This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC '96, held in Link ping, Sweden in April 1996.
The 23 revised full papers included were selected from a total of 57 submissions; also included is an invited paper by William Waite entitled "Compiler Construction: Craftsmanship or Engineering?." The book reports the state of the art in the area of theoretical foundations and design of compilers; among the topics addressed are program transformation, software pipelining, compiler optimization, program analysis, program inference, partial evaluation, implementational aspects, and object-oriented compilers.

This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS '96, held in Passau, Germany in March 1996.
The book presents 19 revised full papers selected from a total of 47 submissions together with 11 tool presentations and 3 invited papers. The collection of papers addresses all current aspects of the design and analysis of distributed systems; the volume is organized in topical sections on tools, model checking and testing, security, models and methods, case studies, and logic and programs.

Hailed in previous editions for its user-friendliness, this third edition of Linux Universe contains the newest Linux Kernel 2.0.25 on two fully configured CD-ROMs for easy installation. The new edition contains several powerful new features, including Java SDK (binary), Xemacs, Netatalk (Appletalk connectivity), and IP firewall administration tools.
"The graphical configuration utility is simple to use and seems to work well. It works quickly and intelligently. When filling out the networking configuration, for example, it guesses most of the information once you type in the IP address." -LINUX JOURNAL

This book presents 12 revised refereed papers selected as the best from 32 submissions for the First International Workshop on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS '95, held in Aarhus, Denmark, in May 1995.
The workshop brought together 46 researchers interested in the development and application of tools and algorithms for specification, verification, analysis, and construction of distributed systems. The papers included in the book are devoted to refinement-based and compositional verification, construction techniques, analysis and verification via theorem proving, process algebras, temporal and modal logics, techniques for real-time, hybrid and probabilistic systems, and value-passing systems.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Modelling Techniques and Tools for Computer Performance Evaluation (Performance Tools '95) and of the 8th GI/ITG Conference on Measuring, Modelling and Evaluating Computing and Communication Systems, MMB '95, held jointly in Heidelberg, Germany in September 1995.
The volume presents 26 full refereed papers selected from a total of 86 submissions, together with two invited contributions. The scope of the papers includes measurement- and model-based approaches for quantitative systems assessment, reports on theoretical and methodological progress, and novel and improved assessment techniques and their tool implementations and applications.

This book is the proceedings of the Structures in Concurrency Theory workshop (STRICT) that was held from 11 th to l3th May 1995 in Berlin, Germany. It includes three invited contributions - by J. de Bakker, E. Best et aI, and E. R. Olderog and M. Schenke - and all papers which were submitted and accepted for presentation. Concurrency Theory deals with formal aspects of concurrent systems. It uses partly competing and partly complementary formalisms and structures. The aim of this workshop was to present and compare different formalisms and results in Concurrency Theory. STRICT was organized by the Humboldt-University Berlin and the ESPRIT Basic Research Working Group CALIBAN. Original papers had been sought from all scientists in the field of Concurrency Theory. The Programme Committee selected twenty contributions with various different topics, including Petri Nets, Process Algebras, Distributed Algorithms, Formal Semantics, and others. I am grateful to the Programme Committee and to the other referees for the careful evaluation of the submitted papers.

Following five successful workshops in the previous five years, the Rendering Workshop is now well established as a major international forum and one of the most reputable events in the field of realistic image synthesis. Including the best 31 papers which were carefully evaluated out of 68 submissions the book gives an overview on hierarchical radiosity, Monte Carlo radiosity, wavelet radiosity, nondiffuse radiosity, and radiosity performance improvements. Some papers deal with ray tracing, reconstruction techniques, volume rendering, illumination, user interface aspects, and importance sampling. Also included are two invited papers by James Arvo and Alain Fournier. As is the style of the Rendering Workshop, the contributions are mainly of algorithmic nature, often demonstrated by prototype implementations. From these implementations result numerous color images which are included as appendix. The Rendering Workshop proceedings are certainly an obligatory piece of literature for all scientists working in the rendering field, but they are also very valuable for the practitioner involved in the implementation of state of the art rendering system certainly influencing the scientific progress in this field.

Interactive 3-D Graphics in Windows is a hands-on book which uses a component software approach to help Visual C++ programmers quickly and easily develop windows-integrated, interactive 3-D graphics applications. The book includes JOEY, a 3-D user interface toolkit which addresses interaction issues not dealt with in the Microsoft User Interface Style Guide. JOEY provides a 3-D user interface, 3-D tools OLE Linking and Embedding and OLE automation within the MFC framework so that the application programmer can focus on application functionality. Using this book and JOEY, an experienced Visual C++ programmer can create an interactive 3-D application in a few hours. Roy Hall and Danielle Forsyth are the founders of Crisis in Perspective, Inc. in Portland, Oregon. Crisis in Perspective develops modeling systems for architects and building professionals which facilitate modeling and animation in the same way that word processors facilitate written document design; powerful, flexible, and extensive modeling systems for people that do not yet know exactly what they want to build.

If you are developing software either as a professional programmer, a student, or simply for fun then it is very likely that you will be working in a Windows environment. If you are, and you are looking to build your own Windows applications, you will find Visual Basic provides an easy and effective means of doing so. This book is written specifically to help users get up and running "fast" on Visual Basic and focusses on how to develop useful programs quickly and effectively. If you are an undergraduate wanting a simple way to program applications, a professional programmer who needs a broad introduction to Visual Basic 3, or even an amateur programmer interested in building Windows applications, then this book will tell you all you need to know.

The Sixth International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems was held at Les Mazets des Roches near Tarascon, Provence in southern France from the fifth to the ninth of September 1994. The attractive context and autumn warmth greeted the 53 participants from 12 countries spread over five continents. Persistent object systems continue to grow in importance. Almost all significant uses of computers to support human endeavours depend on long-lived and large-scale systems. As expectations and ambitions rise so the sophistication of the systems we attempt to build also rises. The quality and integrity of the systems and their feasibility for supporting large groups of co-operating people depends on their technical founda tion. Persistent object systems are being developed which provide a more robust and yet simpler foundation for these persistent applications. The workshop followed the tradition of the previous workshops in the series, focusing on the design, implementation and use of persistent object systems in particular and persistent systems in general. There were clear signs that this line of research is maturing, as engineering issues were discussed with the aid of evidence from operational systems. The work presented covered the complete range of database facilities: transactions, concurrency, distribution, integrity and schema modifica tion. There were examples of very large scale use, one involving tens of terabytes of data. Language issues, particularly the provision of reflection, continued to be important."

This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Eighth Annual Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, held in Columbus, Ohio in August 1995.
The 38 full revised papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the proceedings and reflect the state of the art of research and advanced applications in parallel languages, restructuring compilers, and runtime systems. The papers are organized in sections on fine-grain parallelism, interprocedural analysis, program analysis, Fortran 90 and HPF, loop parallelization for HPF compilers, tools and libraries, loop-level optimization, automatic data distribution, compiler models, irregular computation, object-oriented and functional parallelism.

J iirgen N ehmer Load distribution is a very important concept for distributed systems in order to achieve better performance, resource utilization and response times. Providing effi cient mechanisms for the transparent support of load distribution has proven to be an extremely difficult undertaking. As a matter of fact, there is no commercially avail able system which provides transparent load distribution right now. The monograph by D. Milojicic presents a novel load distribution scheme based on modern microker nel architectures. The remarkable results of D. MilojiCiC's approach show evidence for his hypothesis that load distribution is feasible even under strong efficiency con straints if built upon microkernel architectures. Based on a complete implementation using the NORMA-version of Mach, D. MilojiCic shows that substantial performance improvements of his load distribution scheme on top of Mach result from the dramatic reduction of state information to be managed in course of a task migration. For readers not familiar with the topic, the monograph gives a good survey of the load distribution problem and puts existing approaches into perspective. Contents Preface xvii 1 Introduction 1 1. 1 Motivation . . . . . 1 1. 2 Load Distribution 3 1. 3 Research Contributions . 5 1. 4 Thesis Outline. . . 6 2 Background and Related Work 9 2. 1 Introduction. 9 2. 2 Migration 9 2. 2. 1 Design 11 2. 2. 2 Issues 12 2. 2. 3 Previous Work 14 2. 3 Load Information Management 19 2. 3. 1 Design . . . . 20 2. 3. 2 Issues . . . ."

Mosaic for Windows is an informative book on how to use the most popular Internet navigation tool ever developed. By focussing on the PC Windows version of Mosaic (NCSA, AIR Mosaic, and Spyglass), including Web browsers like NetScape, WinWeb and WebSurfer, this book will provide an easy-to-follow guide to using a PC and Mosaic to browse, collect, and discover information and resources across the entire electronic world.

This book constitutes the refereed revised post-workshop proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, NOSSDAV '95, held in Durham, New Hampshire, USA in April 1995.
The 24 full papers included were selected from a total of 101 submissions; together with overviews by the session chairpersons they reflect the state of the art in networking and operating systems support for multimedia. The papers are organized in sections on advance reservation systems, operating systems support, resource management and quality of service, audio and video systems, and scheduling and synchronization.

User interfaces and supporting documentation are both supposed to help people when using a complex device. But often, these forms of support seem to come from different worlds. User interface designers, document designers, and researchers in both interface and document design share many goals, but are also separated by many barriers. In this book, user interface designers and documents designers from Microsoft Corporation and from Apple Computer, plus researchers from several universities try to bridge the gap between interface design and document design. They discuss opportunities for closer cooperation, and for more integrated and effective help for users of modern technology.

and Overview book: to undertake an expedition into these new and to a large extent unexplored territories, explaining along the way what all these things mean to existing programs and their native use under Win32 systems. After all, before putting such nice things as multiple threads or Unicode into their applications, developers have to port them to Win32 in the first place! And this is, in spite of all the promises from Microsoft, somewhat more difficult than I'd expected - at the very least in certain sections. The book is not focused so much on the detailed explanation of all the new functions and possibilities (these won't escape you anyway!); rather, its main concern is to make the transition from 16 to 32 bit as easy and smooth as possible for you as the developer and/or project lead. So, let's have a closer look at the individual parts of the text! Chapter 1: Fundamental The first chapter is for project leads and developers alike. It gives an Aspects and Preliminary overview of the new Win32 systems, describes the most important fea- Considerations tures, and compares them with Win16 and also with the competition coming along in the form of OS/2 3. x and UNIX. I'll show the important architectural and implementation issues, concentrating on Windows NT and detailing the differences for Windows 95 when required.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 12th British National Conference on Databases (BNCOD-12), held at Surrey, Guildford in July 1994. The BNCOD conferences are thought as a platform for exchange between theoreticians and practitioners, where researchers from academia and industry meet professionals interested in advanced database applications. The 13 refereed papers presented in the proceedings were selected from 47 submissions; they are organized in chapters on temporal databases, formal approaches, parallel databases, object-oriented databases, and distributed databases. In addition there are two invited presentations: "Managing open systems now that the "Glashouse" has gone" by R. Baker and "Knowledge reuse through networks of large KBs" by P.M.D. Gray.

Advances in hardware and software technologies have led to an increased interest in the use of large-scale parallel and distributed systems for database, real-time, defense, and large-scale commercial applications. One of the biggest system issues is developing effective techniques for the distribution of multiple program processes on multiple processors. This book discusses how to schedule the processes among processing elements to achieve the expected performance goals, such as minimizing execution time, minimizing communication delays, or maximizing resource utilization.
This book focuses on the future directions of the static scheduling and dynamic load balancing methods in parallel and distributed systems. It provides an overview and a detailed discussion on a wide range of topics from theoretical background to practical, state-of-the-art scheduling and load balancing techniques.
The book will be a useful guide to industry professionals, academic professors, and students who are interested in these important aspects of parallel and distributed systems. Also, it will be helpful to those working on research and development in parallel processing applications, compilers and operating systems, system design, and software tools for parallel program development.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, CONCUR '95, held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in August 1995.
The volume presents seven invited contributions by outstanding researchers and 33 refereed full research papers selected by the program committee out of a total of 91 submissions. The collection of articles gives a representative overview on what happened in this area of research, since the last CONCUR conference took place. There are sections on model checking, mobile processes, process theory, true concurrency, process algebra, probabilistic automata, real-time systems, testing semantics, decidability results, refinement theory, and linear-time logics.

The International Conference on Compiler Construction provides a forum for presentation and discussion of recent developments in the area of compiler construction, language implementation and language design. Its scope ranges from compilation methods and tools to implementation techniques for specific requirements on languages and target architectures. It also includes language design and programming environment issues which are related to language translation. There is an emphasis on practical and efficient techniques.
This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at CC '94, the fifth International Conference on Compiler Construction, held in Edinburgh, U.K., in April 1994.

The utility simply known as "make" is one of the most enduring features of both Unix and other operating systems. First invented in the 1970s, "make" still turns up to this day as the central engine in most programming projects; it even builds the Linux kernel. In the third edition of the classic "Managing Projects with GNU make," readers will learn why this utility continues to hold its top position in project build software, despite many younger competitors.

The premise behind "make" is simple: after you change source files and want to rebuild your program or other output files, "make" checks timestamps to see what has changed and rebuilds just what you need, without wasting time rebuilding other files. But on top of this simple principle, "make" layers a rich collection of options that lets you manipulate multiple directories, build different versions of programs for different platforms, and customize your builds in other ways.

This edition focuses on the GNU version of "make," which has deservedly become the industry standard. GNU make contains powerful extensions that are explored in this book. It is also popular because it is free software and provides a version for almost every platform, including a version for Microsoft Windows as part of the free Cygwin project. "Managing Projects with GNU make," 3rd Edition provides guidelines on meeting the needs of large, modern projects. Also added are a number of interesting advanced topics such as portability, parallelism, and use with Java.

Robert Mecklenburg, author of the third edition, has used "make" for decades with a variety of platforms and languages. In this book he zealously lays forth how to get your builds to be asefficient as possible, reduce maintenance, avoid errors, and thoroughly understand what "make" is doing. Chapters on C++ and Java provide makefile entries optimized for projects in those languages. The author even includes a discussion of the makefile used to build the book.

This volume presents a comprehensive first course in the Monte Carlo method which will be suitable for graduate and undergraduate students in the mathematical sciences and engineering, principally operations research, statistics, mathematics, and computer science. The reader is assumed to have a sound understanding of calculus, introductory matrix analysis, probability, and intermediate statistics, but otherwise the book is self-contained. As well as a thorough exploration of the important concepts of the Monte Carlo method, the volume includes over 90 algorithms which allow the reader to move rapidly from the concepts to putting them into practice. The book also contains numerous exercises, many of them hands-on implementations of selected algoriths to demonstrate the application of these ideas in realistic settings. Software, freely available via ftp and portable across computing platforms, provides programs for pseudorandom number generation and statistical sample path data analysis. The software is suitable for use with the exercises as well as for more general applications. For professional mathematical scientists and engineers this book provides a ready reference to the Monte Carlo method, especially to implementable algoritzms for performing sampling experiments on a computer and for analyzing their results.

Formal specifications were first used in the description of program ming languages because of the central role that languages and their compilers play in causing a machine to perform the computations required by a programmer. In a relatively short time, specification notations have found their place in industry and are used for the description of a wide variety of software and hardware systems. A formal method - like VDM - must offer a mathematically-based specification language. On this language rests the other key element of the formal method: the ability to reason about a specification. Proofs can be empioyed in reasoning about the potential behaviour of a system and in the process of showing that the design satisfies the specification. The existence of a formal specification is a prerequisite for the use of proofs; but this prerequisite is not in itself sufficient. Both proofs and programs are large formal texts. Would-be proofs may therefore contain errors in the same way as code. During the difficult but inevitable process of revising specifications and devel opments, ensuring consistency is a major challenge. It is therefore evident that another requirement - for the successful use of proof techniques in the development of systems from formal descriptions - is the availability of software tools which support the manipu lation of large bodies of formulae and help the user in the design of the proofs themselves."

Systems, Models and Measures seeks to bridge the gap between the 'classical' and the newer technologies by constructing a systematic measurement framework for both. The authors use their experience as consultants in systems, software and quality engineering to take the subject from concept and theory, via strategy and procedure, to tools and applications. The book clarifies the key notions of system, model, measurement, product, process, specification and design. Practical examples demonstrate the 'architecture' of measurement schemes, extending them to object-oriented and subjective measurement. A detailed case study provides a measurement strategy for formal specifications, including Prolog, Z and VDM. The reader will be able to formulate problems in measurable terms, appraise and compare formal specifications, assess and enhance existing measurement practices, and devise measurement schemes for describing objective characteristics and expressing value judgements.

Move into iOS development by getting a firm grasp of its fundamentals, including the Xcode 13 IDE, Cocoa Touch, and the latest version of Apple's acclaimed programming language, Swift 5.5. With this thoroughly updated guide, you'll learn the Swift language, understand Apple's Xcode development tools, and discover the Cocoa framework. Explore Swift's object-oriented concepts Become familiar with built-in Swift types Dive deep into Swift objects, protocols, and generics Tour the life cycle of an Xcode project Learn how nibs are loaded Understand Cocoa's event-driven design Communicate with C and Objective-C In this edition, catch up on the latest iOS programming features: Structured concurrency: async/await, tasks, and actors Swift native formatters and attributed strings Lazy locals and throwing getters Enhanced collections with the Swift Algorithms and Collections packages Xcode tweaks: column breakpoints, package collections, and Info.plist build settings Improvements in Git integration, localization, unit testing, documentation, and distribution And more!