Attention is a key psychological construct in the understanding of human cognition, and the target of enormous efforts to elucidate its physiological mechanisms, as the wealth of literature-both primary and secondary-attests (for recent compilations see Itti, Rees, & Tsotsos, 2005; Paletta & Rome, 2008; Posner, 2004). But in addition to asking what attention actually is, decomposing and analyzing its varieties, or delimiting its neurobiological mechanisms and effects, in this volume we want to explore attention somewhat differently. We believe that a full-fledged theory of attention must consider its workings in the context of motivated, goal-directed, and environmentally constrained organisms. That attention is related to goal-directed behavior is not news. What the contri- tions to this volume do suggest, however, is the existence of fundamental links between attention and two key processes that are crucial for adapted conduct: go- directed behavior and cognitive control. Importantly, they show that these relations can be explored at multiple levels, including neurodynamical, neurochemical, evo- tionary, and clinical aspects, and that in doing so multiple methodological challenges arise that are worth considering and pursuing. The reader will find here, therefore, a selection of contributions that range from basic mechanisms of attention at the n- ronal level to developmental aspects of cognitive control and its impairments. Another trend that will become evident is that, in different ways, the authors stress the need to understand these issues as they unfold in natural behavior (both healthy and pathological), thus arguing for a more ecological approach to these questions.

This volume tries to put current therapy - achievements, shortcomings, remaining medical needs - and emerging new targets into the context of increasing knowledge regarding the genetic and neurodevelopmental contributions to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Some of the chapters also deal with respective experimental and clinical methodology, biomarkers, and translational aspects of drug development. The volume concentrates on reviewing the ongoing research attempting to identify novel treatments for the cognitive deficits and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, which are not treated adequately by current antipsychotic medications.

This volume is the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN2013) held in Sweden in 2013. The included papers reflect the large span of research presented and are grouped in ten parts that are organized essentially in a top-down structure. The first parts deal with social/interactive (I) and mental (II) aspects of brain functions and their relation to perception and cognition (III). Next, more specific aspects of sensory systems (IV) and neural network dynamics of brain functions (V), including the effects of oscillations, synchronization and synaptic plasticity (VI), are addressed, followed by papers particularly emphasizing the use of neural computation and information processing (VII). With the next two parts, the levels of cellular and intracellular processes (VIII) and finally quantum effects (IX) are reached. The last part (X) is devoted to the contributions invited by the Dynamic Brain Forum (DBF), which was co-organized with ICCN2013.

Updated to include a succinct yet thorough review of the most recent evidence-based information and data-driven best treatment practices in child and adolescent psychiatry, this fourth edition of the Clinical Manual of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology not only examines the evidence for treating mental health disorders in younger patients but also illuminates how clinical trials of various methodologies can inform different aspects of clinical practice. Organized by DSM-5-TR diagnosis rather than drug class, this clinically accessible volume offers an exhaustive analysis of the use of psychotropic agents in disorders that include • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder • Depressive disorders • Autism spectrum disorder • Early schizophrenia and psychotic illnesses • Eating disorders Comprehensive medication tables allow for easy reference of dosing, side effects, and tips for management. Additionally, key points at the conclusion of each chapter summarize essential information for treating clinicians. With a depth of information unmatched by any other guide, this new edition of the Clinical Manual of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology is an indispensable desktop reference for clinicians working with young patients.

Substance Abuse Recovery in College explains in authoritative detail what collegiate recovery communities are, the types of services they provide, and their role in the context of campus life, with extended examples from Texas Tech University s influential CSAR (Center for the Study of Addiction and Recovery) program. Using data from both conventional surveys and end-of-day daily Palm Pilot assessments as well as focus groups, the book examines community members experiences. In addition, the importance of a positive relationship between the recovery community and the school administration is emphasized.

Topics covered include:

• The growing need for recovery services at colleges.
• How recovery communities support abstinence and relapse prevention.
• Who are community members and their addiction and treatment histories.
• Daily lives of young adults in a collegiate recovery community.
• Challenges and opportunities in establishing recovery communities on campus.
• Building abstinence support into an academic curriculum.

This volume offers clear insights and up-close perspectives of importance to developmental and clinical child psychologists, social workers, higher education policymakers, and related professionals in human development, family studies, student services, college health care, and community services."

The study of the effects of gonadal hormones in the brain focussed mainly on reproductive actions for a long time. Meanwhile, however, it is well known that gonadal hormones, in particular estrogens, also have neuroprotective and psychoprotective properties. They modulate many brain functions such as cognitive functions, pain regulation, motor coordination, and epilepsy, as well as affective and psychotic disorders, to name just a few. In fact, during the past few years we have experienced a major change in our understanding of the endocrinologic aspects of psychiatric disorders. Endocrinologic irregularities in psychiatric patients are no longer viewed as pure epiphenomena but rather discussed as part of the pathomechanism of the disorders. How exactly estrogens affect various disorders is a fascinating and intriguing aspect of this emerging field of non-reproductive brain actions of gonadal hormones. Among the estrogens, especially estradiol appears to play an important and multimodal role in the brain. Which of estradiol s many membrane, intracellular, and genomic actions matters most in psychiatric disorders, remains to be discovered. The aim of this volume is to summarize the role estrogens play in major psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, and dementia, and to provide a state-of-the-art overview of current knowledge, but also of questions that are still open. It is intended to be a resource for clinicians and readers who are interested in contemporary research developments in this field.

This volume brings to life the nature of resilience and adaptation to change by describing turning points, or critical experiences, in the lives of people with disabilities. People with cerebral palsy, spina bifida, or attention deficit disorder are interviewed. They describe events and experiences that changed their lives and pinpoint which factors helped or hindered their adaptation. Interweaving these compelling stories with popular thought and research evidence, the authors show how understanding the resilience of people with disabilities may help all readers create meaning in life and become resilient.

Rich in personal detail, yet strong in its presentation of academic literature and other non-fiction works related to resilience, this volume will appeal to a wide variety of readers, from people who wonder about the meaning of life, to the parents of children with disabilities and organizations that deliver services to them, to students and professors in the fields of psychology, education, social work and occupational therapy.

The field of behavioral neurogenetics has developed significantly over the past two decades. This has been largely driven by technical advances in the field of molecular genetics both in model systems and in clinical analysis. Indeed, it is hoped that the elucidation and ongoing functionalisation of the human genome may provide new insights into the aetiology, course and, ultimately, treatment of psychiatric illnesses. This book covers a wide array of topics relevant to behavioral genetics from both a preclinical and clinical standpoint. Indeed in juxtaposing both areas of research the reader will appreciate the true translational nature of the field. Topics covered range from technical advances in genetic analysis in humans and animals to specific descriptions of advances in schizophrenia, attention disorders, depression and anxiety disorders, autism, aggression, neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental disorders. The importance of gene-environment interactions is emphasised and the role of neuroimaging in unravelling the functional consequences of genetic variability described. This volume will be valued by both the basic scientist and clinician alike who may use it as a detailed reference book. It will also be of use to the novice to the field, to whom it will serve as an in-depth introduction to this exciting area of research.

The use of race in studies of insanity in the 1840s and 1850s gave rise to politically charged theories on the differential biology and pathologies of brains in whites and Blacks. In Mad with Freedom, Elodie Edwards-Grossi explores the largely unknown social history of these racialized theories on insanity in the segregated South. She unites an institutional history of psychiatric spaces in the South that housed Black patients with an intellectual history of early psychiatric theories that defined the Black body as a locus for specific pathologies. Edwards-Grossi also reveals the subtle, localized techniques of resistance later employed by Black patients to confront medical power. Her work shows the continuous politicization of science and theories on insanity in the context of Reconstruction and the Jim Crow South.

Personal stories and professional research findings make this highly readable book a ready summary of the current knowledge surrounding autism. Recent coverage in popular media has increased awareness and understanding of this condition, creating the need for access to current scientific research and reports of common experiences with it. Directed toward parents and professionals, this book explains what research has revealed and supports it with personal accounts written by people with autism and the parents of autistic children. The focus of the book encompasses the wide spectrum of characteristics and ability levels that exist within autism and their implications for individuals as children, older adolescents, and adults.

From the first diagnosis of autism by Leo Kanner in 1943 to the most recent research by neurologists Isabelle Rapin and Robert Katzman, the study of autism has shed increasing light on the mysteries of this disorder. This book summarizes research findings as it explores the dilemmas faced by parents and individuals with autism in their search for early diagnosis, professional help, and suitable services. Chapters include discussions of co-existing conditions, causes of autism, and its relationship to Asperger Syndrome. Appendices include a glossary of related terms and an international directory of support organizations and publications.

An in-depth overview, this book examines major current problems faced by today's adolescents. Authored by 16 leading international experts, the book presents some of the latest research on the depressed and suicidal adolescent, assessment procedures, psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatments, eating disorders, and violence. Scholarly, yet practical, this volume will be a vital source of information to all scholars, mental health professionals, and students concerned with adolescent behavior.

The book commences with a broad array of developmental issues in normal and pathological adolescents ranging from self-esteem, gender-identity disorders, attachment and detachment, borderline psychodynamics, psychosexual trauma, and finally, dynamic factors in the resilient adolescent. Next, the book focuses on depression, the suicidal adolescent, and a study of double suicide attempts. The aggressive adolescent is addressed from the broad array of sociological, psychological, biological, and psychopharmacological aspects of aggressive behavior, as well as an interesting study of parents battered by adolescents. Finally, an integrated approach to adolescents with eating disorders and anorexia nervosa is discussed. This book will be a source of information for all scholars, mental health professionals, students, and allied professionals concerned with the problems of adolescents.

Cinema--invented just before psychoanalysis formally developed--primed the public and scholars to rethink ideas about dreams. The author describes how surrealist artists purposely applied Freudian dream theories to their art to make the public aware of modern ideas about dreams. Most of our current cultural consciousness about the psychological value of dreams is traced to classical and contemporary cinema. This work examines how residuals of past approaches to dreams make conceptions of dreams in psychoanalysis and science more complex than ever today.

Scholars and students in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, cinema, medicine, and religion may find this volume useful. The book also examines academic psychiatry's increased emphasis in dream study on neuropsychiatry and psychopharmocology, as well as managed care's decreased compensation for dream therapy.

Introduction: 1. Clinical Considerations; C.G. Last, M. Hersen. Clinical Cases: 2. Schizophrenia; P.W. McGuffin, R.L. Morrison. 3. Major Depression; I.W. Miller, et al. 4. Dysthymic Disorder; M.A. Mercier. 5. Alcohol Dependence and Abuse; T.J. O'Farrell. 6. Nicotine Dependence; P. O'Hara 7. Somatization Disorder; J. Baker, P. Cinciripini. 8. Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia; S.L. Williams, B. Laberge. 9. Social Phobia; D.A. Hope, R.G. Heimberg 10. Simple Phobia; F.D. McGlynn, T. Vopat. 11. Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Combined Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Therapy; G. Butler. 12. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; H. Hiss, E.B. Foa. 13. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder; F.W. Weathers, T.M. Keane. 14. Bulimia Nervosa; D.M. Garnerr. 15. Low Sexual Desire Disorder; J.G. Beck. 16. Exhibitionism B.M. Maletsky. 17. Pedophilia; A. Eccles, W.L. Marshall. 18. Primary Insomnia; M. Engel-Friedman. 19. Pathological Gambling; R.A. McCormick. Index.

The family, that most fundamentalof human groups, is currently perceived to be changing in response to social, biological, cultural and technological developments in our postmodernsociety. While the observed changes in families have been considered by some sociologists to be evidence of adaptation and, therefore, normal, the authors of this volume, consider them maladaptive. Viewing society from the point of view of clinical psychiatry, they point to greatly increased numbers of children born to single mothers, soaring rates of divorce, a statistically confirmed increase in mental disorders, increase in reported incest, high rates of depression in younger people and escalation of the amount of reported family violence as evidence that the family, as a social institution, is in crisis and can either move toward renewed vitality or continued deterioration. Perceiving a need to obtain information about family functioning that might lead to the increased stability and well-being of this critically important type of system, Dr. John Schwab and his associates designed and camed out a research program that began with a thorough review of relevant literature beginning with LePlay's study of 300 families in the 1850'sand including important recent statistical studies. They found that although these studies represent advances in understanding the family system, some serious problems with the research remain, one of which is confounding variables such as family function and mental or substance abuse disorders so that if a family member has a problem, such as drug abuse, the family is classifiedasdysfunctional.

Nuclear Medicine in Psychiatry showcases the combined expertise of renowned authors whose dedication to the investigation of psychiatric disease through nuclear medicine technology has achieved international recognition. Psychiatric disorders are discussed both from categorical and functional psychopathological viewpoint and the latest results in functional neuroimaging are detailed. Most chapters are written jointly by a psychiatrist and a nuclear medicine expert, and each contains a section "Clinical Aspects," to link research data with clinical routine. This state-of-the-art compendium will be valuable to anybody in the field of neuroscience, from the psychiatrist and the radiologist/nuclear medicine specialist to the interested general practitioner and cognitive psychologist.

Making sense of such bewildering problems as hallucinations, paranoia, depression, and anxiety seems as incredible challenge, but modern psychiatry is able to bring understanding and change to many of those whose lives are impaired by psychiatric problems. This is not accomplished through the application of one dominant psychological theory, but through the integration of perspectives of many such theories in this diverse field into a befitting approach-the biopsychosocial model.
Application of the biopsychosocial model will allow for understanding the patient in biological, psychological, and social terms simultaneously, and provide a holistic picture with multiple strategies for treatment.
In this book, the author takes a step back from the assessment to demonstrate to the student methods of the information gathered from the patient into a clinically useful whole, essentially showing exactly how and why the psychiatrist arrives at an intervention.

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New high throughput techniques in neuroscience and psychiatry have enhanced the development of experimental, customizable animal models that are predictive of human neuropsychiatric pathology and give vital insights on the mechanisms and pathways involved. In "Psychiatric Disorders: Methods and Protocols," key experts have written integrated chapters on neuropsychiatric research sharing their insightful expertise and opinions focusing on both the animal models as well as the cutting edge techniques applied. Beginning with an overview of the animal research in psychiatric illness and substance abuse, this comprehensive volume continues with the modeling of neuropsychiatric illness, drug abuse paradigms and techniques, biomarker identification, autoimmune inflammatory response, and neuroendocrine alteration in the areas of psychiatry, as well as state-of-the-art ""Omics" approaches" and neurosystems biology/data mining techniques to compute and analyze genomic and proteomics alteration occurring within neuropsychiatric models. As a part of the highly successful "Methods in Molecular Biology " series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Thorough and easily applicable, "Psychiatric Disorders: Methods and Protocols" offers the detailed and clearly illustrated tools necessary for neuroscientists and psychiatrists to handle many unanswered scientific questions with a more creative and insightful approach."

This volume of the Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology focuses on neurochemical aspects of schizophrenia. Chapters cover the full range of schizophrenia symptoms and anatomical pathologies from neurochemical and molecular biology perspectives. Topics include changes in neurotransmitter systems, alteration in receptors, neurotransmitter release, genetic factors, protein alterations, and redox dysregulation.

An annotated edition of a landmark study in the history of psychology, including extensive essays and other critical apparatus that place Antoine Despine's work in its proper historical and scientific context.

This handbook examines the medical and therapeutic needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the effectiveness of treatments that are delivered through interdisciplinary teams. It analyzes the impact of interdisciplinary teams on assessment, diagnosis, treatment planning, and implementation and explores how evidence-based treatments can be developed and implemented. Chapters describe the wide-ranging effects of ASD and the challenges individuals and their family members face when seeking treatment. In addition, chapters provide an overview of the comorbidities and related disorders that often accompany ASD, including neurodevelopmental disorders, medical and behavioral problems, and psychopathology. The handbook also discusses the critical importance of caregivers in the treatment team as experts in their child's strengths, problem areas, and functioning. Topics featured in this handbook include: Legal considerations in interdisciplinary treatments. Ethical considerations in the development and implementation of interdisciplinary teams. Evidence-based interdisciplinary treatment and evaluation considerations. The role of primary care physicians and subspecialty pediatricians within interdisciplinary teams. The impact of school psychologists related to assessment and intervention development. Vocational interventions that promote independence in individuals with ASD. The Handbook of Interdisciplinary Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians and professionals, and graduate students across such interrelated disciplines as clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation medicine/therapy, pediatrics, and special education.

1st edition: Winner of the 2004 IAA Life Sciences Book Award!

This 2nd Edition represents a complete revision with about 23% more pages and new material compared to the first edition; it includes several recent studies involving astronauts and cosmonauts; and discusses the new field of space tourism. It deals with psychological, psychiatric, and psychosocial issues that affect people who live and work in space. Unlike other books that focus on anecdotal reports and ground-based simulation studies, this book emphasizes the findings from psychological research conducted during actual space missions. Both authors have been active in such research. What is presented in this readable text has previously been found only in scientific journal articles. Topics that are discussed include: behavioral adaptation to space; human performance and cognitive effects; crewmember interactions; psychiatric responses; psychological countermeasures related to habitability factors, work-design, selection, training, and in-flight monitoring and support; and the impact of expeditionary missions to Mars and beyond.

People finding this book of interest will include psychology and social science students and professors in universities, medical students and residents in psychiatry and aerospace medicine, human factors workers in space and aviation professions, individuals involved with isolated environments on Earth (e.g., the Antarctic, submarines), aerospace workers in businesses and space agencies such as NASA and ESA, and anyone who is interested in learning the facts about the human side of long-duration space missions.

1st edition reviews:

a ~Drs. Kanas and Manzey have produced acomprehensive review of the issues and research in the areas of space psychology and psychiatry. This includes a long overdue up-to-date compilation of findings from research performed in space as well as anecdotal reports. The authors' personal involvement and experience in space research and operations shows throughout the book in its presentation and research of the issues as well as in the insights offered. Highly informative, well organized and written at a level appropriate for a broad range of readers, this book will be a reference source for space professionals, researchers, students, and interested laymen alike. a ~

Leena Tomi, Deputy Director, Operational Space Medicine, Canadian Space Agency
Jean-Marc Comtois, B.Eng., M.D. Director, Operational Space Medicine, Canadian Space Agency

'An excellent book by two outstanding experts. The refreshing mix between review and original research results spiced with personal experiences makes it interesting for every reader.'

Oliver Angerer, M.D., Human Exploration Science Coordinator, European Space Agency

"This book is not just a record of what can go wrong with regard to mental health and performance, but explores a number of prudent psychological, ergonomic, and design engineering countermeasures to help guide future mission planners and spacecraft engineers[a ]]Written in a clear and engaging style, this book will not only interest the general space enthusiast, but all human factors specialists and anyone else studying the human reaction to extreme and unusual environments. As a comprehensive account of what we have learned so far about the psychological challenges of space travel, Space Psychology andPsychiatry should also be on the bookshelf of any researcher plotting the future course of human spaceflight."

Ergonomics in Design

The purpose of this handbook, originally published in 1984, was to provide a compreh- sive review of current clinical descriptions, research , and theories of psychopathology. Descriptive psychopathology is a ?eld that forms the foundation of clinical practice and research in clinical psychology, psychiatry, psychiatric social work, psychiatric nursing, and allied professions in mental health. Since the 1st edition, the editors have devised and updated a handbook to cover both general and speci?c topics in psychopathology that would be useful to researchers, practitioners, and graduate or other advanced students in the mental health and behavioral medicine professions. To implement this plan, we have very carefully chosen colleagues whom we respect for their expertise in particular ?elds. These authors include both clinicians and researchers who have outstanding national reputations, as well as more junior behavioral scientists and clinicians who, in our opinion, will achieve similar recognition in the future. The excellent chapters in this book lead us to believe that we have chosen wisely. We would like to express our appreciation to these authors for their outstanding contributions and cooperation.

"This book is informative and interesting and would be useful both in academic and professional settings."--"Feminism & Psychology"

A special kind of horror is reserved for mothers who kill their children. Cases such as those of Susan Smith, who drowned her two young sons by driving her car into a lake, and Melissa Drexler, who disposed of her newborn baby in a restroom at her prom, become media sensations. Unfortunately, in addition to these high-profile cases, hundreds of mothers kill their children in the United States each year. The question most often asked is, why? What would drive a mother to kill her own child?

Those who work with such cases, whether in clinical psychology, social services, law enforcement or academia, often lack basic understandings about the types of circumstances and patterns which might lead to these tragic deaths, and the social constructions of motherhood which may affect women's actions. These mothers oftentimes defy the myths and media exploitation of them as evil, insane, or lacking moral principles, and they are not a homogenous group. In obvious ways, intervention strategies should differ for a teenager who denies her pregnancy and then kills her newborn and a mother who kills her two toddlers out of mental illness or to further a relationship. A typology is needed to help us to understand the different cases that commonly occur and the patterns they follow in order to make possible more effective prevention plans.

Mothers Who Kill Their Children draws on extensive research to identify clear patterns among the cases of women who kill their children, shedding light on why some women commit these acts. The characteristics the authorsestablish will be helpful in creating more meaningful policies, more targeted intervention strategies, and more knowledgeable evaluations of these cases when they arise.