In this jaw-dropping classic of prison escape literature (originally poublished in 1987 and now a major movie starring Daniel Radcliffe), Tim Jenkin tells of how he, Stephen Lee and Alexander Moumbaris, using a series of hand-made wooden keys, got through nine locked doors inside Pretoria Central, taking them to Mozambique and finally to London.

This fast-paced thriller begins with Jenkin’s Cape Town childhood and the growth of his political awareness, his university days and his friendship with Stephen Lee. Both men left South Africa after university for London to join the African National Congress. Jenkin and Lee, after training in London, became expert pamphlet bombers in Cape Town and Johannesburg, and it was after several successful years of raising awareness about apartheid and the ANC that they were caught and eventually sentenced to 12 years in jail. It is after Lee’s father visits his son in prison, bringing him a copy of another escape classic, Papillon, that Jenkin begins to seriously form an escape plan. Months and months of planning, testing, failing, testing again and lucky breaks meant that, finally, the escape was on.

The recently late Denis Goldberg was a friend and supporter of the men, and kept a warder busy as they began their escape. Apart from locking the doors behind them, they never looked back…

When juvenile violence and crime skyrocketed in the late 1980s and early 1990s, every state in the country responded by significantly altering the jurisdiction, purpose, process, sentencing, and services of their juvenile justice systems. Analyzing the history of juvenile justice over the last two hundred years, The Cycle of Juvenile Justice is an illuminating examination of the patterns in which changes like these play out. This much-needed and timely new edition provides an account of changes in the American juvenile justice system from 1990 to the present, and, by building on and expanding the ideas of the original edition, the authors refine their demonstration of how juvenile justice policy undergoes cycles of reform, alternating between offender-focused and offense-focused policies. All of the material from the previous edition has been revised and updated, and to incorporate recent key developments in juvenile justice, many new chapters have been added . Each of these provides historical context on each change, examining the rhetoric surrounding policies and their implementation, and assesses whether the policy and system changes resulted in a perpetuation of the cycle or represents real progress and reform. Analyzing the best and worst aspects of these policies, as well as the state of the present system, this book will continue to provide a controversial and challenging look at the issues involved in juvenile justice.

Comprehensive, critical and accessible, Criminology: A Sociological Introduction offers an authoritative overview of the study of criminology, from early theoretical perspectives to pressing contemporary issues such as the globalisation of crime, crimes against the environment, terrorism and cybercrime. Authored by an internationally renowned and experienced group of authors in the Department of Sociology at the University of Essex, this is a truly international criminology text that delves into areas that other texts may only reference. It includes substantive chapters on the following topics: * Histories of crime; * Theoretical approaches to crime and the issue of social change; * Victims and victimisation; * Crime, emotion and social psychology; * Drugs, alcohol, health and crime; * Criminal justice and the sociology of punishment; * Green criminology; * Crime and the media; * Terrorism, state crime and human rights. The new edition fuses global perspectives in criminology from the contexts of post-Brexit Britain and America in the age of Trump, and from the Global South. It contains new chapters on cybercrime; crimes of the powerful; organised crime; life-course approaches to understanding delinquency and desistance; and futures of crime, control and criminology. Each chapter includes a series of critical thinking questions, suggestions for further study and a list of useful websites and resources. The book also contains a glossary of the criminological terms and concepts used in the book. It is the perfect text for students looking for a broad, critical and international introduction to criminology, and it is essential reading for those looking to expand their 'criminological imagination'.

Between 1980 and 1996 the number of arrests has increased considerably for offenders ages 12 and under. This increase is a cost to society in two ways: the cost of the crime and the cost of multiple agencies involved with these children. Several questions have developed due to this increase: How does the juvenile justice system deal with child delinquents? Is child delinquency a predictor of serious, violent, and chronic offending? How early can we predict delinquency, and what are early warning signs? In an effort to develop answers for these questions and many more, editors Rolf Loeber and David Farrington organized a study group on Very Young offenders comprising 39 experts on juvenile delinquency and child problem behavior. Over a two-year period of intense and collaborative work these individuals have produced the book Child Delinquents: Development, Intervention, and Service Needs. Presenting empirically derived insights, Child Delinquents is the definitive statement to date on the working knowledge of prevalence, development, risk and protective factors, and optimal intervention with preteen offenders. This book is an excellent source for a broad audience of researchers, scholars, psychiatry, and practitioners at the administrative level.

Smart Decarceration is a forward-thinking, practical volume that provides innovative concepts and concrete strategies for ushering in an era of decarceration - a proactive and effective undoing of the era of mass incarceration. The text grapples with tough questions and takes up the challenge of transforming America's approach to criminal justice in the 21st century. This timely work consists of chapters written from multiple perspectives and disciplines including advocates, researchers, academics, practitioners, and persons with incarceration histories who are now leaders in the movement. The primary purpose of this book is to inform both academic and public understanding - to place the challenge of smart decarceration at the center of the current national discourse, taking into account the realities of the current sociopolitical context - and to propose beginning action steps. This is achieved by first outlining and addressing questions such as: What if incarceration were not an option for most?; Whose voices are essential in this era of decarceration?; What is the state of evidence for solutions?; How do we generate and adopt empirically driven reforms?; How do we redefine and rethink justice in the United States? Smart Decarceration offers a way forward in building a field for decarceration through provocative but reasoned challenges to existing approaches to criminal justice reforms, lively focus on potential solutions, and action steps for reform.

This book draws on the latest literature to highlight a fundamental challenge in offender rehabilitation; it questions the ability of contemporary approaches to address this challenge, and proposes an alternative strategy of criminal justice that integrates control, opportunity, and autonomy. * Provides an up to date review of the links between cognition and criminal behavior, as well as treatment and rehabilitation * Engages directly with the antisocial underpinnings of criminal behavior, a major impediment to treatment and rehabilitation * Outlines a clear strategy for communicating with offenders which is firmly rooted in the "What Works" literature, is evidence-based, and provides a way of engaging even the most antisocial of offenders by presenting them with meaningful opportunities to change * Provides hands-on instructions based upon the real-life tactics and presentation of the high-risk offender * Offers a way forward for a more meaningful and effective system of criminal justice

Privatization of America's Public Institutions describes the transformation of the military, K-12 public schools, public universities and colleges, and prisons into enterprises focused on generating profits for a select few. In many cases, privatization has limited accessibility, promoted segregation, fueled declining standards, increased costs, and reduced quality.

Privatization of America's Public Institutions describes the transformation of the military, K-12 public schools, public universities and colleges, and prisons into enterprises focused on generating profits for a select few. In many cases, privatization has limited accessibility, promoted segregation, fueled declining standards, increased costs, and reduced quality.

In 2003, when he was sixteen, Terrence Graham and three other teens attempted to rob a barbeque restaurant in Jacksonville, Florida. Though they left with no money, and no one was seriously injured, Terrence was sentenced to die in prison for his involvement in that crime. As shocking as Terrence's sentence sounds, it is merely a symptom of contemporary American juvenile justice practices. Today in this country, adolescents are routinely transferred out of juvenile court and into adult criminal court without any judicial oversight. Once in adult court, children can be sentenced without regard for their youth. Juveniles are housed in adult correctional facilities; they may be held in solitary confinement; and they experience the highest rates of sexual and physical assault among inmates. Until 2005, children convicted in America's courts were subject to the death penalty; today, they still may be sentenced to die in prison - no matter what efforts they make to rehabilitate themselves. America has waged a war on kids. The War on Kids reveals how the United States went from being a pioneer to an international pariah in its juvenile sentencing practices. While academics and journalists have recognized the failings of juvenile justice practices in this country and have called for change, recent Supreme Court decisions and political developments make those calls a reality today. The War on Kids seizes upon this moment of judicial and political recognition that children are different in the eyes of the law. The book chronicles the shortcomings of juvenile justice by drawing upon social science, legal decisions and first-hand correspondence with Terrence and others like him - individuals whose adolescent errors have cost them their lives. At the same time, The War on Kids maps out concrete steps that states can take to correct the course of American juvenile justice.

Scholars and policymakers increasingly call for evidence-based, prevention-oriented, and community-driven approaches to improve public health and reduce youth crime, substance use, and related problems. However, few functional models exist. In Communities that Care, four leading experts on prevention describe one such system to illustrate how communities effectively engage in prevention activities. Communities That Care (CTC) is a coalition-based prevention system implemented successfully in dozens of communities across the world that promotes healthy development and reduces crime rates for youth. Drawing on literature from criminology, community psychology, and prevention science this book describes the conditions and actions necessary for effective community-based prevention. The authors illustrate how effective community-based prevention can be undertaken by describing how the CTC prevention system has been developed, implemented, evaluated, and disseminated across the U.S. and internationally. Communities that Care shares invaluable lessons about the implementation and evaluation of community-level interventions and establishes a set of best practices for anyone seeking to engage in and/or evaluate effective prevention efforts.

The Encyclopedia of Juvenile Delinquency and Justice is a compendium of more than 300 contributions written by leading scholars from the fields of criminal justice, justice sciences, social work, and sociology. It covers the latest research, policies, and practices regarding young offenders, the processing of juveniles within the court system, and various approaches to treating and eliminating juvenile crime. The origins and evolution of the juvenile justice system, the leading theories and major theorists in the field, and the empirical support for theories and policies designed to reduce delinquency are all discussed in depth. Organized thematically, the Encyclopedia is arranged by three key sections. The first section focuses on juvenile delinquents and delinquency, specifically the causes, correlates, and experiences of at-risk youth. The second section provides a comprehensive review of the system developed to address juvenile offending, including the historic origins of juvenile courts and the cases that have shaped the contemporary system. In the final section, authors explore current treatment programs and policy initiatives designed to mitigate and/or prevent juvenile delinquency. Key topics covered include: Juvenile Delinquency, Explanations of Delinquency, Correlates and Contexts of Delinquency; and all aspects of Juvenile Justice and Juvenile Justice Policy. An indispensable reference resource, The Encyclopedia of Juvenile Delinquency and Justice is essential reading for both students and professionals engaged in the fields of criminology, juvenile delinquency, justice administration, and sociology.

This is a hopeful but complicated era for those with ambitions to reform the juvenile courts and youth-serving public institutions in the United States. As advocates plea for major reforms, many fear the public backlash in making dramatic changes. Choosing the Future for American Juvenile Justice provides a look at the recent trends in juvenile justice as well as suggestions for reforms and policy changes in the future. Should youth be treated as adults when they break the law? How can youth be deterred from crime? What factors should be considered in how youth are punished?What role should the police have in schools?

This essential volume, edited by two of the leading scholars on juvenile justice, and with contributors who are among the key experts on each issue, the volume focuses on the most pressing issues of the day: the impact of neuroscience on our understanding of brain development and subsequent sentencing, the relationship of schools and the police, the issue of the school-to-prison pipeline, the impact of immigration, the privacy of juvenile records, and the need for national policies--including registration requirements--for juvenile sex offenders. Choosing the Future for American Juvenile Justice is not only a timely collection, based on the most current research, but also a forward-thinking volume that anticipates the needs for substantive and future changes in juvenile justice.

Privatisation was introduced into the probation service on the 1st June 2014 whereby work with medium and low risk offenders went to a number of private and voluntary bodies, work with high risk offenders remained with the State. The National Probation Service (NPS) covered State work whilst the 35 existing Probation Trusts were replaced by 21 Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs). Staff were allocated to either side of the divide but all remained as probation officers. The effect was that the existing probation service lost control of all but 30,000 of the most high risk cases, with the other 220,000 low to medium risk offenders being farmed out to private firms. Privatisation was justified as the only available way of achieving important policy objectives of extending post release supervision to offenders on short sentences, a group who are the most prolific offenders with high reconviction rates yet who receive no statutory support. This book describes the process by which the probation service became privatised, assessing its impact on the probation service itself, and on the criminal justice system generally. It considers both the justifications for privatisation, as well as the criticisms of it, and asks to what extent the probation service can survive such changes, and what future it has as a service dedicated to the welfare of offenders. It demonstrates how the privatisation of probation can be seen as a trend away from traditional public service in criminal justice towards an emphasis on efficiency and cost effectiveness. This book is essential reading for criminology students engaged with criminal justice, social policy, probation, punishment and working with offenders. It will also be key reading for practitioners and policy makers in jurisdictions where there is an interest in extending their own privatisation practice.

A common perception of coaching is that it is a high value service for highly paid executives But what if you offered it to some of the most marginalized people in our society - women in prison? With more potential in any one of our prisons than in any Oxbridge college, discover how coaching can unlock clients, whatever their context. Clare McGregor celebrates the amazing resilience of the human spirit and her book will challenge a lot of your preconceptions about prisons and prisoners. Willingness to take risks and learn from mistakes helped coaching adapt and thrive, even behind bars. The process and questions for a prisoner are the same as for any client: Who are you? What do you want to change? How are you holding yourself back? Equally importantly, the book asks: What does it take to work in this challenging environment? Dozens of fascinating stories bring reality to life: that coaching changes lives as readily in a prison as in a boardroom. All coaches have something to learn from this book that they can immediately use in their own practice. "Remarkable book" "Dark humour" The Times "This remarkable book tracks McGregor's work giving life coaching to women in HMP Styal. Focusing not on what offences have been committed but practical and tough solutions to help 'clients' achieve inner strength, Clare McGregor has changed the lives of women and staff at HMP Styal, largely with nothing more than a prisoner number, a bicycle and optimism. Clare is a star and the outcomes are stellar. To understand the reference, read the book - it will change your life and the lives of others - inside and out." Professor Felicity Gerry QC "I rarely suggest that a book should be required reading on coach training courses, but I have no hesitation in doing so in this case." David Clutterbuck, Professor and Co-founder European Mentoring & Coaching Council "This is a great book; it oozes humanity on every page. It is a challenging read - people not acquainted with the realities of crime and punishment will learn a lot about both from the powerful case studies and from the author's personal reflections. Those well acquainted with crime and punishment, through their work, will be challenged to rethink what they do and how they do it. Clare McGregor tells us that humans come up with better solutions by 'being curious (rather) than furious' (p6) but I think I disagree; it is the combination of both insatiable curiosity and consuming fury at human suffering and injustice that makes her and her book so special. As one woman she has coached puts it: 'you ask all the right questions'. Readers of this book should be prepared to be challenged (like anyone else Clare coaches) to come up with their own answers; but the author certainly helps us along the way." Fergus McNeill, Professor of Criminology and Social Work, University of Glasgow, UK "A stark and thought provoking read, that totally makes sense! Having witnessed first-hand the importance of coaching, assisting and empowering a person who may have made a few ill-judged choices in life, to turn a bad situation good; I applaud the author for keeping it real, whilst demonstrating the true value of coaching." James Timpson OBE, Chief Executive of Timpson and Chair of the Prison Reform Trust Clare McGregor founded Coaching Inside And Out in 2010, a charity coaching men, women and young people on both sides of the prison gate. Clare is a creative coach, writer and speaker with over 25 years' experience working with leaders, running businesses and developing services for those dealt the toughest hands in life.

This book explores the treatment of junevile offenders in modern Western history. The last few decades have witnessed major debates over youth justice policies. Juvenile and youth justice legislation has been reviewed in a number of countries. Despite the fact that new perspectives, such as restorative justice, have emerged, the debates have largely focused on issues that bring us back to the inception of juvenile justice: namely whether youth justice ought to be more akin to punitive adult criminal justice, or more sensitive to the welfare of youths. This issue has been at the core of policy choices that have given juvenile justice its orientations since the beginning of the twentieth century. It also gave shape to the evolution that paved the way for the creation of juvenile courts in the nineteenth century. Understanding those early debates is essential if we are to understand current debates, and place them into perspective. Based on primary archival research, this comprehensive study begins by presenting the roots, birth and evolution of juvenile justice, from the nineteenth century up to the beginning of the twenty-first. The second part deals with nineteenth century responses to juvenile delinquency in England and Canada, while the third focuses on the welfare orientation that characterized juvenile courts in the first half of the twentieth century in Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium. Finally, the fourth part focuses on the perspective of the youths and their families in Belgium, France and Canada.

Assessing Risk: A Relational Approach offers the practitioner a novel framework for understanding the complex and subtle issues involved in assessing and managing risks related to violence and sexual offending. The authors draw on their considerable experience working with high risk individuals in assessment and treatment. They have for many years consulted to practitioners in forensic mental health services and the criminal justice system and taught renowned courses at the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. This book outlines a comprehensive model of risk which draws on mainstream empirical research, threat assessment, developmental psychopathology, attachment theory, and a relational model derived from psychoanalysis. The framework incorporates intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions and is designed to enhance the reader's capacity to make a thorough risk formulation. The approach highlights the significance of childhood development in understanding violent and sexually violent acts, and the complicated interpersonal processes involved in managing individuals who have a propensity to violent enactment. These dynamic processes between people impact on risk and risk perception, and can distort judgement if not recognised and understood. Assessing Risk will be of practical use in enhancing the skills of professionals to assess and manage risk in a comprehensive and effective way, and will appeal to all those mental health and criminal justice practitioners working with risky individuals.

This ground-breaking text is the first to provide a detailed overview of Investigative Psychology, from the earliest work through to recent studies, including descriptions of previously unpublished internal reports. Crucially it provides a framework for students to explore this exciting terrain, combining Narrative Theory and an Action Systems framework. It includes empirically tested models for Offender Profiling and guidance for investigations, as well as an agenda for research in Investigative Psychology.

"Investigative Psychology" features: The full range of crimes from fraud to terrorism, including burglary, serial killing, arson, rape, and organised crimeImportant methodologies including multi-dimensional scaling and the "Radex" approach as well as Social Network AnalysisGeographical Offender Profiling, supported by detailed analysis of the underlying psychological processes that make this such a valuable investigative decision support toolThe full range of investigative activities, including effective information collection, detecting deception and the development of decision support systems.

In effect, this text introduces an exciting new paradigm for a wide range of psychological contributions to all forms of investigation within and outside of law enforcement. Each chapter has actual cases and quotations from offenders and ends with questions for discussion and research, making this a valuable text for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Applied and Forensic Psychology, Criminology, Socio-Legal Studies and related disciplines.

This revised and updated edition of Care of the Mentally Disordered Offender in the Community provides a comprehensive, evidence-based guide to theory and practice. The social and clinical context within which mental health care is provided to offenders in community settings has changed significantly in recent years. An increasing proportion of all mental health care is provided in the community and our knowledge of the links between violence and mental illness has advanced. Existing psychological and pharmacological treatments have been refined and new treatments have been introduced. Epidemiological and intervention-based research has evaluated these changes and suggested new avenues for clinical development. Over three sections, the second edition of Care of the Mentally Disordered Offender in the Community explores the key areas of the field. Part 1 describes the social, administrative and clinical context within which care is now given. Part 2 discusses treatment and the evaluation of violence risk when determining the most appropriate treatment. Part 3 explores psychiatric services and their relationship with other agencies. The text has been updated to cover recent developments in theory and practice. New chapters have been added that cover US provision for people with mental disorders leaving prison, the community management of sexual offenders, the relationship between care and coercion and the treatment of personality disorders. Written by a global team of experts, the book provides critical insights into the social, clinical, and institutional aspects of an increasingly important part of psychiatric community care.

A major strength of this book is the authors' profeminist approach to the conceptualization and treatment of men's violence against their heterosexual partners. The authors view wife beating as a social and cultural problem rather than simply a problem of individual men. . . . The book is clearly written and well-organized. . . . In the final chapter . . . the authors' honesty and willingness to do their own personal work is inspiring and courageous. --Kathleen M. Heide in Women & Criminal Justice Unfortunately it's nothing new--many women are victimized sexually, physically, and emotionally by men. And, as the percentage of victimized women has increased, so too has the need for treatment and intervention with the perpetrators. Ending Men's Violence Against Their Partners is a practical guide for counselors or clinicians treating abusive men. Instructing the reader in particular clinical skills and strategies, this book presents a group treatment program as the treatment of choice--but also takes the reader through individual assessment and counseling. In the opening section, the authors examine current theory and research in the field, and identify the most salient factors in understanding the wife assaulter. The authors then examine preparatory work, including first contacts prior to entering a group program, and address crisis intervention work with batterers. A final section offers a detailed treatment manual with treatment themes organized as modules so that readers may adopt the entire program--or parts of the program--in designing their own group counseling programs for wife abusers. Counselors, clinicians, and therapists working with violent men could not find a better, more practical volume than Ending Men's Violence Against Their Partners. "This book is much needed. . . . The therapist must be able to help the clients establish limits and work through their frustrations in more positive ways. At this point, Ending Men's Violence Against Their Partners has many positive suggestions that will most interest therapists who provide these services. --Journal of Sex Education and Therapy "I found this book to be an excellent discussion of the assessment and treatment of male batterers. The authors take the reader step-by-step through the assessment and treatment process from first contact to late stage treatment. The book is engaging, straightforward and concise. Their overview of the literature provides a solid foundation for the reader who is new to the field as well as recent research findings that will enlighten the most experienced clinician. Their style of writing is both authoritative and yet personal. Qualities necessary for successful treatment of this population. I would recommend this book for any man or woman providing mental health services to offenders and victims of family violence." --Daniel Jay Sonkin, Private Practice "Intended as a practical guide to therapists, this book looks at wife battering with the view to counseling men who are wife batterers. The authors provide detailed descriptions of assessment interviews, initial contacts, and three stages of treatment group process." --Current Literature in Family Planning "An extraordinary and valuable book, written with beautiful clarity." --The Journal of the British Association of Counselling "Stordeur and Stille succeed admirably in their aim to provide a detailed account of a group therapy programme for violent men. . . . The strength of this book is that it sets violence in a social context. . . . The book is clearly written, thorough and detailed. It is essentially a practical handbook which should prove invaluable to those newly engaged in the area and a source of reflection for the more seasoned worker. The book's scope, however, goes beyond the purely practical and raises issues of interest to anyone working with both victimizers and victims." --Changes "This book is excellent and will no doubt become a definitive text on the subject of group treatment of men who batter their partners. The writing style is clear, concise, and easy to read. I strongly recommend the book to all mental health professionals who are required to deal with such men." --British Journal of Psychiatry "Straightforward, informative, and practical style . . . of special value to graduate student interns in social work, counseling, and community psychology . . . [and] counselors who are relatively inexperienced in work with such clients or programs." --Readings: A Journal of Reviews and Commentary in Mental Health "The strength of the book is the detailed description of the 18 modules that constitute the group program. . . . The book fully achieves its goal of detailing a group-based program for male batterers. It is highly readable, and should be useful to a broad range of professionals." --Journal of Interpersonal Violence "Ending Men's Violence Against Their Partners admirably fills the long overdue need for a book that provides a detailed description of group treatment for men who batter." --Social Service Review "With great sensitivity, the authors give us an enlightened description of the counselling programme, including various exercises that were carried out, how problems were overcome and various stages men needed to move through to make themselves more peaceful in their intimate relationships. . . . Ending Men's Violence Against Their Partners is a pioneering work that will prove a source of inspiration and hope for anybody involved in this field." --Nursing Standard "This book is a well-organized and integrated summary. . . . It will be very useful to anyone whose practice involves domestic violence, whether it be spouse abuse or child abuse." --Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services "Highly recommended." --Family Violence & Sexual Assault Bulletin Book Club

Lonnie H. Athens' path-breaking work examines a problem that has baffled experts and the general public alike: How does a person become a predatory violent criminal? In the original edition, the process that Athens labeled "violentization" encompassed four stages: brutalization, defiance, dominative engagements, and virulency. In this edition, Athens identifies a new final stage, violent predation, as the culmination of the violent criminal's development. He uses vivid first-person accounts gleaned from in-depth interviews and participant observation of nascent and hardened violent criminals to back up his theory. In this vastly expanded edition, Athens examines how his thinking and ideas have evolved over the past thirty years and renames and clarifies two stages of development. Athens also addresses, for the first time, criticisms of his original theory. Milestones of this important work are discussed, as well as the paradoxes surrounding its present-day status in the field of criminology. Athens proposes a revised theoretical model that will be useful for classroom use, as well as for interested general readers and professionals.

This book critically examines socio-political constructions of risk related to sexual offending behaviour by and among children and young people and charts the rise of harmful sexual or exploitative behaviour among peers, drawing on a range of theoretical frameworks and primary research. Discussion of these behaviours is exhibited against a backdrop of the premature cultural sexualisation of contemporary childhood, which challenges traditional conceptions of childhood, victimhood and gendered sexual identities more broadly. It examines the complexities of peer-based sexual behaviours in a range of settings, including within organisational contexts such as schools and care homes, within families and peer-based relationships, as well as online contexts including sexting and cyberbullying. It draws out the myriad legal, practical and policy challenges of negotiating the boundaries between normal/experimental, risky/problematic and harmful sexual behaviour, and in particular the demarcation between coercion and consent, both for professionals as well as children and young people themselves.

Recent surveys demonstrate a high and possibly increasing prevalence of mental disorders in prisoners. They have an increased risk of suffering from a mental disorder that transcends countries and diagnoses. Ethical dilemmas in prison psychiatry arise from resource allocation and include issues of patient choice and autonomy in an inherently coercive environment. Ethical conflicts may arise from the dual role of forensic psychiatrists giving raise to tensions between patient care/protection of the public.This book describes models and ethical issues of psychiatric healthcare in prison in several countries. Relevant issues are: the professional medical role of a psychiatrist and/or psychotherapist working in prison, the involvement of psychiatrists in disciplinary or coercive measures; consent to treatment, the use of coercion in forcing a prisoner to undergo treatment, hunger strike, confidentiality. The book ends with consensus guidelines concerning good practice in Prison Psychiatry.

From 2003 through 2009, a total of 4,813 deaths were reported to the Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) Arrest-Related Deaths (ARD) program. The ARD program is a national collection of persons who die in the custody or under the restraint of state or local law enforcement personnel. Deaths are reportable to the program without considering whether physical custody had been established or whether a formal arrest process had been initiated prior to the time of death. The ARD collection also includes the deaths of persons attempting to elude law enforcement during the course of apprehension. This book examines statistics and coverage assessments of arrest-related deaths.

On 10 July 2014, the New York Advisory Committee held a briefing on New York's use of solitary confinement (or extreme isolation, as it is sometimes termed) of youth inmates. The expert presenters included representatives from various state and city agencies and institutions in the State of New York as well as advocates and former inmates. The Committee examined the extent of the use of solitary confinement of youth in the State of New York and the City of New York, and, in particular, the disproportionate assignment of racial minorities to solitary confinement. Based on the briefing, the book discusses the history of solitary confinement within the United States; the conditions of solitary confinement in New York jails; the mental, physical and developmental effects of solitary confinement on youth in New York jails; the primary legal protections related to solitary confinement of youth inmates; and the pending legislative, judicial and executive efforts to eliminate or limit the solitary confinement of youth.

The Routledge Handbook of Graffiti and Street Art integrates and reviews current scholarship in the field of graffiti and street art. Thirty-seven original contributions are organized around four sections: History, Types, and Writers/Artists of Graffiti and Street Art; Theoretical Explanations of Graffiti and Street Art/Causes of Graffiti and Street Art; Regional/Municipal Variations/Differences of Graffiti and Street Art; and, Effects of Graffiti and Street Art. Chapters are written by experts from different countries throughout the world and their expertise spans the fields of American Studies, Art Theory, Criminology, Criminal justice, Ethnography, Photography, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, and Visual Communication. The Handbook will be of interest to researchers, instructors, advanced students, libraries, and art gallery and museum curators. This book is also accessible to practitioners and policy makers in the fields of criminal justice, law enforcement, art history, museum studies, tourism studies, and urban studies as well as members of the news media. The Handbook includes 70 images, a glossary, a chronology, and the electronic edition will be widely hyperlinked.