This monograph provides a field-proven approach to analyze industrial production with a cross-company scope as well as regarding all hierarchical system levels of manufacturing enterprises. The book exemplifies this approach in the context of aluminum die casting, and presents a set of measures which allow a 30 percent energy reduction along the value chain. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

Covering the complete design cycle of nanopositioning systems, this is the first comprehensive text on the topic. The book first introduces concepts associated with nanopositioning stages and outlines their application in such tasks as scanning probe microscopy, nanofabrication, data storage, cell surgery and precision optics. Piezoelectric transducers, employed ubiquitously in nanopositioning applications are then discussed in detail including practical considerations and constraints on transducer response. The reader is then given an overview of the types of nanopositioner before the text turns to the in-depth coverage of mechanical design including flexures, materials, manufacturing techniques, and electronics. This process is illustrated by the example of a high-speed serial-kinematic nanopositioner. Position sensors are then catalogued and described and the text then focuses on control.

Several forms of control are treated: shunt control, feedback control, force feedback control and feedforward control (including an appreciation of iterative learning control). Performance issues are given importance as are problems limiting that performance such as hysteresis and noise which arise in the treatment of control and are then given chapter-length attention in their own right. The reader also learns about cost functions and other issues involved in command shaping, charge drives and electrical considerations. All concepts are demonstrated experimentally including by direct application to atomic force microscope imaging.

Design, Modeling and Control of Nanopositioning Systems will be of interest to researchers in mechatronics generally and in control applied to atomic force microscopy and other nanopositioning applications. Microscope developers and mechanical designers of nanopositioning devices will find the text essential reading.

Tbis book is basicaUy concemed with approaches for improving safety in man-made systems. We caU these approaches, coUectively, fault monitoring, since they are concemed primarily with detecting faults occurring in the components of such systems, being sensors, actuators, controUed plants or entire strucutures. The common feature of these approaches is the intention to detect an abrupt change in some characteristic property of the considered object, by monitoring the behavior of the system. This change may be a slow-evolving effect or a complete breakdoWD. In tbis sense, fault monitoring touches upon, and occasionaUy overIaps with, other areas of control engineering such as adaptive control, robust controller design, reIiabiIity and safety engineering, ergonomics and man-macbine interfacing, etc. In fact, a system safety problem, could be attacked from any of the above angles of view. In tbis book, we don't touch upon these areas, unless there is a strong relationship between the fauIt monitoring approaches discussed and the aforementioned fields. When we set out to write tbis book, our aim was to incIude as much material as possible in a most rigorous, unified and concise format. Tbis would incIude state-of-the-art method as weil as more cIassical techniques, stilI in use today. AB we proceeded in gathering material, however, it soon became apparent that these were contradicting design criteria and a trade-off had to be made. We believe that the completeness vs.

For some systems, such as aircraft, submarines, military systems and aerospace systems, it is extremely important to avoid failure during actual operation because it is dangerous and disastrous. The study of various maintenance policies and models in order to improve system reliability, to prevent the occurrence of system failure, and to reduce maintenance costs is an important area in reliability engineering. Proper maintenance techniques have been emphasized in recent years due to the increased safety and reliability requirements of systems, and the increased complexity and rising costs of material and labor.

Based on the authorsa (TM) research, Reliability and Optimal Maintenance presents the latest theories and methods of reliability and maintenance with an emphasis on multi-component systems, while also considering the current hot topics in reliability and maintenance including: imperfect repair, economic dependence and opportunistic maintenance, and correlated failure and repair. Software reliability and maintenance cost, and warranty cost considerations are also considered.

Postgraduates, researchers, and practitioners in reliability engineering, maintenance engineering, operations research, industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, logistics, management, and statistics will find this book a state-of-the-art survey of reliability and maintenance theory and models.

Solid Freeform Fabrication is a set of manufacturing processes that are capable of producing complex freeform solid objects directly from a computer model of an object without part-specific tooling or knowledge. In essence, these methods are miniature manufacturing plants which come complete with material handling, information processing and materials processing. As such, these methods require technical knowledge from many disciplines; therefore, researchers, engineers, and students in Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, and Manufacturing Engineering and Materials and Computer Science will all find some interest in this subject. Particular subareas of concern include manufacturing methods, polymer chemistry, computational geometry, control, heat transfer, metallurgy, ceramics, optics, and fluid mechanics. History of technology specialists may also find Chapter 1 of interest. Although this book covers the spectrum of different processes, the emphasis is clearly on the area in which the authors have the most experience, thermal laser processing. In particular, the authors have all been developers and inventors of techniques for the Selective Laser Sintering process and laser gas phase techniques (Selective Area Laser Deposition). This is a research book on the subject of Solid Freeform Fabrication.

Process Control Performance Assessment is a practical guide to the application of control benchmarking to real, complex, industrial processes. It presents commercial solutions as well as current and future techniques still under development and contains real full-scale-implementation industrial case studies from the oil and gas, power and chemical industries providing a hierarchical perspective on benchmarks. The effect of benchmarking and control tuning on process performance and revenue optimisation is demonstrated.

The most frequently occurring practical issues associated with implementing benchmarking algorithms in industrial processes are discussed in detailed and concise terms and guidelines given for avoiding common problems. The impact of problems like valve stiction and plant-wide disturbances on process performance is reviewed and methods for diagnosing causative fault conditions suggested.

The benefit of non-intrusive and intrusive benchmarking techniques for optimising control systems using performance assessment and diagnostic tools is the potential to enhance company operational economics through increased throughput and better product quality. The book is appropriate for industrial and academic control and process engineers who wish to learn about methods of benchmarking through directed study or self study.

Traceable calibration of test and measurement equipment is a requirement of the ISO 9000 series of standards. Basic Metrology for ISO 9000 Certification provides essential information for the growing number of firms registered for ISO 9000.

Dr. G.M.S. de Silva who has a lifetime of experience in metrology and quality management fields condenses that knowledge in this valuable and practical workbook. The book provides a basic understanding of the principles of measurement and calibration of measuring instruments falling into the following fields; Length, Angle, Mass, Pressure, Force, Temperature and AC/DC Electrical quantities. Basic concepts and definitions, ISO 9001 requirements and uncertainty determinations are also included.

Includes worked examples in the text and solutions to problems which can be compared to real life situations.

Includes basic metrology principles and data that will be useful to test and calibration personnel in their day to day work.
Contains features of the metrology management structure which an organisation needs to set up in order to satisfy ISO 9000 criteria.

Within a scenario of globalised markets, where the capacity to efficiently cooperate with other firms starts to become essential in order to remain in the market in an economically, socially and environmentally cost-effective manner, it can be seen how the most innovative enterprises are beginning to redesign their business model to become interoperable. This goal of interoperability is essential, not only from the perspective of the individual enterprise but also in the new business structures that are now emerging, such as supply chains, virtual enterprises, interconnected organisations or extended enterprises, as well as in mergers and acquisitions. Composed of over 40 papers, Enterprise Interoperability V ranges from academic research through case studies to industrial and administrative experience of interoperability. The international nature of the authorship contnues to broaden. Many of the papers have examples and illustrations calculated to deepen understanding and generate new ideas. The I-ESA'12 Conference from which this book is drawn was organized by Polytechnic University of Valencia, on behalf INTERVAL, and the European Virtual Laboratory for Enterprise Interoperability (INTEROP-VLab) and sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC). A concise reference to the state of the art in systems interoperability, Enterprise Interoperability V will be of great value to engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in the academic environment.

Safety of VVER-440 Reactors endeavours to promote an increase in the safety of VVER-440 nuclear reactors via the improvement of fission products limitation systems and the implementation of special non-destructive spectroscopic methods for materials testing. All theoretical and experimental studies performed the by author over the last 25 years have been undertaken with the aim of improving VVER-440 defence in depth, which is one of the most important principle for ensuring safety in nuclear power plants. Safety of VVER-440 Reactors is focused on the barrier system through which the safety principle is organised: * nuclear fuel matrix; * fuel cladding; * integrity of primary circuit; and * confinement system. All these barriers are described in detail and are compared to European standards. Industrial engineers will find Safety of VVER-440 Reactors a useful guide to the safe operation of nuclear power plants and it is an informative source of information for researchers in both industry and academia. Employees of related governmental and regulatory organisations may also benefit from reading this book.

This work describes the methods of dynamic system simulation from the ground up. It presents important techniques, the fundamentals of mathematical models, how to produce useful results, how to analyze and visualize data, and how to verify and validate models. There are step-by-step instructions for developing working simulations, and the author discuss determining when simulation is appropriate, managing the cost of simulation and communicating results.

This book addresses a wide range of issues relating to the theoretical substantiation of the necessity of Industry 4.0, the development of the methodological tools for its analysis and evaluation, and practical solutions for effectively managing this process. It particularly focuses on solving the problem of optimizing the development of Industry 4.0 in the context of knowledge economy formation. The book presents the authors' approach to studying the process of Industry 4.0 formation in connection with knowledge economy, and approach that allows the process to be studied in connection with the existing socio-economic and technological conditions. As a result, the conclusions and recommendations could be applied to modern economic systems and do not require any further elaboration. The presented research is based on modern economic theory scientific and methodological tools, including the tools of the theory of economic cycles, the theory of games, and the institutional economic theory. Raising awareness of the problem of Industry 4.0 formation, the book is of interest to a wide audience, including not only specialists and experts with a detailed knowledge of the topic, but also scholars, lecturers, and undergraduates of various fields of economics.

The scientific theme of the book is "Virtualisation - a multifaceted key enabler of Industry 4.0 from holonic to cloud manufacturing" which is addressed in the framework of cyber-physical system development. The book approaches cyber-physical systems for manufacturing with emergent digital technologies: Internet of Things, digital twins (based on the virtualization of production models embedded in the design, virtual commissioning, optimization and resilience of processes and fault tolerance of resources), big data, cloud control and computing, machine learning and cobots, that are applied in the book's chapters to industry and service sectors such as manufacturing, energy, logistics, construction and health care. The novelty of this approach consists in interpreting and applying the characteristics of RAMI4.0-the reference architecture model of the Industry 4.0 framework-as combinations of virtualized cyber-physical system elements and IT components in life cycle value stream models. The general scope of the book is to foster innovation in smart and sustainable manufacturing and logistics systems and in this context to promote concepts, methods and solutions for the digital transformation of manufacturing through service orientation in holonic and agent-based control with distributed intelligence. The book's readership is comprised by researchers and engineers working in the manufacturing value chain area who develop and use digital control solutions in the "Industry of the Future" vision. The book also addresses to master's and Ph.D. students enrolled in Engineering Sciences programs.

The book introduces basic risk concepts and then goes on to discuss risk management and analysis processes and steps. The main emphasis is on methods that fulfill the requirements of one or several risk management steps. The focus is on risk analysis methods including statistical-empirical analyses, probabilistic and parametrized models, engineering approaches and simulative methods, e.g. for fragment and blast propagation or hazard density computation. Risk management is essential for improving all resilience management steps: preparation, prevention, protection, response and recovery. The methods investigate types of event and scenario, as well as frequency, exposure, avoidance, hazard propagation, damage and risks of events. Further methods are presented for context assessment, risk visualization, communication, comparison and assessment as well as selecting mitigation measures. The processes and methods are demonstrated using detailed results and overviews of security research projects, in particular in the applications domains transport, aviation, airport security, explosive threats and urban security and safety. Topics include: sufficient control of emerging and novel hazards and risks, occupational safety, identification of minimum (functional) safety requirements, engineering methods for countering malevolent or terrorist events, security research challenges, interdisciplinary approaches to risk control and management, risk-based change and improvement management, and support of rational decision-making. The book addresses advanced bachelor students, master and doctoral students as well as scientists, researchers and developers in academia, industry, small and medium enterprises working in the emerging field of security and safety engineering.

This is the first book which exploits concepts and tools of global nonlinear dynamics for bridging the gap between theoretical and practical stability of systems/structures, and for possibly enhancing the engineering design in macro-, micro- and nano-mechanics. Addressed topics include complementing theoretical and practical stability to achieve load carrying capacity; dynamical integrity for analyzing global dynamics, for interpreting/predicting experimental behavior, for getting hints towards engineering design; techniques for control of chaos; response of uncontrolled and controlled system/models in applied mechanics and structural dynamics by also considerung the effect of system imperfections; from relatively simple systems to multidimensional models representative of real world applications; potential and expected impact of global dynamics for engineering design.

Failure of components or systems must be prevented by both designers and operators of systems, but knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is often lacking. Since the relation between the expected usage of a system and its failure behavior is unknown, unexpected failures often occur, with possibly serious financial and safety consequences. Principles of Loads and Failure Mechanisms. Applications in Maintenance, Reliability and Design provides a complete overview of all relevant failure mechanisms, ranging from mechanical failures like fatigue and creep to corrosion and electric failures. Both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the mechanisms and their governing loads enable a solid assessment of a system's reliability in a given or assumed operational context. Moreover, a unique range of applications of this knowledge in the fields of maintenance, reliability and design are presented. The benefits of understanding the physics of failure are demonstrated for subjects like condition monitoring, predictive maintenance, prognostics and health management, failure analysis and reliability engineering. Finally, the role of these mechanisms in design processes and design for maintenance are illustrated.

Presents a methodology developed by DaimlerChrysler.

Illustrates the methodology through detailed case studies.

With the increasing complexity and dynamism in today's product design and manufacturing, more optimal, robust and practical approaches and systems are needed to support product design and manufacturing activities. Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing presents a focused collection of quality chapters on state-of-the-art research efforts in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation, as well as their practical applications to integrated product design and manufacturing. Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing consists of two major sections. The first presents a broad-based review of the key areas of research in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation. The second gives in-depth treatments of selected methodologies and systems in intelligent design and integrated manufacturing. Recent developments and innovations in multi-objective evolutionary optimisation make Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing a useful text for a broad readership, from academic researchers to practicing engineers.

This book focusses on Industry 4.0 which is one of the most challenging trends for all categories of manufacturing enterprises. In this book, variety of mechatronic solutions are discussed to develop a manufacturing control system for small and medium-sized enterprises as they impose to improve their capabilities by integration into Industry 4.0 standards.

This book gathers the proceedings of the I-ESA'20 Conference, which was organised by the National Engineering School of Tarbes (ENIT), on behalf of the European Virtual Laboratory, for Enterprise Interoperability (INTEROP-VLab) and the Pole Grand Sud-Ouest (PGSO) and was held virtually in Tarbes, France, in November 2020. It presents contributions ranging from academic research and case studies to industrial and administrative experiences with interoperability. These contributions show how, in a globalised market scenario-where the ability to cooperate with other organisations efficiently is essential in order to remain economically, socially and environmentally cost-effective-the most innovative digitised and networked enterprises ensure that their systems and applications can interoperate across heterogeneous collaborative networks of independent organisations. The focus of this edition of the conference is on interoperability in the era of artificial intelligence and so particular attention is paid to Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things. The content also addresses smart services and the business impact of enterprise interoperability on organisations. Many of the papers in this tenth volume of the I-ESA Conference proceedings include examples and illustrations to help deepen readers' understanding and generate new ideas. Offering a detailed guide to the state of the art in systems interoperability, the book will be of great value to all engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries, and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in academic settings.

Written in a lecture format with solved problems at the end of each chapter, this book surveys quantitative modeling and decision analysis techniques. It serves to familiarize the reader with quantitative techniques utilized in planning and optimizing complex systems, as well as students experiencing the subject for the first time. It can be used by students of business and public administration without a background in calculus as well as engineers with significant scientific training. It allows the reader to comprehend the material through examples and problems and also demonstrates the value and shortcomings of many methods.
Quantitative Analysis: An introduction developed out of the author's experience teaching the material to students at the University of California Los Angeles, California State University, Northridge, and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

This book introduces a new notion of replacement in maintenance and reliability theory. Replacement Overtime, where replacement is done at the first completion of a working cycle over a planned time, is a new research topic in maintenance theory and also serves to provide a fresh optimization technique in reliability engineering. In comparing replacement overtime with standard and random replacement techniques theoretically and numerically, 'Maintenance Overtime Policies in Reliability Theory' highlights the key improvements to be gained by adopting this new approach and shows how they can be applied to inspection policies, parallel systems and cumulative damage models. Utilizing the latest research in replacement overtime by internationally recognized experts, the reader will be introduced to new topics and methods, and learn how to apply this knowledge practically to actual reliability models. This book will serve as an essential guide to a new subject of study for graduate students and researchers and also provides a useful guide for reliability engineers and managers who have difficulties in maintenance of computer and production systems with random working cycles.

Micro Metal Forming, i. e. forming of parts and features with dimensions below 1 mm, is a young area of research in the wide field of metal forming technologies, expanding the limits for applying metal forming towards micro technology. The essential challenges arise from the reduced geometrical size and the increased lot size. In order to enable potential users to apply micro metal forming in production, information about the following topics are given: tribological behavior: friction between tool and work piece as well as tool wearmechanical behavior: strength and formability of the work piece material, durability of the work pieces size effects: basic description of effects occurring due to the fact, that the quantitative relation between different features changes with decreasing size process windows and limits for forming processestool making methodsnumerical modeling of processes and process chainsquality assurance and metrology

All topics are discussed with respect to the questions relevant to micro metal forming. The description comprises information from actual research and the young history of this technology branch to be used by students, scientists and engineers in industry who already have a background in metal forming and like to expand their knowledge towards miniaturization. tribological behavior: friction between tool and work piece as well as tool wearmechanical behavior: strength and formability of the work piece material, durability of the work pieces size effects: basic description of effects occurring due to the fact, that the quantitative relation between different features changes with decreasing size process windows and limits for forming processestool making methodsnumerical modeling of processes and process chainsquality assurance and metrology

All topics are discussed with respect to the questions relevant to micro metal forming. The description comprises information from actual research and the young history of this technology branch to be used by students, scientists and engineers in industry who already have a background in metal forming and like to expand their knowledge towards miniaturization.

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Networked Manufacturing Enterprises Management addresses prominent concepts and applications of AI technologies in the management of networked manufacturing enterprises.

The aim of this book is to align latest practices, innovation and case studies with academic frameworks and theories, where AI techniques are used efficiently for networked manufacturing enterprises. More specifically, it includes the latest research results and projects at different levels addressing quick-response system, theoretical performance analysis, performance and capability demonstration. The role of emerging AI technologies in the modelling, evaluation and optimisation of networked enterprises' activities at different decision levels is also covered.

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Networked Manufacturing Enterprises Management is a valuable guide for postgraduates and researchers in industrial engineering, computer science, automation and operations research.

This title examines the concepts of systems reliability and the techniques available for determining both 'technical' and 'human' hazard and risk. Emphasis is placed on technical systems and human factors and the increasing importance of psychological factors in the overall assessment of safety. This edition includes material that reflects the fact that the tool of Risk Assessment has been taken up by many industrial and commercial sectors since the first edition.

This book demonstrates that emotion is a highly influential component in creating a new society and new engineering, revealing the importance of emotion in various aspects of the Connected World. It addresses a wide variety of topics, but with this one underlying aim throughout. Further, it stands out for the approach it takes to the Internet of Things and the Connected Society. The contributing authors illustrate that humans are essentially either playmakers or playing managers, with teamwork and play being crucial aspects of our lives. They argue that strategy is becoming increasingly important, and consider the most adaptable strategy, one that will allow us to respond to today's quickly and radically changing situations. The book is particularly focused on the Connected Society as the point of departure, and explores what motivates humans, what decisions they should make, and what actions they should take. With engineering quickly moving from product development to experience development, and the role of emotion in engineering becoming increasingly apparent, this book offers a timely and valuable resource for engineers and researchers alike.