The book gives an account of results obtained from experiments where grafts of neuronal, glial and other tissues as well as artificial materials were placed into the spinal cord. It attempts to evaluate the contributions made by these studies to our understanding of basic neurobiologies questions. These include factors that regulate neuronal growth during development as well as regenera tion following injury to the nervous system. The model of neural transplanta tion is also useful for the study of cell-to-cell interactions, and this applies to interactions between glial cells and neurones, between various populations of neuronal cells and finally between axons and skeletal muscle fibres. The mecha nisms involved in the establishment of specific synaptic connections between neurones can also be investigated in this experimental paradigm. Important in formation regarding this issue was also obtained on systems other than the spinal cord, i. e. the cerebellum, hippocampus and striatum. Although such in formation of precise connections between the host and the grafted embryonic tissue is still lacking in the spinal cord, there is much information on the re sponse of the host nervous system to the grafted embryonic tissue, and that of the graft to its new host environment. It appears that embryonic grafts are able to induce repair processes follow ing injury to the nervous system.

Bile duct injuries (BDI) are considered the most serious surgical complication associated with cholecystectomy. According to different reports, its incidence has remained constant over the years, ranging from 0.1% to 0.9%. BDI is associated with a greater risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality, a reduction in the quality of life, and a decrease in long-term survival. Also, this complication is a concern to surgeons since its progression is uncertain and may lead to demands on professional responsibility ("malpractice") and emotional and physical consequences ("second victim"). Given that injuries in a high percentage of patients are initially unsuspected, the postoperative recovery may be prolonged, and the possibility of a successful repair reduced. Several surgical, endoscopic, and percutaneous procedures may be necessary to manage the lesions and to treat coexisting complications. BDI patients often undergo several repair attempts before successful resolution. This affects their quality of life and has a high psychological, physical, and mental impact due to the prolonged, complex, and unexpected nature of the injury. This currently represents a frequent problem in specialized referral centers or hepatobilopancreatic surgery units, where patients arrive with the sequelae of previous inadequate treatments. Usually, these patients require more elaborate procedures such as reoperations, liver resections and liver transplantation. The prevention, early diagnosis, and adequate treatment in the first approach is of crucial importance to ensure good long-term results. Therefore, this book is an essential resource for surgeons who perform cholecystectomy or treat BDI patients. It provides practical information and a comprehensive review on prevention and proper management, including complex cases. Readers will find contributions by experienced authors from a multidisciplinary and reference team in the management of BDI patients.

Lung Transplantation is covered in detail in this important issue of the Thoracic Surgery Clinics. Articles include: Candidacy for Lung Transplant and Lung Allocation; ECMO as Bridge to Lung Transplant; Single Versus Double Lung Transplant: Do Guidelines Exist?; Extending the Donor Pool: Donation After Cardiac Death; Extending the Donor Pool: Rehabilitation of Poor Organs; Bronchial Artery Revascularization; Anastomotic Airway Complications Following Lung Transplantation: Implications and Interventions; Pleural Space Complications Associated with Lung Transplantation; Reflux and Allograft Dysfunction, Is there a Connection?; Artificial Lungs: Are We There Yet?; and more.

This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, guest edited by Drs. Bipin Savani and Mohamad Mohty, is devoted to Bone Marrow Transplantation. Articles in this issue include: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML); Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL); Myelodysplastic Syndrome (AML); Myeloproliferative disorders (MPD); Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia; Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML); Multiple Myeloma and Amyloidosis; Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL); Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL); Severe Aplastic Anemia (SAA) and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH); Sickle Cell Anemia; Thalassemia; Benign immunodeficiency diseases; and Referral to transplant centers.

Mathematical Approaches to Liver Transplantation provides mathematical approaches to the optimization of liver graft distribution. Through mathematical and computational methods, several aspects related to organ allocation are tackled, with possible solutions presented. The book discusses topics such as patient selection for liver transplantation, transplantation procedures, dynamics of organs waiting list, improvement on grafts allocation, live donors and MELD scale. The content focuses on liver transplantation, however the mathematical approaches presented can be successfully replicated to different organs. This book is a valuable source for mathematical biologists, bioinformaticians, and several members of biomedical field who are involved in decision-making related to organs transplantation.

An important review on transplantation for the general surgeon! Topics include: kidney transplant, left lobe liver transplants, advances in lung transplantation, stem cell and cellular transplants, pancreatectomy, management of organ failure, transplant immune suppression, antibody mediated rejection, cardiac assist devices, organ perfusion and preservation, weight reduction therapy, organ allocation and distribution, and more!

Techniques in Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty is the one authoritative volume that gives you an efficient, problem-based approach to revision arthroplasty of both the hip and knee. Dr. Giles Scuderi and other leading experts from North America and Western Europe present their favored surgical procedures and post-surgical management strategies in this straightforward, heavily illustrated, video-intensive reference. It's your one-stop, go-to guide for successful revision surgery for a myriad of complications, such as implant loosening, polyethylene wear, osteolysis, or infection of the hip and knee. Get expert guidance on implant choice, management of complications (including infection and wound healing), and failure of mechanisms, as well as step-by-step surgical techniques. Quickly find the exact information you need with a straightforward "just what you need to know" approach, including surgical tips and pearls. Stay up to date with new insights regarding anatomic landmarks, recommended reconstruction options in revision surgery, including management of bone defects and instability. Access the fully searchable contents of the book and an abundance of surgical videos online at Expert Consult.

This issue of Progress in Brain Research is split over 2 volumes, bringing together cutting-edge research on Functional Neural Transplantation. The 2 volumes review current knowledge and understanding, provide a starting point for researchers and practitioners entering the field, and build a platform for further research and discovery.
Leading authors review the state-of-the-art in their field of investigation, and provide their views and perspectives for future research
Chapters are extensively referenced to provide readers with a comprehensive list of resources on the topics covered
All chapters include comprehensive background information and are written in a clear form that is also accessible to the non-specialist

World-renown expert, Dr. Paul Martin, has assembled an impressive list of authors to update the important topic of orthotopic liver transplantation. The issue provides comprehensive clinical coverage on this topics as articles are focused from the care of the pre-transplant patient to the care of the post-transplant patient. Content also covers the following topics: Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma;
Transplantation for Cholangiocarcinoma; Management of Renal Dysfunction in Liver Transplant Patients; Expanded Donors in Liver Transplantation; Current Status of Liver Transplantation for HBV; MELD: End of the First Decade; and Management of Recurrent HCV Infection.

The History and Evolution of Hand Transplantation, World Experience After More Than a Decade of Clinical Hand Transplantation, How to Establish a Hand Transplant Program, Recipient Selection - Who is the Right Candidate for Hand Transplantation? Donor-related Issues in Hand Transplantation, Surgical and Technical Aspects of Hand Transplantation - Is it Just Another Replant? Functional Outcome After Hand Transplantation - What can be Achieved? Strategies to Enhance Nerve Regeneration, Immunosuppressive Protocols and Immunological Challenges Related to Hand Transplantation, Acute and Chronic Rejection in Hand Transplantation - What have we Learned? Favoring the Risk Benefit Balance for Hand Transplantation - The Pittsburgh Approach Ethical, Financial and Policy Considerations of Hand Transplantation

This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest edited by Robert Kotloff, focuses on the topics of Lung Transplantation. Articles include: Candidate Selection, Timing of Listing, and Choice of Procedure for Lung Transplantation; Lung Allocation in the United States, Selection and Management of the Lung Donor; Novel Approaches to Expanding the Lung Donor Pool: Donation After Cardiac Death and Ex Vivo Conditioning; Extracorporeal Life Support as a Bridge to Lung Transplantation; Survival and Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Lung Transplant; Primary Graft Dysfunction; Acute Allograft Rejection: Cellular and Humoral Processes, and more!

This issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics, Guest Edited by Darlene Lovasik, RN, MN, CCRN, CNRN, will feature such article topics as: Evaluation and Work-up for Transplant; Basic Immunology; Pharmacology; Liver, Pancreas, Kidney Transplants; Living Donor Kideny, Liver Transplants; Heart, Lung, Intestinal and Multivisceral Transplants; Complications After Transplant; Patient Education; Psychosocial Concerns; Ethical Issue; Financial/Operational Considerations; Organ Donation.

Optimization of Outcomes for Children After Solid Organ Transplantation is reviewed in this issue of Pediatric Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Vicky Lee Ng and Sandy Feng. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles addressing Renal, Liver, Heart, Lung, and Small Bowel Transplantation in Children; Immunosuppression Armamentarium in 2010: Mechanistic and Clinical Considerations; Tolerance: Is it achievable in Pediatric Solid Organ Transplantation?; Optimizing Growth, Rehabilitation, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children after Solid Organ Transplantation; Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Issues after Solid Organ Transplantation in Children; Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease; Non-Immune Complications Post-Transplantation?; Health-Related Quality of Life after Pediatric Transplantation; Adolescence and Adherence Issues of the Pediatric Solid Organ Recipient; Transition of Care of the Pediatric Solid Organ Recipient to Adult Care Teams; And Most Commonly Asked Questions from Parents of Transplant Families.

Transplant and oncology patients present a challenge to the infectious disease specialist because many of the entities that infect them are hard to diagnose.? Chemotherapy may further complicate the situation, since it may contraindicate a biopsy or interfere with antibiotic therapy. This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics provides specific information on several entities with the purpose of helping physicians to best treat these difficult infections.

The subject of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation is reviewed in this issue of Pediatric Clinics. Guest Editors Drs. Max Coppes, Terry Fry, and Crystal Mackall have assembled a panel of experts who offer reviews on topics including Allogeneic BMT for leukemia, GVL in pediatric leukemia, Stem cell source and outcome following BMT in children, Acute GVHD in children, Chronic GVHD in children, BMT for Hemoglobinopathies, BMT for immunodeficiency, BMT for rheumatologic disorders and other benign diseases, Autologous and Allogeneic BMT for solid tumors, Late effects following BMT, Cell therapies/vaccines for malignancy and infections, BMT for metabolic disorders, BMT for bone marrow failure syndromes, and Immunotherapy in the context of SCT.

A guide to the practice of stem cell transplantation, its status in the treatment of various disorders and the problems that arise after transplantation, aimed at the whole transplant team. An up to date guide to best practice in the use of stem cell transplantation, covering current status in the treatment of malignant and non-malignant conditions, practical aspects and problems such as infection and graft versus host disease. Has a practical, accessible approach with free use of algorithms, list tables. Aimed at the whole transplant team - this is an interdisciplinary field. International contributor team with editors in the UK and USA. Illustrated in colour throughout.

This disorder transcends multiple disciplines and demands a team approach to improve knowledge and treatment. The highly experienced internationally recognized authors have updated every section and added many new chapters, including some on genetic abnormalities in virus and host seen in PTLDs. In this successor edition, there is a completely new section on PTLDs after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The newest PTLD classifications and current treatment paradigms that reflect recently conducted international trials are fully incorporated. As technologies have advanced, this book provided state-of-the-art new diagnostic and prognostic information. Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders 2nd Edition is designed to be a valuable reference for oncologists and all transplant professionals, such as surgeons, nephrologists, cardiologists, hepatologists/gastroenterologists, pulmonologists, infectious disease specialists, pathologists, as well as interns and residents in training in these specialists. It provides these professionals with comprehensive and up-to-date information that guides their management of transplant patients before and after transplant, with and without PTLD.

Over the past decade in the United States, nearly 6,000 people a year have died waiting for organ transplants. In 2003 alone, only 20,000 out of the 83,000 waiting for transplants received them - in anyone's eyes, a tragedy. Many of these deaths could have been prevented, and many more lives saved, were it not for the almost universal moral hand wringing over the concept of selling human organs. Bioethicist Mark Cherry explores the why of these well-intentioned misperceptions and legislation and boldly deconstructs the roadblocks that are standing in the way of restoring health to thousands of people. If most Americans accept the notion that the market is the most efficient means to distribute resources, why should body parts be excluded? Kidney for Sale by Owner contends that the market is indeed a legitimate - and humane - way to procure and distribute human organs. Cherry stakes the claim that it may be even more just, and more compatible with many Western religious and philosophical traditions, than the current charity-based system now in place. assertions based on the moral views of John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and Thomas Aquinas, and shows these claims to be steeped in myth, oversimplification, and contorted logic. Rather than focusing on purported human exploitation and the irrational moral repugnance of selling organs, Cherry argues that we should focus on saving lives. Following on the thinking of the philosopher Robert Nozick, he demonstrates that, with regard to body parts, the important core humanitarian values of equality, liberty, altruism, social solidarity, human dignity, and, ultimately, improved health care are more successfully supported by a regulated market rather than by well meant but misguided, prohibitions.

This book provides up-to-date, clinically relevant information on a range of complex issues relating to supportive care strategies for the recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation. The topics addressed include the prevention, recognition, and treatment of transplant-related side effects; management of pretransplant comorbidities; supportive care for specific age groups; quality of life issues in patients who experience graft-versus-host disease; mental and spiritual health care; caregiver and healthcare provider support strategies; and important issues related to end of life care. The aim is to supply hematologists, oncologists, transplant specialists, and palliative care physicians with practical knowledge that can be immediately applied in patient care to optimize transplant-related outcomes. The book's format, which offers concise, non-exhaustive coverage of these and other unique topics, is supplemented by a wealth of working tables, algorithms, and figures, ensuring that it will also serve hematology, oncology and transplant trainees as a reliable companion during their daily work. The authors are world-renowned experts in the field of hematopoietic transplantation and palliative care medicine, and present well-reasoned opinions based on their own experiences and draw attention to relevant results from potentially high-impact clinical trials.

Lung Transplantation: Principles and Practice covers the current practice in donor and recipient management as well as current treatment strategies and outcomes. With 39 chapters from international experts in the field, the book is divided into four broad sections: General Topics, Donor Management, Recipient Management and Outcome, and the Future of Lung Transplantation. The book discusses significant advances achieved in the past decade in areas such as donor allocation, organ preservation and management, recipient selection, management and support, surgical and critical care techniques, immune suppression, and infection prophylaxis. Specific instances of pulmonary disease that commonly necessitate lung transplantation are also covered. Generously illustrated in full color, this valuable resource is relevant to both specialists and other providers who may refer or care for patients before and after transplantation.

This title provides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art summary of current and future immunosuppressive strategies in transplantation, with emphasis on the basic science mechanisms and clinical applicability of these strategies. The uniqueness of this book is the inclusion of up-to-date information on the basic mechanisms of actions of the immunosuppressive drugs as well as a summary of the clinical trials data and the potential use of these drugs in clinical organ transplantation. In addition to describing the various immunosuppressive strategies, the book has three special features, including immunosuppression in xenotransplantation, gene therapy approaches, and transplantation tolerance. A group of outstanding investigators have been assembled to write the chapters. The book is intended for the transplant professional and the specialist who wants to stay abreast of the current status of immunosuppression in organ transplantation. The book is also useful for basic scientists who work in the field of transplantation immunology.

Eine Alternative zu den etablierten Transplantationsmethoden konnte die Xenotransplantation sein, bei der von zu diesem Zweck gezuchteten, moglicherweise auch genetisch veranderten Tieren die benotigten Gewebe gewonnen werden konnten. Die vorliegende Studie ist das Arbeitsergebnis einer interdisziplinar zusammengesetzten Projektgruppe, die den aktuellen Stand der Xenotransplantationsmethodik und -technologie untersuchte und ihre Verwendung fur medizinische Zwecke beurteilte. Ausgehend von einer Analyse der Situation in der Transplantationsmedizin und einer Diskussion der Alternativen zur Allotransplantation werden in der vorliegenden Studie unter medizinischen, immunologischen, physiologischen, genetischen, virologischen, ethischen, rechtlichen und okonomischen Aspekten Anwendungsbedingungen und -moglichkeiten der Xenotransplantation gepruft und Handlungsempfehlungen fur die weitere Entwicklung der Xenotransplantation gegeben.