Although cognitive engineering has gained widespread acceptance as one of the most promising approaches to addressing and preventing difficulties with human-machine coordination and collaboration, it still meets with considerable skepticism and resistance in some of the industries that could benefit from its insights and recommendations. The challenge for cognitive engineers is to better understand the reasons underlying these reservations and to overcome them by demonstrating and communicating more effectively their concepts, approaches, and proposed solutions. To contribute to this goal, the current volume presents concrete examples of cognitive engineering research and design. It is an attempt to complement the already existing excellent literature on cognitive engineering in domains other than aviation and to introduce professionals and students in a variety of domains to this rather young discipline.
The editors of this book, and the authors whose work is included, subscribe to the need to evaluate work in context. Accepting new paradigms for the study of humans working in complex environments, they view the human as an asset--indeed a necessity--in human-machine systems and they accept and take advantage of variations in human behavior. In addition, they recognize that much or most error is the result of mismatches between human capabilities and the demands placed on those humans by the machines which they use in the environments in which they are placed. As a whole, this volume illustrates how far we've come in understanding the cognitive bases of human work in complex human-machine systems.

Advances in simulation technology have enabled an interesting amount of training and instruction to be conducted on training simulators instead of on real systems. However, experiences with the procurement and use of training simulators has not always been as successful, often owing to a lack of knowledge of didactics and of training programme development, and also to inadequate simulator specifications. The Handbook of Simulator-based Training represents the first comprehensive overview of the European state of the art in simulator-based training. It also comprises a well-founded and systematic approach to simulator-based training and the specification of simulator requirements. The multi-disciplinary research project described in this book combines the expertise of specialists in human factors, information systems, system design and engineering from 23 research and industrial organizations from five countries - France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK. The authors have synthesized and documented the project results to ensure that this handbook provides not only many valuable guidelines, but more importantly a common frame of reference. It will be a key resource for the many specialists who are concerned with simulator-based training: researchers, engineers, and users; military training institutes and training system development departments; military staff responsible for the procurement of training devices and simulators; the simulator industry; the training research community; and the human factors and ergonomics community.

This book analyses the rhetorical background and strategies of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) and those of Ronald Reagan in reference to the 1981 strike. Was firing 11,000 federal employees the only option, or the best option available?

This book is a unique collection of perspectives provided by a mix of leading academics, industrialists and government officials on the challenges facing the European aerospace industry. The book focuses on two interrelated, daunting challenges. The consolidated American aerospace industry, which in the 1990s has undergone $100bn worth of merger activity. The second is the compelling task of rationalization and consolidation required in the European industry itself. Through a mix of analytical perspectives and project-oriented assessments, the book provides an essential guide to the major strategic agenda for the European industry. A unique feature is the contribution of leading industry executives and project managers. These industry insiders outline the dilemmas and challenges facing the industry from the viewpoint of those at the sharp end of the business. The book is an essential guide to the technical, political and economic agenda for aerospace in the next decade and beyond.

The aviation industry is a major driver of world trade. As global markets and economies are constantly evolving, practitioners and academics need more quality information and a broader perspective of aviation management rather than just silo-based knowledge, particularly if they wish to move up the management ladder and progress. Air Transport Management presents the dynamic shifts which have influenced structural changes in the aviation industry, such as the emergence of low cost carriers. These changes have transformed the market, leading to deregulation and consolidation. The author provides a viable road map aimed at giving students and managers in the aviation industry a rigorous understanding on how to manage strategically in complex and turbulent market conditions. Air Transport Management examines the airline industry structure in terms of entry barriers, competition dynamics and competing business models. With the inclusion of fascinating case studies, this handbook assesses different business models used by international companies and proposes best fit management practices which airlines should follow in order to survive.

Survival for Aircrew is essential reading for any aviation personnel who might at any time fly over water or inhospitable terrain. The ability to conquer nature and survive long enough to be rescued is a skill that could have saved the lives of countless aircrew and passengers in the past, and could save many lives in the future. Designed to be an easy-to-read instructional resource, this book teaches aircrews all the survival methods they are ever likely to need, in any eventuality. Illustrated throughout for ease of reference, this book looks at the aircrew role in an aviation survival situation, at the equipment required and at the possible scenarios. Its emphasis on crew behaviour makes the book unique, whether the reader is involved in general aviation, airline industry or government service. Features include: *

Since deregulation in the United States, most jet operating new-entrant carriers have failed. Theories on competition had been put to the test and reality turned out to be different to the vision. To begin with many new-entrant airlines were successful, but were not able to create sustainable strategies to survive as incumbent carriers adjusted to the new operating environment. This book explains the complex issues that led to the almost total failure rate of the 'first wave' new-entrant airlines. The background to the pre-nineties failure predicament is examined in order to give a good overview of the characteristics of new-entrant airlines and of the environment in which they operate. Attention is given to the new-entrants' strategies and management in order to explore past deficiencies and to pave the way for successful new strategies. The author covers the new-entrants' structure and then identifies critical factors through distress/failure prediction models. His approach is broad, and conclusions on airline failure are based on a dynamic framework, rather than a simple prescription for success or how to avoid failure. It is hoped that the reader will thereby come to recognize more fully the adaptability of incumbent airlines as well as the past mistakes of new airlines and gain some insights into new airline strategies. The book is in two main parts. The first part establishes what sort of an environment the new-entrants encounter. The second part gives results of a survey research giving an insight into management priorities and organization characteristics at new-entrant airlines and their linkage with good and poor performance. In addition critical factors are derived from failure and distress prediction models based on survey data and financial and traffic data on new-entrants. The final chapter brings together the various parts of the book and covers an inventory of new-entrants' critical factors. The readership includes managers in

The problem of fault diagnosis and reconfigurable control is a new and actually developing field of science and engineering. The subject becomes more interesting since there is an increasing demand for the navigation and control systems of aerospace vehicles, automated actuators etc. to be more safe and reliable. Nowadays, the problems of fault detection and isolation and reconfigurable control attract the attention the scientists in the world. The subject is emphasized in the recent international congresses such as IF AC World Congresses (San Francisco-1996, Beijing-1999, and Barcelona-2002) and lMEKO World Congresses (Tampere-1997, Osaka-1999, Vienna-2000), and also in the international conferences on fault diagnosis such as SAFEPROCESS Conferences (Hull-1997, Budapest-2000). The presented methods in the book are based on linear and nonlinear dynamic mathematical models of the systems. Technical objects and systems stated by these models are very large, and include various control systems, actuators, sensors, computer systems, communication systems, and mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical and electronic devices. The analytical fault diagnosis techniques of these objects have been developed for several decades. Many of those techniques are based on the use of the results of modem control theory. This is natural, because it is known that fault diagnosis process in control systems is considered as a part of general control process. xxii In organization of fault diagnosis of control systems, the use of the concepts and methods of modem control theory including concepts of state space, modeling, controllability, observability, estimation, identification, and filtering is very efficient.

Airport development is critical to economic growth and poverty reduction. This book will help decision-makers assess whether Public Private Partnerships (PPP) might be a viable option to meet their airport development requirements. It walks the reader through the airport PPP process, from early preparation to bringing the project to market and managing the project during implementation. The book will help eradicate misconceptions about the role of the private sector in airport infrastructure. A Decision-Makers Guide to Public Private Partnerships in Airports provides an essential guide for those in a position to make decisions linked to airport development, to their advisers, their staff and also to students wishing to understand airport PPP.

Practical Airport Operations, Safety, and Emergency Management: Protocols for Today and the Future focuses on the airport itself, not the aircraft, manufacturers, designers, or even the pilots. The book explores the safety of what's been called 'the most expensive piece of pavement in any city'- the facility that operates, maintains, and ensures the safety of millions of air passengers every year. The book is organized into three helpful sections, each focusing on one of the sectors described in the title. Section One: Airport Safety, explores the airport environment, then delves into safety management systems. Section Two: Airport Operations, continues the conversation on safety management systems before outlining airside and landside operations in depth, while Section Three: Airport Emergency Management, is a careful, detailed exploration of the topic, ending with a chapter on the operational challenges airport operations managers can expect to face in the future. Written by trusted experts in the field, users will find this book to be a vital resource that provides airport operations managers and students with the information, protocols, and strategies they need to meet the unique challenges associated with running an airport.

The registration letters painted on an aircraft's tail are like its number plate: they can reveal the story of an individual aircraft and its different roles during its working life. Inspired by this novel way of looking at aviation history, Guy Halford-MacLeod follows the chequered and multi-faceted careers of forty different airliners to present a compelling insight into the wider story of British aviation: larger-than-life characters, politics, the aircraft manufacturers, the state-owned corporations, the independent airlines, some unwilling buyers, a lot of coercion, big financial losses, cheap holiday charters and, inevitably, going bust - the full story of Britain's airlines and the aircraft they used. This heavily illustrated book delves into the tales of a fascinating selection of aircraft, including many of Britain's finest airliners now preserved at museums around the country, to present the development of Britain's airline industry.

For the first time in a single edited collection, this important body of feminist work traces the relationship between the formation of organizational culture and the development, maintenance and changing character of workplace discrimination. Based on three decades of archival research by Albert J. Mills and his colleagues, the book brings together a series of articles, chapters and hitherto unpublished papers that document the founding and growth of our major international airlines - Air Canada, British Airways, Pan American Airways, and Qantas Airways - to understand the comparative influence of organizational cultures not only on internal organizational processes but also social understandings of gendered practices. The insights generated in this body of work bring to light the complexity of organizational rules, symbolism, language, imagery, storytelling, and `history' as they impact on the practices and sensemaking of those involved in producing discrimination at work. Feminists and other diversity researchers will find this collection useful not only for insights on the processes of discrimination but also on the various reflections on methodological approaches that are peppered throughout. To that end, qualitative researchers and management and organizational historians with an interest in methodology will also find the book valuable in its reflections on the range of approaches discussed throughout.

Airport design and operation are always closely related. A poor design affects the airport operations, resulting in increased costs, and a sound understanding of operation is needed to enable good design. The aim of this third edition is to present an updated and integrated approach to the two. The chapters have been enhanced to reflect changes in technology and the way the air transport industry functions. Key topics that are newly addressed in this book include low cost airline operations, security issues and EASA regulations on airports. A new chapter covering extended details about wildlife control has been added to the volume.

The story of the Royal Aircraft Factory at Farnborough, forerunner of the World’s premier aeronautical research establishment wherein were designed a diversity of aircraft including many of those that equipped the RFC, RNAS and RAF during the First World War. Originally established to build observation balloons for the Victorian British Army, the Factory later expanded to employ over 3500 people by mid-1916, at which time it became the subject of a political controversy that ended in a judicial enquiry. In 1918 its title was changed to the Royal Aircraft Establishment, not only to avoid a clash of initials with the newly formed Royal Air Force but to better define its changing role. Each of the many designs for airships and aeroplanes that were produced by the Factory between 1908 and 1918 is described in detail, illustrated by photographs, and with three-view drawings provided for the more prominent designs.

Drone Law and Policy describes the drone industry and its evolution, describing the benefits and risks of its exponential growth. It outlines the current and proposed regulatory framework in Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe, taking into consideration the current and evolving technological and insurance landscape. This book makes recommendations as to additional regulatory and insurance initiatives which the authors believe are necessary to achieve an effective balance between the various competing interests. The 23 chapters are written by global specialists on crucial topics, such as terrorism and security, airport and aircraft safety, maritime deployment, cyber-risks, regulatory oversight, licensing, standards and insurance. This book will provide authoritative reference and expert guidance for regulators and government agencies, legal practitioners, insurance companies and brokers globally, as well as for major organisations utilising drones in industrial applications.

Aviation is an important global business and a signi?cant driver of the global economy. Itisvital,therefore,thatstringentmeasuresaretakentocounteractsof unlawfulinterferencewithcivilaviation. TheConventiononInternationalCivil AviationsignedatChicagoon7December1944,statesinitsPreamblethatwhereas thedevelopmentofcivilaviationmayhelppreservefriendshipandunderstanding amongthepeopleoftheworld,yet,itsabusecouldbecomeathreattogeneral security. Thegenealogyoftheterm"Terrorism"liesinLatinterminologymeaning"to causetotremble"(terrere). Sincethecatastrophiceventsof11September2001, we have seen stringent legal measures taken by the United States to attack terrorism,notjustcurbit. Thefamousphrase"waronterror"denotespre-emptive andpreventivestrikescarriedoutthroughapplicableprovisionsoflegitimately adoptedprovisionsoflegislation. TheearliestexampleistheAirTransportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (ATSAA)enactedbyPresidentBushless thantwomonthsafterthe9/11attacks. Then,twomonthsaftertheattacks,in November2001,CongresspassedtheAviationandTransportationSecurityAct (ATSA)withaviewtoimprovingsecurityandclosingthesecurityloopholes whichexistedonthatfatefuldayinSeptember2001. Thelegislationpavedthe wayforahugefederalbodycalledtheTransportationSecurityAdministration (TSA) which was established within the Department of Transportation. The HomelandSecurityActof2002whichfollowedeffectedasigni?cantreorga- zationoftheFederalGovernment. Allthisgoestoshowthatthelawplaysasigni?cantroleinensuringaviation security. Thisbookaddressesnewandemergingthreatstocivilaviation;evaluates securitytoolsnowinusesuchasthePublicKeyDirectory,AdvancePassenger Information,PassengerNameRecordandMachineReadabletraveldocumentsin the context of their legal and regulatory background; and discusses applicable securitytreatieswhileprovidinganinsightintotheprocessofthesecurityaudits conductedbytheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO). v vi Preface ThebookalsoexaminesissuesoflegalresponsibilityofStatesandindividuals forterroristactsofthirdpartiesagainstcivilaviationanddiscussesfromalegal perspectivethelatestliabilityConventionsadoptedatICAO. TheConclusionof thebookprovidesaninsightintotheapplicationoflegalprinciplesthroughrisk management. Sincethewritingofthisbook,theauthor publishedthreefeature articles entitled, The NW Flight 253 and the Global Framework of Aviation Security(AirandSpaceLaw,Volume35Issue2April2010167-Aviation is an important global business and a signi?cant driver of the global economy. Itisvital,therefore,thatstringentmeasuresaretakentocounteractsof unlawfulinterferencewithcivilaviation. TheConventiononInternationalCivil AviationsignedatChicagoon7December1944,statesinitsPreamblethatwhereas thedevelopmentofcivilaviationmayhelppreservefriendshipandunderstanding amongthepeopleoftheworld,yet,itsabusecouldbecomeathreattogeneral security. Thegenealogyoftheterm"Terrorism"liesinLatinterminologymeaning"to causetotremble"(terrere). Sincethecatastrophiceventsof11September2001, we have seen stringent legal measures taken by the United States to attack terrorism,notjustcurbit. Thefamousphrase"waronterror"denotespre-emptive andpreventivestrikescarriedoutthroughapplicableprovisionsoflegitimately adoptedprovisionsoflegislation. TheearliestexampleistheAirTransportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (ATSAA)enactedbyPresidentBushless thantwomonthsafterthe9/11attacks. Then,twomonthsaftertheattacks,in November2001,CongresspassedtheAviationandTransportationSecurityAct (ATSA)withaviewtoimprovingsecurityandclosingthesecurityloopholes whichexistedonthatfatefuldayinSeptember2001. Thelegislationpavedthe wayforahugefederalbodycalledtheTransportationSecurityAdministration (TSA) which was established within the Department of Transportation. The HomelandSecurityActof2002whichfollowedeffectedasigni?cantreorga- zationoftheFederalGovernment. Allthisgoestoshowthatthelawplaysasigni?cantroleinensuringaviation security. Thisbookaddressesnewandemergingthreatstocivilaviation;evaluates securitytoolsnowinusesuchasthePublicKeyDirectory,AdvancePassenger Information,PassengerNameRecordandMachineReadabletraveldocumentsin the context of their legal and regulatory background; and discusses applicable securitytreatieswhileprovidinganinsightintotheprocessofthesecurityaudits conductedbytheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO). v vi Preface ThebookalsoexaminesissuesoflegalresponsibilityofStatesandindividuals forterroristactsofthirdpartiesagainstcivilaviationanddiscussesfromalegal perspectivethelatestliabilityConventionsadoptedatICAO. TheConclusionof thebookprovidesaninsightintotheapplicationoflegalprinciplesthroughrisk management. Sincethewritingofthisbook,theauthor publishedthreefeature articles entitled, The NW Flight 253 and the Global Framework of Aviation Security(AirandSpaceLaw,Volume35Issue2April2010167-182);TheUse of Full Body Scanners and Their Legal Implications; and The Use of Forged PassportsforActsofCriminality(bothofwhichcouldbeaccessedthroughthe webpageoftheJournalofTransportationSecurity(Springer). Thesethreearticles formausefuladjuncttothisbook. Montreal,CA RuwantissaAbeyratne Contents 1 ASecurityCulture ...1 A. ARisk-BasedApproach ...1 B. TheICAOResponse ...2 I. TheICAOHigh-LevelMinisterialConference ...2 II. PostConferenceWork ...7 C. EmergingThreats ...9 I. Probability ...9 II. ReactingtoProbability ...10 III. Deterrence ...13 IV. ProblemsofDeterrence ...14 V. ThreatAssessmentinICAO ...16 VI. TheAVSECPanel ...19 VII. Bioterrorism ...21 VIII. Cyber-Terrorism ...24 IX. MANPADS ...25 X. TheDiverseNatureofMissileAttacks ...29 XI. InstallationofanAnti-missileSystem ...32 XII. ThePerimeterGuard ...32 XIII. InternationalAccord ...33 XIV. OtherCurrentThreats ...36 References ...3 6 2 PrinciplesofResponsibility ...39 A. StateResponsibility ...39 I. PrinciplesofStateResponsibility ...42 II. TheTheoryofComplicity ...42 III. MechanismsforExtraditionofOffenders: TheLockerbieCase ...43 IV. TheCondonationTheory ...48 V. TheRoleofKnowledge ...51 vii viii Contents VI. Pro?lingofPassengers ...54 VII. AirportPro?ling ...55 VIII. Pro?lingandtheRightofPrivacy ...58 B. OtherAspectsofResponsibility ...61 I. PreludetotheRomeConventionof1952 ...61 II. TheRomeConventionof1952 ...66 C. TheRomeConventionof1952 ...70 I. Background ...70 II. Insurance ...71 III. ProvisionsoftheConvention ...

An efficient air transport system is critical to countries attaining and sustaining healthy economies in an increasingly interconnected world economy. Competing successfully now means quick shipping over long distances at reasonable rates. Societies also prosper when people from different countries can travel around the world using efficient transport. This volume includes literature surveys and original empirical research examining airline efficiency in the twenty first century. Topics cover airline productivity, sources of airline efficiency, the cost and scope of operations in airline transport; airline productivity for different global regions; methodologies estimating productivity growth and efficiency. Further chapters on sources of airline efficiency examine fuel efficiency differences, efficiency in different stages of production, and the contributions of technological change, mergers, and low-cost carrier competition to efficiency. Chapters on the cost and scope of operations examine all-cargo carrier efficiency, gains from airline/high speed-rail cooperation, and airport economies of scope in passenger and freight operations.

NOMINATED AND SHORT LISTED FOR THE SURVEILLANCE STUDIES BOOK PRIZE 2011! This theoretically informed research explores what the development and transformation of air travel has meant for societies and individuals. * Brings together a number of interdisciplinary approaches towards the aeroplane and its relation to society * Presents an original theory that our societies are aerial societies, or 'aerealities', and shows how we are both enabled and threatened by aerial mobility * Features a series of detailed international case studies which map the history of aviation over the past century - from the promises of early flight, to World War II bombing campaigns, and to the rise of international terrorism today * Demonstrates the transformational capacity of air transport to shape societies, bodies and individual identities * Offers startling historical evidence and bold new ideas about how the social and material spaces of the aeroplane are considered in the modern era

Liberalization of regulatory policy on international air transportation through the use of bilateral and multilateral open skies agreements contributes to a business environment that presents air carriers with the opportunity to take advantage of greater access to aviation markets world-wide. Chapters in this volume of Advances in Airline Economics provide in-depth analysis of open skies agreements. In addition, contributions present empirical analysis of the effect of greater availability of international air transportation services on air fares, export flows, operating efficiency, and passenger demand for international flights. The influence of international airports on local metropolitan areas' economic development is also examined. Regulation of international air transportation, however, is not limited to the erosion of entry barriers. Companies providing international air transportation services also face restrictions on pollution emissions. This volume provides a more complete analysis of the economics of international air transportation by presenting research on the costs borne by air transportation companies due to pollution regulation in Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

This volume brings together some of the leading names in global aviation policy research to provide a unique and ground breaking synthesis of current debates on sustainable aviation. Unlike previous edited works, this volume is inter-disciplinary and international in nature, drawing on the work of social scientists, transport specialists, and policy experts working in the domains of academia, direct action, and regulation to inform understandings of the prospects for sustainable aviation. Uniquely, the title explores the context of the challenge and examines both scenarios and coalitions for change.

This book provides a flight plan for riding the impending connectivity transformation curve. It takes the perspective of actionability, highlighting initiatives that executives in airlines and related businesses can use from the insights of multi-industry executives. The emphasis is on execution, not on the concepts themselves. There is a cluster of at least four distinct megatrends that may converge to form disruptive conditions: (1) elevated expectations of existing and new customer segmentations, those who expect available and accessible air mass transportation systems, and those who expect connected services and seamless travel on different modes of transportation; (2) new emerging technology, incorporated in the air and ground vehicles, that will create new opportunities for existing and new service providers to offer new value propositions; (3) platforms developed around the ecosystem of customers; and (4) the impact on travel that the fast-changing demographic and economic characteristics of two major countries: India and China. These megatrends could lead existing or new businesses to create value propositions specifically dedicated to the new segments once each reaches a critical mass. Drawing on the author's own experience in the airline industry and related businesses, this book discusses the "how", relating to reimagining the business, re-entrepreneuring the organization, innovating through partnerships, reengaging with customers and employees, and rebranding the business in response to these trends. This book is recommended reading for all senior-level practitioners of airlines and related businesses worldwide.

This is a story of hope in the face of widespread consternation over the global climate crisis. For many people concerned about global warming, the 2018 vote by UK parliamentarians to proceed with the plans for a third runway at Heathrow Airport was a devastating blow. Aviation was predicted to make up some 25% of the UK's carbon emissions by 2050 and so the decision seemed to fly in the face of the UK's commitment to be a climate leader. Can the UK expand Heathrow airport, bringing in 700 extra planes a day, and still stay within ambitious carbon budgets? One legal case sought to answer this question. Campaigning lawyers argued that plans for a third runway at one of the world's busiest airports would jeopardise the UK's ability to meet its commitments under the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change. This book traces the dramatic story of how the case was prepared - and why international aviation has for so long avoided meaningful limits on its expansion. -- .

Failure is always an option... For more than 50 years, NASA's Mission Control has been known for two things: perfect decision making in extreme situations and producing generations of steely-eyed missile men and women who continue that tradition. A key to that legacy of brilliant performance is a particular brand of leadership, especially at the working level in Mission Control. Take the ultimate insiders look at the leadership values and culture that created the best team on this planet. Paul Sean Hill was responsible for NASA's Mission Operations support for manned space flight from 2007-2011. In this candid book he shows that the secret to Mission Control's success has never been rocket science and that the real practice of perfect decision making can be applied to any organisation or team. By demonstrating how his Mission Control team nurtured a culture which has delivered impossible wins for decades, Hill provides a guide for all leaders to boost their company's performance at all levels. Whether failure means cost and schedule overruns, quality reduction, loss of market share, bankruptcy - or putting someone's life a risk, how we lead can determine whether even small mistakes are dealt with or are left to snowball out of control and destroy an enterprise. Discover how to take leadership from the Mission Control Room to your boardroom and beyond, and achieve this out-of-this-world leadership environment in your team.