This thesis addresses a novel application of network modelling methodologies to power transformers. It develops a novel thermal model and compares its performance against that of a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, as well as in experiments conducted in a dedicated setup built exclusively for this purpose. Hence, the thesis cross-links three of the most important aspects in high-quality research: model development, simulation and experimental validation. Network modelling is used to develop a tool to simulate the thermal performance of power transformers, widely acknowledged to be critical assets in electrical networks. After the strong de-regulation of electricity markets and de-carbonization of worldwide economies, electrical networks have been changing fast. Both asset owners and equipment manufacturers are being driven to develop increasingly accurate modelling capabilities in order to optimize either their operation or their design. Temperature is a critical parameter in every electric machine and power transformers are no exception. As such, the thesis is relevant for a wide range of stakeholders, from utilities to power transformer manufacturers, as well as researchers interested in the energy industry. It is written in straightforward language and employs a highly pedagogic approach, making it also suitable for non-experts.

This book discusses novel methods for planning and coordinating converters when an existing point-to-point (PtP) HVDC link is expanded into a multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system. It demonstrates that expanding an existing PtP HVDC link is the best way to build an MTDC system, and is especially a better option than the build-from-scratch approach in cases where several voltage-sourced converter (VSC) HVDC links are already in operation. The book reports in detail on the approaches used to estimate the new steady-state operation limits of the expanded system and examines the factors influencing them, revealing new operation limits in the process. Further, the book explains how to coordinate the converters to stay within the limits after there has been a disturbance in the system. In closing, it describes the current DC grid control concept, including how to implement it in an MTDC system, and introduces a new DC grid control layer, the primary control interface (IFC).

This book presents cutting-edge perspectives and research results in smart energy spanning multiple disciplines across four main topics: smart metering, smart grid modeling, control and optimization, and smart grid communications and networking. Chapters from an international panel of experts in the field cover: privacy-preserving data aggregation in smart metering systems; smart price-based scheduling of flexible residential appliances; smart tariffs for demand response from smart metering platforms; decentralized models for real-time renewable integration in future grid; distributed and decentralized control in future power systems; multiobjective optimization for smart grid system design; frequency regulation of smart grid via dynamic demand control and battery energy storage systems; distributed frequency control and demand-side management; game theory approaches for demand side management in the smart grid; energy storage systems and grid integration; overview of research in the ADVANTAGE project; big data analysis of power grid from random matrix theory; a model-driven evaluation of demand response communication protocols for smart grid; energy efficient smart grid communications; and cyber security of smart grid state estimation.

This book offers a concise introduction to the analysis of electrical transients aimed at students who have completed introductory circuits and freshman calculus courses. While it is written under the assumption that these students are encountering transient electrical circuits for the first time, the mathematical and physical theory is not 'watered-down.' That is, the analysis of both lumped and continuous (transmission line) parameter circuits is performed with the use of differential equations (both ordinary and partial) in the time domain, and the Laplace transform. The transform is fully developed in the book for readers who are not assumed to have seen it before. The use of singular time functions (unit step and impulse) is addressed and illustrated through detailed examples. The appearance of paradoxical circuit situations, often ignored in many textbooks (because they are, perhaps, considered 'difficult' to explain) is fully embraced as an opportunity to challenge students. In addition, historical commentary is included throughout the book, to combat the misconception that the material in engineering textbooks was found engraved on Biblical stones, rather than painstakingly discovered by people of genius who often went down many wrong paths before finding the right one. MATLAB (R) is used throughout the book, with simple codes to quickly and easily generate transient response curves.

Adapted from an updated version of the author's classic Electric Power System Design and Analysis, with new material designed for the undergraduate student and professionals new to Power Engineering. The growing importance of renewable energy sources, control methods and mechanisms, and system restoration has created a need for a concise, comprehensive text that covers the concepts associated with electric power and energy systems. Introduction to Electric Power Systems fills that need, providing an up-to-date introduction to this dynamic field. The author begins with a discussion of the modern electric power system, centering on the technical aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization. After providing an overview of electric power and machine theory fundamentals, he offers a practical treatment-focused on applications-of the major topics required for a solid background in the field, including synchronous machines, transformers, and electric motors. He also furnishes a unique look at activities related to power systems, such as power flow and control, stability, state estimation, and security assessment. A discussion of present and future directions of the electrical energy field rounds out the text. With its broad, up-to-date coverage, emphasis on applications, and integrated MATLAB scripts, Introduction to Electric Power Systems provides an ideal, practical introduction to the field-perfect for self-study or short-course work for professionals in related disciplines.

Protection Technologies of Ultra-High-Voltage AC Transmission Systems considers the latest research on UHV, UHV transmission line electromagnetic field, transmission line parameters, and tower structures, with a focus on protective relaying of UHV transmission systems. This book gives insights into protective relaying of UHV AC transmission systems and sheds light on the conundrum of protective relaying for the EHV systems. In addition, it elaborates on both traditional relaying and the application of new type current differential protection, distance protection and automatic reclosing, as well as protective schemes for transformers and reactors in UHV transmission systems. This resource will serve as an important reference for technical personnel in network design and operation, as well as students and engineers in related engineering areas.

Energy has been an inevitable component of human lives for decades. Recent rapid developments in the area require analyzing energy systems not as independent components but rather as connected interdependent networks. The Handbook of Networks in Power Systems includes the state-of-the-art developments that occurred in the power systems networks, in particular gas, electricity, liquid fuels, freight networks, as well as their interactions. The book is separated into two volumes with three sections, where one scientific paper or more are included to cover most important areas of networks in power systems. The first volume covers topics arising in electricity network, in particular electricity markets, smart grid, network expansion, as well as risk management. The second volume presents problems arising in gas networks; such as scheduling and planning of natural gas systems, pricing, as well as optimal location of gas supply units. In addition, the second volume covers the topics of interactions between energy networks. Each subject is identified following the activity on the domain and the recognition of each subject as an area of research. The scientific papers are authored by world specialists on the domain and present either state-of-the-arts reviews or scientific developments.

This textbooks demonstrates the application of software tools in solving a series of problems from the field of designing power system structures and systems. It contains four chapters: The first chapter leads the reader through all the phases necessary in the procedures of computer aided modeling and simulation. It guides through the complex problems presenting on the basis of eleven original examples. The second chapter presents application of software tools in power system calculations of power systems equipment design. Several design example calculations are carried out using engineering standards like MATLAB, EMTP/ATP, Excel & Access, AutoCAD and Simulink. The third chapters focuses on the graphical documentation using a collection of software tools (AutoCAD, EPLAN, SIMARIS SIVACON, SIMARIS DESIGN) which enable the complete automation of the development of graphical documentation of a power systems. In the fourth chapter, the application of software tools in the project management in power systems is discussed. Here, the emphasis is put on the standard software MS Excel and MS Project.

This book presents comprehensive coverage of current and emerging multiple access, random access, and waveform design techniques for 5G wireless networks and beyond. A definitive reference for researchers in these fields, the book describes recent research from academia, industry, and standardization bodies. The book is an all-encompassing treatment of these areas addressing orthogonal multiple access and waveform design, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) via power, code, and other domains, and orthogonal, non-orthogonal, and grant-free random access. The book builds its foundations on state of the art research papers, measurements, and experimental results from a variety of sources.

Power System Small Signal Stability Analysis and Control, Second Edition analyzes severe outages due to the sustained growth of small signal oscillations in modern interconnected power systems. This fully revised edition addresses the continued expansion of power systems and the rapid upgrade to smart grid technologies that call for the implementation of robust and optimal controls. With a new chapter on MATLAB programs, this book describes how the application of power system damping controllers such as Power System Stabilizers and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System controllers-namely Static Var Compensator and Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator -can guard against system disruptions. Detailed mathematical derivations, illustrated case studies, the application of soft computation techniques, designs of robust controllers, and end-of-chapter exercises make it a useful resource to researchers, practicing engineers, and post-graduates in electrical engineering.

Substation Automation Systems: Design and Implementation aims to close the gap created by fast changing technologies impacting on a series of legacy principles related to how substation secondary systems are conceived and implemented. It is intended to help those who have to define and implement SAS, whilst also conforming to the current industry best practice standards. Key features: * Project-oriented approach to all practical aspects of SAS design and project development. * Uniquely focusses on the rapidly changing control aspect of substation design, using novel communication technologies and IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices). * Covers the complete chain of SAS components and related equipment instead of purely concentrating on intelligent electronic devices and communication networks. * Discusses control and monitoring facilities for auxiliary power systems. * Contributes significantly to the understanding of the standard IEC 61850, which is viewed as a black box for a significant number of professionals around the world. * Explains standard IEC 61850 Communication networks and systems for power utility automation to support all new systems networked to perform control, monitoring, automation, metering and protection functions. Written for practical application, this book is a valuable resource for professionals operating within different SAS project stages including the: specification process; contracting process; design and engineering process; integration process; testing process and the operation and maintenance process.

"Control and Optimization Methods for Electric Smart Grids" brings together leading experts in power, control and communication systems, and consolidates some of the most promising recent research in smart grid modeling, control and optimization in hopes of laying the foundation for future advances in this critical field of study. The contents comprise eighteen essays addressing wide varieties of control-theoretic problems for tomorrow's power grid. Topics covered include control architectures for power system networks with large-scale penetration of renewable energy and plug-in vehicles, optimal demand response, new modeling methods for electricity markets, cyber-security, data analysis and wide-area control using synchronized phasor measurements.

This book focuses on building air conditioning demand response and power storage batteries as the resources that make up the virtual power plant. The research and its outcomes presented in this book provide an overview of virtual power plant technology. The contents focus on both fundamentals and advanced topics such as role of central power supply control office, battery charge and discharge control system, power system simulation, system design for practical application, etc. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book, providing insight to students, engineers, and researchers in the field of power systems

Storage and Hybridization of Nuclear Energy: Techno-economic Integration of Renewable and Nuclear Energy provides a unique analysis of the storage and hybridization of nuclear and renewable energy. Editor Bindra and his team of expert contributors present various global methodologies to obtain the techno-economic feasibility of the integration of storage or hybrid cycles in nuclear power plants. Aimed at those studying, researching and working in the nuclear engineering field, this book offers nuclear reactor technology vendors, nuclear utilities workers and regulatory commissioners a very unique resource on how to access reliable, flexible and clean energy from variable-generation.

Our lives and the functioning of modern societies are intimately intertwined with electricity consumption. We owe our quality of life to electricity. However, the electricity generation industry is partly responsible for some of the most pressing challenges we currently face, including climate change and the pollution of natural environments, energy inequality, and energy insecurity. Maintaining our standard of living while addressing these problems is the ultimate challenge for the future of humanity. The objective of this book is to equip engineering and science students and professionals to tackle this task. Written by an expert with over 25 years of combined academic and industrial experience in the field, this comprehensive textbook covers both fossil fuels and renewable power generation technologies. For each topic, fundamental principles, historical backgrounds, and state-of-the-art technologies are covered. Conventional power production technologies, steam power plants, gas turbines, and combined cycle power plants are presented. For steam power plants, the historical background, thermodynamic principles, steam generators, combustion systems, emission reduction technologies, steam turbines, condensate-feedwater systems, and cooling systems are covered in separate chapters. Similarly, the historical background and thermodynamic principles of gas turbines, along with comprehensive discussions on compressors, combustors, and turbines, are presented and then followed with combined cycle power plants. The second half of the book deals with renewable energy sources, including solar photovoltaic systems, solar thermal power plants, wind turbines, ocean energy systems, and geothermal power plants. For each energy source, the available energy and its variations, historical background, operational principles, basic calculations, current and future technologies, and environmental impacts are presented. Finally, energy storage systems as required technologies to address the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources are covered. While the book has been written with the needs of undergraduate and graduate college students in mind, professionals interested in widening their understanding of the field can also benefit from it.

This textbook is intended for engineering students taking courses in power electronics, renewable energy sources, smart grids or static power converters. It is also appropriate for students preparing a capstone project where they need to understand, model, supply, control and specify the grid side power converters. The main goal of the book is developing in students the skills that are required to design, control and use static power converters that serve as an interface between the ac grid and renewable power sources. The same skills can be used to design, control and use the static power converters used within the micro-grids and nano-grids, as the converters that provide the interface between such grids and the external grid. The author's approach starts with basic functionality and the role of grid connected power converters in their typical applications, and their static and dynamic characteristics. Particular effort is dedicated to developing simple, concise, intuitive and easy-to-use mathematical models that summarize the essence of the grid side converter dynamics. Mathematics is reduced to a necessary minimum, solved examples are used extensively to introduce new concepts, and exercises are used to test mastery of new skills.

Advances in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Conversion Systems addresses the technological challenges of fluctuating and unreliable power supply in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems to help students, researchers, and engineers work toward more PV installations in the grid to make society more sustainable and reliable while complying with grid regulations. The authors combine their extensive knowledge and experience in this book to address both the basics of the power electronic converter technology and the advances of such practical electric power conversion systems. This book includes extensive, step-by-step practical application examples to assist students and engineers to better understand the role of power electronics in modern PV applications and solve the practical issues in grid-connected PV systems.

This book addresses different algorithms and applications based on the theory of multiobjective goal attainment optimization. In detail the authors show as the optimal asset of the energy hubs network which (i) meets the loads, (ii) minimizes the energy costs and (iii) assures a robust and reliable operation of the multicarrier energy network can be formalized by a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem. Since these design objectives conflict with each other, the solution of such the optimal energy flow problem hasn t got a unique solution and a suitable trade off between the objectives should be identified. A further contribution of the book consists in presenting real-world applications and results of the proposed methodologies developed by the authors in three research projects recently completed and characterized by actual implementation under an overall budget of about 23 million .

The concept of the smart grid promises the world an efficient and intelligent approach of managing energy production, transportation, and consumption by incorporating intelligence, efficiency, and optimality into the power grid. Both energy providers and consumers can take advantage of the convenience, reliability, and energy savings achieved by real-time and intelligent energy management. To this end, the current power grid is experiencing drastic changes and upgrades. For instance, more significant green energy resources such as wind power and solar power are being integrated into the power grid, and higher energy storage capacity is being installed in order to mitigate the intermittency issues brought about by the variable energy resources. At the same time, novel power electronics technologies and operating strategies are being invented and adopted. For instance, Flexible AC transmission systems and phasor measurement units are two promising technologies for improving the power system reliability and power quality. Demand side management will enable the customers to manage the power loads in an active fashion. As a result, modeling and control of modern power grids pose great challenges due to the adoption of new smart grid technologies. In this book, chapters regarding representative applications of smart grid technologies written by world-renowned experts are included, which explain in detail various innovative modeling and control methods.

This book builds on the cutting edge research presented in the previous edition that was the first of its kind to present the technology behind an emerging power systems management tool still in the early stages of commercial roll-out. In the intervening years, synchrophasors have become a crucial and widely adopted tool in the battle against electricity grid failures around the world. Still the most accurate wide area measurement (WAMS) technology for power systems, synchronized phasor measurements have become increasingly sophisticated and useful for system monitoring, as the advent of big data storage allows for more nuanced real-time analysis, allowing operators to predict, prevent and mitigate the impacts of blackouts with enhanced accuracy and effectiveness. This new edition continues to provide the most encompassing overview of the technology from its pioneers, and has been expanded and updated to include all the applications and optimizations of the last decade.

Discover scalable, dependable, and intelligent solutions to the challenges of integrating complex networked microgrids with this definitive guide to the development of cutting-edge power and data systems. Includes advanced fault management control and optimization to enable enhanced microgrid penetration without compromising reliability. Features SDN-based architectures and techniques to enable secure, reliable and fault-tolerant algorithms for resilient networked systems. Provides reachability techniques to facilitate a deeper understanding of microgrid resilience in areas with high penetration of renewables. Combining resilient control, fast programmable networking, reachability analysis, and cyber-physical security, this is essential reading for researchers, professional engineers, and graduate students interested in creating the next generation of data-intensive self-configurable networked microgrid systems, smart communities, and smart infrastructure.

In this book the authors first provide a comprehensive survey on the available studies on control, management, and optimization strategies in AC and DC microgrids. The authors then provide the design of a laboratory-scale microgrid system. Finally, a real-world implementation of the deigned framework is provided. This book paves the way for researchers working on the smart microgrids spread over the fields of electrical engineering, power systems, and smart infrastructures. Furthermore, it provides the readers with a comprehensive insight to understand an in-depth big picture of smart microgrids as well as an all-inclusive framework for laboratory-scale implementation of a microgrid. It is suitable for senior undergraduate students, graduate students who are interested in research in areas related to future smart grids and microgrids, and the researchers working in the related areas. This book also can be used as a reference book for researchers who want to develop laboratories on smart microgrids for future research.

Inspection and Monitoring Technologies of Transmission Lines with Remote Sensing helps readers build a thorough understanding of new technologies and world-class practices developed by the State Grid Corporation of China-the organization responsible for the world's largest power distribution network. Monitoring the operational status of high-voltage transmission lines is critical in supply assurance and continuity. Given the physical size, geographical, and climate variances that transmission lines are subject to, remote sensing and inspection is a critical technology for power distribution organizations. This reference covers current and developing technologies, equipment, and methods for the safe and secure operation and maintenance of transmission lines, including satellite remote sensing technology, infrared and ultraviolet detection technology, helicopter inspection technology, and condition monitoring technology.

This book provides a hybrid approach to fault detection and diagnostics. It presents a detailed analysis related to practical applications of the fault detection and diagnostics framework, and highlights recent findings on power plant nonlinear model identification and fault diagnostics. The effectiveness of the methods presented is tested using data acquired from actual cogeneration and cooling plants (CCPs). The models presented were developed by applying Neuro-Fuzzy (NF) methods. The book offers a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.

This book analyzes the continuous operation of a power plant with condensing power units in combined heat and power mode (CHP-mode) over a period of one year. Focusing on the operation of one and two power-unit systems with differing heat exchanger configurations, this book uses mathematical modeling of the steam-water cycle of a 370 MW power unit to calculate the operating characteristics and mass-energy balance of the system. Featuring comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of the quasi-unsteady operation of power units in cogeneration for electrical power generation, as determined by the Polish Power System, this work also includes an economic analysis of the power plant, presenting the costs and economic effectiveness of such a system.