This book offers a concise introduction to the analysis of electrical transients aimed at students who have completed introductory circuits and freshman calculus courses. While it is written under the assumption that these students are encountering transient electrical circuits for the first time, the mathematical and physical theory is not 'watered-down.' That is, the analysis of both lumped and continuous (transmission line) parameter circuits is performed with the use of differential equations (both ordinary and partial) in the time domain, and the Laplace transform. The transform is fully developed in the book for readers who are not assumed to have seen it before. The use of singular time functions (unit step and impulse) is addressed and illustrated through detailed examples. The appearance of paradoxical circuit situations, often ignored in many textbooks (because they are, perhaps, considered 'difficult' to explain) is fully embraced as an opportunity to challenge students. In addition, historical commentary is included throughout the book, to combat the misconception that the material in engineering textbooks was found engraved on Biblical stones, rather than painstakingly discovered by people of genius who often went down many wrong paths before finding the right one. MATLAB (R) is used throughout the book, with simple codes to quickly and easily generate transient response curves.

Adapted from an updated version of the author's classic Electric Power System Design and Analysis, with new material designed for the undergraduate student and professionals new to Power Engineering. The growing importance of renewable energy sources, control methods and mechanisms, and system restoration has created a need for a concise, comprehensive text that covers the concepts associated with electric power and energy systems. Introduction to Electric Power Systems fills that need, providing an up-to-date introduction to this dynamic field. The author begins with a discussion of the modern electric power system, centering on the technical aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization. After providing an overview of electric power and machine theory fundamentals, he offers a practical treatment-focused on applications-of the major topics required for a solid background in the field, including synchronous machines, transformers, and electric motors. He also furnishes a unique look at activities related to power systems, such as power flow and control, stability, state estimation, and security assessment. A discussion of present and future directions of the electrical energy field rounds out the text. With its broad, up-to-date coverage, emphasis on applications, and integrated MATLAB scripts, Introduction to Electric Power Systems provides an ideal, practical introduction to the field-perfect for self-study or short-course work for professionals in related disciplines.

This book presents comprehensive coverage of current and emerging multiple access, random access, and waveform design techniques for 5G wireless networks and beyond. A definitive reference for researchers in these fields, the book describes recent research from academia, industry, and standardization bodies. The book is an all-encompassing treatment of these areas addressing orthogonal multiple access and waveform design, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) via power, code, and other domains, and orthogonal, non-orthogonal, and grant-free random access. The book builds its foundations on state of the art research papers, measurements, and experimental results from a variety of sources.

Protection Technologies of Ultra-High-Voltage AC Transmission Systems considers the latest research on UHV, UHV transmission line electromagnetic field, transmission line parameters, and tower structures, with a focus on protective relaying of UHV transmission systems. This book gives insights into protective relaying of UHV AC transmission systems and sheds light on the conundrum of protective relaying for the EHV systems. In addition, it elaborates on both traditional relaying and the application of new type current differential protection, distance protection and automatic reclosing, as well as protective schemes for transformers and reactors in UHV transmission systems. This resource will serve as an important reference for technical personnel in network design and operation, as well as students and engineers in related engineering areas.

Electric power systems have become much more complex in the past years, due to the integration of distributed generation including renewable energy sources and the challenges caused by intermittency of renewables. This complexity makes power systems potentially more vulnerable. However, use of computer-based protection methods (i.e., digital protection relays) supported by communication technology have helped in protecting electrical networks from faults to which they are subjected to. This second edition of the book covers a comprehensive introduction to the protection of electrical power systems using digital protective relays. The new edition offers a thorough revision and update, and comprehensive additional material. Chapters treat the mathematical background of protection algorithms including, sinusoidal-wave-based algorithms, Walsh function and S-Transform-based techniques, least squares and differential equation-based techniques, travelling wave-based protection, protection of transformers, digital line differential protection, a comparison between digital protection algorithms, and importantly, protection of networks with distributed generation including renewable energy resources. The book is written for researchers in electrical engineering and power engineering, in industry, utilities and universities, and for advanced students. The treatment is logically structured, covering mathematics and principles for the development and implementation of the major algorithms underlying different protection techniques. These techniques can be applied to protection of generator transformers, lines, switchgear and cable circuits: the main components of transmission and distribution systems with and without integrated distributed energy sources including renewables.

This book focuses on building air conditioning demand response and power storage batteries as the resources that make up the virtual power plant. The research and its outcomes presented in this book provide an overview of virtual power plant technology. The contents focus on both fundamentals and advanced topics such as role of central power supply control office, battery charge and discharge control system, power system simulation, system design for practical application, etc. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book, providing insight to students, engineers, and researchers in the field of power systems

This textbooks demonstrates the application of software tools in solving a series of problems from the field of designing power system structures and systems. It contains four chapters: The first chapter leads the reader through all the phases necessary in the procedures of computer aided modeling and simulation. It guides through the complex problems presenting on the basis of eleven original examples. The second chapter presents application of software tools in power system calculations of power systems equipment design. Several design example calculations are carried out using engineering standards like MATLAB, EMTP/ATP, Excel & Access, AutoCAD and Simulink. The third chapters focuses on the graphical documentation using a collection of software tools (AutoCAD, EPLAN, SIMARIS SIVACON, SIMARIS DESIGN) which enable the complete automation of the development of graphical documentation of a power systems. In the fourth chapter, the application of software tools in the project management in power systems is discussed. Here, the emphasis is put on the standard software MS Excel and MS Project.

Energy has been an inevitable component of human lives for decades. Recent rapid developments in the area require analyzing energy systems not as independent components but rather as connected interdependent networks. The Handbook of Networks in Power Systems includes the state-of-the-art developments that occurred in the power systems networks, in particular gas, electricity, liquid fuels, freight networks, as well as their interactions. The book is separated into two volumes with three sections, where one scientific paper or more are included to cover most important areas of networks in power systems. The first volume covers topics arising in electricity network, in particular electricity markets, smart grid, network expansion, as well as risk management. The second volume presents problems arising in gas networks; such as scheduling and planning of natural gas systems, pricing, as well as optimal location of gas supply units. In addition, the second volume covers the topics of interactions between energy networks. Each subject is identified following the activity on the domain and the recognition of each subject as an area of research. The scientific papers are authored by world specialists on the domain and present either state-of-the-arts reviews or scientific developments.

Accurate knowledge of electromagnetic power system transients is crucial to the operation of an economic, efficient and environmentally friendly power systems network without compromising on the reliability and quality of electrical power supply. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation has therefore become a universal tool for the analysis of power system electromagnetic transients in the range of nanoseconds to seconds, and is the backbone for the design and planning of power systems, as well as for the investigation of problems. In this fully revised and updated new edition of this classic book, a thorough review of EMT simulation is provided, with many simple examples included to clarify difficult concepts. Topics covered include analysis of continuous and discrete systems; state variable analysis; numerical integrator substitution; the root-matching method; transmission lines and cables; transformers and rotating plant; control and protection; power electronic systems; frequency-dependent network equivalents; steady-state assessment; mixed time-frame simulation; transient simulation in real-time; and applications.

Lightning is important for all scientists and engineers involved with electric installations. It is gaining further relevance since climate warming is causing an increase in lightning strikes, and since the rising numbers of renewable power generators, the electricity grid, and charging infrastructure are susceptible to lightning damage. This is the second edition to this comprehensive work. Both volumes have been thoroughly revised and updated for this second edition. Volume 1 treats lightning return stroke modelling and lightning electromagnetic radiation, and Volume 2 addresses electrical processes and effects. Chapter coverage includes various models and simulations of lightning strokes, measurements of lightning-generated EM fields, HF, VHF and microwave radiation, and lightning location systems; atmospheric discharge processes, lightning strikes to grounded structures and towers, EM field propagation, interaction with cables, effects on power transmission and distribution systems, effects in the ionosphere, mesosphere and magnetosphere, as well as NOx generation and climate effects. The volumes provide the rules and procedures to combine the readers' understanding with a model of every lightning-related electromagnetic process, and their effects and interactions. Readers obtain first-hand experience through simulations of the EM field of thunderclouds and lightning flashes and their effects. These volumes are a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in the areas of electrical engineering and physics involved in the fields of electromagnetic compatibility, lightning protection, renewable energy systems, smart grids, and lightning physics, as well as for professionals from telecommunication companies and manufacturers of power equipment, and advanced students.

How to design a solar power plant, from start to finish In Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants, a team of distinguished engineers delivers a comprehensive reference on PV power plants--and their design--for specialists, experts, and academics. Written in three parts, the book covers the detailed theoretical knowledge required to properly design a PV power plant. It goes on to explore the step-by-step requirements for creating a real-world PV power plant, including parts and components design, mathematical formulations and calculations, analyses, evaluations, and planning. The book concludes with a discussion of a sample solar plant design, as well as tips on how to avoid common design mistakes, and how to handle the operation and maintenance of PV power plants. Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants also includes: Thorough introductions to the basic requirements of design, economic analyses, and investment revenue Comprehensive explorations of the requirements for feasibility study and grid connection study Introducing solar resource, and determining optimum tilt angle and module inter-row spacing Presenting methodology for design of large-scale PV plant, requirements of engineering document, and optimal design algorithm In-depth examinations for selecting PV module, inverter, string, and DC side equipment Practical discussions of system losses, as well as estimation of yearly electrical energy production, capacity factor, and performance ratio of large-scale PV plant Perfect for professionals in the solar power industry, Step-by-Step Design of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants will also earn a place in the libraries of equipment manufacturers and university professors seeking a one-stop resource for the design of PV power plants.

This books focuses on recent break-throughs in the development of a variety of photonic devices, serving distances ranging from mm to many km, together with their electronic counter-parts, e.g. the drivers for lasers, the amplifiers following the detectors and most important, the relevant advanced VLSI circuits. It explains that as a consequence of the increasing dominance of optical interconnects for high performance workstation clusters and supercomputers their complete design has to be revised. This book thus covers for the first time the whole variety of interdependent subjects contributing to green photonics and electronics, serving communication and energy harvesting. Alternative approaches to generate electric power using organic photovoltaic solar cells, inexpensive and again energy efficient in production are summarized. In 2015, the use of the internet consumed 5-6% of the raw electricity production in developed countries. Power consumption increases rapidly and without some transformational change will use, by the middle of the next decade at the latest, the entire electricity production. This apocalyptic outlook led to a redirection of the focus of data center and HPC developers from just increasing bit rates and capacities to energy efficiency. The high speed interconnects are all based on photonic devices. These must and can be energy efficient but they operate in an electronic environment and therefore have to be considered in a wide scope that also requires low energy electronic devices, sophisticated circuit designs and clever architectures. The development of the next generation of high performance exaFLOP computers suffers from the same problem: Their energy consumption based on present device generations is essentially prohibitive.

Power systems are becoming increasingly complex, handling rising shares of distributed intermittent renewable generation, EV charging stations, and storage. To ensure power availability and quality, the grid needs to be monitored as a whole, by wide area monitoring (WAM), not just in small sections separately. Parameter oscillations need to be detected and acted upon. This requires sensors, data assimilation and visualization, comparison with models, modelling, and system architectures for different grid types. This hands-on reference for researchers in power systems, professionals at grid operators and grid equipment manufacturers, as well as for advanced students, offers a comprehensive treatment of advanced data-driven signal processing techniques for the analysis and characterization of system data and transient oscillations in power grids. Algorithms and examples help readers understand the material. Challenges involved in realistic monitoring, visualization, and analysis of actual disturbance events are emphasized. Chapters in this second edition cover WAM and analysis systems, WAM system architectures, modelling of power system dynamic processes, data processing and feature extraction, multi-sensor multitemporal data fusion, WAM of power systems with high penetration of distributed generation, distributed wide-area oscillation monitoring, near real-time analysis and monitoring, and interpretation and visualization of wide-area PMU measurements.

Lightning is important for all scientists and engineers involved with electric installations. It is gaining further relevance since climate warming is causing an increase in lightning strikes, and since the rising numbers of renewable power generators, the electricity grid, and charging infrastructure are susceptible to lightning damage. This is the second edition to this comprehensive work. Both volumes have been thoroughly revised and updated for this second edition. Volume 1 treats lightning return stroke modelling and lightning electromagnetic radiation, and Volume 2 addresses electrical processes and effects. Chapter coverage includes various models and simulations of lightning strokes, measurements of lightning-generated EM fields, HF, VHF and microwave radiation, and lightning location systems; atmospheric discharge processes, lightning strikes to grounded structures and towers, EM field propagation, interaction with cables, effects on power transmission and distribution systems, effects in the ionosphere, mesosphere and magnetosphere, as well as NOx generation and climate effects. The volumes provide the rules and procedures to combine the readers' understanding with a model of every lightning-related electromagnetic process, and their effects and interactions. Readers obtain first-hand experience through simulations of the EM field of thunderclouds and lightning flashes and their effects. These volumes are a valuable resource for researchers and engineers in the areas of electrical engineering and physics involved in the fields of electromagnetic compatibility, lightning protection, renewable energy systems, smart grids, and lightning physics, as well as for professionals from telecommunication companies and manufacturers of power equipment, and advanced students.

Storage and Hybridization of Nuclear Energy: Techno-economic Integration of Renewable and Nuclear Energy provides a unique analysis of the storage and hybridization of nuclear and renewable energy. Editor Bindra and his team of expert contributors present various global methodologies to obtain the techno-economic feasibility of the integration of storage or hybrid cycles in nuclear power plants. Aimed at those studying, researching and working in the nuclear engineering field, this book offers nuclear reactor technology vendors, nuclear utilities workers and regulatory commissioners a very unique resource on how to access reliable, flexible and clean energy from variable-generation.

"Control and Optimization Methods for Electric Smart Grids" brings together leading experts in power, control and communication systems, and consolidates some of the most promising recent research in smart grid modeling, control and optimization in hopes of laying the foundation for future advances in this critical field of study. The contents comprise eighteen essays addressing wide varieties of control-theoretic problems for tomorrow's power grid. Topics covered include control architectures for power system networks with large-scale penetration of renewable energy and plug-in vehicles, optimal demand response, new modeling methods for electricity markets, cyber-security, data analysis and wide-area control using synchronized phasor measurements.

This textbook is intended for engineering students taking courses in power electronics, renewable energy sources, smart grids or static power converters. It is also appropriate for students preparing a capstone project where they need to understand, model, supply, control and specify the grid side power converters. The main goal of the book is developing in students the skills that are required to design, control and use static power converters that serve as an interface between the ac grid and renewable power sources. The same skills can be used to design, control and use the static power converters used within the micro-grids and nano-grids, as the converters that provide the interface between such grids and the external grid. The author's approach starts with basic functionality and the role of grid connected power converters in their typical applications, and their static and dynamic characteristics. Particular effort is dedicated to developing simple, concise, intuitive and easy-to-use mathematical models that summarize the essence of the grid side converter dynamics. Mathematics is reduced to a necessary minimum, solved examples are used extensively to introduce new concepts, and exercises are used to test mastery of new skills.

Advances in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Conversion Systems addresses the technological challenges of fluctuating and unreliable power supply in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems to help students, researchers, and engineers work toward more PV installations in the grid to make society more sustainable and reliable while complying with grid regulations. The authors combine their extensive knowledge and experience in this book to address both the basics of the power electronic converter technology and the advances of such practical electric power conversion systems. This book includes extensive, step-by-step practical application examples to assist students and engineers to better understand the role of power electronics in modern PV applications and solve the practical issues in grid-connected PV systems.

Unregulated distributed energy sources such as solar roofs and windmills and electric vehicle requirements for intermittent battery charging are variable sources either of electricity generation or demand. These sources impose additional intermittent load on conventional electric power systems. As a result thermal power plants whose generation is absolutely essential for any power system are increasingly being used for cycling operations thus increasing greenhouse gas emissions and electricity cost. The use of secondary energy storage might be a solution. Various technologies for storing electric energy are available; besides electrochemical ones such as batteries, there are mechanical, chemical and thermal means, all with their own advantages and disadvantages regarding scale, efficiency, cost, and other parameters. This classic book is a trusted source of information and a comprehensive guide to the various types of secondary storage systems and choice of their types and parameters. It is also an introduction to the multidisciplinary problem of distributed energy storage integration in an electric power system comprising renewable energy sources and electric car battery swap and charging stations. The 3rd edition has been thoroughly revised, expanded and updated. All given data has been updated, and chapters have been added that review different types of renewables and consider the possibilities arising from integrating a combination of different storage technologies into a system. Coverage of distributed energy storage, smart grids, and EV charging has been included and additional examples have been provided. The book is chiefly aimed at students of electrical and power engineering and design and research engineers concerned with the logistics of power supply. It will also be valuable to general public seeking to develop environmentally sound energy resources.

This comprehensive reference text discusses simulation with case studies and realworld applications related to energy system models, the large-scale integration of renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. The text covers analysis and modeling of the large-scale integration of renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. It further discusses economic aspects useful for policy makers and industrial professionals. It covers important topics, including smart grids architectures, wide-area situational awareness (WASA), energy management systems (EMS), demand response (DR), smart grid standardization exertions, virtual power plants, battery degradation modeling, optimization approaches in modeling, and smart metering infrastructure. The book: Discusses the analysis and modeling of the large-scale integration of renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems Covers issues and challenges encountered in the large-scale integration of electric vehicles, energy storage systems and renewable energy systems into future smart grid design Provides simulation with case studies and real-world applications related to energy system models, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems Discusses the integration of large renewable energy systems, with the presence of a large number of electric vehicles and storage devices/systems Discussing concepts of smart grids, together with the deployment of electric vehicles, energy storage systems and renewable energy systems, this text will be useful as a reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, renewable energy, and clean technologies. It further discusses topics, including electric grid infrastructure, architecture, interfacing, standardization, protocols, security, reliability, communication, and optimal control.

The concept of the smart grid promises the world an efficient and intelligent approach of managing energy production, transportation, and consumption by incorporating intelligence, efficiency, and optimality into the power grid. Both energy providers and consumers can take advantage of the convenience, reliability, and energy savings achieved by real-time and intelligent energy management. To this end, the current power grid is experiencing drastic changes and upgrades. For instance, more significant green energy resources such as wind power and solar power are being integrated into the power grid, and higher energy storage capacity is being installed in order to mitigate the intermittency issues brought about by the variable energy resources. At the same time, novel power electronics technologies and operating strategies are being invented and adopted. For instance, Flexible AC transmission systems and phasor measurement units are two promising technologies for improving the power system reliability and power quality. Demand side management will enable the customers to manage the power loads in an active fashion. As a result, modeling and control of modern power grids pose great challenges due to the adoption of new smart grid technologies. In this book, chapters regarding representative applications of smart grid technologies written by world-renowned experts are included, which explain in detail various innovative modeling and control methods.

This book analyzes the continuous operation of a power plant with condensing power units in combined heat and power mode (CHP-mode) over a period of one year. Focusing on the operation of one and two power-unit systems with differing heat exchanger configurations, this book uses mathematical modeling of the steam-water cycle of a 370 MW power unit to calculate the operating characteristics and mass-energy balance of the system. Featuring comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of the quasi-unsteady operation of power units in cogeneration for electrical power generation, as determined by the Polish Power System, this work also includes an economic analysis of the power plant, presenting the costs and economic effectiveness of such a system.

This book presents the fundamental fluid flow and heat transfer principles occurring in oscillating heat pipes and also provides updated developments and recent innovations in research and applications of heat pipes. Starting with fundamental presentation of heat pipes, the focus is on oscillating motions and its heat transfer enhancement in a two-phase heat transfer system. The book covers thermodynamic analysis, interfacial phenomenon, thin film evaporation, theoretical models of oscillating motion and heat transfer of single phase and two-phase flows, primary factors affecting oscillating motions and heat transfer, neutron imaging study of oscillating motions in an oscillating heat pipes, and nanofluid's effect on the heat transfer performance in oscillating heat pipes. The importance of thermally-excited oscillating motion combined with phase change heat transfer to a wide variety of applications is emphasized. This book is an essential resource and learning tool for senior undergraduate, graduate students, practicing engineers, researchers, and scientists working in the area of heat pipes. This book also * Includes detailed descriptions on how an oscillating heat pipe is fabricated, tested, and utilized * Covers fundamentals of oscillating flow and heat transfer in an oscillating heat pipe * Provides general presentation of conventional heat pipes

Inspection and Monitoring Technologies of Transmission Lines with Remote Sensing helps readers build a thorough understanding of new technologies and world-class practices developed by the State Grid Corporation of China-the organization responsible for the world's largest power distribution network. Monitoring the operational status of high-voltage transmission lines is critical in supply assurance and continuity. Given the physical size, geographical, and climate variances that transmission lines are subject to, remote sensing and inspection is a critical technology for power distribution organizations. This reference covers current and developing technologies, equipment, and methods for the safe and secure operation and maintenance of transmission lines, including satellite remote sensing technology, infrared and ultraviolet detection technology, helicopter inspection technology, and condition monitoring technology.

1) Familiarizes with concepts, key components, and system architecture of practical VPPs. 2) Discusses the role of VPPs in future energy communities 3) Explores smart functionalities and advance algorithms for energy management and de-carbonization within the VPP. 4) Introduces novel business models for flexibility services in different time frames, local and global markets. 5) Discusses smart contract concept and peer-to-peer trading models within a VPP. 6) Includes application of emerging technologies in the context of VPP such as blockchain, digital twin, distributed ledger technology, etc.