Globalisation is heavily dependent on physical transport, as people and goods travel over longer distances and with higher frequency. Movement and mobility have become integrated parts of late modern identity and practice, and a state of flux can be sensed everywhere. Bringing together the latest interdisciplinary theoretical approaches with empirical case studies analysing and appraising innovative policies from Scandinavia, this volume demonstrates that mobility research is a key issue within social enquiry. It addresses three broad themes. Firstly, mobility as a constructed social reality, examining how individuals construct notions of mobility in their everyday life and practice. Secondly, mobility as spatial co-ordination and transgression, and finally, mobility as a policy theme, where the contributors explore recent developments in transport policy at national and European levels, suggesting ways forward for both research and policy. In the final section of the book new visions for research into sustainability and mobility are laid out.

Safety is more than the absence of accidents. Safety has the goal of transforming the levels of risk that are inherent in all human activity, while its interdisciplinary nature extends its influence far into most corporate management and government regulatory actions. Yet few engineers have attended a safety course, conference or even a lecture in the area, suggesting that those responsible for the safe construction and operation of complex high-risk socio-technical systems are inadequately prepared. This book is designed to meet the expressed needs of aviation safety management trainees for a practical and concise education supplement to the safety literature. Written in a highly readable and accessible style, its features include: c detailed analysis of the forward-looking System Safety approach, with its focus on accident prevention; c classification of transportation safety literature into distinct schools of thought (Tort Law, Reliability Engineering, System Safety Engineering); c real world, practical, illustrations of the theory; c the history, theory and practice of safety management ; c inter-disciplinary thinking about safety . The flying public is faced with a bewildering array of aviation safety data from a diverse and ever increasing number of sources. This book is an essential guide to the available information, and a major contribution to the international public debate on aviation safety.

Interdisciplinary contributors from across Europe and the USA join together in this book to provide a timely overview of the latest theories and policies related to transport networks. They cover topical issues such as: environmental benefits of substitution of aviation by high speed trains; incident management; impacts of aviation deregulation; and time savings in freight transport. The book also breaks new ground on the development of new methods of cost benefit analysis and other approaches in policy analysis.

The governments of several countries are in the process of reforming their regulatory regimes for the railways, and there is much debate about the appropriate regulation of transport in general and railways in particular--especially in light of environmental concerns about traffic congestion and air pollution and economic concerns about the financing of infrastructure and services. This volume investigates how Britain and Germany regulated their railways at three different points in time over the past century: after the First World War, after the Second World War, and in the 1990s. Its central focus is the design of regulatory regimes and the impact of institutional factors on the selection of design ideas and on processes of isomorphism. By placing a comparative analysis of regulatory design in a historical context and an institutional framework, the author contributes to the current debate on the emergence of the regulatory state in the late 20th century.

The overarching research topic addressed in this book is the complex and multifaceted interaction between infrastructural accessibility/connectivity of city-regions on the one hand and knowledge generation in these city-regions on the other hand. To this end, the book brings together chapters analysing how infrastructural accessibility is related to changing patterns of business location of knowledge-intensive industries in city-regions. The chapters in this book specifically dwell on recent manifestations of and developments in the accessibility/knowledge-nexus, with a particular metageographical focus on how this materializes in major city-regions. In the different chapters, this shifting relation is broached from different perspectives (seaports, airports, brainports), at different scales (ranging from global-scale analyses to case studies), and by adopting a variety of methodologies (straddling the wide variety of methodological approaches currently adopted in human geography research). Researchers contributing to this edited volume come from different scholarly backgrounds (sociology, human geography, regional planning), which allows for a varied treatise of this research topic.

Globalization is a pervasive feature of recent industrial and commercial developments, not least in the airline business with concomitant effects on human resource management. This book focuses on the organization and human resource changes that have taken place in the international airline industry in recent years. It provides an extensive analysis of airline organization and external relations, airline organization and internal relations, changes in industrial relations and human resource management and also, the integration of human resource management and other management functions. The authoritative second edition of an already established work that covers both theory and practice, this book will be of great interest to managers in all areas of the airline industry, as well as to students of air transport and personnel/human resource management.

This book provides a critical overview of the relationships between planning and railway management and development during the key period in the 20th Century when the railway was in public ownership: 1948-94. It assesses the strength of the relationships when working in collaboration with the private sector. The book then focuses on the interplay between planning and railway since privatization in 1994 and points to best practice for the future in institutional structures and policy development to secure improved outcomes.

Reflecting the dynamic relationships between socio-technical behaviour and change, this book presents leading research on the transition process needed to achieve more sustainable transport systems. Focusing on making transition happen, this volume looks at various aspects and factors that are involved in the transition process and their implications for transport policy-making. The concept of Transition Management and how it can be applied to the transport sector is considered in detail, and forms the focus of the first part of the volume. The rest of the book is organised according to the three themes of transport energy use and emissions, the role of information in policy-making, and the evaluation of transport policy. This volume brings together scholars involved in research from various disciplines and countries to discuss the relationships between policy instruments, individual behaviour, institutional practices and the transition towards more sustainable transport systems.

Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen brings together the different stakeholders and disciplines that are involved in the conception and implementation of TOD to provide a comprehensive overview of the realization of this concept in Australia, North America, Asia and Europe. The book identifies the challenges facing TOD and through a series of key international case studies demonstrates ways to overcome and avoid them. The insights gleaned from these encompass policy and regulation, urban design solutions, issues for local governance, the need to work with community and the commercial realities of TOD.

With all levels of governments currently, and for the foreseeable future, under significant fiscal stress, any new transit funding mechanism is to be welcomed. Value capture (VC) is one such mechanism, which involves the identification and capture of a public infrastructure-led increase in property value. This book reviews four major VC mechanisms: joint development projects; special assessment districts; impact fees; and tax increment financing; all of which are used to fund transit in the United States. Through the study of prominent examples of these VC mechanisms from across the US, this book evaluates their performance focusing on aspects such as equity, revenue-generating potential, stakeholder support, and the legal and policy environment. It also conducts a comparative assessment of VC mechanisms to help policy makers and practitioners to choose one, or a combination of VC mechanisms. Although the book focuses on the US, the use of the VC mechanisms and the urgent need for additional revenue to fund public transportation are world-wide concerns. Therefore, an overview of the VC mechanisms in use internationally is also provided.

Sustainable mobility is a qualitative, vague and normative vision. Although this vagueness is often criticized and seen as a drawback it also allows diverse stakeholders to commit to the goal of sustainable mobility. It allows for consensus, which can also help achieve a transport system that enables mobility for current and future generations. The goal of sustainable mobility is an ambitious one and requires a long-term and process-oriented perspective. With this in mind, this volume examines sustainable mobilities from multiple angles varying by time, region, cultural and economic backgrounds, local stakeholders and governance structures. By achieving a better understanding of mobility behaviour and mobility needs in different contexts this book develops innovative strategies and advances modelling approaches which evaluate these strategies. Presented here is not an ideal package of strategies to achieve sustainable mobility but rather innovations in the different disciplines and fields to show how each of them can contribute to keeping all people mobile - today and in the future.

Waterfronts Revisited addresses the historical evolution of the relationship between port and city and re-examines waterfront development by looking at the urban territory and historical city in their complexity and entirety. By identifying guiding values, urban patterns and typologies, and local needs and experiences, cities can break the isolation of the harbor by reconnecting it to the urban structure; its functions, spaces and forms. Using the UNESCO recommendation for the "Historic Urban Landscape" as the guiding concept and a tool for managing urban preservation and change, this collection of essays illustrates solutions to issues of globalisation, commercialization of space and commoditisation of culture in waterfront development. Through sixteen selected case studies, Editors Heleni Porfyriou and Marichela Sepe offer planners and urban designers a broad spectrum of alternative solutions to waterfront regeneration interventions and redevelopments, addressing sustainability, regional cultural diversity, and the debate between conservation and transformation.

Low Cost Carriers (LCCs) have become an integral part of today's air transport and tourism industries. Originating in the United States, the low-cost concept has subsequently been adopted by airlines on all continents. LCCs in Europe and North America, and to some extent in Asia, have already been well covered by academic literature. However, scientific publications on the topic of LCCs in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand are scarce. This volume provides the first comprehensive overview of developments, the legal framework and the current situation of the low-cost carrier phenomenon across the globe. It contains a dozen chapters, each dedicated to a region, all written by highly experienced and renowned experts from around the world. The Low Cost Carrier Worldwide is written primarily for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers and practitioners within the fields of aviation, transport and tourism.

Key metaphors in world-system analysis are profoundly spatial, but there have been few attempts to understand how space, location, and topography affect world-system organization and process. To fill this gap, this book examines case studies of the restructuring of space and transport in core, semiperipheral, and peripheral economies. It addresses such topics as the role of ocean transport in linking terrestrially based units of the capitalist world economy, the role of land transport systems in the construction and restructuring of relationships between raw materials peripheries and core economies, and the role of the airplane in transforming and representing changing spatial, economic, and social relations in the capitalist world economy. World-systems theory and many other perspectives on the world economy, including international political economy and analysis of globalization, typically pay only limited attention to issues of space, location, and the role of transportation in the world economy. This book identifies key theoretical and empirical issues and provides the basis for formulating research strategies to address this gap in our understanding.

High-speed Rail (HSR) is a technological transportation advance that has raised the interest of policy makers and researchers worldwide. The study of High-speed Rail is a recent phenomenon but has received increasing attention due to the extension of this mode of transportation around the globe. Evaluating High-Speed Rail contains some of the most recent and cutting edge studies on HSR from different disciplines. The book is organized around a variety of key topics related to the evaluation of High Speed Rail projects and experiences. These topics include: the economic appraisal and evaluation of High-Speed Rail projects; the evaluation of indirect and direct effects of High-Speed Rail; its territorial, redistributive and environmental impacts; its contribution or limitation to urban growth; and the management of challenges created by the arrival of High-Speed Rail lines to core cities. It also covers the contribution of High-Speed Rail to tourism and its impact on intermodal competition, with especial consideration to air transportation. Chapters analyse the expected effects of introducing on-track competition and designing public-private contracts to develop new lines. This cutting-edge volume offers rigorous analysis from top researchers in the field with a clear intention to deliver policy implications and provide the latest analysis on the impact of High Speed Rail. This book is suitable for students and academics interested in transportation infrastructure, economic impacts of public investments, mobility, planning and urban affairs, as well as researchers and policy makers in the transportation and infrastructure sector.

Global Airlines: Competition in a Transnational Industry presents an overview of the changing scene in air transport covering current issues such as security, no frills airlines, 'open skies' agreements, the outcome of the recent downturn in economic activity and the emergence of transnational airlines, and takes a forward looking view of these challenges for the industry.
Since the publication of the second edition in 1999 major changes have occurred in the industry. The 'rules of the game' in air transport are now beginning to change; and it is time to take the story forward. This third edition contains nine new chapters and tackles the following issues amongst others:
* Security: The tragic events of 11 September 2001, followed by the war in Iraq, and the resultant heightened tensions over security and passenger safety.
* Financial instability: the cyclical downturn in economic activity has led some airlines to the verge of bankruptcy. Even some large well-established carriers are not immune from this. How can the industry look to survive?
* Attaining global reach: implications of transborder mergers, open skies agreements and the transatlantic Common Aviation area. Can full globalisation ever be reached?
* Low-cost carriers and e-commerce: as both increase, how much the industry re-structure and deal with issues associated with increased passenger traffic and decreased labour requirements?
* Airport capacity: Air traffic is estimated to grow at a long-term average annual rate of 5 per cent per annum. But many airports in many parts of the world are already reaching their capacity limits. How can this be overcome and are the environmental implications?
Usingup to date data and case studies from major international airlines such as United Airlines, British Airways, and Qantas amongst many others, Global Airlines provides a comprehensive insight into today's global airline industry.
* Addresses the critical issues in the development of the airline industry and considers options for airline strategies and government policies
* Updated to reflect recent developments including security issues, no frills airlines, 'open skies' agreements and the recent downturn in economic activity, and what this means for the future of the industry.
* Facts and theories are interwoven throughout the text

First published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Creative Ropecraft is a wonderful collection of practical nautical knots and decorative ropework. Anyone tempted to try their hand at this will be able to follow the steps easily thanks to Stuart Grainger's exquisite and clear drawings. This brand new, fully updated edition has a foreword, revisions, and tips from knotting expert, Des Pawson. Readers can learn how to tie and use a wide variety of knots, both practical and elaborate, including: crown and wall knots turk's heads door knockers hammocks mats belts cuff links table lamps rope-edged trays and much more. This book will be beautifully presented in a larger format, in full colour, and with new photography and material from Des Pawson. It will now sit comfortably alongside the successful Knot Craft and Rope Mats. Reviews of the previous edition: 'The best fancy knotting book...only when you've tried can you know just how good.' Knotting Matters 'Essential for any knot tyer's library. Stuart Grainger's illustrations are a joy to use, both for their beauty and clarity of instruction.' Des Pawson Reviews of Des Pawson: 'When it comes to personal ropecraft, Des Pawson is the master.' Yachting Times 'there really is no one better to publish a book on knot design than Des Pawson.' Towpath Talk

Inland waterways are a host for a mode of transport that is not as visible to the general public or as used as it once was. It is, however, generally perceived to be very important to our freight transport system today, although a closer look into the inland waterway transport system rebuts this perception and reveals the strengths and opportunities of this mode of transportation. This book gives the reader a thorough understanding of the current role of inland waterway transport as a freight transport system and its conditions. Drawing on case studies from across Europe, this text explores the economic, logistic, and technological and policy issues related to inland waterway transport and the challenges that changes in these areas present to this transport mode. It also explores the strategies for the inland waterway transport sector to secure and then enlarge its role in the future of freight transport. Inland Waterway Transport will be an invaluable source for students and researchers of transport studies. In addition, the book will be useful to policymakers and practitioners involved in its development. It may also appeal to wider readers with an interest in the fascinating business of inland waterway transport.

Transport Justice develops a new paradigm for transportation planning based on principles of justice. Author Karel Martens starts from the observation that for the last fifty years the focus of transportation planning and policy has been on the performance of the transport system and ways to improve it, without much attention being paid to the persons actually using - or failing to use - that transport system. There are far-reaching consequences of this approach, with some enjoying the fruits of the improvements in the transport system, while others have experienced a substantial deterioration in their situation. The growing body of academic evidence on the resulting disparities in mobility and accessibility, have been paralleled by increasingly vocal calls for policy changes to address the inequities that have developed over time. Drawing on philosophies of social justice, Transport Justice argues that governments have the fundamental duty of providing virtually every person with adequate transportation and thus of mitigating the social disparities that have been created over the past decades. Critical reading for transport planners and students of transportation planning, this book develops a new approach to transportation planning that takes people as its starting point, and justice as its end.

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Longshoremen stand at the nexus of the global economy, handling nearly every cargo container that enters or leaves any country. Even in the face of cargo acontainerizationa in the 70s and 80s, a development that decimated longshore unions, they have managed to win contracts that provide health benefits and high wages.

On the Global Waterfront tells the story of how longshoremen in South Carolina confronted attempts to wipe out the stateas most powerful black organization. When a Danish shipping company began to shift their transportation to a nonunion firm in 1999, Local 1422 in Charleston, South Carolina, mobilized to protect their hard-won rights. What followed culminated in a protest in which 660 riot police were deployed against fifty dockworkers, a group that grew to 150 before the night was over. Four black and one white longshoreman -- subsequently known as the Charleston 5 -- were held for twenty months under house arrest on trumped-up felony charges of inciting a riot.

Within the politically conservative, racially charged, and intensely religious climate of the South, the unassuming local union president, Ken Riley -- supported behind the scenes by a militant AFL-CIO staffer -- crafted an international, grassroots campaign in defense of the arrested longshoremen. From Australia to Europe to Korea to the entire west coast of the United States, longshoremen threatened to shut down ports jeopardizing billions of dollars in trade per day. Their ultimate success vaulted Riley, and his reform-minded coworkers, to higher leadership in a notoriously corrupt union, and laid the foundation for successful rebuffs in ports around the world. On the GlobalWaterfront explores in detail a local conflict and in the process exposes the powers that rule the United States and the global economy. This compelling narrative of a local struggle, a transformed union leader, and a newly energized international worker movement highlights the resounding importance of the international labor movement that is not only still vital, but still capable of stopping global commerce on a dime.

Much work has been done on port governance yet little has addressed intermodal terminal governance, despite the clear similarities. This book fills that gap by establishing a governance framework for situating analysis of intermodal terminals throughout their life cycle. A version of the product life cycle theory is amended with governance theory to produce a framework covering each stage of the terminal's life cycle, from the initial planning to the many decisions taken regarding the public/private split in funding mechanisms, ownership, selecting an operator, specifying KPIs to the operator, setting fees, earning profit, ensuring fair access to all rail service operators, and finally to reconcessioning the terminal to a new operator, managing the handover and maintaining the terminal throughout its life cycle. An institutional analysis of stakeholder relations, situated within a governance framework, illuminates these issues and enables not only conceptualisation and greater understanding of the geography of intermodal transport, but also decision-making and goal-setting by planners and policy makers. This book thus has three functions: first, as a textbook on the planning and operation of intermodal terminals; second, as a presentation of recent empirical research on intermodal terminal governance; third, as a framework for future research in which the broad field of analysis of intermodal transport can be viewed through a single lens and used to inform geographers, policymakers and planners.

Safety and Security at Sea is concerned with the safe operation of ships and consequently with preventing errors and oversights. This book contributes to safety where it is most effective - right at the site of work, on board the ship itself. It is here, indisputably, that it will prevent accidents and save lives. It translates theory into practice besides covering several new and current topics. This book is aimed at every deck officer - at every rank and on all ships. The book also attends to other manifest needs and discusses piracy, stowaways, management of crew on board and several other new and current topics in the interest of safety. All deck officers will find, when preparing for professional examinations, that the area which the oral section of these examinations at any level (Class One, Two or Three) cover - safety - is the one in which this book specialises. It will be an invaluable aid in passing these exams. By discussing essential details in every part of a voyage, parts that form different subjects in the theoretical section, it becomes an excellent reference book for them. In addition, it will also asist the staff of shipping companies in compiling ship operation manuals. This book includes the advice of various notices from the Marine Safety Agency and of guidelines from the International Maritime Organisation. It explains their requirements - International safety management code, emergency pollution control plans and others. In order to deal with ship board work thoroughly, this book takes an entire voyage into account. That is the reason for the sequence of its chapters to correspond to the progress of an actual voyage. The book begins with a ship embarking on a voyage and, in succession, conveys its message in a comfortable language. The last chapter leaves the reader at the beginning of another, but a safer, voyage. A summary is included at the end of each chapter.

The book, first published in 1977, contrasts new and older approaches to the history of transport and outlines a critical exposition of the methods used to quantify the contribution of railways to economic growth by means of counterfactual speculation and the measurement of social savings. The author also outlines and appraises an alternative measure of the impact of railways, namely the social rate of return on capital invested in railways. The final chapters are concerned with the effects on growth generated by the construction and diffusion of railways through expenditure on labour, capital goods and industrial inputs and through their effects on the integration of markets, and patterns of location.

This book gives an account of how the U.S. freight transportation system has been impacted and "globalized," since the 1950s, by the presence of the shipping container. A globally standardized object, the container carries cargo moving in international trade, and it utilizes and fits within the existing transportation infrastructures of shipping, trucking and railroads. In this way it binds them together into a nearly seamless worldwide logistics network. This process occurs not only in ocean shipping and at ports, but also deep within national territories. In its dependence on existing infrastructural systems, though, the network of container movement as it pervades domestic space is shaped by the history and geography of the nation-state. This global network is not invariably imposed in a top-down manner-to a large degree, it is cobbled together out of national, regional and local systems. Heins describes this in the American context, examining the freight transportation infrastructures of railroads, trucking and inland waterways, and also the terminals where containers are transferred between train and truck. The book provides a detailed historical narrative, and is also theoretically informed by the contemporary literature on infrastructure and globalization.