This book contributes to the retrieval of the alienated through the author's own acts of interpretation of ideas introduced by Melanie Klein, Donald Winnicott, Ronald Fairbairn, and Wilfred Bion. It is offered as an act of interpretation.

New developments in the basic and clinical neurosciences have lead to important advances in our understanding of the events that occur between conception and birth that can influence schizophrenia. At the other end of the life span, some of the most exciting developments in years have recently been coming out of comprehensive studies of post-mortem studies of patients with schizophrenia. In the clinical domain, studies of first episode patients with schizophrenia are proliferating, at the same time as many research groups are performing comprehensive studies of patients with schizophrenia who are in the eighth decade of life or even older. Thus, many of the exciting new developments in research on schizophrenia are at the ends of the life span, suggesting that a wide-ranging treatment of schizophrenia in this framework will be very well accepted. This volume is unique in adopting a lifespan approach to understanding schizophrenia. There are many aspects of schizophrenia that require research attention from a lifespan perspective. For example, there may be aspects of the behavior or biological functioning that are present before the illness that change an individual's risk for developing the illness. There may be environmental events that can cause schizophrenia in the absence of other predisposing factors. There may be genetic influences on the development of schizophrenia that are modified by environmental events, either psychological or physiological. Factors such as an individual's gender or intelligence may also influence schizophrenia, either in terms of changing the risk for development or changing aspects of the illness' presentation, such as onset age or overall functional outcome. With contributions from leading scientists in this field, and results from the frontiers of schizophrenia research, this volume is a major new addition to the psychiatry literature.

New developments in the basic and clinical neurosciences have lead to important advances in our understanding of the events that occur between conception and birth that can influence schizophrenia. At the other end of the life span, some of the most exciting developments in years have recently been coming out of comprehensive studies of post-mortem studies of patients with schizophrenia. In the clinical domain, studies of first episode patients with schizophrenia are proliferating, at the same time as many research groups are performing comprehensive studies of patients with schizophrenia who are in the eighth decade of life or even older. Thus, many of the exciting new developments in research on schizophrenia are at the ends of the life span, suggesting that a wide-ranging treatment of schizophrenia in this framework will be very well accepted. This volume is unique in adopting a lifespan approach to understanding schizophrenia. There are many aspects of schizophrenia that require research attention from a lifespan perspective. For example, there may be aspects of the behavior or biological functioning that are present before the illness that change an individual's risk for developing the illness. There may be environmental events that can cause schizophrenia in the absence of other predisposing factors. There may be genetic influences on the development of schizophrenia that are modified by environmental events, either psychological or physiological. Factors such as an individual's gender or intelligence may also influence schizophrenia, either in terms of changing the risk for development or changing aspects of the illness' presentation, such as onset age or overall functional outcome. With contributions from leading scientists in this field, and results from the frontiers of schizophrenia research, this volume is a major new addition to the psychiatry literature.

This book examines the modern pandemic of online child sexual exploitation (OCSE). It explores the prevalence, perpetration, impact, and victimization of as well as therapy for child sexual exploitation and its interaction with child sexual abuse. Chapters discuss OCSE from neuropsychological, epidemiological, neurological, behavioral, psychological, clinical, neurobiological and epigenetic perspectives. The volume also addresses the physical and mental impact of early exposure to pornography. The book serves as a resource on an issue that is proving exponentially complex as technology ceaselessly evolves at a faster rate than its consequences can be understood and addressed. Key areas of coverage include: Neuropsychological changes and dysfunctional coping mechanisms resulting from both online and offline child sexual abuse. The psychological, emotional, and physical impacts (e.g., depression, anxiety, PTSD, and self-harm) of child sexual abuse. Prevention and early intervention strategies, including scalable technological responses. Developing a public health approach to preventing and addressing online child abuse and exploitation. Porn culture and its impact on children, adolescents, and emerging adults. The neurobiology and epigenetic impact of trauma. This book is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in child and school psychology, public health, social work as well as interrelated disciplines, including neuropsychology, neurobiology, sociology, anthropology, and educational policy and politics.

Personality and Psychopathology compiles the conclusions of more than 30 internationally recognized experts who each carefully examine the link between personality traits and psychopathology. Recent findings have clarified the importance of personality in the development and expression of psychopathology.

In light of such discoveries, this reference examines the relationship of personality traits with psychopathology from several interlocking perspectives -- descriptive, developmental, etiological, and therapeutic. It successfully tackles - A description of the frequency and patterns of overlap between personality and psychopathology- The structure and stability of normal personality traits across the life span and their relation to psychopathology- An analysis of personality disorders from three different approaches- The causes of individual differences in personality and psychopathology from genetic, psychosocial, and neurobiological perspectives- The role of personality in the treatment of psychopathology

Complete with illustrative charts, this all-inclusive resource provides invaluable information on the link between personality and psychopathology.

This volume provides practicing clinicians and researchers with an update on treatments found to be effective in pediatric psychology as well as those that are emerging in the field and have promise of being proven effective as additional research is conducted. Several chapters contain descriptions of different treatment protocols as well as specific scripts for certain procedures. These materials will be useful to clinicians in their day-to-day practice and clinical researchers in implementing and/or developing research protocols. Leading pediatric psychology intervention researchers generously provide details of their treatments for a number of pediatric problems. This book provides a means by which treatment manuals and related data on the outcomes of interventions can be disseminated to practicing pediatric psychologists and to investigators. Readers can gain access to treatment protocols developed by leading pediatric psychology researchers at a website specifically developed for this book. Readers may use these manuals in clinical work or contact the manual developers if interested in using/adapting the manuals for research protocols. This website will be updated with additional treatment manuals for problems encountered in the practice of pediatric psychology.

This volume provides practicing clinicians and researchers with an update on treatments found to be effective in pediatric psychology, as well as those that are emerging in the field and have promise of being proven effective as additional research is conducted. Several chapters contain descriptions of different treatment protocols as well as specific scripts for certain procedures. These materials will be useful to clinicians in their day-to-day practice and clinical researchers in implementing and/or developing research protocols. Leading pediatric psychology intervention researchers generously provide details of their treatments for a number of pediatric problems. This book provides a means by which treatment manuals and related data on the outcomes of interventions can be disseminated to practicing pediatric psychologists and to investigators. Readers can gain access to treatment protocols developed by leading pediatric psychology researchers at a website specifically developed for this book. Readers may use these manuals in clinical work or contact the manual developers if interested in using/adapting the manuals for research protocols. This website will be updated with additional treatment manuals for problems encountered in the practice of pediatric psychology.

This far-reaching volume analyzes the social, cultural, political, and economic factors contributing to mental health issues and shaping treatment options in the Asian and Pacific world. Multiple lenses examine complex experiences and needs in this vast region, identifying not only cultural issues at the individual and collective levels, but also the impacts of colonial history, effects of war and disasters, and the current climate of globalization on mental illness and its care. These concerns are located in the larger context of physical health and its determinants, worldwide goals such as reducing global poverty, and the evolving mental health response to meet rising challenges affecting the diverse populations of the region. Chapters focus on countries in East, Southeast, and South Asia plus Oceania and Australia, describing: * National history of psychiatry and its acceptance. * Present-day mental health practice and services. * Mental/physical health impact of recent social change. * Disparities in accessibility, service delivery, and quality of care. * Collaborations with indigenous and community approaches to healing. * Current mental health resources, the state of policy, and areas for intervention. A welcome addition to the global health literature, Mental Health in Asia and the Pacific brings historical depth and present-day insight to practitioners providing services in this diverse area of the world as well as researchers and policymakers studying the region.

The United Nations Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA) offers a bold new agenda for handling the issue of ageing in the 21st-century. It focuses on three priority areas: older persons and development; advancing health and well-being into old age; and ensuring enabling and supportive environments. This book brings together global perspectives on the MIPAA and focusses on and assesses the success and failures of governments to implement its recommendations. Despite its pivotal importance in international ageing policy, the MIPAA has been relatively neglected by academics in their writings and studies. This book mitigates this analytical and empirical cavity. Each chapter focuses on one specific geographical region and addresses five key themes: National ageing situation; Twenty years of MIPAA; Ensuring ageing with dignity; Healthy and active ageing in a sustainable world; and Priorities for the future. It presents an overall summary of the findings, future challenges and opportunities related to ageing, recommendations for future actions to be taken, and policy adjustments needed. The authors also present lessons that were learnt from managing the impact of COVID-19 on older people, together with an outlook on the most immediate priorities for the future so that the recommendations in the MIPAA are achieved in post-COVID-19 and sustainable ethical scenarios. An important contribution towards the advancement of ageing policy, the book will be indispensable to students and researchers of gerontology, ageing, and health. It will also be of interest to policy makers, geriatricians, dementia care specialists, social policy makers responsible for ensuring active and healthy ageing, and all public sector departments which have specific responsibilities towards improving the quality of life of older adults.

Defines the term "cognitive evidence" and describes the process for retrieving reliable evidence in a way that maintains integrity throughout the interviewing process Outlines guidance on developing a mindful—rather than prescriptive or rote—approaches to conducting eyewitness interviews Provides guidance for analyzing interviews and improving the interview process Presents specific procedures to interview an eyewitness for a criminal event for both victims and witnesses

This volume connects current ideas and concepts about sleep functions and circadian rhythms with the search for novel target-selective sleep-wake therapeutics. To do so, it provides a timely, state-of-the-art overview of sleep-wake mechanisms in health and disease, ongoing developments in drug discovery, and their prospects for the clinical treatment of sleep-disordered patients. It particularly focuses on the concept that sleep and wakefulness mutually affect each other, and the future therapeutic interventions with either sleep- or wake-promoting agents that are expected to not only improve the quality of sleep but also the waking behavior, cognition, mood and other sleep-associated physiological functions. The chapter 'Sleep Physiology, Circadian Rhythms, Waking Performance and the Development of Sleep-Wake Therapeutics' available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com

In this text mental illness is examined from the perspectives of pathology and pharmacology. Using case studies, it focuses on the major mental disorders, addressing their pathologies and pharmacological treatments. Topics include: depression; anxiety and sleep disorders; obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and phobic disorders; psychosis and schizophrenia; dementia; substance abuse; and physical conditions which can mimic mental illness.

This book critiques the use of psychiatric labelling and psychiatric narratives in everyday areas of institutional and social life across the globe. It engages an interpretive sociology, emphasising the medial and individual everyday practices of medicalisation, and their role in establishing and diffusing conceptions of mental (ab)normality. The reconstruction of psychiatric narratives is currently taking place in multiple contexts, many of which are no longer strictly psychiatric. On the one hand, psychiatric narratives now pervade contemporary public discourses and institutions though advertising, news and internet sites. On the other hand, professionals like social workers, teachers, counsellors, disability advisors, lawyers, nurses and/or health insurance staff dealing with psychiatric narratives are becoming servants of the psychiatric discourse within "troubled person's industries". Abstract academic categories get turned into concrete aggrieved victims of these categorisations and academic formulas turned into individual narratives. To receive support it seems, one must be labelled. The practice-oriented micro-sociological field with which this volume is concerned has only recently begun to integrate itself into public and academic debates regarding medicalisation and the social role of psychiatry. Discussions on the evolution and expansion of official diagnoses within academia, and society in general, frequently overlook the individualised roles of psychiatric diagnoses and the experiences of those involved and affected by these processes, an oversight which this volume seeks to both highlight and address.

Profiles of Drug Substances, Excipients, and Related Methodology, Volume 44, presents comprehensive reviews of drug substances and additional materials, with critical review chapters that summarize information related to the characterization of drug substances and excipients. The series encompasses review articles, with this release focusing on Cefpodoxime proxetil, Levetiracetam, Paclitaxel, Sorafenib, Sucrose octaacetate, Thiouracil, Topiramate, Spectrophotometric analysis, and Cocrystal Systems of Pharmaceutical Interest: 2012-2014.

This is the first book to offer a comprehensive overview of higher-order motor disorders. It introduces new concepts emerging from basic neurosciences and shows how they have impacted on the field of cognitive motor control and led to new vistas for the understanding of Higher-order Motor Disorders far beyond the traditional field of topological diagnosis. It describes in detail a wide range of clinical disorders including those of bimanual co-ordination, apraxia and sensorimotor transformation deficits, motor neglect, anarchic hand syndrome, imitation and utilisation behaviours, action motivational and action monitoring disorders, as well as new approaches to motor cortex plasticity and reorganisation and rehalibitation of complex movement problems. The book reviews the topic, starting with a description of the neuroanatomical, neurobiological and cognitive basis of normal motor behaviours, before moving on to cover the clinical features of the disordered states. The final chapters cover the issues of plastcity and recovery, pharmacological treatments and rehabilitation.
This volume will stimulate research and foster new insights into cognitive and motivational motor disorders. With expert contributions from the major international centres in Europe and the Americas his book gives a truly new framework for a complex and confusing field.

The problems of children and adolescents are of major concern to planners and providers of services within health and social care. When assuming responsibility for these services, at whatever level (policy, strategy, commissioning, or providing) they become aware of the major challenges that face them. Few people, however, are aware of the considerable amount of evidence that has already been accumulated in the last 50 years about effectiveness and the circumstances that impact on how best to deliver services. This book is the first to bring together this substantial body of evidence, disseminating in one volume information usually found scattered throughout a vast range of publications. In 38 chapters, it provides advice on: (a) The background developments in policymaking, strategic thinking, and adult education that impact on the future roles of professionals, managers, and child and adolescent health services. (b) Identifying problem populations and devising effective methods for obtaining reliable and valid measures of need that will enable service planning to take place, and which will then promote developments of commissioning strategies that make sense to practitioners. (c) Learning lessons for and from not only the UK but also North America, Australasia, developing countries, and societies that are in recovery post-conflict. (d) Understanding the evidence base for current interventions so that informed choices can be made, particularly in relation to expensive and residential provisions. (e) Understanding service networks so that children and families are directed to services that are likely to have the optimal effect in relation to their identified needs. (f) How services are currently being mapped and what recent exercise tell us about the performance of state-funded services in the UK (g) What we know from international sources about: how the impact of mental health problems and disorders on younger people translates into burden on parents, families, carers, and primary level staff; how their experiences relate to demand for and on specialist child and adolescents mental health services; and what the literature tells us about demand management. (h) Understanding the criteria for service evaluation so that reliable benchmarks and standards of effectiveness in services can be developed and applied. (i) Surveying the developments that have occurred in services in the last 15 years and future directions. Each chapter is written by an expert or team of experts in the field covered and is thoroughly referenced to enable readers to locate and refer to the original sources. This book will be the essential reference text for Directors and Managers in the NHS and Social care who have responsibility for children and adolescents with emotional or behavioural problems, as well as for clinical practitioners and those in training, or those responsible for providing training and staff development.

This book examines early interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the goal to enable primary care physicians as well as other clinicians, therapists, and practitioners to assist parents in making informed decisions based on current research. It provides a map for successfully navigating the maze of early interventions for ASD, focusing on evidence. Chapters review the similarities and differences between current evidence-based treatments, how these treatments work, the factors that facilitate their effectiveness, and the pros and cons of their use for different children and different needs. In addition, chapters discuss the services, laws, policies, and societal issues related to early intervention in ASD. Featured topics include: Criteria to evaluate evidence in ASD interventions. Effective approaches for Social communication difficulties in ASD. Effective approaches for Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in ASD. Naturalistic, developmental approaches to early intervention for children with ASD The TEACCH approach and other visually based approaches for children with ASD. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) approaches to early intervention for children with ASD. What works for whom in ASD early intervention Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism is an essential resource for clinicians, primary care providers, and other practitioners as well as researchers, professors, and graduate students in the fields of child, school, and developmental psychology, pediatrics, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, primary care medicine, and related disciplines.

Alzheimer's disease can be thought of as a multi-faceted neuropsychological disorder, with diverse impairments in cognitive abilities, such as attention, memory, language and executive functioning. Over the last decade cognitive neuropsychology has provided a far richer understanding of these impairments, and this book describes these advances, placing them in their clinical context. The first section deals with background theoretical and clinical issues, such as the extent to which Alzheimer's disease can be considered as a single entity or whether it is more fruitful to explore the neuropsychology of individual patients. It considers the diagnostic aspects of Alzheimer's disease, the natural history of the disease, how it progresses over time and the characteristics of the prodromal phase. A second section, the core of the book, covers major cognitive functions and delineates how impairments can be differentiated from each other. A third portion integrates what is known about cognitive decline with the underlying neurobiological basis, including pathological structural brain abnormality and neuropharmacological changes. A final section explores the clinical implications of the research with an overview of the neuropsychological assessment of this disease, cognitive approaches to management, and neurobiological treatment.
As an introduction to this field, The Cognitive Neuropsychology of Alzheimer's Disease brings together the opinion of leading researchers in a book that will provide a useful source of information for neurologists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists who wish to broaden their knowledge concerning this debilitating illness.

This book explores how technology can foster interaction between children and their peers, teachers and other adults. It presents the Co-EnACT framework to explain how technology can support children to collaborate, so helping them to learn and engage enjoyably with the world, in both work and play. The focus is on children, rather than young people, but the principles of supporting interaction apply throughout all life stages. Chapters on classrooms and on autism explain principles behind using technology in ways that support, rather than obstruct, social interaction in diverse populations. Collaborative interaction involves both verbal and non-verbal behaviour and this book presents evidence from closely analysing children's behaviour in natural settings. Examples from cutting-edge technology illustrate principles applicable to more widely-available technology. The book will be of interest to psychologists, educators, researchers in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), particularly those designing with children in mind, and practitioners working with children who want to deepen their understanding of using technology for collaboration.

Genetics promises to provide one of the most powerful approaches to understanding the functional pathology of the human brain. This book presents a critical review of the evidence for a genetic contribution to common psychiatric conditions and the rarer single-gene disorders that may have psychiatric presentations
The first section of the book introduces the reader to molecular biology and the techniques of molecular genetics. The coverage then moves on to consider the genetics of normal and abnormal development, followed by a look at the genetics of abnormal behaviour in adults. This section includes, amongst others, consideration of personality disorders, schizophrenia and the dementias. The final section considers the applications of the work and covers issues such as counselling and ethics, closing with a look to the future.
The editors are internationally renowned figures in this field and they have invited a team of equally eminent chapter authors.
This will be essential reading for psychiatrists and geneticists and will be essential reading for psychiatrists and geneticists and will be of interest to neurologists, psychologists and neuroscientists.

How can we better understand and treat those suffering from schizophrenia and manic-depressive illnesses? This important new book takes us into the world of those suffering from such disorders. Using self-descriptions, its emphasis is not on how mental health professional's view sufferers, but on how the patients themselves experience their disorder. Central to the book is the idea that schizophrenic persons live like disembodies spirits or deanimated bodies. As disembodies spirits, they feel like abstract entities that contemplate their own existence and the world from outside. As deanimated bodies, schizophrenic people feel deprived of the possibility of living personal experiences - perceptions, thoughts, emotions - as their own. A new volume in the International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry series, this book will be of great interest to all those working with sufferers from such disorders - helping them to better understand their mental lives and providing important insights into how best to treat them.

We live in an aging world. Illnesses that are prevalent and cause significant morbidity and mortality in older people will consume an increasing share of health care resources. One such illness is depression. This illness has a particularly devastating impact in the elderly because it is often undiagnosed or inadequately treated. Depression not only has a profound impact on quality of life but it is associated with an increased risk of mortality from suicide and vascular disease. In fact for every medical illness studied, e.g. heart disease, diabetes, cancer, individuals who are depressed have a worse prognosis. Research has illuminated the physiological and behavioral effects of depression that accounts for these poor outcomes. The deleterious relationship between depression and other illnesses has changed the concept of late-life depression from a "psychiatric disorder" that is diagnosed and treated by a psychiatrist to a common and serious disorder that is the responsibility of all physicians who care for patients over the age of 60.
This is the first volume devoted to the epidemiology, phenomenology, psychobiology, treatment and consequences of late-life depression. Although much has been written about depressive disorders, the focus has been primarily on the illness as experienced in younger adults. The effects of aging on the brain, the physiological and behavioral consequences of recurrent depression, and the impact of other diseases common in the elderly, make late-life depression a distinct entity. There is a compelling need for a separate research program, specialized treatments, and a book dedicated to this disorder. This book will be invaluable to psychiatrists, gerontologists, clinical psychologists, social workers, students, trainees, and others who care for individuals over the age of sixty.

This book examines three decades of research on behavioral inhibition (BI), addressing its underlying biological, psychological, and social markers of development and functioning. It offers a theory-to-practice overview of behavioral inhibition and explores its cognitive component as well as its relationship to shyness, anxiety, and social withdrawal. The volume traces the emergence of BI during infancy through its occurrences across childhood. In addition, the book details the biological basis of BI and explores ways in which it is amenable to environmental modeling. Its chapters explore the neural systems underlying developmental milestones, address lingering questions (e.g., limitations of studying BI in laboratory settings and debatable benefits of self-regulatory processes), and provide recommendations for future research. Key areas of coverage include: Animal models of behavioral inhibition. Social functioning and peer relationships in BI. Attention mechanisms in behavioral inhibition. BI and associative learning of fear. Behavioral inhibition and prevention of internalizing distress in early childhood. The relations between BI, cognitive control, and anxiety. Behavioral Inhibition is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students across such fields as developmental psychology, psychiatry, social work, cognitive and affective developmental neuroscience, child and school psychology, educational psychology, and pediatrics.

With an ever increasing population of aging people in the western world, it is more crucial than ever that we try to understand how and why cognitive competence breaks down with advancing age. Why do some people follow normal patterns of cognitive change, while others follow a path of progressive decline, becoming stricken with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alheimer's. What can be done to prevent cognitive decline-or to avoid neurodegenerative diseases? The answers, if they come, will not emerge from research within one discipline, but from work being done across a range of scientific and medical specialities.
This volume brings together leading experts from a range of fields studying cognitive aging, including neuroscience, pharmacology, health, genetics, sensory biology, and epidemiology. Unlike other books in this area, this book is more about "new frontiers" than past research and accomplishments. Recently cognitive aging research has taken several new directions, linking with, and benefiting from, rapid technological and theoretical advances in these neighboring disciplines. This book provides unique interdisciplinary coverage of the topic. With each chapter including commentaries from other specialists in related fields, the book provides integrative study of the topic. For those within the fields of psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and geriatrics, this volume will make an important contribution in furthering our understanding of a problem that affects all of us.