After an insightful introductory part on recent developments in
the thermodynamics of small systems, the author presents his
contribution to a long-standing problem, namely the connection
between irreversibility and dissipation. He develops a method based
on recent results on fluctuation theorems that is able to estimate
dissipation using only information acquired in a single,
sufficiently long, trajectory of a stationary nonequilibrium
process. This part ends with a remarkable application of the method
to the analysis of biological data, in this case, the fluctuations
of a hair bundle.
The third part studies the energetics of systems that undergo
symmetry breaking transitions. These theoretical ideas lead to,
among other things, an experimental realization of a Szilard engine
using manipulated colloids.
This work has the potential for important applications ranging
from the analysis of biological media to the design of novel
artificial nano-machines.
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