This book provides a resource of current understandings about various aspects of the biology of spermatogonia in mammals. Considering that covering the entire gamut of all things spermatogonia is a difficult task, specific topics were selected to provide foundational information that will be useful for seasoned researchers in the field of germ cell biology as well as investigators entering the area. Looking to the future, the editors predict that the foundational information provided in this book -- combined with the advent of new tools and budding interests in use of non-rodent mammalian models -- will produce another major advance in knowledge regarding the biology of spermatogonia over the next decade. In particular, we anticipate that the core molecular machinery driving different spermatogonial states in most, if not all, mammals will be described fully, the extrinsic signals emanating from somatic support cell populations to influence spermatogonial functions will become fully known, and the capacity to derive long-term cultures of SSCs and transplant the population to regenerate spermatogenesis and fertility will become a reality for higher order mammals.

Bundle includes: 9781119576488 Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology: For Nursing and Healthcare Students, 3rd Edition A concise yet comprehensive introduction to the structure and function of the human body. Written with the needs of nursing and healthcare students in mind, this best-selling textbook incorporates clinical examples and scenarios throughout to illustrate how the topics covered are applied in practice. Hundreds of full-colour illustrations complement numerous case studies encompassing all fields of nursing practice, alongside learning outcomes, self-assessment tests and other effective learning tools. 9781119699491 Fundamentals of Applied Pathophysiology: An Essential Guide for Nursing and Healthcare Students, 4th Edition A highly visual and accessible introduction to pathophysiology for nursing and healthcare students, including brand-new content on homeostasis, a systematic approach to assessment, and key terminology. The book features links to clinical observations, vital signs to observe, investigation boxes, clinical red flags, medication alerts, and the latest, contemporary evidence for care management, including National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2).

O2 in Vascular Disease: Leukocyte Activation and Toxic Oxygen Metabolites/Free Radicals; J.J.F. Belch, P. Hickman.. O2 Transport in Tumours: Oxygen Tension in Primary Tumours of the Uterine Cervix and Lymph Node Metastases of the Head and Neck; H. Lyng, et al. Hyperoxia and Hypoxia: New Horizons in Hyperbaric Oxygnation; P.B. James. O2 Transport in Organs: Brain: Haemoglobin Oxygenation Changes during Visual Stimulation in the Occipital Cortex; J. Ruben, et al. O2 Transport in Organs: Heart and Lung: Relatioship between Regional Myocardial Oxygenation and Function diring Acute Ischemia Supported by Selective Sunction and Retroinfusion (SSR) in Pigs; G. von Degenfeld, et al. O2 Transport in Organs: Skeletal Muscle: Blood Oxygen Desaturation Heterogeneity during Muscle Contraction Recorded by Near Infrared Spectroscopy; P.G. Cooper, et al. Systemic O2 Transport: Local Regulation of O2 Supply: Cellular Metabolic State in Vivo: Fluorocarbons: Functional Imaging: Perfusion and Diffusion Imaging and Spectroscopy: Methods and Instrumentation: Theoretical Models: 92 Additional Articles. Index.

The first text of its kind, Communication for Kinesiology serves as a communication primer for undergraduate students in kinesiology and sport studies, preparing them for successful written and oral scholarly communication within the field.Assuming a contextual approach to communication, the text focuses on formal writing and presentations in scholarly and professional settings. The author provides a wealth of pedagogical features including chapter overviews outlining the topics to be discussed, brief recap lists at the end of each chapter, examples, definitions, tips, and techniques, as well as an end-of-text glossary. Structured with both instructors and students in mind, the modular chapters allow for fluid and flexible application and contain practical and theoretically grounded advice to encourage students to hone their writing and presentation skills by changing how they think about the process and engaging with the rules and conventions of the field. Written to address the needs of undergraduate kinesiology students in North America, Communication for Kinesiology is an invaluable introductory resource for the classroom and beyond.

This monograph, written by experts in the field, is devoted to the molecular analysis of addiction pathways in the brain. It provides an intensive overview of the fundamentals, state?of?the?art advances, and major gaps in the cell and molecular biology of drug addiction within the broader context of neuroscience. Addiction research is a branch of neuroscience and psychology. The emphasis in this book is on hard science and the market for it will be found among research investigators and grad students within the field of neuroscience. The research presented is not only applicable to the study of drug abuse and addiction, but has clear implications for clarifying mechanisms of learning and memory, neuroadaptation, perception, volitional behavior, motivation, reward, and other disciplines of neuroscience.

Major advancements in the field of in situ molecular pathology have occurred since publication of the first edition. In Situ Molecular Pathology and Co-expression Analyses, Second Edition, continues to teach both the molecular basis for the improvements and the actual protocols. This is the unique feature that separates it from the pack of other "cook-book" type approaches. The fields of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry have expanded rapidly where computer-based analyses systems have greatly expanded the power of these methods. Further, knowledge of the marked improvements in the reagents themselves since the first edition can make the difference of excellent versus misleading data. The automated platforms require that researchers and diagnostic biomedical investigators have a good understanding of the basics of in situ based tests, protocols, and biochemistry for troubleshooting in order to maximize the use of these platforms. This second edition focuses attention on straightforward protocols used to simultaneously detect two or more proteins/nucleic acids within intact tissue by doing co-expression analyses. Practicing molecular pathologists, diagnostic pathologists, laboratory directors, and toxicologists, as well as clinicians and researchers in training, will benefit from this clear presentation of protocols and theoretical framework. Data derived from in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.

Proteases in Tissue Remodelling of Lung and Heart is unique for its comprehensive presentation of protease function in lung and heart under both physiological conditions and major diseases manifesting in these two organs. The individual chapters have been written by leaders in the field who paid much attention to outline in great detail the role of proteases in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of disease. Available animal models (of disease, transgenic, or knock-out) are extensively referred to and experimental data obtained thereby are discussed in the context of patient-derived data.

Proteases in Tissue Remodelling of Lung and Heart
*is devoted to proteases in lung and heart specifically and extensively,
*covers major diseases of the lung and heart,
*extensively introduces individual proteases (or families thereof),
*presents up-to-date patient-derived and experimental data,
*covers most aspects of protease function in disease.

This book offers a survey of the state of the art in the field of motion sickness. It begins by describing the historical background and the current definition of motion sickness, then discusses the prevalence among individuals, along with the physiological and psychological concomitants of the disorder. It reviews the incidence of motion sickness in numerous provocative motion environments and discusses various personal factors that appear to influence this aspect. Various characteristics of provocative motion stimuli are also described, together with the results of studies conducted in the laboratory, on motion simulators and at sea. Laboratory tests that could potentially be used to assess an individual's susceptibility to motion sickness and his or her ability to adapt to motion environments are presented in detail, together with the ways in which individuals might be trained to prevent motion sickness or more effectively cope with motion environments. In closing, the book reports on the cognitive-behavioral approach developed by the author (Dobie, 1963) as well as the various desensitization programs employed in military settings, and discusses the relative effectiveness of these methods in comparison to cognitive-behavioral counseling.

Sex-Steroid Interactions with Growth Hormone presents the proceedings of an international symposium held from October 22-25 in Naples, Florida. The proceedings provide new insights and concepts gained by molecular, cellular and neuroendocrine research into mechanistic interactions of the reproductive and somatotrophic axes. Chapters include discussions of the impact of sex steroids on growth hormone secretion in both children and adults; sex steroids, growth hormone releasing factor, and somatostatin; how sex steroids modulate growth hormone action on target issues; and differential effects of growth hormone secretagogues in men and women. This volume is designed for physicians, scientists and other health professionals interested or trained in clinical and basic endocrinology, growth or reproduction.

This book is a collection of principles and current practices in omics research, applied to skeletal muscle physiology and disorders. The various sections are categorized according to the level of biological organization, namely, genomics (DNA), transcriptomics (RNA), proteomics (protein), and metabolomics (metabolite). With skeletal muscle as the unifying theme, and featuring contributions from leading experts in this traditional field of research, it highlights the importance of skeletal muscle tissue in human development, health and successful ageing. It also discusses other fascinating topics like developmental biology, muscular dystrophies, exercise, insulin resistance and atrophy due to disuse, ageing or other muscle diseases, conveying the vast opportunities for generating new hypotheses as well as testing existing hypotheses by combining high-throughput techniques with proper experiment designs, bioinformatics and statistical analyses. Presenting the latest research techniques, this book is a valuable resource for the physiology community, particularly researchers and grad students who want to explore the new opportunities for omics technologies in basic physiology research.

Knowledge of cardiac ion channels and transporters has advanced remarkably in the last two decades with the development of patch-clamp and molecular biological techniques. This textbook offers a comprehensive overview of structures and functions of ion channels and transporters in the heart. Readers are first introduced to the molecular biology and electrophysiology of all the important ion channels. After discussing their developmental changes, the pharmacology and pathophysiology of clinically-relevant ion channels are reviewed. Molecular aspects of the cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and intracellular Ca2+ regulation by ion transporters are also described. The book will be useful to electrophysiologists, cardiac physiologists and pharmacologists, and molecular biologists interested in ion channels at all levels. For research specialists, the book will provide a perspective of the field. The book can be used as a reference source for working scientists in the fields of ion channels, biophysics, cardiac electrophysiology, and pharmacology. It is aimed at graduate and medical students, designed for use as a textbook for graduate and medical courses.

TRP channels play a key role in sensory physiology and have been the focus of intensive investigation in recent years. The proposed book will be a comprehensive, detailed overview of the ways in which TRP channels are involved in a wide variety of sensory modalities. Authors will explore the involvement of TRP channels in photo transduction (sight), chemotransduction (taste and odor), mechanotransduction (touch and hearing), thermo transduction (the sensation of temperature) and pain perception. Furthermore, the book will include some grounding chapters such as one on the history of TRP channel research, one on the biophysical characteristics of the proteins and one on trafficking and post-translational regulation.

Modern Intervention Tools for Rehabilitation addresses current advancements in rehabilitation to better equip clinicians and researchers in the field. This resource will equip professionals for better patient outcomes and improve future rehabilitation research quality. An interdisciplinary understanding of the rehabilitation field is crucial for improved patient care and outcomes, with relevance to patient care in other disciplines as well. With chapters dedicated to diagnostics, choosing appropriate techniques, managing medical treatment, and proper equipment care, readers will be well-equipped to decide on protocols, increase patient outcomes, and improve quality of life.

This text for students and researchers, takes an interdisciplinary approach to describing the chemistry and physics of materials, their biocompatibility, and the consequences of implantation of devices made of these materials into the human body. The reader is introduced to the principles of polymer science and the study of metals, ceramics and composites, and also to the basic biology required to understand the nature of the host-transplant interface. Topics covered in this book include the macromolecular components of cells and tissues, self-assembly processes, biological cascade systems, microscopic structure of cells and tissues, immunology, transplantation biology, and the pathobiology of wound healing. Topics covered in the materials science chapters include the structures and properties of polymers, metals, ceramics and composites, and the processes for forming materials as well as the pathobiology of devices. The final two chapters deal with tissue engineering and the relations between the biology of cells and tissue transplantation, and the engineering of tissue replacements using passaged cells.

This book explores how lighting systems based on LED sources have the ability to positively influence the human circadian system, with benefits for health and well-being. The opening chapters examine the functioning of the human circadian system, its response to artificial lighting, potential health impacts of different types of light exposure, and current researches in circadian photometry. A first case study analyzes the natural lighting available in an urban interior, concluding that it is unable to activate the human circadian system over the entire year. Important original research is then described in which systems suitable for artificial circadian lighting in residential interiors and offices were developed after testing of new design paradigms based on LED sources. Readers will also find a detailed analysis of the LED products available or under development globally that may contribute to optimal artificial circadian lighting, as well as the environmental sensors, control interfaces, and monitoring systems suitable for integration with new LED lighting systems. Finally, guidelines for circadian lighting design are proposed, with identification of key requirements.

The obesity epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that surround the problem. Much attention has been focused on behaviors that lead to obesity, in particular to over consumption of energy-dense food and to sedentary lifestyle. However, obesity is an extremely complex condition with poorly defined pathogenesis. Thanks to greatly enhanced research in the area, the discovery of pathways in the brain and peripheral organs that mediate energy homeostasis has provided a framework for understanding the biological basis of obesity. Metabolic Basis of Obesity adds an important new dimension to the growing literature on obesity by offering a comprehensive review of specifically how metabolic imbalance culminates in obesity. Developed by a team of expert authors, this important title discusses the principles of energy balance, genetics of body weight regulation, hormones and adipokines, and metabolic pathways in the brain, liver, muscle and fat, to name just several of the areas covered. The book also examines the connection between obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other complications. Current and future diagnostic and treatment strategies are also reviewed. Comprehensive and timely, Metabolic Basis of Obesity is an essential reference for understanding the burgeoning problem of obesity.

Tuberculous Meningitis: Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy focuses on the most common and most lethal manifestation of tuberculosis of the central nervous system. It includes up-to-date reviews of the diagnosis, treatment, and management of tuberculous meningitis in adults and children. Extensive guidance is provided for the treatment of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis. Clinicians and researchers will find the beginning chapters on immunopathology and epidemiology of great use in their efforts to develop new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis.

Diabetes: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Second Edition, builds on the success of the first edition, covering updated research on the science of oxidative stress in diabetes and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet and food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are not described in isolation, but rather in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is a single component of this. Since the publication of the first edition, the science of oxidative stress and free radical biology continues to rapidly advance with thousands of the research articles on the topic. New sections in this update cover the role of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in causing OS in diabetes, oxidative stress and diabetes-induced bone metabolism, and oxidative stress and diabetic foot ulcer.

Diabetes and Fundus OCT brings together a stellar cast of authors who review the computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems developed to diagnose non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in an automated fashion using Fundus and OCTA images. Academic researchers, bioengineers, new investigators and students interested in diabetes and retinopathy need an authoritative reference to bring this multidisciplinary field together to help reduce the amount of time spent on source-searching and instead focus on actual research and the clinical application. This reference depicts the current clinical understanding of diabetic retinopathy, along with the many scientific advances in understanding this condition. As the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the assessment and management of diabetic retinopathy has become significant in understanding the vireo retinal relationships and the internal architecture of the retina, this information is more critical than ever.

This Lab Book is the only text of its kind dedicated to the field of strength & conditioning Provides the foundation for performing exercise testing and training in a one-stop resource Practical manual for coaches, trainers, and students

Beautiful illustrations explain complex techniques and methods. Covers key themes relevant to the VTCT and ITEC qualifications. Extra web resources, including a full range of colour diagrams to label, can be used to revise for assessments. Expert authors ensure the highest quality advice and support.

Provides the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on the study of bone biology and related diseases. It is the essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bone biology. It is the most comprehensive, complete, up-to-date source of information on all aspects of bones and bone biology in one convenient source. It takes the reader from the basic elements of fundamental research to the most sophisticated concepts in therapeutics. Bone research in recent years has generated enormous attention, mainly because of the broad public health implications of osteoporosis and related bone disorders.
*Provides a "one-stop" shop. There is no need to search through many research journals or books to glean the information one wants...it is all in one source written by the experts in the field.
*THE essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bones and bone diseases.
*Takes the reader from the basic elements of fundamental research to the most sophisticated concepts in therapeutics.
*Readers can easily search and locate information quickly as it will be online with this new edition.

Metabolic programs of individuals are key determinants for disease susceptibility and immune response. This book, edited by experts in the field, summarizes epigenetic signaling pathways that regulate metabolic programs associated with cancer and cancer-related secondary diseases. The first part of the book highlights key metabolic pathways that are implicated in cancer and provides a comprehensive overview on the carbohydrate, protein, lipid, amino- and nucleic acid metabolic pathways that are deregulated in cancer. Special attention is paid to the altered tumor micro-environment that is influenced by the metabolic milieu. Furthermore, the fundamental relationship between the cellular metabolic environment and cell death-mediated autophagy is discussed. The second part of the book covers our understanding of the fundamental epigenetic regulations that are implicated in controlling the metabolic programs in cancer cells. Many aspects of epigenetic regulation of non-coding RNAs as well as DNA/RNA methylation, which influencing metabolic homeostasis in cancer, are discussed in detail. Special emphasis is placed on the epigenetic regulation of the amino acid, glucose/carbohydrate metabolism and epigenetic regulation during hypoxia and its connection to cancer. Last but not least, the third part of the book covers small molecule modulators of histone modifying enzymes, which can be used as therapeutic tools. The readers learn about the cross-talk between epigenetics and immunometabolims, as well as the epigenetic regulation of oncometabolites to combat cancer. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in epigenetic, cancer and metabolic research.

Low back pain affects most of us at some time, and exercise is key to both its prevention and treatment. Critically appraising work from several approaches to produce an integrated, practical approach suitable for day-to-day clinicians and personal trainers, this essential guide looks at the science and practice of designing and teaching the best exercise programmes for this common condition. Learn: vital client assessment skills, which exercises to use and why, the most effective teaching methods, how to structure and progress a full backpain management programme. Aimed at student therapists and clinical exercise teachers, as well as trainers planning exercise programmes for subjects recovering from low back pain, Back Rehabilitation is essential reading for Therapists and Exercise academics and professionals of all types.