This book brings together emerging objectives and paradigms in the control of both AC and DC microgrids; further, it facilitates the integration of renewable-energy and distribution systems through localization of generation, storage and consumption. The control objectives in a microgrid are addressed through the hierarchical control structure. After providing a comprehensive survey on the state of the art in microgrid control, the book goes on to address the most recent control schemes for both AC and DC microgrids, which are based on the distributed cooperative control of multi-agent systems. The cooperative control structure discussed distributes the co-ordination and optimization tasks across all distributed generators. This does away with the need for a central controller, and the control system will not collapse in response to the outage of a single unit. This avoids adverse effects on system flexibility and configurability, as well as the reliability concerns in connection with single points of failure that arise in traditional, centralized microgrid control schemes. Rigorous proofs develop each control methodology covered in the book, and simulation examples are provided to justify all of the proposed algorithms. Given its extensive yet self-contained content, the book offers a comprehensive source of information for graduate students, academic researchers, and practicing engineers working in the field of microgrid control and optimization.

For junior or senior undergraduate students in Electrical and Electronic Engineering. This text covers the basics of emerging areas in power electronics and a broad range of topics such as power switching devices, conversion methods, analysis and techniques, and applications. Its unique approach covers the characteristics of semiconductor devices first, then discusses the applications of these devices for power conversions. Four main applications are included: flexible ac transmissions (FACTs), static switches, power supplies, dc drives, and ac drives.

This is a comprehensive and timely volume on power quality assessment and system reliability, a topic of increasing importance because of the dependence of modern life upon the continuous supply of electrical energy. Effective prediction and monitoring of voltage and current waveforms has become critical and this indispensable book introduces power engineers to the state of the art in power quality assessment and also covers system simulation and signal detection.
Features include:
* Comprehensive analysis of the main power quality problems and review of power quality standards
* Examination of computer methods in use for power system simulation at harmonic frequencies
* Discussion of modern signal processing techniques and their application to power quality instrumentation
* Combination of continuous real-time monitoring and system simulation to achieve global power quality estimation and locate the main distorting sources.
Practising engineers involved in power system design and operation will find this a valuable reference. Postgraduates and researchers studying power systems and power electronics will appreciate the clear and comprehensive coverage of the latest analytical techniques.

Modern power systems are highly complex due to increasing shares of intermittent renewable energy and distributed generation. Research requires computer simulation and modeling, and knowledge of methods and algorithms. This book presents key concepts of modeling and simulation of power systems. The book introduces the two main families of techniques for computer-based simulation of dynamic systems, and methods that allow parallel simulation execution. The coverage includes digital simulation, topological methods, state space methods, parallelization methods, simulation under uncertainty, phasor simulation, switching systems simulation as well as real-time simulation and hardware in the loop testing. Examples, exercises and a set of simulation solvers implemented in Matlab (R) and Python are also provided. Modeling and Simulation of Complex Power Systems is an invaluable tool for researchers in industry and academia, and advanced students.

Unifies the various approaches used to characterize the interaction of signals with systems. Stresses their commonality, and contrasts difference/differential equation models, convolution, and state variable formulations in presenting continuous- and discrete-time systems. Transform methods are also discussed as they relate to corresponding time-domain techniques. This edition expands discussion of applications of the theoretical material in physical problems, enhancing students' ability to relate this material to design activities. Material on deconvolution has also been added to the time-domain and transform-domain treatments of discrete-time systems. Contains many examples and equations.

System protection is laid between the defenses for power system protective relaying and the emergency control. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of electrical equipment, it strives to ensure the safety of the system, block the chain of occurrence and growth of cascading faults, and effectively avoid the occurrence of large-scale blackout catastrophes. This book systematically elaborates on the dealing technology of a special type of fault, the "cascading fault", in the AC-DC hybrid large-scale power grid. The main contents include immunization distance protection for accident overload; distance protection that is immune to oscillation; inverter control technology to prevent long-term or continuous commutation failure; DC participation emergency power flow control technology used to share the accident transfer overload caused by inverter lockout; and overhead transmission line adaptive overload protection.The basis of English translation of this book from its Chinese original manuscript was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service provider DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision of the content was done by the author.

Lightning is important for all scientists and engineers involved with electric installations. It is gaining further relevance since climate warming is causing an increase in lightning strikes, and since the rising numbers of renewable power generators, the electricity grid, and charging infrastructure are susceptible to lightning damage. This is the second edition to this comprehensive work. Both volumes have been thoroughly revised and updated for this second edition. Volume 1 treats lightning return stroke modelling and lightning electromagnetic radiation, and Volume 2 addresses electrical processes and effects. Chapter coverage includes various models and simulations of lightning strokes, measurements of lightning-generated EM fields, HF, VHF and microwave radiation, and lightning location systems; atmospheric discharge processes, lightning strikes to grounded structures and towers, EM field propagation, interaction with cables, effects on power transmission and distribution systems, effects in the ionosphere, mesosphere and magnetosphere, as well as NOx generation and climate effects. The volumes provide the rules and procedures to combine the readers' understanding with a model of every lightning-related electromagnetic process, and their effects and interactions. Readers obtain first-hand experience through simulations of the EM field of thunderclouds and lightning flashes and their effects. These volumes are a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in the areas of electrical engineering and physics involved in the fields of electromagnetic compatibility, lightning protection, renewable energy systems, smart grids, and lightning physics, as well as for professionals from telecommunication companies and manufacturers of power equipment, and advanced students.

Awarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology A unique comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems, Networks of Power not only provides an accurate representation of large-scale technological change but also demonstrates that technology itself cannot be understood or directed unless placed in a cultural context. For Thomas Highes, both the invention of the simplest devices (like the lightbuld itself) and the execution of the grandest schemes (such as harnessing the water power of the Bavarian Alps) fit into an overaching model of technological devleopment. His narrative is an absorbing account of the creative genius, scientific achievements, engineering capabilities, managerial skills, and entrepreneurial risks behind one of the most commonplace amenities of the modern age.

Power systems are becoming increasingly complex, handling rising shares of distributed intermittent renewable generation, EV charging stations, and storage. To ensure power availability and quality, the grid needs to be monitored as a whole, by wide area monitoring (WAM), not just in small sections separately. Parameter oscillations need to be detected and acted upon. This requires sensors, data assimilation and visualization, comparison with models, modelling, and system architectures for different grid types. This hands-on reference for researchers in power systems, professionals at grid operators and grid equipment manufacturers, as well as for advanced students, offers a comprehensive treatment of advanced data-driven signal processing techniques for the analysis and characterization of system data and transient oscillations in power grids. Algorithms and examples help readers understand the material. Challenges involved in realistic monitoring, visualization, and analysis of actual disturbance events are emphasized. Chapters in this second edition cover WAM and analysis systems, WAM system architectures, modelling of power system dynamic processes, data processing and feature extraction, multi-sensor multitemporal data fusion, WAM of power systems with high penetration of distributed generation, distributed wide-area oscillation monitoring, near real-time analysis and monitoring, and interpretation and visualization of wide-area PMU measurements.

Covers the latest practices, challenges and theoretical advancements in the domain of balancing economic efficiency and operation risk mitigation This book examines both system operation and market operation perspectives, focusing on the interaction between the two. It incorporates up-to-date field experiences, presents challenges, and summarizes the latest theoretic advancements to address those challenges. The book is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the fundamentals of integrated system and market operations, including market power mitigation, market efficiency evaluation, and the implications of operation practices in energy markets. The second part discusses developing technologies to strengthen the use of the grid in energy markets. System volatility and economic impact introduced by the intermittency of wind and solar generation are also addressed. The third part focuses on stochastic applications, exploring new approaches of handling uncertainty in Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) as well as the reserves needed for power system operation. The fourth part provides ongoing efforts of utilizing transmission facilities to improve market efficiency, via transmission topology control, transmission switching, transmission outage scheduling, and advanced transmission technologies. Besides the state-of-the-art review and discussion on the domain of balancing economic efficiency and operation risk mitigation, this book: * Describes a new approach for mass market demand response management, and introduces new criteria to improve system performance with large scale variable generation additions * Reviews mathematic models and solution methods of SCUC to help address challenges posed by increased operational uncertainties with high-penetration of renewable resources * Presents a planning framework to account for the value of operational flexibility in transmission planning and to provide market mechanism for risk sharing Power Grid Operations in a Market Environment: Economic Efficiency and Risk Mitigation is a timely reference for power engineers and researchers, electricity market traders and analysts, and market designers.

This book explains wavelets to both engineers and mathematicians. It approaches the subject with a major emphasis on the filter structures attached to wavelets. Those filters are the key to algorithmic efficiency and they are well developed throughout signal processing. Now they make possible major achievements in data analysis and compression. The explanations of difficult topics are direct, rigorous and very approachable. Many practical applications are discussed. The book is ideal as an introduction to the principles of wavelets and as a reference for the analysis and applications. Also included in Wavelets and Filter Banks are many examples to make effective use of the MATLAB Wavelet Toolbox.

Transient current and voltage peaks in a power network frequently result in damage to system components. Occurrences range from voltage oscillations after the interruption of short-circuit currents to the effects of lightning strikes. Encompassing the fundamentals of transient phenomena, this reference provides effective techniques for the prediction and limitation of transient behaviour.

With the current emphasis on quality of power supply, this concise treatment of transients in power systems will prove a valuable resource to practising power system designers, engineers, researchers and advanced students of electrical engineering.

Features Include:

• An in-depth account of power transients and the transient analysis of electrical power systems, with descriptions of the latest industry standards.
• Explanation of the basics of electrical circuit theory and the effects of transients in the full range of power networks and components.
• Summary of the physical phenomena responsible for transient behaviour and the mathematical tools required to tackle it.
• Detailed coverage of switching actions, switching gear testing and insulation co-ordination
• Guidance in the testing of high-voltage circuit breakers and appropriate measurement techniques.
• Focus on the current interruption process and the incorporation of arc modelling into transient programs such as EMTP, MNA, Xtrans and the MATLAB power system blockset.

Power System Small Signal Stability Analysis and Control, Second Edition analyzes severe outages due to the sustained growth of small signal oscillations in modern interconnected power systems. This fully revised edition addresses the continued expansion of power systems and the rapid upgrade to smart grid technologies that call for the implementation of robust and optimal controls. With a new chapter on MATLAB programs, this book describes how the application of power system damping controllers such as Power System Stabilizers and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System controllers-namely Static Var Compensator and Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator -can guard against system disruptions. Detailed mathematical derivations, illustrated case studies, the application of soft computation techniques, designs of robust controllers, and end-of-chapter exercises make it a useful resource to researchers, practicing engineers, and post-graduates in electrical engineering.

This book presents select proceedings of the 3rd Electric Power and Renewable Energy Conference 2022 (EPREC 2022). This book provides rigorous discussions, case studies, and recent developments in the emerging areas of the power systems, especially renewable energy conversion systems, distributed generations, microgrids, smart grids, HVDC & FACTS, power system protection, etc. The readers would be benefited in terms of enhancing their knowledge and skills in the domain areas. The book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in developments in the power system.

State estimation is a key function for real-time operation and control of electrical power systems since its role is to provide a complete, coherent, and reliable network real-time model used to set up other real-time operation and control functions. In recent years it has extended its applications to monitoring active distribution networks with distributed energy resources. The inputs of a conventional state estimator are a redundant collection of real-time measurement, load and production forecasts and a mathematical model that relates these measurements to the complex nodal voltages, which are taken as the state variables of the system. The goal of state estimation is to adjust models so that they are closer to observed values and deliver better forecasts. In power systems, this is key to maintaining power quality and operating generation and storage units well. This book, written by international authors from industry and universities, systematically addresses state estimation in power distribution systems. Chapters convey techniques for distribution system state estimation, such as classical methods, three-phase network modelling, power flow calculation, fast decoupled approaches and their new application via complex per unit normalization, the Bayesian method, and multiarea state estimation. Also, synchronized and non-synchronized measurements with different sample rates, real-time monitoring, and practical experiences of distribution state estimation are covered. Researchers involved with electrical power and electrical distribution systems, professionals working in utilities, advanced students and PhD students will find this work essential reading.

"The first step in securing the Smart Grid is to fully understand the threat landscape. This book provides both a timely and relevant overview of the subject - a must-read for anyone responsible for securing the grid as well as consumers looking to implement the technology ."-- Dr. Patrick Engebretson, Assistant Professor of Computer Security, Dakota State University.

"Easy to read and full of valuable information, this book provides a wide-eyed view of our future and the security challenges we will be facing in our day-to-day lives. Exploring everything from home systems to large-scale power plants, this is a must-read for everyone in our technological society."-- Thomas Wilhelm, ISSMP, CISSP, SCSECA, SCNA, SCSA, IEM, IAM

Smart Grids are the future of energy. By creating networks from power plant to home, utility companies will be able to regulate power consumption making sure that consumers are receiving the amount that is needed, no more or less. While this new use of networking technology and unique applications such as smart meters will help to conserve energy it also opens up a pipeline, that was regulated manually, into the computer world of interconnected networks. The infrastructure that is being built will need to have robust security as an attack on this network could create chaos to tens of thousands of power consumers, stop a utility company in its tracks, or be used in a cyberwar.

"Securing the Smart Grid" takes a look at grid security today, how it is developing and being deployed into now over 10 million households in the US alone. Direct attacks to smart meters as well as attacks via the networks will be detailed along with suggestions for defense against them. A framework for how security should be implemented throughout this growing system will be included directing security consultants, and system and network architects on how to keep the grid strong against attackers big and small.
Details how old and new hacking techniques can be used against the grid and how to defend against themDiscusses current security initiatives and how they fall short of what is neededFind out how hackers can use the new infrastructure against itself

Brings the knowledge of 24 experts in this maturing field out from the narrow confines of academic circles, and makes it accessible to graduate students and power electronics professionals alike.
* Provides practicing engineers with the knowledge to predict power requirement behavior.
* The insights gained from this all-inclusive compilation will ultimately lead to better design methodologies.

Demand response (DR) describes controlled changes in the power consumption of an electric load to better match the power demand with the supply. This helps with increasing the share of intermittent renewables like solar and wind, thus ensuring use of the generated clean power and reducing the need for storage capacity. This book conveys the principles, implementation and applications of demand response. Chapters cover an overview of industrial DR strategies, cybersecurity, DR of industrial customers, price-based demand response, EV, transactive energy, DR with residential appliances, use of machine learning and neural networks, measurement and verification, and case studies in the Aran Islands, as well as a use case of AI and NN in energy consumption markets. The chapters have been written by an international team of highly qualified experts from academia as well as industry, ensuring a balanced and practically oriented insight. Readers will be able to develop and apply DR strategies to their respective systems. Industrial Demand Response: Methods, best practices, case studies, and applications is a valuable resource for researchers involved with regional as well as industrial power systems, power system engineers, experts at grid operators and advanced students.

Maintaining appropriate power systems and equipment expertise is necessary for a utility to support the reliability, availability, and quality of service goals demanded by energy consumers now and into the future. However, transformer talent is at a premium today, and all aspects of the power industry are suffering a diminishing of the supply of knowledgeable and experienced engineers.
Now in print for over 80 years since initial publication in 1925 by Johnson & Phillips Ltd, the J & P Transformer Book continues to withstand the test of time as a key body of reference material for students, teachers, and all whose careers are involved in the engineering processes associated with power delivery, and particularly with transformer design, manufacture, testing, procurement, application, operation, maintenance, condition assessment and life extension.
Current experience and knowledge have been brought into this thirteenth edition with discussions on moisture equilibrium in the insulation system, vegetable based natural ester insulating fluids, industry concerns with corrosive sulphur in oil, geomagnetic induced current (GIC) impacts, transportation issues, new emphasis on measurement of load related noise, and enhanced treatment of dielectric testing (including Frequency Response Analysis), Dissolved Gas analysis (DGA) techniques and tools, vacuum LTCs, shunt and series reactors, and HVDC converter transformers. These changes in the thirteenth edition together with updates of IEC reference Standards documentation and inclusion for the first time of IEEE reference Standards, provide recognition that the transformer industry and market is truly global in scale.
-- From the foreword by Donald J. Fallon
Martin Heathcote is a consultant specializing in power transformers, primarily working for utilities. In this context he has established working relationships with transformer manufacturers on several continents. His background with Ferranti and the UK s Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) included transformer design and the management and maintenance of transformer-based systems.
* The definitive reference for all involved in designing, installing, monitoring and maintaining high-voltage systems using power transformers (electricity generation and distribution sector; large-scale industrial applications)
* The classic reference work on power transformers and their applications: first published in 1925, now brought fully up to date in this thirteenth edition
* A truly practical engineering approach to design, monitoring and maintenance of power transformers - in electricity generation, substations, and industrial applications."

Smart grids with distributed clean energy generation, storage and prosumers are the future of energy systems. They need two-way digital communication between multiple customers and suppliers of energy, to produce, buy and sell electricity to the grid at small scales. These arrangements need a system that maintains, checks, and registers information about transactions. Blockchain technology is able to handle these requirements with smart contracts, peer-to-peer energy trading and immutable transactions. A blockchain is a digital ledger of transactions that can be accessed across the entire network of computer systems. Combined with sensors to track energy flows, blockchain can enable the smart grid. After an introduction to blockchain, chapters cover integration with IoT, IoT- and blockchain-enabled smart grids, use of sensors, security and privacy, use of machine and deep learning, energy storage and transaction, as well as use of cryptocurrencies for transactions. Written by an international team with the necessary multi-disciplinarity, this work for researchers in power systems as well as economists with related interests covers the use of blockchain technology for smart grids.

Lightning is important for all scientists and engineers involved with electric installations. It is gaining further relevance since climate warming is causing an increase in lightning strikes, and since the rising numbers of renewable power generators, the electricity grid, and charging infrastructure are susceptible to lightning damage. This is the second edition to this comprehensive work. Both volumes have been thoroughly revised and updated for this second edition. Volume 1 treats lightning return stroke modelling and lightning electromagnetic radiation, and Volume 2 addresses electrical processes and effects. Chapter coverage includes various models and simulations of lightning strokes, measurements of lightning-generated EM fields, HF, VHF and microwave radiation, and lightning location systems; atmospheric discharge processes, lightning strikes to grounded structures and towers, EM field propagation, interaction with cables, effects on power transmission and distribution systems, effects in the ionosphere, mesosphere and magnetosphere, as well as NOx generation and climate effects. The volumes provide the rules and procedures to combine the readers' understanding with a model of every lightning-related electromagnetic process, and their effects and interactions. Readers obtain first-hand experience through simulations of the EM field of thunderclouds and lightning flashes and their effects. These volumes are a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in the areas of electrical engineering and physics involved in the fields of electromagnetic compatibility, lightning protection, renewable energy systems, smart grids, and lightning physics, as well as for professionals from telecommunication companies and manufacturers of power equipment, and advanced students.

Future of Utilities - Utilities of the Future: How technological innovations in distributed generation will reshape the electric power sector relates the latest information on the electric power sector its rapid transformation, particularly on the distribution network and customer side. Trends like the rapid rise of self-generation and distributed generation, microgrids, demand response, the dissemination of electric vehicles and zero-net energy buildings that promise to turn many consumers into prosumers are discussed. The book brings together authors from industry and academic backgrounds to present their original, cutting-edge and thought-provoking ideas on the challenges currently faced by electric utilities around the globe, the opportunities they present, and what the future might hold for both traditional players and new entrants to the sector. The book's first part lays out the present scenario, with concepts such as an integrated grid, microgrids, self-generation, customer-centric service, and pricing, while the second part focuses on how innovation, policy, regulation, and pricing models may come together to form a new electrical sector, exploring the reconfiguring of the current institutions, new rates design in light of changes to retail electricity markets and energy efficiency, and the cost and benefits of integration of distributed or intermittent generation, including coupling local renewable energy generation with electric vehicle fleets. The final section projects the future function and role of existing electrical utilities and newcomers to this sector, looking at new pathways for business and pricing models, consumer relations, technology, and innovation.

Power systems are becoming increasingly complex as well as flexible, able to integrate distributed renewable generation, EV, and additional loads. This expanded and updated second edition covers the technologies needed to operate modern power grids. Initial chapters cover power system modelling, telegrapher equations, power flow analysis, discrete Fourier transformation and stochastic differential equations. Ensuing chapters deal with power system operation and control, power flow, real-time control and state estimation techniques for distribution systems as well as shipboard systems. The final chapters describe stability analysis of power systems and cover voltage stability, transient stability, time delays, and limit cycles. New content for the second edition includes four new chapters on recent modelling, control and stability analysis of power electronic converters and electric vehicles. This new edition is an essential guide to technologies for operating modern flexible power systems for PhD students, early-career researchers and practitioners in the field.

A plant engineer is responsible for a wide range of industrial activities, and may work in any industry. The Plant Engineer's Reference Book 2nd Edition is a reference work designed to provide a primary source of information for the plant engineer.

Subjects include the selection of a suitable site for a factory and provision of basic facilities, including boilers, electrical systems, water, HVAC systems, pumping systems and floors and finishes.
Detailed chapters deal with basic issues such as lubrication, corrosion, energy conservation, maintenance and materials handling as well as environmental considerations, insurance matters and financial concerns.
The editor, Dennis Snow, has experience of a wide range of operations in the UK, Europe, the USA, and elsewhere in the world. Produced with the backing of the Institution of Plant Engineers, the Plant Engineer's Reference Book, 2nd Edition provides complete coverage of the information needed by plant engineers in any industry worldwide.

Wide range of information will prove to be use to engineers in any industry.
Covers all the topics necessary to design and develop an engineering plant.
Will help engineers in industry deal with practical problems in a variety of situations.

Transient events are short-lived bursts of energy in a system resulting from a sudden change of the state. They can be caused by faults, switching events or sudden changes in generation and load. Given the need to expand HV cable grids and to interconnect national grids to increase grid flexibility, the effects of such transients need to be understood in order to maintain the security of power supply and power quality. This book presents an overview of formulas to model transients in cable systems based on complete solutions of Maxwell's equations. It presents solutions to particularly model important high frequency phenomena. The impedance and admittance at a very low frequency for HVDC systems are investigated. In addition, the modeling methods of underground cables created in the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) are described. Moreover, the wave propagation characteristics of overhead lines and underground cables, and steady-state and transient behaviour of three-phase cables are further investigated in this book. Finally, transients in large interconnected HV cable networks in Denmark and the Netherlands are presented as case studies. Electromagnetic Transients in Large HV Cable Networks enables researchers, HV system manufacturers and grid operators to model, simulate and analyse transient phenomena in large HV cable systems and to create solutions to counter and mitigate them.