DNA sequence specificity is a sub-specialty in the general area of molecular recognition. This area includes macromolecular-molecular interactions (e.g., protein-DNA), oligomer-DNA interacitons (e.g., triple strands), and ligand-DNA interactions (e.g., drug-DNA). It is this latter group of DNA sequence specificity interactions that is the subject of Volumes 1 and 2 of "Advances in DNA Sequence Specific Agents." As was the case for Volume 1, Part A also covers methodology, but in Volume 2 we include calorimetric titrations, molecular modeling, X-ray crystallographic and NMR structural studies, and transcriptional assays. Part B also follows the same format as Volume 1 and describes the sequence specificities and covalent and noncovalent interactions of small ligands with DNA.
This volume is aimed in general at scientists who have an interest in deciphering the molecular mechanisms for sequence recognition of DNA. The methods have general applicability to small molecules as well as oligomers and proteins, while the examples provide general principles involved in sequence recognition.

This book brings together current thought on several aspects of the use of pesticides in and around homes, schools and workplaces. The book addresses several parts of the process, from the discovery and development of new active ingredients, their formulation, use, longevity, environmental fate and human exposure.

Composite materials have been used more and more during the last decade to lighten structures. But until now, there has been no clear way of establishing how to design properly optimised laminated composite plates with no reduction in strength. Most modern references lack adequate information for the designer wanting to tailor or synthesise a design. This exciting package offers a solution. It relates the theory of composite materials to real life and provides 'rules' for designing composites structures properly and in an optimum way.
In the book, Professor Miravete demonstrates the optimisation of beams, plates and sandwich constructions in the designs of advanced composite materials. He also illustrates optimal material systems, fibre orientations and lay-up through functions of geometry, load type and boundary conditions. The associates software, on two disks, will enable
users to adapt the information to their own requirements and is very user-friendly with helpful manuals. This will be an essential package for designers and engineers in a wide range of areas, from aeronautics to automotive and
marine as well as general industry.
Chapter 1 provides a general background on composite materials.
Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5 are concerned with constant thickness composite structures, and provide a survey of various design methodologies of shells, plates and sandwich constructions.
Chapters 6, 7, 8 and 9 examine variable thickness composite structures, and consider beams, plates and sandwiches.
A completemanual for anyone concerned with designing composite structuresIncludes book and used-friendly softwareCan be easily applied to any area - aeronautics, automotive, marine or general industry

This book covers the production, management and changing patterns of global wood and fiber resources, with emphasis on the inter-disciplinary character of wood and related plant materials in terms of their resource value.

Bridging the gap between theoretical texts and the massive and expensive software packages, this handbook covers finite element programming in a wide range of problems in mechanical, civil, aeronautical and electrical engineering. Comprehensive, it ranges from the static analysis of two- and three-dimensional structures to stress analysis of thick slabs on elastic foundations, and from two- and three- dimensional vibration analysis problems to two-dimensional field problems including heat transfer and acoustic vibrations.
The 24 printouts of powerful and valuable engineering computer programs, written in QUICK BASIC, are introduced by a preliminary chapter giving useful hints and formulae intended for structural design. The programs are capable of analysing problems in engineering design and manufacture, with text fully describing how to use the computer programs for their particular problems or tasks. The finite element method is used in all the programs, and the problems for analysis can be of quite complex design and shape and with complex boundary conditions.
Covers finite element programming in a wide range of problems in mechanical, civil, aeronautical and electrical engineeringRanges from the static analysis of two- and three-dimensional structures to stress analysis of thick slabs on elastic foundations

Physics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of twenty volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thinfilms materials and systems.
In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.
Key Features
* Discusses the latest research about structure, physics, and infrared photoemissive behavior of heavily doped silicon homojunctions and Ge and GaAs-based alloy junctions
* Reviews the current status of SiGe/Si quantum wells for infrared detection
* Discusses key developments in the growing research on quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs)
* Reviews Chois development of a family of novel three-terminal, multi-quantum well devices designed to improve high-temperature IR detectivity at long wavelengths
* Describes recent studies aimed at using multi-quantum well structures to achieve higher performance in solar cell devices based on materials systems

This series provides engineers with vapor pressure data for process design, production, and environmental applications.

Written by international experts in this field, the book describes the principles of, and presents case studies for, the wide range of tomographic imaging techniques that can be used in the process industries. It includes sufficient introductory material
to this multi-disciplinary subject in order that readers from a variety of backgrounds will be able to fully understand the fundamental principles and features of the sensors and image reconstruction techniques needed for process tomography.

This volume on implementation techniques in digital signal processing systems clearly reveals the significance and power of the techniques that are available, and with further development, the essential role they will play as applied to a wide variety of areas. The authors are all to highly commended for their splendid contributors to this volume, which will provide a significant and unique international reference source for students, research workers, practicing engineers, and others for years to come.

'Seawater' has been substantially updated in this second edition to take account of recent developments in marine science. Sections dealing with difficult physical and chemical concepts have been developed on the basis of feedback from the first edition, making this an ideal learning tool for oceanography students.

Chapter 1 summarizes the special properties of water and the role of the oceans in the hydraulic cycle. The distribution of temperature and salinity in the oceans and how they influence water density and movements is then discussed. Light and sound in seawater are considered next, along with some uses of acoustics. These are followed by an examination of the composition and behaviour of dissolved constituents, including such topics as residence times, the control of pH, and redox relationships.
Finally, the history of seawater and its role in global cycles is reviewed, with special reference to climatic change and the CO2 problem.

This reference provides engineers with values for thermal conductivity as a function of temperature for the major organic compounds.

This book collects papers from meetings of the American Chemical Society held over the past four years, reporting on trends in research for safe, efficient, biologically active agrochemicals. After an overview chapter, a section describes efforts in the discovery of new herbicides. A second section

The past decade has witnessed dramatic growth in the diversity and complexity of device applications where vacuum is required to support either high voltages or high electric fields. This is particularly true in thespace industry, specifically for the development of space-based pulse power systems.
This book presents an overview of the technological advances that have occurred since the publication of the Editors earlier book "High Voltage Vacuum Insulation: The Physical Basis." In this latest book, contributions from internationally recognized professionals and researchers in the field provide expanded treatment of the practical aspects of the subject. High Voltage Vacuum Insulation: Basic Concepts and Technological Practice provides a modern working manual for this specialized technology that is generic to a wide range of applications. The format makes the text suitable for use as a basis for special topic lecture courses at either the undergraduate or graduate level.
Key Features
* Provides the fundamental physical concepts of the subject
* Focuses on practical applications
* Gives a historical survey of the field
* Includes a detailed account of system design criteria
* Reviews theoretical models developed to explain the pinhole phenomena
* Presents results of a series of experimental investigations on the subject

The research and development of advanced materials for high-temperature applications requires special test methods, procedures and equipment. This recent book presents in-depth information on the subject prepared by leading high-temperature materials testing specialists from Europe, Japan and the U.S. The 18 illustrated reports cover key topics in the areas of equipment, theory, test design, test specimens, procedures, applications and test results interpretation and utility. A wealth of test data is included for various materials. The primary focus is on ceramic matrix composite materials. Other materials applications include intermetallics, refractories, and monolithic materials. The text includes numerous diagrams, flow charts and photographs which illustrate equipment, procedures and test specimens. The many tables and graphs provide test results and properties data for a variety of high temperature materials.

Gene probes, whether RNA or DNA, have played a central role in the rapid development of molecular biology. The wide variety of applications is matched by a considerable diversity in the methods used for generating probes, a complete account of which would be very difficult to make. Instead, this second volume in the series combines a selection of newer gene probe procedures with a review of the most important established methods, together with some examples of the ways in which gene probes can be applied. In doing so, the book aims to act not only as an introductory manual for newcomers to the field, but also as a means of broadening the horizons of existing researchers.

This series provides engineers with liquid and gas viscosities for the major organic compounds as a function of temperature. The graphs are arranged by chemical formula to provide ease of use; many of them cover the full range from melting point to boiling point to critical point. Common units are used, but each graph displays a conversion factor to provide English units.

During the last decade the engineering applications for nickel and chromium coatings have gained in importance. In this third edition the chapter dealing with engineering applications has been updated and expanded to include more information on electroforming and composite coatings, and engineering applications have been emphasized in the additions to the chapter on autocatalytic deposition of nickel. Additions have been made to the sections on pulse plating and use or rotating cathodes, and the section on trivalent chromium has been extended.

Enables the reader both to understand and to use, in a practical manner, laser welding. The author explains the principles of laser welding and provides examples of industrial applications, examines many aspects of laser welding and devotes a complete chapter to safety.

Within the last decade there has been an increasing awareness that use of standards deeply notched fracture mechanics test specimens can result in substantial over-or-under-assessments of the real fracture toughness associated with shallow surface cracks.

Comprehensive advice on applications, techniques and the best available equipment is given in clear, straightforward language.

It is possible to weld materials as diverse as stainless steels, zirconium, titanium and uranium, but it is crucial to understand the chemical reactions likely in the surrounding welding atmosphere. This book describes all the metallurgical phenomena involved in different welding processes, from the most standard to the most modern, such as electron beam welding or high energy laser welding.

In the past, the stability of milk and milk products was the primary consideration, but this is no longer the principal objective due to the evolution of modern sanitary practices as well as pasteurization. Today, the manufacture of dairy products of consistently good flavor and texture is crucial. In previous flavor studies, researchers identified hundreds of volatile compounds, with little or no attention paid to their sensory contribution to overall flavor of dairy products. The availability of powerful chromatographic separation techniques like high resolution gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry and olfactory detection ports have revolutionized the work on characterization of dairy flavor. This along with recent developments in sensory methods and our increased knowledge about the genomics of diary culture organisms have allowed great advancements in our understanding of dairy flavor chemistry. Flavor of Dairy Products covers the evolution of dairy flavor research and presents updated information in the areas of instrumental analysis, biochemistry, processing and shelf-life issues related to the flavor of dairy products.

We are becoming increasingly aware of the overwhelming pollution of our limited water resources on this planet. And while many contaminants originate from Mother Earth, most water pollution comes as a direct result of anthropogenic activities. This problem has become so immense that it threatens the future of all humanity. If effective measures to reduce and/or remediate water pollution and its sources are not found, it is estimated by UN that 2.7 billion people will face water shortage by 2025 as opposed to 1.2 billion people who do not have access to clean drinking water now. Therefore, development of novel green technologies to address this major problem represents a priority of the highest importance. This book discusses green chemistry and other novel solutions to the water pollution problems which includes some interesting applications of nanoparticles. Novel Solutions to Water Pollution is a useful and informative text for those engaged in issues of water quality and water pollution remediation at operational, administrative, academic, or regulatory levels.

The key to avoidance of fatigue, which is the main cause of service failures, is good design. In the case of welded joints, which are particularly susceptible to fatigue, design rules are available. However, their effective use requires a good understanding of fatigue and an appreciation of problems concerned with their practical application. Fatigue strength of welded structures has incorporates up-to-date design rules with high academic standards whilst still achieving a practical approach to the subject. The book presents design recommendations which are based largely on those contained in recent British standards and explains how they are applied in practice. Attention is also focused on the relevant aspects of fatigue in welded joints which are not yet incorporated in codes thus providing a comprehensive aid for engineers concerned with the design or assessment of welded components or structures. Background information is given on the fatigue lives of welded joints which will enable the engineer or student to appreciate why there is such a contrast between welded and unwelded parts, why some welded joints perform better than others and how joints can be selected to optimise fatigue performance.

Versatility, speed and low cost make wet-stick welding an attractive method for use in underwater repair and construction. This training manual and reference book contains step-by-step procedures for performing basic manual metal arc welding operations together with information on welding equipment, consumables and safety. Exercises are included.