The XII Max Born Symposium has a special character. It was held in honour th of Jan Lopusza nski on the occasion of his 75 birthday. As a rule the Max Born Symposia organized by the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Wroc law were devoted to well-de ned subjects of contemporary interest. This time, however, the organizers decided to make an exception. Lopusza nski's in?uence on and contribution to the development of th- retical physics at Wrocla w University is highly appreciable. His personality and scienti c achievements gave him authority which he used to the best - vantage of the Institute. In fact we still pro t from his knowledge, experience and judgment. Lopusza nski's scienti c activity extended over about half a century. He successfully participated in research on the most important and fascinating issues of theoretical physics. During his scienti c career he met and made friends with many outstanding physicists who shaped theoretical physics to the present form. For this reason, as well as the coincidence of the approaching end of the century, we thought that it would be interesting and instructive to give the symposium a retrospective character. We decided to trust the speakers' judgment and intuition for the choice of subjects for their talks. We just asked them to give the audience the important message based on their knowledge and experience.

During July-August 1989. a group of 75 physicists from 52 laboratories in 16 countries met in Erice for the 27th Course of the International School of Subnuclear Physics. The countries represented were: Austria. Bulgaria. Canada. China. Denmark. France. the Federal Republic of Germany. Hungary. India. Italy. Pakistan. Poland. Switzerland. United Kingdom. and the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America. The School was sponsored by the European Physical Society (EPS). the Italian Ministry of Education (MPI). the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research (MRST). the Sicilian Regional Government (ERS). and the Weizmann Institute of Science. In addition to some crucial problems in the Superworld Theory. developed by S. Ferrara and L. Hall. the School was focused on the most advanced topics which have attracted our attention during the last year. These are of a phenomenological nature: the problem of the spin inside the proton (G. Altarelli). some crucial QCD tests (R. Baldini-Celio and S. Brodsky). the jet phenomenology as predicted by QCD (Y. Dokshitzer); and of basic (therefore by far more difficult to solve) value. such as the understanding of the fundamental constants of Nature (G. Veneziano) and the new ideas on the cosmological constant (A. Stominger and G. Veneziano).

Stability and Transport in Magnetic Confinement Systems provides an advanced introduction to the fields of stability and transport in tokamaks. It serves as a reference for researchers with its highly-detailed theoretical background, and contains new results in the areas of analytical nonlinear theory of transport using kinetic theory and fluid closure. The use of fluid descriptions for advanced stability and transport problems provide the reader with a better understanding of this topic. In addition, the areas of nonlinear kinetic theory and fluid closure gives the researcher the basic knowledge of a highly relevant area to the present development of transport physics.

The book addresses three major topics in mathematical physics: 1. recent rigorous results in potential theory with appli- cations in particle physics, 2. analyticity in quantum field theory and its applica- tions, and 3. fundamentals and applications of the inverse problem. In addition, the book contains some contributions on questions of general interest in quantum field theory such as nonperturbative solutions of quantum chromodynamics, bifurcation theory applied to chiral symmetry, as well as exactly soluable models. The volume closes with a brief review of geometric approaches to particle physics and a phenomenological discussion of Higgs interactions.

243 number n and orbital angular momentum 1, but also a total angular momentum 1 f = 1 +/- !. This modification lead to striking successes for the model. Almost without exception, the ground state spins of odd nuclei were found to be cor rectly predicted. Furthermore several other features of nuclei such as the occur rence of isomeric states and the values of magnetic dipole moments were explained, at least qualitatively. However the model completely failed to explain the large values of observed electric quadrupole moments and certain regularities in nuclear spectra, especially of rare earth nuclei. 4. 1950-1953. The emphatic success of the shell-model modified by a spin orbit force gave the necessary confidence and incentive to physicists to apply the model in detail to individual nuclei. Guided by parallel calculations in atomic spectroscopy, considerable effort was devoted to computing spectra of levels of nuclear systems with the so-called "Intermediate Coupling Model" in which the independent particle motion is considered to be perturbed by central particle particle interactions and spin-orbit forces. Computational labour restricts such calculations to nuclei near closed shells, say within four particles or holes of closed shells. This explains why only light nuclei (A < 20) and isolated groups of nuclei higher in the Periodic Table were thus treated. Usually such calculations were rewarded by agreement with experiment especially those for light nuclei 2 and 20S nuclei near the double closed shell at Pb 3.

"Nuclear Electrodynamics" quantitatively describes both nuclear electromagnetic properties and processes of the electromagnetic interaction.The main emphasis is on the derivation of basic equations. The book is intended for both theorists and experimentalists specializing in this field. Contents: - Introduction - Electromagnetic Multipole Moments - Interaction Between Nuclei and Electromagnetic Radiation - Electron-Nucleus Interaction (Elastic and Inelastic Scattering) - Electron-Nucleus Interaction (Nuclear Electrodisintegration and Inclusive Processes) - Electromagnetic Interaction between Heavy Charged Particles and Nuclei - References - Subject Index

This volume reports recent development in nuclear structure physics and closely related topics. Particularly, it centers on new methodologies and recent applications of the nuclear shell model such as quantum Monte Carlo methods, large-scale shell model calculations and microscopic theories of effective interactions. Each review focuses on one fundamental topic closely related to the nuclear shell model. Each topic is covered in sufficient depth and detail to be accessible to a wide audience including nuclear engineers and astrophysicists and those working in various fields of scientific computing and modelling.

This is the first volume of a series on a regular up-to-date coverage of important developments in astronomy and astrophysics jointly published by ESO and Springer-Verlag. Here the reader finds a thorough review of the abundances of the elements up to Boron. Special emphasis is laid on primordial abundances of interest to cosmologists in particular, and on stellar production or destruction respectively. The articles written for researchers and graduate students cover theory and most recent data from telescope observations.

This book features tutorial-like chapters on ultrafast intense laser science by world-leading scientists who are active in the rapidly developing interdisciplinary research field. It is written to give a comprehensive survey of all the essential aspects of ultrafast intense laser science. The volume covers theories of atoms and molecules in intense laser fields, high intensity physics scaled to long wavelength, pulse shaping techniques, non-linear optics in the XUV region, ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy, quantum emission and applications, filamentation, and ultraintense-laser matter interaction.

The investigation ofmost problems of quantum physics leads to the solution of the Schrodinger equation with an appropriate interaction Hamiltonian or potential. However, the exact solutions are known for rather a restricted set of potentials, so that the standard eternal problem that faces us is to find the best effective approximation to the exact solution of the Schrodinger equation under consideration. In the most general form, this problem can be formulated as follows. Let a total Hamiltonian H describing a relativistic (quantum field theory) or a nonrelativistic (quantum mechanics) system be given. Our problem is to solve the Schrodinger equation Hlft = Enlftn, n i. e., to find the energy spectrum {En} and the proper wave functions {lft } n including the'ground state or vacuum lft = 10). The main idea of any ap o proximation technique is to find a decomposition in such a way that Ha describes our physical system in the "closest to H" manner, and the Schrodinger equation HolJt. (O) = E(O)lJt. (O) n n n can be solved exactly. The interaction Hamiltonian HI is supposed to give small corrections to the zero approximation which can be calculated. In this book, we shall consider the problem of a strong coupling regime in quantum field theory, calculations ofpath or functional integrals over the Gaussian measure and spectral problems in quantum mechanics. Let us con sider these problems briefly."

This review gives a brief discussion of the structure of the Standard Model and its quantum corrections for testing the electroweak theory at current and future colliders. The predictions for the vector boson masses, neutrino scattering cross sections, and the Z resonance observables such as the width of the Z resonance, partial widths, effective neutral current coupling constants and mixing angles at the Z peak, are presented. Recent experimental data and their implications for the present status of the Standard Model are compared. Finally, the question of how virtual new physics can influence the predictions for the precision observables and the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) as a special example of particular theoretical interest are discussed.

The book reviews the current status of tau physics. It addresses the properties of the tau lepton and summarizes results achieved with tau leptons in the fields of precision tests of the Standard Model, investigations of the strong interaction and many searches for new physics beyond the scope of the Standard Model.

Micro/nanotribology as a field is concerned with experimental and theoretical investigations of processes ranging from atomic and molecular scales to the microscale, occurring during adhesion, friction, wear, and thin-film lubrication at sliding surfaces. As a field it is truly interdisciplinary, but this confronts the would-be entrant with the difficulty of becoming familiar with the basic theories and applications: the area is not covered in any undergraduate or graduate scientific curriculum. The present work commences with a history of tribology and micro/nanotribology, followed by discussions of instrumentation, basic theories of friction, wear and lubrication on nano- to microscales, and their industrial applications. A variety of research instruments are covered, including a variety of scanning probe microscopes and surface force apparatus. Experimental research and modelling are expertly dealt with, the emphasis throughout being applied aspects.

Reference Data on Multicharged Ions summarizes spectroscopic and collisional atomic data for highly charged positive ions: oscillator strength, energy levels, transition probabilities, cross sections and rate coefficients of different elementary processes taking place in hot plasmas.
The book does not give complicated theory and formulas; it presents the data in abbreviated form using tables, figures and, if possible, scaling laws for different characteristics. The data is interpreted on physical grounds, and ample references are given to the original literature.

The Eighth Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics was held on the campus of the University of Rochester during the period June 13-16,2001. This volume contains the proceedings of the meeting. The meeting was preceded by an affiliated conference, the International Conference on Quantum Information, with some overlapping sessions on June 13. The proceedings of the affiliated conference will be published separately by the Optical Society of America. A few papers that were presented in common plenary sessions of the two conferences will be published in both proceedings volumes. More than 268 scientists from 28 countries participated in the week long discussions and presentations. This Conference differed from the previous seven in the CQO series in several ways, the most important of which was the absence of Leonard Mandel. Professor Mandel died a few months before the conference. A special memorial symposium in his honor was held at the end of the conference. The presentations from that symposium are included in this proceedings volume. An innovation, that we believe made an important contribution to the conference, was the inclusion of a series of invited lectures chaired by CQO founder Emil Wolf, reviewing the history of the fields of coherence and quantum optics before about 1970. These were given by three prominent participants in the development of the field, C. Cohen-Tannoudji, 1. F. Clauser, and R. I. Glauber.

Contemporary research in atomic and molecular physics concerns itself with studies of interactions of electron, positron, photons, and ions with atoms, molecules, and clusters; interactions of intense ultrashort laser interaction with atoms, molecules, and solids; laser assisted atomic collisions, optical, and magnetic traps of neutral atoms to produce ultracold and dense samples; high resolution atomic spectroscopy and experiments by using synchrotron radiation sources and ion storage rings. In recent years, important advances have been made in the experimental as well as theoretical understanding of atomic and molecular physics. The advances in atomic and molecu lar physics have helped us to understand many other fields, like astrophyics, atmo spheric physics, environmental science, laser physics, surface physics, computational physics, photonics, and electronics. XII National Conference on Atomic and Molecular Physics was held at the Physics Department, M. 1. S. University, Udaipur from 29th Dec. 1998 to 2ndJan. 1999 under the auspices of the Indian Society of Atomic and Molecular Physics. This volume is an outcome of the contributions from the invited speakers at the conference. The volume contains 24 articles contributed by the distinguished scientists in the field. The contrib utors have covered a wide range of topics in the field in which current research is being done. This also reflects the trend of research in this field in Indian universities and research institutes. We are grateful to the national programme committee, national, and local organiz ing committees, and members of the Physics Department and Computer Centre, M. 1.

"A Structural and Vibrational Investigation into Chromyl Azide, Acetate, Perchlorate and Thiocyanate Compounds" reviews the structural and vibrational properties of chromyl azide, acetate, perchlorate, and thiocyanate from a theoretical point of view by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. These compounds are extensively used in organic syntheses and the study of their structure and spectroscopy has become fundamental.
This book evaluates the best theoretical level and basis set to reproduce the experimental data existing for those compounds. To this end, the optimized geometries and wavenumbers for the normal modes of vibration are calculated and the obtained results are compared and analyzed. Also, the nature of the different types of bonds and their corresponding topological properties of electronic charge density are systematically and quantitatively investigated by using the NBO analysis and the atoms in molecules theory (AIM).

The first Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics took place from August 23 to August 28, 1999, at the Noda campus of the Sci ence University of Tokyo in Noda-city and Sawayaka Chiba Kenmin Plaza in Kashiwa-city, a suburb of Tokyo close to the Narita-Tokyo International Air port, with the Frontier Research Center for Computation Sciences (FRCCS) of the Science University of Tokyo as the host institute. The High Energy Accel erator Research Organization (KEK), the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP)-Osaka University, the Physical Society of Japan, and the Association of Asia Pacific Physical Societies (AAPPS) supported this conference. The conference was initiated in the Asia Pacific area as a counterpart to the successful European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (APFB99), in addition to the International Few-Body Conference Series and the Few Body Gordon Conference series in North America. The Physics of Few-Body Problems covers, as is well known, systems with finite numbers of particles in contrast to many-body systems with very large numbers of particles. Therefore, it covers such wide fields as mesoscopic, atom-molecular, exotic atom, nucleon, hyperon, and quark-gluon physics, plus their applications."

This book represents the proceedings from the NATO sponsored Advanced Research Workshop entitled "Observational Tests of Inflation" held at the University of Durham, England on the 10th-14th December, 1990. In recent years, the cosmological inflation model has drawn together the worlds of particle physics, theoretical cosmology and observational astronomy. The aim of the workshop was to bring together experts in all of these fields to discuss the current status of the inflation theory and its observational predictions. The simplest inflation model makes clear predictions which are testable by astronomical observation. Foremost is the prediction that the cosmological density parameter, no, should have a value negligibly different from the critical, Einstein-de Sitter value of 00=1. The other main prediction is that the spectrum of primordial density fluctuations should be Gaussian and take the Harrison-Zeldovich form. The prediction that n =l, in patticular, leads to several important consequences o for cosmology. Firstly, there is the apparent contradiction with the limits on baryon density from Big Bang nucleosynthesis which has led to the common conjecture that weakly interacting particles rather than baryons may form the dominant mass constituent of the Universe. Secondly, with n =l, the age of the Universe is uncomfortably short if o the Hubble constant and the ages of the oldest star clusters lie within their currently believed limits.

This volume is based on the outcome of a workshop held at the Institute for Mathematics and Its Applications. This institute was founded to promote the interchange of ideas between applied mathematics and the other sciences, and this volume fits into that framework by bringing together the ideas of mathematicians, physicists and chemists in the area of multiparticle scattering theory. The correct formulation of scattering theory for two-body collisions is now well worked out, but systems with three or more particles still present fundamental challenges, both in the formulations of the problem and in the interpretation of computational results. The book begins with two tutorials, one on mathematical issues, including cluster decompositions and asymptotic completeness in N-body quantum systems, and the other on computational approaches to quantum mechanics and time evolution operators, classical action, collisions in laser fields and in magnetic fields, laser-induced processes, barrier resonances, complex dilated expansions, effective potentials for nuclear collisions, long-range potentials, and the Pauli Principle.

The first presentation of the novel interdisciplinary optical remote sensing technique for various ionized diluted media, based on the collisional polarization of the spectoral emission. The book provides a methodology of the impact spectropolarimetic sensing of many solutions to many practical diagnostic problems.

This book gives a complete account of electron momentum spectroscopy to date. It describes in detail the construction of spectrometers and the acquisition and reduction of cross-section data, explaining the quantum theory of the reaction and giving experimental verification.

The recent discovery of a type II supernova in the Large Magellanic Cloud provides a rare chance to compare models of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis directly with observations. This workshop covers thermonuclear reaction rates in chaos (experimental and theoretical), stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis and isotopic anomalies in meteorites and, in a final section, the supernovae, in particular SN 1987A. It brings the most interesting news in the rapidly developing field of nuclear astrophysics to researchers and also to graduate students. Recent and future developments are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on experimental and theoretical approaches to obtaining nuclear reaction rates, models of stellar evolution and explosions, and theories of nucleosynthesis. Various aspects of stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis, and thermonuclear reactions of astrophysical interest are reviewed. Several contributions deal with supernova explosions of massive stars, and in particular with Supernova 1987A and its impact on current models of the evolution of massive stars, the gravitational collapse of stellar cores, and neutrino physics and astronomy.