This is the first in-depth analysis of American railroad litigation from the 1880s to 1910 that led to landmark decisions by the Supreme Court, fundamentally altering the meaning of due process in American constitutional law and establishing a basic power of the federal courts to restrict state regulation over railroad rates. This is the first book-length study systematically to explore the impact of American railroads on the courts and the U.S. Constitution. Historians, political scientists, and legal scholars interested in decisions that profoundly affected contemporary views on the Constitution, and the political strategy and tactics used by the railroads to affect the judicial process, will gain new insights from this study. The introduction covers the disastrous defeat that the railroads suffered at the hands of the Supreme Court in the 1877 Granger Cases when the roads first challenged governmental regulation of railroad rates. Chapters 1 through 5 analyze their victories in the 1880s and 1890s as they sought to establish substantive due process as a valid doctrine. Chapters 6 through 9 describe the subsequent litigation to circumvent the Eleventh Amendment's apparent bar to injunction suits against state officers in the federal courts, culminating in a Supreme Court landmark decision of 1908. The epilogue shows how these decisions had a lasting impact on constitutional development in the United States in relation to civil liberties and contemporary constitutional law.

As the first study to document the Baghdad Railway construction, rather than the rhetoric surrounding it, this work challenges nearly a century of scholarship on German imperialism and Ottoman decline--scholarship that has too often hinged on the alleged Great Power victimization of the Ottoman Empire. McMurray unearths a fascinating, intercultural dimension of the railway and provides a comprehensive, detailed account of the Ottoman contribution. His work denies the German character of the railway by showing it to be an exclusively Ottoman enterprise designed by German engineers, funded by international capital, and built by a veritable army of Ottoman subjects.

The study refutes the notion that German involvement in the Baghdad Railway somehow represented an orchestrated plunder of the Ottoman Empire. It reveals instead, the benefits this union bestowed on the Ottomans despite growing discord between Germany's leading political, financial, and cultural advocates of the railway. It traces back to the genesis of German interest in the enterprise before the Age of Empire, and it shows that the initial impetus came from private individuals whose commitment to improve the empire's infrastructure lay anchored in the hope that the Ottoman Empire would one day become Germany's ally. Finally, it reveals that German involvement with the railway did not traumatize the Ottoman Empire, but rather offered it a new lease on life, helping to strengthen the Ottomans' resolve to counter further European incursion.

Between 1970 and 1997, the nation's railroads engaged in corporate mergers in an effort to stem the decline of the industry's market base, increase low return on investments, and counter the deterioration of trackage and equipment. The 73 Class I carriers in existence in 1970 have been consolidated into only 10 today. The recent battle over Conrail is only the most recent and highly publicized example of this trend that resulted from the relaxation of federal regulation. Business scholars, economists, railroad buffs, and anyone interested in transportation and federal regulation will find this book an invaluable tool.

This book promotes the use of mathematical optimization and operations research methods in rail transportation. The editors assembled thirteen contributions from leading scholars to present a unified voice, standardize terminology, and assess the state-of-the-art. There are three main clusters of articles, corresponding to the classical stages of the planning process: strategic, tactical, and operational. These three clusters are further subdivided into five parts which correspond to the main phases of the railway network planning process: network assessment, capacity planning, timetabling, resource planning, and operational planning. Individual chapters cover: Simulation Capacity Assessment Network Design Train Routing Robust Timetabling Event Scheduling Track Allocation Blocking Shunting Rolling Stock Crew Scheduling Dispatching Delay Propagation

Some vanguard companies have evolved to a higher level of decentralization originating in the enabling-and-autonomy paradigm. A new kind of deep leadership is practiced by these spirit-driven organizations. This book brings together theory and case studies to cover historical origins and developments of both types of decentralization.

This contributed volume explores the relationship between imperialism, railways, and informal empire. Contributors account for the origins of main lines in several independent and self-governing countries. The essays reflect on the imperial and anti-imperial effects of railways, whose rails traced the divergent paths of expanding capitalism, imperial strategy, and modernizing nationalism. The reader is thereby offered an opportunity of seeing the slippery notion of informal empire in operation, and of testing its validity. The railway has often been studied from the standpoint of imperialism; this book makes a beginning with studying imperialism from the standpoint of the railway. Following the book's introduction, which explains the imperial model considered in each chapter case study, the book opens with essays on railway imperialism in Canada, South Africa, Central Africa, Argentina, Mexico, the Indian States, Thailand, Russia and China. The last essay, written by Ronald E. Robinson, ties the book together with an engaging analysis of railway imperialism. This book should appeal to researchers and students interested in the history of imperialism and the history of railways.

These conference proceedings include a collection of articles presented at the RailExchange conference in October 2017 at Newcastle University, UK. They will be useful for researchers in developing countries looking for opportunities of knowledge exchange. The RailExchange project aimed to develop sustainable railway education in Thailand, via international partnerships and industry collaborations based around stakeholders' expertise and experiences. It involved staff exchange (academics and researchers) between Mahidol and Newcastle University for joint research and curriculum development and also organizing railway conferences and workshops in both Thailand and the UK. The papers published here focus on rail-related issues and present a perspective of a widely understood 'exchange' in academia and industry environments. 'Exchange' is perceived as rail knowledge exchange between partners, rail staff exchange between academia and/or industry, research exchange between teams, student-lecturer knowledge exchange, academia-industry collaboration, etc. In addition, more general rail-related papers are also included.

When the American Railway Union went on strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company in 1894, it set into motion a chain of events whose repercussions are still felt today. The strike pitted America's largest industrial union against twenty-four railroads, paralyzed rail traffic in half the country, and in the end was broken up by federal troops and suppressed by the courts, with union leader Eugene Debs incarcerated. But behind the Pullman case lay a conflict of ideologies at a watershed time in our nation's history.

David Ray Papke reexamines the events and personalities surrounding the 1894 strike, related proceedings in the Chicago trial courts, and the 1895 Supreme Court decision, In re Debs, which set important standards for labor injunctions. He shows how the Court, by upholding Debs's contempt citation, dealt fatal blows to broad-based unionism in the nation's most important industry and to any hope for a more evenhanded form of judicial involvement in labor disputes-thus setting the stage for labor law in decades to come.

The Pullman case was a defining moment in the often violent confrontation between capital and labor. It matched wealthy industrialist George Pullman against Debs and gave a stage to Debs's fledgling attorney Clarence Darrow. Throughout the trial, capital and labor tried to convince the public of the justice of their cause: Debs decrying the company's treatment of workers and Pullman raising fears of radical unionists. Papke provides an analytically concise and highly readable account of these proceedings, offering insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the law at the peak of industrial capitalism, showcasing Debs's passionate commitment to workers' rights, and providing a window on America during a period of rapid industrialization and social transformation.

Papke shows that the law was far from neutral in defending corporate interests and suggests what the Pullman case, by raising questions about both the legitimacy of giant corporations and the revolutionary style of industrial unions, can teach us about law and legal institutions in our own time. His book captures the passions of industrial America and tells an important story at the intersection of legal and cultural history.

In Logomotive Ian Logan's photographs are assembled into chapters and picture essays recalling the great days of lines such as the Santa Fe, the Union Pacific, and the Kansas City Southern. Some of his journeys are presented as travelogues in which he meets the Fat Controller, gets to sound the horn, and wanders into freight yards to see the last generation of streamline locomotives rusting amid the weeds. Animal motifs, Native American allusions, advertising slogans, names of famous trains such as the Super Chief and the Wabash Cannonball provide the subject matter for other picture features.

Strohl examines the evolving network of high speed railway passenger trains in Western Europe. The purpose of the study, in addition to placing high speed train networks in a geographic and economic context, is to introduce the American reader to the evolving system of passenger trains in Europe toward evaluating their feasibility for high-density areas of the U.S. and Canada. Beginning with some general concepts of railway economics, planning, construction, and operation, the author goes on to detail high speed rail networks in France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, and Spain, with additional information on Japan and Scandinavia. This unique work will be of interest to all scholars and professionals in transportation economics and railway systems.

The British Rail corporate image and its Rail Blue livery was one of the longest-lived colour schemes carried by the trains of Britain in the forty-eight-year life of the nationalised railway network. Launched in 1965, after Beeching, the then new corporate image was an attempt by the BR design panel to raise the profile of the railway system countrywide and to sweep away the dull steam-era image as the swinging sixties got underway. By the mid-1970s, virtually all BR locomotives and multiple units were carrying Rail Blue livery, while most of the passenger coaches were in matching blue/grey. As the British Rail network was sectorised from the late 1980s in preparation for eventual privatisation, new bold, bright livery schemes for the fleet swept away the familiar, but by then somewhat jaded BR image. The BR blue era is now looked upon with affection as a golden age when the system was operated by an immense variety of locomotives and rolling stock, all now part of history in the same way that the steam era was viewed when the BR blue era ruled on Britain's railways.

Work Identity at the End of the Line? tells the story of workplace culture and identity in the railway industry before during and after privatization in the mid 1990s. It combines rich interview material from workers and managers involved in the privatisation process with a fascinating background detail of nationalization. The book will be of interest to sociologists, cultural and economic historians as well as those studying culture change in business. MARKET 1: Academics, Researchers and Libraries in Universities and Business and Management Schools, especially in courses on public sector management, and the management of change; Policy makers in the public sector and those interested in privatization

The railways have a long tradition in Europe and the impact that they have on history is as much political as it is social or economic. National governments have traditionally had an active interest in the railways and indeed railways have become synonymous with ideas of state building and intervention. Similarly, on the supra-national level, the EU Commission sees the railways as central to the EU Transport Policy, the Single Market and Sustainable Development. It is perhaps strange then that the creation of an EU Railway Policy has been slow in the making. This book focuses on the role of the Commission in opening national railway markets and creating an EU governance structure for the railways. Indeed, the railway policy discussions and preferences are shaped by the fundamental question of whether the railways are a public service or an economic sector. The book argues that the Commission is constrained by the member states' resistance towards market opening as evident in the implementation process and demonstrates that the Commission's long term commitment has been able to advance its preferred governance system.

High speed rail (HSR) is being touted as a strategic investment for connecting people across regions, while also fostering prosperity and smart urban growth. However, as its popularity increases, its implementation has become contentious with various parties contesting the validity of socioeconomic and environmental objectives put forward as justification for investment. High Speed Rail and Sustainability explores the environmental, economic and social effects of developing a HSR system, presenting new evaluations of the proposed system in California in the US as well as lessons from international experience. Drawing upon the accumulated experience from past HSR system development around the world, leading experts present a diverse set of perspectives as well as diverse contexts of implementation. Assessments of the California case as well as cases from Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Taiwan, China, and the UK show how governments and stakeholders have bridged the gap between the vision and the realities of connecting metropolitan regions through HSR. This is a valuable resource for academics, researchers and policy-makers in the areas of urban planning, civil engineering, transportation and environmental design.

This work explores the philosophy, actions, and policies of the Interstate Commerce Commission by focusing on the development of its railroad regulation practices, particularly since 1976. Richard Stone traces the radical change in the ICC's view of the rail industry, from the maximum control it exercised for many years through the unilateral deregulation that was begun in 1978. He considers the forces and pressures that contributed to the Commission's actions, including Congress, the president, the railroads, rail shippers, and academicians.

The book begins with two chapters that survey the history of the ICC and rail regulation through the mid-1970s. Stone then turns to the events of 1976, when the seeds of deregulation were sown with the election of Jimmy Carter and the passage of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform (4R) Act. Subsequent chapters cover the years between the 4R Act and the Staggers Act, which were characterized by the Commission's changing attitude toward rail regulation; the background and provisions of the 1980 Staggers Act and the events that followed it; and the recent events and changes in philosophy that have taken place at the ICC with regard to the rail industry. This study, the first to be published on the ICC since 1976, follows that body's transformation from a powerful independent commission to a much smaller and less influential institution. The work will be a valuable resource for students of public policy, transportation studies, and political science.

From their origins, railways produced an intense competition between the two major continental systems in France and Germany. Fitting a new technology into existing political institutions and social habits, these two nations became inexorably involved in an industrial and commercial rivalry that eventually escalated into the armed conflict of 1914. Based on many years of research in French and German archives, this study examines the adaptation of railroads and steam engines from Britain to the Continent of Europe after the Napoleonic age. A fascinating example of how the same technology, borrowed at the same time from the same source, was assimilated differently by these two continental powers, this book offers a groundbreaking analysis of the crossroads of technology and politics during the First Industrial Revolution.

The technological revolution linked to high speed rail (HSR) has been accompanied by myths and claims about its contribution to society and the economy. Although HSR is unquestionably a technological advance that has become a symbol of modernity, this review and analysis of the international experiences shows that the conditions necessary to have a positive impact, economically, socially and environmentally, are enormously restrictive. The Economics and Politics of High Speed Rail: Lessons from Experiences Abroad, by Daniel Albalate and Germa Bel, introduces the main questions policy makers and scholars should examine when considering and studying HSR implementation, with particular emphasis on the US's recent interest in this technology and possible application in California. Albalate and Bel then review the experiences of the most significant implementations of HSR around the globe. This in-depth international perspective includes chapters on the pioneers of HSR (Japan and France), the European followers (Germany, Spain and Italy), as well as Asian experiences in China, Taiwan, and Korea. Albalate and Bel's study provides a clear distinction between the myths and realities associated with this transportation innovation. Among the most relevant findings, this study highlights how HSR projects that do not satisfy highly restrictive conditions-on mobility patterns, measured costs, and economically rational designs-that make it desirable have been the source of huge financial debacles and the economic failure of HSR in most cases, which result in unfortunate consequences for taxpayers. The Economics and Politics of High Speed Rail is a rigorous investigation of the economic and political challenges and ramifications of implementing new public transportation technology.

The idea of a Channel Tunnel has always aroused strong emotions in Britain. It has been supported by those wanting closer political, economic and cultural links with Europe but opposed by believers in Britain's island identity and overseas empire. In contrast, the French have been almost unanimously in favour. Channel Tunnel Vision 1850-1950 is an account of attempts over a century to build a link with France. Early schemes, some owing more to Heath-Robinson than to sound engineering practice, were succeeded by serious proposals based on scientific surveys of the sea-bed carried out in the 1860s. After describing the major entrepreneurs and their plans, Keith Wilson goes on to show the reactions of successive British Governments. On several occasions the decision on whether or not to go ahead was a very close-run thing. He quotes the views, which make remarkable reading, of Prime Ministers from Gladstone to Ramsay MacDonald; of Foreign Secretaries including Grey and Curzon; and of admirals and generals ranging from Fisher to Wolseley, French and Henry Wilson. Their fears of sabotage, invasion and a future political rift with France were set against hopes of economic advantage. They also saw an enhanced ability to respond quickly to future German aggression. How the existence of a Channel Tunnel would have affected the 1940 campaign is an intriguing speculation.

Railroads, our first large corporations, are rapidly adapting to the deregulated climate of the 1990s. As we approach the 21st century, this book tells the story of the changing role of railroads in our economy and how the law has changed to meet the new competitive environment. Topics include abandonment and extension, railway labor law, rail passenger service, short line spinoffs, special problems of railroad employment and parallel deregulatory activity in Canada.

The authors deal with the changing railroad environment by describing the rail network of today, which has shrunk in route-miles but is in better shape than at any time since World War II. The changing role of rail employment is discussed, as well as government operation of Amtrak and commuter rail services. What regulation remains with the Interstate Commerce Commission and Federal Railroad Administration is described in detail. Finally, the authors go north of the border to show how Canada is facing rail deregulation and how Canadian railroads are playing a major part in the U.S. transportation scene. The authors close with a look at railroading as we approach the 21st century. Dooley and Thoms have written a comprehensive book for lawyers and rail enthusiasts alike.

This book was first published in 1969. This volume includes essays on the development of the Lancashire and Yorkshire railway network; the early Railway Capital Market and tables n expenses, capital and gross revenue and expediture.

First Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.