This book was written by many outstanding investigators who have spent decades to study different aspects of blood-tissue barrier function. They have summarized some of the latest and fascinating development in their fields of research including the blood-brain barrier, the blood-retinal barrier, the gut barrier, the blood-biliary barrier, the blood-follicle barrier, the blood-epididymis barrier, the blood-testis barrier, the tight junction barrier in general as well as barriers in the female reproductive tract. Included are also chapters that focus on topics that are physiologically applicable to all blood-tissue barriers. Many of these chapters also include information on specific human diseases, such as pathological changes of the gut barrier that cause bowel disorders resulting from inflammation of the epithelial lining in the intestine, and infertility in men as a result of disruption of the blood-epididymal and/or blood-testis barriers; and on new therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug delivery across the blood-brain and the blood-retinal barriers).

Biology of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases combines physiology and pathophysiology of selected metabolic and cardiovascular diseases with health relevance. Written in a concise and easy to read manner, the book allows readers to gain an understanding on a number of topics, including cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology and how it relates to the development of insulin resistance, diabetes and other metabolic diseases. The book also highlights the relevance of obesity in the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and emphasizes the benefits of exercise as a preventative measure and way to treat underlying conditions.

Brain Mapping: A Comprehensive Reference offers foundational information for students and researchers across neuroscience. With over 300 articles and a media rich environment, this resource provides exhaustive coverage of the methods and systems involved in brain mapping, fully links the data to disease (presenting side by side maps of healthy and diseased brains for direct comparisons), and offers data sets and fully annotated color images. Each entry is built on a layered approach of the content - basic information for those new to the area and more detailed material for experienced readers. Edited and authored by the leading experts in the field, this work offers the most reputable, easily searchable content with cross referencing across articles, a one-stop reference for students, researchers and teaching faculty.

This book highlights the advancements in different fields of clinical electrophysiology and gives the reader a good background of the established practices. To tackle such a wide topic, the book focuses on two main aspects: ablation and pacing, discussing the novel energy sources and approaches to rhythm restoration and control; devices and signal processing, highlighting the new available technologies and numerical approaches aiding practice and home medicine. It also presents the reader with selected strategies that could be a paradigm shifts for the field: in situ cell reprogramming, exploiting the newly founded achievements in epigenetic modification of somatic cells; artificial intelligence; cardiac digital twinning, which aims to collect the information from imaging, mechanics and electrophysiology and condense it into a patient-specific model for personalized treatment.

In the past few years, the application of proteomics to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying (mal-)functioning of the nervous system and brain disorders has risen steeply, which in many cases has yielded novel insights. As neuroproteomics is a new research field involving the use of a number of high-end analytical instruments and technologies, both promises and pitfalls may not be well appreciated by the researchers, and the design of a proper proteomics experiment may not be obvious. "Neuroproteomics" brings together a collection of detailed protocols written by experienced professionals in the field in order to cover aspects of various dimensions of this new technology, together with some established methods that have supporting roles in the workflow of neuroproteomics. Written for the popular "Neuromethods" series, the chapters in this book contain step-by-step, easy to follow instruction along with practical tips and key implementation advice essential for successful implementation of the techniques.

Authoritative and cutting-edge, "Neuroproteomics" will be of great assistance to all researchers seeking to design and execute their own proteomics experiments in an optimal way and continue moving forward this exciting area of study.

This textbook explores the fundamental qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology. It approaches biological and physiological processes and phenomena from a quantitative perspective, revealing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated starting from simple laws of physics. The book addresses a broad range of topics, including: the statics and dynamics of circulation; muscle and sarcomere force-length and force-velocity relations, together with their mechanisms and functional consequences; subdivisions and meaning of the heat produced by muscle; locomotion, statics and dynamics of respiration; diffusion of gases and acid base equilibrium; phonation; general functions of the kidney and of the different sections of the nephron; changes in clearance with a substance's plasmatic concentration; pH regulation and the kidney; Donnan's equilibrium and its consequences; and the Nernst equation. The book offers the ideal learning resource for students of human physiology courses in medicine and biomedicine, as well as biomedical engineering and biophysics graduate students. An elementary grasp of mathematics and physics is sufficient to understand the content.

With this new 6th Edition, Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance continues to provide an authoritative resource for mastering exercise physiology. This engaging, accessible and approachable resource integrates theoretical and research-based basic exercise physiology with real-world application to prepare students for exciting positions in exercise science, fitness, physical education, athletic training, rehabilitation, coaching, and/or allied health professions. Updated throughout, the text uses sound pedagogical principles to explain scientific research that is the foundation of exercise physiology and incorporates multiple features to help students apply their knowledge to improve human health, fitness, and performance. Content in this edition is organized by independent units (Metabolic, Cardiovascular-Respiratory, Neuromuscular-Skeletal, and Neuroendocrine-Immune), offering maximum teaching flexibility for faculty and ensuring a consistent, efficient, and effective learning experience for students. New Literature Search exercises reinforce the scientific basis of each discipline and boost students' information literacy. Current research incorporated throughout the text keeps students up to date with emerging topics and the latest approaches to exercise physiology. Focus on Application and Focus on Research boxes strengthen students' ability to recognize the impact of research on practice and apply basic concepts to relevant scenarios. Clinically Relevant boxes familiarize students with information, situations, or case studies they may encounter during internships or professional practice. Check Your Comprehension boxes reinforce the ability to work through problems, interpret circumstances, analyze information, and deduce answers as you move through each chapter. Example boxes enhance problem-solving and calculation skills. Definition boxes help students master key terminology. Summaries highlight essential chapter takeaways at a glance. Links to Online Resources help students make the most of their study time and ensure understanding.

Learn about the many things humans can do to get warm when they are too cold. Created in collaboration with the Smithsonian Institution, this STEAM book will ignite a curiosity about STEAM topics through real-world examples. It features a hands-on STEAM challenge that is perfect for makerspaces and that guides students step-by-step through the engineering design process. Make STEAM career connections with career advice from actual Smithsonian employees working in STEAM fields. Introduce early science topics to young readers with this STEAM book that is ideal for 1st grade students or ages 5-7.

This book provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the state of knowledge on the role of microbes in inducing autoimmune diseases. The initial chapters address the basic concept and clinical implications of immunology, while the following section discusses the role of genetics, epigenetics, hormones, stochastic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. The third section introduces readers to various autoimmune disorders and presents the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autoimmune diseases. In closing, the book examines the role of intestinal flora in the development of autoimmune diseases, delineates the underlying mechanism responsible for autoimmunity onset, and examines the potential of microbial therapeutics in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for all scientists and clinicians working in immunology, rheumatology and autoimmune diseases.

Structure and Function of the Extracellular Matrix: A Multiscale Quantitative Approach introduces biomechanics and biophysics with applications to understand the biological function of the extracellular matrix in health and disease. A general multiscale approach is followed by investigating behavior from the scale of single molecules, through fibrils and fibers, to tissues of various organ systems. Through mathematical models and structural information, quantitative description of the extracellular matrix function is derived with tissue specific details. The book introduces the properties and organization of extracellular matrix components and quantitative models of the matrix, and guides the reader through predicting functional properties. This book integrates evolutionary biology with multiscale structure to quantitatively understand the function of the extracellular matrix. This approach allows a fresh look into normal functioning as well as the pathological alterations of the extracellular matrix. Professor Suki's book is written to be useful to undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers interested in the quantitative aspects of the extracellular matrix. Researchers working in mechanotransduction, respiratory and cardiovascular mechanics, and multiscale biomechanics of tendon, cartilage, skin, and bone may also be interested in this book.

There are two main reasons for pursuing research in the Sports Sciences. Firstly, by studying responses to exercise, we learn about the normal function of the tissues and or gans whose function allows exercise to be performed. The genetic endowment of elite ath letes is a major factor in their success, and they represent one end of the continuum of human performance capability: the study of elite athletes also demonstrates the limits of human adaptation because nowhere else is the body subjected to such levels of intensive exercise on a regular basis. The second reason for studying Sports Science is the intrinsic interest and value of the subject itself. Elite performers set levels to which others can as pire, but even among spectators, sport is an important part oflife and society. of top sport and elite performers, there is also another reason Apart from the study for medical and scientific interest in sport. There is no longer any doubt that lack ofphysi cal activity is a major risk factor for many of the diseases that affect people in all coun tries: such diseases include coronary heart disease, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. An increased level of recreational physical activity is now an accepted part of the prescription for treatment and prevention of many illnesses, including those with psychological as well as physical causes. An understanding of the normal response to exercise, as well as of the role of exercise in disease prevention, is therefore vital."

Traumatic brain injury has complex etiology and may arise as a consequence of physical abuse, violence, war, vehicle collisions, working in the construction industry, and sports. Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury will improve readers' understanding of the detailed processes arising from traumatic brain injury. Featuring chapters on neuroinflammation, metabolism, and psychology, this volume discusses the impact of these injuries on neurological and body systems to better understand underlying pathways. This book will be relevant for neuroscientists, neurologists, clinicians, and anyone working to better understand traumatic brain injury.

Brain Control of Wakefulness and Sleeping explores the history of efforts to understand the nature of waking and sleeping states from a biological point of view. This research represents the synthesis of the work of two individuals who have devoted their careers to investigating the mysterious states of the mind. This landmark book will interest the beginner scientist/researcher as well as the sleep clinician, with chapters on subjects including Neuronal Control of REM Sleep, Motor Systems and the Role of Active Forebrain, and Humoral Systems in Sleep Control. The authors explore the behavioral and physiological events of waking and sleep, analyzing the current realities and the future possibilities of unifying basic studies on anatomy and cellular psychology.

Two new volumes of Methods in Enzymology continue the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Circadian Rhythms and Biological Clocks Part A and Part B is an exceptional resource for anybody interested in the general area of circadian rhythms. As key elements of timekeeping are conserved in organisms across the phylogenetic tree, and our understanding of circadian biology has benefited tremendously from work done in many species, the volume provides a wide range of assays for different biological systems. Protocols are provided to assess clock function, entrainment of the clock to stimuli such as light and food, and output rhythms of behavior and physiology. This volume also delves into the impact of circadian disruption on human health. Contributions are from leaders in the field who have made major discoveries using the methods presented here.

This book shares the experimental findings and views in current multidisciplinary medical science combining both basic and applied research aimed at resolving problematic health issues. The key topics address contagious diseases, in particular the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management of influenza and influenza-like infections as well as brain tuberculosis. Pulmonary medicine is represented by articles addressing a range of practical issues, including the diagnosis, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, a syndrome whose incidence shows a persistent upward trend worldwide. Other articles address the pathogenesis of air pollution toxicity and allergy and sensory irritation in toxic exposure studies. An intriguing relation of atopic dermatitis to depression and serotoninergic system is debated. The book attempts to integrate research into clinical work and to implement findings to improve care and to decrease suffering from diseases. It is dedicated to the practicing professionals, researchers, and all engaged in health care.

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics will cover Pediatric Endocrinology. Curated by Dr. Andrea Kelly, this issue will explore topics in the field that are relevant for practicing clinicians. This issue is one of four selected each year by the series Consulting Editor, Adriana G. Ioachimescu. The volume will include articles on: Endocrine Sequelae in Childhood Cancer Survivors, Bone Health in Childhood Chronic Disease, Advances in Bone Health Assessment, Inhaled Glucocorticoids and Endocrine Outcomes, Atypical DM (mitochondrial, transplant, CFRD, monogenic), Pediatric Thyroid Cancer (outcomes, genetics, therapeutics), New Technologies in Type 1 diabetes (bionic pancreas, insulin, mobile health), Precocious and Delayed Puberty-Genetic Underpinnings and treatments (various GNRH formulations, implant), Pediatric Type 2 diabetes, Adolescent health outcomes in relation to phthalates.

For one-semester courses in anatomy & physiology. Celebrated for its precise illustrations, emphasis on integration, and engaging clinical content, Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology is crafted especially for students with no prior knowledge of anatomy & physiology and little science background. The 8th Edition guides students through tough A&P topics, helping them retain challenging content in the fast-paced one-semester A&P course. The new edition draws on the outstanding art and hallmark features from the text to create interactives and digital assets that walk students through complicated art and help them to understand difficult concepts. NEW Build Your Knowledge Interactives focus on how the body systems work together to maintain homeostasis.

The Formation of the Heart and its Regulation reviews in considerable detail the major events in heart development and their control via genes, cell-cell interactions, growth factors and other contributing elements. In addition, there is an extensive and useful overview of the field of heart development taken as a whole. The book will appeal to all students and researchers working on cardiovascular development and to pediatric cardiologists.

H; J. Apell: Structure -Function Relationship in P-Type ATPases - A Biophysical Approach; H. Koepsell, B. Schmitt, and V. Goboulev: Organic Cation Transporters; W.G. Wier and K.G. Morgan: Alpha 1- Adrenergic Signaling Mechanisms in Mammalian Resistance Arteries; G. Ahnert-Hilger, M. Holtje, I. Pahner, S. Winter and I.

This new book provides an accessible review of the field of lung biology and disease aimed at the graduate or medical student and biomedical researcher. The book starts by considering the anatomy and ultrastructure of the lung and the tracheal and bronchial system, the control of respiration as well as the fundamentals of pulmonary physiology, gas exchange and circulation. This is followed by discussion of the regulation of acid-base balance, high altitude physiology and pathophysiology as well as exercise and the pulmonary system. Chapters follow on the immunology of the lung, lung injury, asthma and emphysema, granulomatous lung disease, inhalation of toxic substances as well as diseases of the small airways. The final chapter considers current research into lung transplantation.

Almost every aspect of energy and nutrient metabolism is altered by hormonal and other physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation. While it is evident that hormonal adjustments affect nutrient requirements, these are rarely considered when nutrient recommen dations are made for pregnant or lactating women, and often neglected during evaluation of nutritional status. In addition, changes in nutrient metabolism during the stages of pregnancy and oflactation are usually considered separately, while in reality events during pregnancy can have a major influence on nutritional status and nutrient requirements during lactation. The purpose of this volume is to describe changes in the metabolism of important nutrients during pregnancy and lactation, including the physiological basis for these changes and their implications for nutrient requirements and assessment. Authors have considered such issues as inter-relationships between endocrine changes and nutrient metabolism at the tissue, cellular and molecular level; alterations in nutrient binding proteins; the efficiency of nutrient absorp tion and retention; and the impact on maternal as well as fetal nutritional status. Another unique aspect of this book is the focus on pregnancy and lactation as a continuum."

Calcium-Sensing Receptor provides an overview of various aspects of the calcium receptor's biochemistry, physiology and pathophysiology that is suitable both for those who have been working in the field of Ca2+0-sensing as well as those who are new to this discipline.
Calcium-Sensing Receptor is the nineteenth volume published in the Endocrine Updates book series under the Series Editorship of Shlomo Melmed, MD.

Welcome to the City of Groningen, the center of the North of the Netherlands. Groningen is proud of the long lasting tradition of scientific symposia organised by the Sanquin Blood Bank. These Sanquin International Symposia on Blood Transfusion have become a true traditional event in Groningen, marking the early academic year and have contributed to the specific reputation of Groningen and its University in the scientific field of Transfusion Medicine. The growing tradition has also contributed to initiatives of both University, Province and the City of Groningen to bring science and industry together - BioMedCity Groningen. Such repu- tion does not just happen, but is the result of creative and scientific leadership, of vision and an open mind, to explore in a team spirit horizons. Groningen is particularly proud of this reputation thanks to its leadership, the Sanquin Blood Bank North-East. This year in particular the theme chosen some two years ago is extremely timely as it illustrates the activities and scientific interest of an integrated team which includes our regional Sanquin Blood Bank North-East and fits in the City initiatives within the concept of BioMedCity, Groningen.

D. Kamimura, K. Ishihara, T. Hirano: IL-6 Signal Transduction and its Physiological Roles: The Signal Orchestration Model

M. Tanaka and A. Miyajima: Oncostatin M, a Multifunctional Cytokine

G.-J. van de Geijn, L.H.J. Aarts, S.J. Erkeland, J. Prasher, and I.P. Touw: Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and its Receptor in Normal Hematopoietic Cell Development and Myeloid Disease

T. Hanada, I. Kinjyo, K. Inagaki-Ohara and A. Yoshimura: Negative Regulation of Cytokine Signaling by CES/SOCS Family Proteins and Their Roles in Inflammatory Diseases

J. Kalesnikoff, L.M. Sly, M.R. Hughes, T. B chse, M.J. Rauh, L.-P. Cao, V. Lam, A. Mui, M. Huber, and G. Krystal: The Role of SHIP in Cytokine-Induced Signaling