for interested lay persons and responsible consumers interested in getting information about the driving forces of the present and future food market, the food industry, and the food policy and the consumer association.

Psychoneuroendocrinology is the study of the interaction between hormones, the brain and human behaviour. This is the first book to examine psychoneuroendocrinology in the context of sport and exercise, offering a comprehensive review of current research and assessment techniques and highlighting directions for future research. The book explores the links between hormones and behaviour, and draws important conclusions for how their study will aid in the understanding of the bidirectional link between sport and behaviour, central to the psychology of sport and exercise. It presents the key hormones that underpin behaviour in a sporting context, including the description of their physiologic mechanisms and behavioural effects. The book reports benchmark standards for the assessment and analysis of hormonal influences of behaviour in sport, and examines practical issues and contexts such as emotional state, overtraining and stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology in Sport and Exercise is a breakthrough text that will be of interest to all advanced students and researchers working in the psychology and physiology of sport and exercise.

Mitochondrial diseases are often hard to diagnose. From the time they were first researched without animal models, patients of mitochondrial diseases were of equal interest to both clinical and basic scientists. With the new research done, this book includes updates on the normal structure, function, and molecular biology of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, information on traditional diagnostical methodologies, and an overview of the diagnostic promise of new technologies. The hypermetabolism of Luft disease, although only seen twice, is also studied. There are critical reviews of symptoms and signs associated with syndromes, as well as updates on the genetic defects of either the mitochondrial or the nuclear genome responsible for many disorders.

The aim of this volume is to underline that promoting physical activity is crucial to preventing illness and maintaining our health, thus leading to a reduction in healthcare costs. Over the last decade studies have shown that physical exercise plays an important role in maintaining an individual's psycho-physical balance. Physical activity therefore helps in tackling today's major health challenges, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory diseases.

This timely book provides an overview of topics related to obesity. These include associated health risks, childhood obesity, genetics, evaluation, treatment, behavioral strategies, and successes and failures in preventing obesity. The volume covers evaluation guidelines, different approaches to treatment, including diet, exercise, behavior, drugs, and surgery to deal with the current world-wide obesity epidemic.

This book is an organized approach to understanding bone growth and disease. It integrates anatomic and radiologic knowledge of enchondral and membranous bone growth and emphasizes the similarities of the physis and acrophysis in development. The artwork, jointly produced by artist and author, illustrates the concepts described. The identification of abnormality is aided by the explanations of the causes in terms of pattern recognition.

Research into the paraoxonase (PON) multigene family has really only blossomed in the last 10 years. Before this time only PON1 was known and research was restricted to toxicologists investigating the metabolism of organophosphate insecticides and nerve gases and a few mad scientists searching for natural substrates.

Since this time two new members PON2 and PON3 have been discovered, all 3 PONs have been shown to act as antioxidants and the PON family has taken centre stage as major players in the development of a wide variety of diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, Alzheimer and many more while remaining important in determining organophosphate toxicity.

In September 2006 the 2nd International Conference on Paraoxonases took place in Hajduszoboszlo, Hungary, bringing together the world's foremost experts in the field. The current book is a distillation of the plenary lectures which took place at the meeting, resulting in a comprehensive up to date, state of the art review of current paraoxonase research."

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition in developed countries and is a cluster of several risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that includes increased body mass index/waist circumference, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperclycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, which are all major causes of morbidity and death. This volume provides a critical review and discussion of the knowledge gathered on MS and analyzes the interplay between oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and angiogenesis features. There is a special focus on recent discoveries and progress toward possible therapeutic strategies, such as the role of glucose transporters within MS; the effects of polyphenols as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic compounds. The role of NFkB, nitric oxide synthases, hypoxia-inducible factors, and many other molecules that play a part in the development of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as angiogenesis is also covered. This book fills the gap between basic science and medical care, and provides the reader with the skills to apply rigorous basic science to clinical settings of metabolic syndrome-associated disorders.

A definitive review in the field of magnesium research, this book brings together the proceedings of the 11th International Magnesium Symposium in Osaka, Japan from October 22-26, 2006. Written by authorities in the area, the book provides a thorough overview of progress in the area of magnesium research. The author is one of the world's foremost magnesium researchers and reviewers, and the book provides essential reading for researchers in magnesium.

Auf die Bedurfnisse der taglichen Praxis abgestimmt
Strukturierte, klar definierte Vorgehensweisen fur Diagnostik, Therapiekonzepte und personalisierte Therapieziele.

Umfassende Information, inklusive
- Pravention, Fruherkennung
- Begleiterkrankungen: Fettstoffwechselstorungen, Hypertonie ...
- Folgeerkrankungen: Gefasserkrankungen, Nephropathie, Neuropathien ...
- Patientenschulung: Ernahrung, Lebensfuhrung ...
Besonderheiten bei
- Kindern/Jugendlichen, Schwangeren, alten Patienten
- perioperativer Betreuung, enteraler und parenteraler Ernahrung
- psychiatrischen Erkrankungen einschliesslich Demenz
- Sport, Reisen
Komplexe Fragen kompetente Antworten
- Stufentherapie individuell abgestimmt auf Begleiterkrankungen, Bedurfnisse und Moglichkeiten des Patienten
- Praxistipps fur typische und atypische Therapieprobleme
- neue und zukunftige Therapieformen

NEU u.a.
- Bariatrische Chirurgie
- Compliance und Empowerment
- Qualitatssicherung und Versorgungsforschung
- DMPs, DRGs

Nach den Leitlinien/Richtlinien
- Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG)
- Osterreichische Diabetesgesellschaft (ODG)
- Schweizerische Gesellschaft fur Endokrinologie und Diabetologie (SGED)

Interdisziplinar, topaktuell. Von den fuhrenden Experten aus Deutschland, Osterreich, Schweiz.

Wissen fur das optimale Diabetes-Management gerade heute besonders wichtig."

Enzymes are the astonishing, tiny molecular machines that make life possible. Each one of these small proteins speeds up a single chemical reaction inside a living organism many millionfold. Working together, teams of enzymes carry out all the processes that collectively we recognise as life, from making DNA to digesting food. This Very Short Introduction explains the why and the how of speeding up these reactions - catalysis - before going on to reveal how we have evolved these catalysts of such extraordinary power and exquisite selectivity. Paul Engel shows how X-ray crystallography has revealed the complex molecular shapes that allow enzymes to function at an extraordinarily sophisticated level. He also examines medical aspects of enzymes, both in the way faulty enzymes cause disease and in the way enzymes can be used for diagnosis and therapy. Finally, he looks at the many varied ways in which individual enzymes, taken out of their biological context, are used nowadays as tools - in washing powders, food production, waste treatment, and chemical synthesis. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Fabry disease is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism wherein deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme results in systemic deposition of glycosphingolipids. Storage deposition, and hence pathological disease, occurs preferentially in renal glomerular and tubular epithelial cells, myocardial cells, heart valve fibrocytes, neurons of dorsal root ganglia, and in endothelial smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Thus, Fabry disease is a multi-system disorder, albeit with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in onset and in severity; however, it is progressive, exhibits extensive morbidity, and is life-threatening. Within the past two decades, there has been a radical change in the natural course Fabry disease by virtue of the availability of specific enzyme replacement therapy. Moreover, there has been a concerted effort to better understand the underlying pathology and equally to identify patients prior to the onset of irreversible end-organ damage. It is to be hoped that the future for patients with Fabry disease can be viewed with greater, albeit guarded, optimism. This state-of-the-art textbook attempts to bridge the span of pre-clinical studies, clinical finding, and management options in a readable but comprehensive manner for the medical practitioner as well as the interested non-medical reader.

During the last 8-10 years the research on homocysteine has become very active. Hundreds of articles are now published each year. A disturbed homocysteine metabolism can be an underlying factor for pregnancy complications and fetal malformations, cardiovascular disease, dementia, psychiatric and neurologic disorders and possibly carcinogenesis. A disturbed homocysteine metabolism can in most cases be normalized by treatment with folate and/or vitamines B12 and B6. Many of these findings therefore directly concern most practitioners.

The critically ill patient in intensive care may present with serious metabolic alterations caused directly by the illness or secondarily by complications (e.g. infections, organ failure or sepsis) developing within a few hours of hospitaliza tion or in the following days. Among the situations which maintain and further trigger rapidly evolving altered metabolism are complex hormonal reactions, particularly those of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis, and abnormal stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. In fact, the sympathetic nervous system is known to cause significant metabolic alterations. For example, a surgery patient afflicted by septic complications may become hypercatabolic and experience significant nitrogen loss; the altered protein metabolism may in turn heavily influence carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well. Thus, it is apparent that for optimal care of patients with altered metabolic functions, further knowledge is necessary regarding the physiopathology of metabolism and the physiopathological mechanisms, which alter the consump tion of principal energy substrates. Many experimental and clinical studies have investigated the metabolic aspects of individual organs or organ systems. However, for a correct evaluation of such metabolic events, in addition to studying the roles of metabolic enzymes, active metabolites, and the glutathione system, it is interesting to consider the use of indirect calorimetry as a valid and important investigative technique. The critically ill patient with major alterations in nutritional status may require artificial nutritive support administered through either parenteral or enteral routes."

As an endocrinologist and research scientist--and a diabetic for over 29 years--Dr. Joseph Juliano has devoted his life to understanding the disease. Now, he shows the millions of Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes sufferers how to avoid complications and overcome them if they occur, empowering readers with the motivation and information to control their disease.

The author, blind since 1984 from complications of diabetes, talks about his own experiences.

1. 1 Scientific Aims In recent years, there has been a definite trend away from the casuistic scientific thinking which has dominated the scientific world, at least in the field of medicobi ological research. Now, in the last decade of this century, scientists are returning to a conceptual way of thinking that characterized the beginning of this century, namely organismal thinking. The holistic concept is not a new one; it was rekindled by a small group of scientists who, in the previous two decades, have begun to warn against too great an emphasis being placed on a molecular casuistic approach as the final pursuit to science (see Duncker 1983). These thinkers were perhaps instrumental in helping to turn the tide, to instruct and encourage fellow researchers to extend their findings from the molecular and to the organismal (see Duncker 1983, 1992a, b; Duncker and Kreite 1987). Having observed the ceca of many different animals for many years and having described their morphology at different levels of study -from the macroscopic to the electron microscopy level - the need to compare and observe these morphological entities in a quantitiative way became increasingly imminent. Quantitative methodol ogy in morphology requires the use of morphometry, which in the most general terms can be described as the measurement of the forms of animals. As defined by Reith and Meyhew (1988), it is quantitative morphology, i. e., the measurement of structures by any method, including stereology."

Take control of your weight--and your diabetes. Managing your weight is critical when you have diabetes. In fact, losing as little as 10 to 20 pounds can improve diabetes control. With this innovative book, you can manage your weight and your diabetes by making gradual lifestyle changes you'll be able to live with for the rest of your life--like following a low-fat meal plan, becoming more active, and managing stress. Weight Management for Type II Diabetes will help you assess habits, teach you techniques of behavior change, and motivate you to find the support you need to manage both diabetes and your weight. This interactive guide takes you through the steps of developing a personalized plan that considers your lifestyle, personality, family situation, and wants and needs. Authors Jackie Labat, MS, RD, CDE, and Annette Maggi, MS, RD, will help you:
* Set reasonable goals
* Keep pace with an exercise program
* Design your own meal plan
* Handle special occasions
* Manage stress
* Learn to deal with lapses
The book also provides fat and calorie counts, grocery shopping tips, and a lesson in low-fat cooking.

This introduction to the mechanisms by which the body metabolizes and excretes administered drugs is directed at advanced undergraduate biochemists, pharmacologists, pre-clinical medical strudents and advanced undergraduate/postgraduate toxicologists. The subject is approached from both biochemical and physiological angles. The examples of drug metabolism have been kept clinically relevant, so that the practical importance of the subject can be easily appreciated. The book contains a section of experimental procedures for setting up student practicals in drug metabolism.

Recent years have seen a greater industrial emphasis in undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the pharmaceutical and chemical sciences. However, textbooks have been slow to adapt, leaving the field without a text/reference that is both instructional and practical in the industrial setting - until now. A Handbook of Bioanalysis and Drug Metabolismis a stimulating new text that examines the techniques, methodology, and theory of bioanalysis, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism from the perspective of scientists with extensive professional experience in drug discovery and development. These three areas of research help drug developers to optimize the active component within potential drugs thereby increasing their effectiveness, and to provide safety and efficacy information required by regulators when granting a drug license. Professionals with extensive experience in drug discovery and development as well as specialized knowledge of the individual topics contributed to each chapter to create a current and well-credentialed text. It covers topics such as high performance liquid chromatography, protein binding, pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. The unique industrial perspective helps to reinforce theory and develop valuable analytical and interpreting skills. This text is an invaluable guide to students in courses such as pharmaceutical science, pharmacology, chemistry, physiology and toxicology, as well as professionals in the biotechnology industry.

With contributions from 66 world-renowned authorities on the subject, Genomics And Proteomics In Nutrition focuses on the effect of genetic expression on protein production, establishing links between gene expression and nutrition, the influence of micro- and macronutrients on cellular homeostasis, and the relationship between diet, genetic predisposition, and human disease. Shows how bioinformatics and functional genomic databases can transform molecular biology research using a yeast ELO2/ human HELO1 protein cloning example. A cutting-edge reference, Genomics and Proteomics in Nutrition reveals new applications and insights in nutrition science and explores tools for nutrition research in the post-genomic era.

An intimate relation between hormones and lipoprotein metabolism has been known for a long time especially from hormone-deficiency or -overproduction syndromes. The mechanisms through which hormones influence lipid metabolism have become a field of major interest in sci ence. The more we learn about cellular hormonal actions the better we understand regulatory processes and phenomena occuring in patients. The present book summarizes data discussed at an International Meet ing at Marburg, Germany, on "Hormones in Lipoprotein Metabolism." It was an attempt to pull together knowledge in basic science from the mode of action of hormones all the way to clinical appearance of hor monal disorders involving lipoprotein metabolism. Thus data on molec ular biology, on hormonal regulation of apolipoprotein synthesis, on lipoprotein receptors and enzyme induction are discussed together with the large field of oral contraceptive use, postmenopausal estrogen sub stitution, lipid disorders in diabetes mellitus, in thyroid dysfunction, in adrenal insufficiency and in glucocorticoid application. We are aware of the fact that such an overview cannot be complete but should serve as a collection of data and ideas for those interested in hormonal regulation of lipid metabolism. We thank all authors for taking an extra effort in writing up their presentations and thus making this edition possible. We also thank Bristol-Myers-Squibb for generous support of the meeting and of the final publication. Marburg, Germany ARMIN STEINMETZ JURGEN SCHNEIDER HANS KAFFARNIK Contents Molecular Biology Chairmen: D. J. Rader, A."