Iron is indispensable for the growth, development and well-being of almost all living organisms. Biological systems from bacteria, fungi and plants to humans have evolved systems for the uptake, utilisation, storage and homeostasis of iron. Its importance for microbial growth makes its uptake systems a natural target for pathogenic microorganisms and parasites. Uniquely, humans suffer from both iron deficiency and iron overload, while the capacity of iron to generate highly reactive free radicals, causing oxidative stress, is associated with a wide range of human pathologies, including many neurodegenerative diseases. Whereas some essential metal ions like copper and zinc are closely linked with iron metabolism, toxic metals like aluminium and cadmium can interfere with iron metabolism. Finally, iron metabolism and homeostasis are key targets for the development of new drugs for human health. The 4th edition of Iron Metabolism is written in a lively style by one of the leaders in the field, presented in colour and covers the latest discoveries in this exciting area. It will be essential reading for researchers and students in biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, cell biology, nutrition and medical sciences. Other interested groups include biological inorganic chemists with an interest in iron metabolism, health professionals with an interest in diseases of iron metabolism, or of diseases in which iron uptake systems are involved (eg. microbial and fungal infections, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders), and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry interested in developing novel drugs targeting iron metabolism/homeostasis.

Although prostaglandin El (PGE ) has been clinically available for a long 1 time, only in recent years has its effectiveness in peripheral arterial occlusive disease been confirmed in controlled studies. Not surprisingly, the favour able results achieved both in patients with critical limb ischaemia and in those with intermittent claudication has stimulated research activities into the clinical pharmacology of this prostaglandin. As a consequence of these efforts, exciting new findings have revealed that PGE has anti thrombotic, endothelium-stabilizing and leucocyte-stabi 1 lizing properties as well as effects on lipid metabolism, all of which, quite apart from its well-known anti-aggregating and vasodilator effects, may add to the clinical efficacy of the substance. New data have also been gathered on the metabolism of PGE most b notably the detection of 13,14-dihydro-PGE a metabolite which was b recently isolated in humans following the administration of PGE . Being 1 biologically active, the pharmacodynamic spectrum of 13,14-dihydro-PGE 1 very closely resembles that of PGE . This finding may help to explain the 1 efficacy of PGE despite its rapid metabolization when given intravenously."

Metabolism, behaviour, sleep, mood swings, the immune system, fighting, fleeing, puberty and sex: these are just a few of the things our bodies control with hormones. Armed with a healthy dose of wit and curiosity, medical journalist Randi Hutter Epstein takes us on a journey through the unusual history of these potent chemicals from a basement filled with jarred nineteenth-century brains to a twenty-first-century hormone clinic in Los Angeles. Brimming with fascinating anecdotes, illuminating new medical research and humorous details, Aroused introduces the leading scientists who made life-changing discoveries about the hormone imbalances that ail us, as well as the charlatans who used those discoveries to peddle false remedies.

This is an intergated approach to exercise physiology explaining how the major systems are all affected by autonomic neural control during exercise. It considers physiology, energy metabolism, the cardiovascular, respiratory system and temperature regulation.;These areas have been selected for their significance during exercise because of the crucial importance of the autonomic nervous system in their control. In each case resting physiology is described before the derangements caused by exercise are discussed. It also examines some of the factors which affect autonomic nervous activity during exercise, namely age, sex, training and drugs and considers the clinical application of applied physiology.;The book is intended primarily for undergraduate and postgraduate students in sport science with a specialist interest in exercise physiology. It is assumed that the reader will already have studied some physiology and physiology of exercises, and therefore this text is intended to supplement general textbooks and lecture material. Since exercise physiology provides a good example of a disturbance of homeostasis and the subsequent role of physiological control mechanisms to restore equilibrium, it is hoped that this text will also prove useful for students in medical and life sciences.

His scientific contributions are regarded as classics: the studies about the insulin effect on adipose tissue (together with George F. Cahill Jr. ), his work on the biosyn- thesis and secretion of insulin (together with Lelio Orci and Claes W ollheim) and his studies on various spontaneous and induced diabetes syndromes in rodents (together with Bernard Jeanrenaud and Eleazar Shafrir). Albert Renold will be remembered for a long time by all who knew him for his achievements, for his kindness and his humanity. We dedicate the Proceedings of this symposium to his memory. Werner Creutzfeldt Pierre Lefebvre G6ttingen Liege History and Philosophy of Bayer Pharmaceutical Research W. -D. Busse Fachbereich Forschung Pharma, Bayer AG, D-5600 Wuppertal, FRG Research has a long tradition at Bayer. This year, 1988, marks 100 years of our pharmaceutical activities. In 1888 the first Bayer drug - phenacetin, an antipyreti- was synthesized, starting from a by-product of dye manufacture. This finding led to the establishment of a Pharmaceutical Department within Friedrich Bayer and Co. in Elberfeld, with all its associated facilities (Fig. 1). The beginning of the company itself, however, dates back to 1863. In that year, Friedrich Bayer started the produc- tion of aniline dyestuffs in his private house in Barmen-Rittershausen. During the 125 years of the company's life and the 100 years of pharmaceuticals, many developments and products have been discovered by Bayer researchers and launched by Bayer.

On November 6 and 7, 1987, lipid and lipoprotein researchers from all over Europe convened in Munich on the occasion of the second European Workshop on Lipid Metabolism (EWLM). This informal gathering was devoted to two main topics, and recent research results were presented and discussed during a poster session. Recent developments in the physiology and pathophysiology of lipoprotein sub fractions were discussed on the first day of the meeting. In recent years, new analytical tools have been created for analyzing lipoprotein subfractions, particularly the apolipoprotein component. With the, introduction of immunological and elec trophoretic methods it has become clear that the heterogeneity of the plasma lipopro tein system is even greater than had been assumed only a decade or so ago. Despite this, it is apparent from the contributions to this volume that new methods for differentiating lipoprotein subfractions will increase our understanding of lipoprotein metabolism, especially of the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles and the high density lipoproteins. The complex functions of the various plasma apolipoproteins and their association with the lipoprotein lipid in single or complex lipoprotein particles give rise to a complex and dynamic metabolic system that changes constantly during the day. While it has for some time been possible to delineate fairly accurately the atherogenic potential of low-density lipoproteins, which are comparatively simple lipoprotein particles, the new methods of lipoprotein subfraction analysis will be needed to select and differentiate amongst the potentially atherogenic triglyceride rich particles, especially the chylomicron and very low density lipoprotein remnants.

Ein Screening auf angeborene endokrine und metabole Stoerungen ermoeglicht die Fruherkennung von Krankheiten wie Hypothyreose, AGS (adrenogenitales Syndrom), Phenylketonurie, Galaktosamie, Biotinidasemangel, Cystische Fibrose oder Homocystinurie. Je nach Land und politischen Bestimmungen unterscheiden sich jedoch die routinemassig durchgefuhrten Untersuchungen. Dieses Handbuch beschreibt praxisbezogen die biochemischen Grundlagen, die Grundsatze der Labor- und Bestatigungsdiagnostik sowie Therapiemoeglichkeiten zu insgesamt zwoelf Krankheiten. Daruber hinaus werden praanalytische Fragen, wie Zeitpunkt und Art der Blutentnahme oder moegliche Stoerfaktoren, umfassend behandelt. Der allgemeine Teil geht auf ethische und psychosoziale Aspekte des Screenings ein. Ein Verzeichnis der Screeningzentren und jener Labors, die fur die Bestatigungsdiagnostik Dienste anbieten, sowie ein Adressenverzeichnis von Elterngruppen und Informationsquellen im Internet komplettieren dieses Buch.

A number of clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that disorders of lipoprotein metabolism constitute one of the most important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. This volume examines the state of the art of lipoprotein subclass metabolism and its relation to these diseases. The authors also report on new developments concerning the role of lipoprotein recptors, macrophages and apolipoprotein E polymorphism in cholesterol homeostasis. The combination of general outline form and very specific aspects of cholesterol transport will interest those in other disciplines following developments in the field, as well as those directly involved in lipoprotein research.

Initiated in 1975, the Eberbach/Wiesloch Study is a prospective preventive study modeled after the Cardiovascular Comprehensive Community Central Programme of the WHO, with the aim of lowering the incidence of cardiac infarctions in a population representative of that of the Federal Republic of Germany. Part of the study is devoted to a description of smoking habits, and in particular, of the effect of cigarette smoking on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. Important components of this investigation were the inclusion of plasma levels of cotinine (a stable metabolite of nicotine and the only precise parameter of cigarette consumption), as well as the correlation of cotinine with other plasma parameters. Not only are these studies unique in the Federal Republic of Germany, but they also provide significant insight into the development of arteriosclerosis in connection with the established risk factors of smoking and hyperlipidemia. The data collected point to a considerable influence of smoking behavior on plasma lipid protein parameters.

The association of diabetes mellitus and hypertension has been well known for a long time. However, the important impact of hypertension on the development of chronic complications of diabetes and on the prognosis of the diabetic patient has only recently been realized. The increasing number of patients with endstage diabetic nephropathy who need regular dialysis or renal transplantation reflects only one important aspect of this problem. As new targets for the treatment of hypertension were considered, it became evident, that drug treatment of hypertension in diabetics must take side effects into account which may be negligible in the nondiabetic patient. Basic research has granted much new insight into the mechanisms which function to link diabetes, kidney function, hypertension, and vascular disease. As a result of the high specialisation in research, such new information diffuses only slowly out of the circles of experts into clinical practice. Therefore, it was a most rewarding initiative of the Bayer Company to sponsor a conference which aimed at a mutual exchange of ideas between clinicians and researchers who are experts in either hypertension or diabetes.

"Endocrine and Metabolic Disease" is in two sections. The first is a systematic review of clinical and therapeutic aspects of endocrine diseases, whilst the second considers the clinical pharmacology of drugs used in endocrinology. All the major areas of endocrinology and metabolism are covered. Thyroid, adrenal and pancreatic disease are discussed in depth and there are separate chapters on the ovary and testes as well as on the pituitary gland and parathyroids. There is a useful pharmacopoeia of drugs used in endocrinology at the end of the volume.

Ideo autem omnes ad consilium vocari diximus, quia saepe iuniori Dominus revelat quod melius est. * Benedictus de Nursia Regula Benedicti, ca. 550 A. c. Caput III,3 The Wilsede Meetings were initiated in 1973 as an unusual experiment, and in the meantime this biennial symposium has already come to constitute an established and successful tradition. In June 1986 scientists and physicians met for the seventh time in the 3- year-old Emmenhof in Wilsede, in the heart of the Liineburg Heath, to dis- cuss modern trends in human leukemia. It was Pappenheim who in 1910 prepared the first international hematol- ogy congress. It was to have been held in Berlin under the title "Der groBe mononukleiire Leukozyt Ehrlichs, seine Morphologie und Funktion, seine Herkunft und seine Benennung" (Ehrlich's large mononuclear leukocyte. Its morphology, function, origin, and name), which was the most important and topical question at that time. It is amazing to think that as early as 1900, thanks to the pioneering research of Maximov and the innovative staining method developed by Ehrlich, the differentiation of the blood cells had, to a large extent, already been discovered. It is a sad fact that this congress never took place due to personal controversies among leading hematol- ogists, especially between Pappenheim and the Austrian hematologist Tiirk. Fortunately the Wilsede Meetings have never incurred this type of per- sonal controversies. On the contrary, both matter-of-fact discussions at a high scientific level and the development of personal friendships have always characterized their singular atmosphere.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is rising in developing countries and developed countries at such high rates that it is now considered a worldwide public health problem of pandemic proportions. Yet its spread can usually be mitigated by diet and lifestyle behavior. Nutritional Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome brings together coverage of dietary patterns and dietary components to create a complete understanding of the mechanisms by which these diets and components may improve metabolic syndrome. It then presents information on how to treat MS through lifestyle change and nutritional intervention. Witten by experts, the book focuses on diet therapy, nutritional intervention, and oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome. It presents information on dietary patterns in metabolic syndrome, including Mediterranean style diets, DASH, and low calorie diets. The text then provides an understanding of the physiopathology mechanisms in metabolic syndrome and strategies to treat these conditions through nutritional intervention. Chapters cover prevalence of MS, pathophysiology, MS in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, gene-nutrient interactions, MS in adolescents and children, lifestyle change and physical activity, and various effects of dietary components in MS. Research studies examining food groups are important, and there is a trend in the literature to verify the relationship between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors. However, studies examining dietary components, such as olive oil, soy-based products, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, berries, whole grains, nuts, dairy foods, tea, coffee, and alcoholic beverages are also important. The coverage of both in this book gives you an understanding of the pathophysiology underlying MS that you can use to develop strategies to prevent and treat these conditions through nutritional intervention.

This book discusses, in relatively simple language, the importance of even minute amounts of certain trace elements for the protection of human health and how insufficiency or excess may produce serious diseases. It also examines the use of metal chelators in the treatment of such diseases. Trace Element Medicine and Chelation Therapy looks at the role of metal ions in the evolution and development of living systems and reviews the elemental composition of the human body, the essential biochemistry of metal ions, metal complexes, and the concepts of chemical speciation, as well as the interactions of metals with chelating agents, ligands and drugs. The problems of delivering adequate amounts of trace elements to the human body and the roles of metal containing drugs are also discussed, while the role of chelating agents in the treatment of both spontaneous and accidental overload and the dietary and environmental aspects of such treatment are both comprehensively reviewed. Trace Element Medicine and Chelation Therapy will assist chemists in understanding more about these metal ions and the influences of industrialization and pollution, and will illuminate physicians involved in administering chelation therapy. It illustrates the interdisciplinary nature of the subject and will be of immense interest to students and researchers in chemistry, biochemistry, nutrition and food science, environmental sciences, pharmacology and medicine, as well as to school science teachers and scientifically oriented members of the public.

Symposium on Lipoprotein Metabolism, held in Heidelberg, September 10-13, 1975

The metabolomics and systems biology approach to research can be applied to many disciplines. This book provides a solid introduction to medical metabolomics and systems biology, and demonstrates how they have been applied to studies in medicine and human health, including nutrition and pathogenic microorganisms. Following core themes of diagnosis, pathology and aetiology of disease, this book provides a reference for health care professionals interested in how to use metabolomics for medical research.

Stellen Sie sich vor: Sie sind ein gestresster Manager und sollten Ihr Zeitproblem mit einer "Zeitdiat" in den Griff bekommen, also: in den nachsten Wochen moglichst wenig Zeit zu verbrauchen. Absurd?

"Blitzdiaten" sind genauso wirkungslos. Ernahrung begleitet uns standig und bedarf standiger Anpassung. Mit einem Blick aus der "KiloCoach-Perspektive" werden Sie erstaunliche Entdeckungen machen. Sie erfahren Wissenswertes uber den biologischen Vorteil, Fett zu speichern, uber effektive Zielverwirklichung bis hin zu konkreten Anleitungen zum erfolgreichen Abnehmen. Auch die genussvolle Seite des Essens kommt nicht zu kurz. Wer die neue Sichtweise gleich umsetzen will, kann auf der Kilocoach-Website sein eigenes Ernahrungsprotokoll fuhren und sich coachen lassen. Abnehmen und dauerhaftes Wunschgewicht sind kein Geheimnis, sondern ein realistisches Ziel fur jeden."