This book should be read by everyone who wants to understand special education today. James M. Kauffman, Ed.D, Professor Emeritus of Education, University of Virginia. New Perspectives in Special Education opens the door to the fascinating and vitally important world of theory that informs contemporary special education. It examines theoretical and philosophical orientations such as 'positivism', 'poststructuralism' and 'hermeneutics', relating these to contemporary global views of special education. Offering a refreshingly balanced view across a broad range of debates, this topical text guides the reader through the main theoretical and philosophical positions that may be held with regard to special education, and critically examines positions that often go unrecognised and unquestioned by practitioners and academics alike. It helps the reader to engage with and question the positions taken by themselves and others, by providing thinking points and suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter.Perspectives covered include: Positivism and empiricism Phenomenology and hermeneutics Historical materialism and critical theory Holism and constructivism Structuralism and post structuralism Pragmatism and symbolic interactionism Psychoanalysis Postmodernism and historical epistemology Anyone wishing to gain a fuller understanding of special education should not be without this stimulating and much needed text.

Our new series will provide an annual volume that examines some of the critical issues impacting upon the education and schooling of African American youth, from pre- through post-secondary education. Our challenge will be, not only, the scholarly production of knowledge, but the transmission of that knowledge to wider audiences. In so doing, we intend to question traditional assumptions and to analyze some of the intended and unintended consequences of those assumptions. This series will not rely upon a single paradigm or discipline to render new understandings. A multi-disciplinary approach will be utilized. Thus, research written in the tradition of law, political science, history, sociology, education, economics, public health, and psychology, among others, will be a regular feature of this series. To be sure, internal factors, that is, what goes on inside the institutional frame called schools are of signal importance to the education of African Americans. However, so too are external factors, contributing variables that originate outside of the institutional frame, that serve to impede or advance African American schooling. In this series, we will stress the centrality of race and schooling and to comprehend from both analytic and policy perspectives, the situations that increase and decrease the life chances and opportunities for African American youth.

High Leverage Practices for Intensive Interventions provides special education teachers with descriptions and practical instructions on how to use High Leverage Practices (HLPs) to improve student outcomes. Since many students with disabilities spend their school day in inclusive general education classrooms, these intensive interventions are delivered in separate or tier 3 settings to meet the students' individualized needs. Each chapter focuses on a specific High Leverage Practice with explanations of its purpose and essential components, accompanied by examples for use with small groups of students or the individual student. This accessible and comprehensive guide is key for pre-service teachers in special education programs or those who provide intensive interventions with students.

* Discusses how awareness of autism has evolved, beginning with a relatively homogenous group of patients with obvious symptoms and increasingly including a wider range of patients with less obvious symptoms and less need for support * Reviews the DSM and ICD diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder, teaching clinicians what each criterion encompasses, particularly in individuals who are less obviously autistic * Describes traits and challenges that are not part of the formal diagnostic criteria, but which commonly co-occur in autistic individuals with less obvious traits * Includes reflections from those with subtle autism who struggled to be diagnosed

Now in its second edition, Speech and Language Therapy: the decision-making process when working with children reveals how recent research and changes in health and education services have affected the decision-making process in the assessment and management of children with speech and language problems.

With individual chapters written by experts in their field, this book:

• Illustrates how the decisions made by practitioners may vary within different work settings
• Shows how these decisions may need to be adapted when working with specific client groups
• Explores how such decisions are part of effective evidence-based practice
• Offers an overview of the skills required by the developing professional
• Provides insight into working as a newly qualified therapist in the current job market.

Rigorously underpinned with current research and revised legislation, this is an important textbook for speech and language therapy students, potential students and specialist teachers in training. Speech and Language Therapy: the decision-making process when working with children will also be relevant to newly qualified therapists, therapists returning to the profession, specialist teachers and Special Educational Needs Coordinators.

The educational implications of cultural pluralism attracted a good deal of attention in Western societies in the 1970s and 1980s, on the grounds of equality and human rights, maximising national talent, and maintaining social cohesion. Maurice Craft and the international contributors to this book highlight the potential of teacher education, and in this wide-ranging analytical review for its key role in providing for ethnic minority children, in respect of access and achievements, and also for all children to acquire informed and tolerant attitudes. This book makes an important contribution to a small but growing literature, concentrating on initial rather than in-service teacher education, and it brings together papers from experienced specialists from eleven countries worldwide: Australia, Britain, Canada, Israel, Malaysia, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands and the USA. The papers are concerned with the needs both of diverse classrooms and diverse societies, and also consider general principles and comparative perspectives. Of interest to the specialist and non-specialist alike, Teacher Education in Plural Societies: An International Review deals with an important and timely issue - how best to prepare teachers to meet the needs of both minority - and majority - culture pupils who are growing up in plural societies.

Many dyslexic children are well above the average in intelligence yet their disability makes progress at school extra hard and reading is often such an effort that they are deprived of the enjoyment from books. The author describes the difficulties of these children and records some of his own experiences in trying to help them. He emphasises the relief to children and parents when at last difficulties are being understood and taken seriously. Although much has changed in our understanding of dyslexia since this book was published, it remains an important historical record of the early recognition and treatment of the condition which formed an important spring-board for subsequent progress in our understanding of dyslexia.

A large number of pupils are, or are liable to become, disaffected with their schooling. In this comprehensive account of the problem, Ken Reid suggests that school can and should do much more to prevent and overcome disaffected behaviour, as manifested by such factors as absenteeism, disruption and underachievement. The book covers disruptive behaviour in its broader context and examines the search for an explanation within schools themselves. Formal and multidisciplinary approaches to the problem are also fully treated. The author has drawn on his considerable school and research experience and the book is well illustrated with examples and case histories. Ken Reid argues that questions about attitudes and approaches in teaching and in pastoral care provoke a continued challenge, and stresses that if such questions are not faced squarely the long-germ prognosis for secondary education in Britain may be bleak. Teachers in training and all those involved in the education and welfare of difficult or disadvantaged children, especially teachers, heads and social workers, will find Disaffection from School both challenging in its analysis and helpful in its suggestions.

When originally published this book reported the first major application of labelling theory to deviance in classrooms. The authors explore the nature of classroom rules, show how they constitute a pervasive feature of the classroom, and examine the ways in which teachers use these rules as grounds for imputing deviance to pupils. A theory of social typing is developed to show how teachers come to define certain pupils as deviant persons such as troublemakers and several case-studies are used to document this analysis. Finally, the teachers reactions to disruptive classroom conduct are examined as complex strategic attempts at social control in the classroom. The book has a double focus on deviance theory and the process of teaching.

At the time of original publication, special education in Britain was permeated by an ideology of benevolent humanitarianism and this is ostensibly the moral framework within which the professionals - teachers, educational psychologists, medical officers - operate. The author widens the debate about special education by introducing sociological perspectives and considering the structural relationships that are produced both within the system and in the wider society when part of a mass education system develops separately, as 'special' rather than normal. She outlines the origin and development of special education, stressing the conflicts involved and the role played by vested interests, and criticizes the current rhetoric of 'special needs'. Among the issues and dilemmas that she identifies, the problems of selection, assessment, integration and the curriculum for special schools are discussed in details, and the position of parents, pupils and teachers within the system is examined. The author gives particular attention in a separate chapter to the problems and position of ethnic minorities.

Questions about land control have invigorated thinkers in agrarian studies and economic history since the nineteenth century. Exclusion, alienation, expropriation, dispossession, and violence animate histories of land use, property rights, and territories. More recently, agrarian environments have been transformed by processes of de-agrarianization, urbanization, migration, and new forms of primitive accumulation. Even the classic agrarian question of how the social relations of agriculture will be influenced by capitalism has been reformulated at critical historical moments, reviving or producing new debates around the importance of land control.

The authors in this volume focus on new frontiers of land control and their active creation. These frontiers are sites where established power relationships are challenged by new enclosures and property regimes, producing new social and environmental dynamics in their stead. Contributors examine labor and production processes engaged by new configurations of actors, new agrarian and environmental subjects and the networks connecting them, and new legal and violent means of challenging established or imminent land controls. Overall we find that land control still matters, though in changed degrees and manners. Land control will continue to inspire struggles for a long time.

This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Peasant Studies.

Leading on Inclusion: Dilemmas, debates and new perspectives critically examines the current theory and legislative context of special educational needs and disability, and explores the enduring issues and opportunities that will affect future practice in all schools.

The central theme throughout the book asks the inevitable question What happens next and the expert team of contributors, drawn from a pool of teachers, academics and researchers, consider wide-ranging issues such as:

• the voice of young people
• whole school development and planning for inclusion
• educational change within the context of inclusion
• the pros and cons of multi-professional working
• inclusive and ethical research
• international perspectives on inclusion, SEN and disability
• the development of teacher education and the notion of joined up thinking.

This forward-thinking and rigorously researched book will be essential reading for students, teachers undertaking school-based training, SENCOs, inclusion managers, higher education tutors and anyone with a professional interest in the future for inclusive education.

Mini-set M: Inclusion and Special Education re-issues 8 volumes originally published between 1975 and 1986. They discuss topics such as the assessment of special educational needs, comparative special education, the sociology of special education, labelling theory, deviance and education, and disruptive behaviour in schools.

Responding to disruptive or troubled pupils with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) remains a highly topical issue. The challenges these children present relate to wider issues of continuing political concern: the perceived declining discipline in schools; school and social exclusion; the limits to inclusion for children with special needs; increasing mental health difficulties in children; youth crime and parenting skills. It s little wonder that the 'EBD' (often known as BESD or SEBD ) category is one of the most common forms of SEN around the world.

This topical and exhaustively-researched Companion examines the difficulties of defining EBD, and the dangers of allocating this imprecise label to children. Bringing together the work of contributors from fifteen countries and across four continents, this book features the research of leading experts in the global field of EBD, who discuss and debate educators key concerns by:

• looking at the overlaps between EBD, ADHD and mental health difficulties;
• outlining the types of appropriate schooling for children with EBD;
• urging readers to look beyond pupils challenging behaviour in order to understand and respond to the social, biological and psychological causation;
• considering the key areas of assessment, whole-school and targeted approaches that help pupils with EBD in mainstream and in special settings;
• outlining helpful work with families, the crucial contribution of effective multi-agency working and the importance of supporting and developing teachers who work with challenging pupils.

Containing contrasting views on controversial topics, this Companion s approachable style makes it an essential reference book for academics, policy makers, practitioners, educators and students who are working towards a higher degree in education.

Over the last decade, teaching assistants (TAs) have become an established part of everyday classroom life. TAs are often used by schools to help low-attaining pupils and those with special educational needs. Yet despite the huge rise in the number of TAs working in UK classrooms, very little is known about their impact on pupils. This key and timely text examines the impact of TAs on pupils' learning and behaviour, and on teachers and teaching. The authors present the provocative findings from the ground-breaking and seminal Deployment and Impact of Support Staff (DISS) project. This was the largest, most in-depth study ever to be carried out in this field. It critically examined the effect of TA support on the academic progress of 8,200 pupils, made extensive observations of nearly 700 pupils and over 100 TAs, and collected data from over 17,800 questionnaire responses and interviews with over 470 school staff and pupils. This book reveals the extent to which the pupils in most need are let down by current classroom practice. The authors present a robust challenge to the current widespread practices concerning TA preparation, deployment and practice, structured around a conceptually and empirically strong explanatory framework. The authors go on to show how schools need to change if they are to realise the potential of TAs. With serious implications not just for classroom practice, but also whole-school, local authority and government policy, this will be an indispensable text for primary, secondary and special schools, senior management teams, those involved in teacher training and professional development, policy-makers and academics.

Playfulness is important; it creates an alternative space where emotional, cognitive and social dimensions can be explored and tested. This highly practical book explores the endless possibilities of using playful, creative and interactive activities to meaningfully engage with children with multiple learning difficulties or autistic spectrum disorders. The author presents playfulness as 'an experimental frame of mind', and encourages practitioners to play with roles, ideas, words, concepts and objects in order to enhance relationships and interventions. By providing accessible steps to playfulness, this text explores some of the contemporary issues surrounding the education of children with severe learning needs, in particular the use of 'intensive interaction'. This text considers different areas of creative interactive work for practitioners to draw inspiration from, including: Music Interactive Musical Movement Finger Dance Story and Drama Artwork Reflective Circle. The varied array of tried and tested original activities have been devised to encourage the development of social interaction, cognition, play, experimentation and creativity, in particular but not exclusively, for children whose learning needs are more complex. The author also invites teachers working in mainstream, particularly early years and primary education, to investigate the creative possibilities inherent in playfulness and to use the activities in this book to enhance the learning environment. This text offers an abundance of advice, practical strategies and tips for teachers working in special and mainstream early years and primary education. Practitioners such as therapists, care workers, community musicians and creative arts specialists will also find this book useful.

• Why are some teachers and student teachers better at managing pupil behaviour than others?
• What are the factors which make a difference to classroom climate?
• Can any teacher or student teacher become accomplished at managing pupil behaviour?

Managing Pupil Behaviour provides routes through the classroom management maze to help practising and aspiring teachers learn to manage behaviour effectively in their classrooms. Using a unique 10-point scale, it encourages teachers to think about the degree to which they are relaxed and in assured control of their classrooms and can enjoy their teaching.

Drawing on the views of over 140 teachers and 700 pupils, it provides insights into the factors which enable teachers to manage learning effectively in their classrooms, so that pupils can learn and achieve, and teachers can enjoy their work. Key issues explored include the factors that influence the working atmosphere in the classroom, the impact of that atmosphere on teaching and learning, and tensions around inclusive practice and situations where some pupils may be spoiling the learning of others.

This new edition has been fully updated to take account of recent research and inspection findings and includes a new chapter exploring the wide range of sophisticated skills that expert teachers deploy in order to get pupils to want to learn, and to enable teachers to work in classrooms where the climate is perfect for learning.

Managing Pupil Behaviour will help all teachers ensure the right to learn for all the pupils in their care and to think about different ways to approach this vitally important aspect of their working lives.

Biliteracy - the use of two or more languages in and around writing - is an inescapable feature of lives and schools worldwide, yet one which many educational policies and practices continue to ignore. The study of the continua of biliteracy in the present volume seeks to offer a comprehensive yet flexible model to guide educators, researchers and policy-makers in designing, carrying out and evaluating educational programmes for the development of bilingual and multilingual learners, each programme adapted to its own specific context, media and contents.

Special educators are facing new challenges at the beginning of the 21st century as public education is being reformed by a vision focusing on measurable student outcomes. The future course of the field will be shaped by the policy and programmatic responses to several issues, including demographic changes in student populations, a lack of certified special education teachers, criticism in the public media for the rising costs of services, and debates about the preferred philosophy of service delivery for students with disabilities. Additional chapters discuss university-school collaboration, charter schools, disability studies, school violence, disproportionality in placement, male African-American teachers, and ethics. This book has been written out of a context of research and program development activities with public schools over the past decade in one of the largest Colleges of Education in a diverse metropolitan area in the country. The issues selected for analysis and the perspective guiding those analyses grew out of this work and out of a national Delphi study of the views of parents and constituent organizations and leading researchers, teacher educators, and policy makers in Special Education.

Schools that want to be world class are now paying attention to the findings from neuroscience and psychology that tell us we can build better brains. They are changing their mindset, expecting success for far more students and no longer being constrained by ideas of genetic potential. High Performance Learning provides readers with a ground-breaking and approachable model for achieving high levels of academic performance for all students and schools. It takes what is known about how people reach advanced cognitive performance and translates it into a practical and user-friendly framework, which can be used with all students to systematically build the cognitive thinking skills and learner behaviours that will deliver success in school, in the workplace and in later life. Flexible and adaptable, High Performance Learning can be used in any context, with any curriculum and at any age. It does not require separate lessons but rather becomes the underpinning pedagogy of the school. Drawing on the author's 40 years of research into how the most able students think and learn, this book provides a framework that has been extensively trialled in schools in eleven countries. . Themes include: Creating world class schools The High Performance Learning environment The High Performance Learning framework Advanced Cognitive Performance characteristics (ACPs) Values, Attitudes and Attributes (VAAs) Creating and leading a High Performance Learning school The role of parents, universities and employers. This invaluable resource will help schools make the move from good to world class and will be essential reading for school leaders, teachers and those with an interest in outstanding academic performance.

Introducing creativity to the classroom is a concern for teachers, governments and future employers around the world, and there has been a drive to make experiences at school more exciting, relevant, challenging and dynamic for all young people, ensuring they leave education able to contribute to the global creative economy. Creative Learning to Meet Special Needs shows teachers how to use creativity in the curriculum for key stages 2 and 3 to support the learning of pupils with special educational needs in a way which effectively engages them and leaves a lasting impact on their school experiences and later lives. Describing the different ways in which a creative approach can help pupils with SEN access the curriculum, with activities and practical materials for teachers, this book will explain: why creativity is central to making the curriculum accessible how to use personalised learning with pupils with SEN how to promote achievements and motivation through creative experiences how the curriculum can be extended and represented in innovative ways for pupils with SEN how to use interactive methods of teaching and alternative methods of communication. Providing case studies and examples of the ways in which teachers have delivered the curriculum creatively to pupils with special educational needs, this book is an invaluable guide for all those involved in teaching and engaging young people with special needs.

From the critique of 'the medical model' of disability undertaken during the early and mid-1990s, a 'social model' emerged, particularly in the caring professions and those trying to shape policy and practice for people with disability. In education and schooling, it was a period of cementing inclusive practices and the 'integration' and inclusion of disability into 'mainstream'. What was lacking in the debates around the social model, however, were the challenges to abledness that were being grappled with in the routine and pragmatics of self-care by people with disabilities, their families, carers and caseworkers. Outside the academy, new forms of activity and new questions were circulating. Challenges to abledness flourished in the arts and constituted the lived experience of many disability activists. Disability Matters engages with the cultural politics of the body, exploring this fascinating and dynamic topic through the arts, teaching, research and varied encounters with 'disability' ranging from the very personal to the professional. Chapters in this collection are drawn from scholars responding in various registers and contexts to questions of disability, pedagogy, affect, sensation and education. Questions of embodiment, affect and disability are woven throughout these contributions, and the diverse ways in which these concepts appear emphasize both the utility of these ideas and the timeliness of their application. This book was originally published as a special issue of Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education.

Outlines process for designing student experiences rather than lesson plans; Provides space for reflection questions and key takeaways; Written in a refreshing conversational tone.

Until this book was published, most writing on special education was about specific disabilities and how to cope with them. This book, however, considers the broader context, looking at many problems for the wider system that have arisen through integration of special education within it. The book is international and comparative in its focus and includes much North American material and work by North American researchers.