Biomedical signals provide unprecedented insight into abnormal or anomalous neurological conditions. The computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system plays a key role in detecting neurological abnormalities and improving diagnosis and treatment consistency in medicine. This book covers different aspects of biomedical signals-based systems used in the automatic detection/identification of neurological disorders. Several biomedical signals are introduced and analyzed, including electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate (HR), magnetoencephalogram (MEG), and electromyogram (EMG). It explains the role of the CAD system in processing biomedical signals and the application to neurological disorder diagnosis. The book provides the basics of biomedical signal processing, optimization methods, and machine learning/deep learning techniques used in designing CAD systems for neurological disorders.

This thesis investigates passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers by numerical methods. The understanding and optimization of such devices is crucial to the advancement of technologies such as optical data communication and dual comb spectroscopy. The focus of the thesis is therefore on the development of efficient numerical models, which are able both to perform larger parameter studies and to provide quantitative predictions. Along with that, visualization and evaluation techniques for the rich spatio-temporal laser dynamics are developed; these facilitate the physical interpretation of the observed features. The investigations in this thesis revolve around two specific semiconductor devices, namely a monolithically integrated three-section tapered quantum-dot laser and a V-shaped external cavity laser. In both cases, the simulations closely tie in with experimental results, which have been obtained in collaboration with the TU Darmstadt and the ETH Zurich. Based on the successful numerical reproduction of the experimental findings, the emission dynamics of both lasers can be understood in terms of the cavity geometry and the active medium dynamics. The latter, in particular, highlights the value of the developed simulation tools, since the fast charge-carrier dynamics are generally not experimentally accessible during mode-locking operation. Lastly, the numerical models are used to perform laser design explorations and thus to derive recommendations for further optimizations.

Volumetric, or three-dimensional, digital imaging now plays a vital role in many areas of research such as medicine and geology. Medical images acquired by tomographic scanners for instance are often given as a stack of cross-sectional image slices. Such images are called ‘volumetric’ because they depict objects in their entire three-dimensional extent rather than just as a projection onto a two-dimensional image plane. Since huge amounts of volumetric data are continually being produced in many places around the world, techniques for their automatic analysis become ever more important. Written by a computer vision specialist, this clear, detailed account of volumetric image analysis techniques provides a practical approach to the field including the following topics:

• preprocessing of volumetric images
• obtaining quantitative measurements in volumetric images
• detection and modelling of objects in volumetric images

This book provides the reader with the knowledge necessary for comprehension of the field of Intelligent Audio Analysis. It firstly introduces standard methods and discusses the typical Intelligent Audio Analysis chain going from audio data to audio features to audio recognition. Further, an introduction to audio source separation, and enhancement and robustness are given. After the introductory parts, the book shows several applications for the three types of audio: speech, music, and general sound. Each task is shortly introduced, followed by a description of the specific data and methods applied, experiments and results, and a conclusion for this specific task. The books provides benchmark results and standardized test-beds for a broader range of audio analysis tasks. The main focus thereby lies on the parallel advancement of realism in audio analysis, as too often today's results are overly optimistic owing to idealized testing conditions, and it serves to stimulate synergies arising from transfer of methods and leads to a holistic audio analysis.

This book enables readers to achieve ultra-low energy digital system performance. The author's main focus is the energy consumption of microcontroller architectures in digital (sub)-systems. The book covers a broad range of topics extensively: from circuits through design strategy to system architectures. The result is a set of techniques and a context to realize minimum energy digital systems. Several prototype silicon implementations are discussed, which put the proposed techniques to the test. The achieved results demonstrate an extraordinary combination of variation-resilience, high speed performance and ultra-low energy.

This book presents the proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region, RAAD 2021, held in Poitiers, France, 21-23 June 2021. It gathers contributions by researchers from several countries on all major areas of robotic research, development and innovation, as well as new applications and current trends. The topics covered include: novel designs and applications of robotic systems, intelligent cooperating and service robots, advanced robot control, human-robot interfaces, robot vision systems, mobile robots, humanoid and walking robots, bio-inspired and swarm robotic systems, aerial, underwater and spatial robots, robots for ambient assisted living, medical robots and bionic prostheses, cognitive robots, cloud robotics, ethical and social issues in robotics, etc. Given its scope, the book offers a source of information and inspiration for researchers seeking to improve their work and gather new ideas for future developments.

This book gathers high-quality papers presented at the International Conference on Smart Trends for Information Technology and Computer Communications (SmartCom 2019), organized by the Global Knowledge Research Foundation (GR Foundation) from 24 to 25 January 2019. It covers the state-of-the-art and emerging topics pertaining to information, computer communications, and effective strategies for their use in engineering and managerial applications. It also explores and discusses the latest technological advances in, and future directions for, information and knowledge computing and its applications.

This book is a collection of the best research papers presented at the 8th International Conference on Innovations in Electronics and Communication Engineering at Guru Nanak Institutions Hyderabad, India. Featuring contributions by researchers, technocrats and experts, the book covers various areas of communication engineering, like signal processing, VLSI design, embedded systems, wireless communications, and electronics and communications in general, as well as cutting-edge technologies. As such, it is a valuable reference resource for young researchers.

This book describes the next generation of industry-Industry 4.0-and how it holds the promise of increased flexibility in manufacturing, along with automation, better quality, and improved productivity. The authors discuss how it thus enables companies to cope with the challenges of producing increasingly individualized products with a short lead-time to market and higher quality. The authors posit that intelligent cloud services and resource sharing play an important role in Industry 4.0 anticipated Fourth Industrial Revolution. This book serves the different issues and challenges in cloud resource management CRM techniques with proper propped solution for IT organizations. The book features chapters based on the characteristics of autonomic computing with its applicability in CRM. Each chapter features the techniques and analysis of each mechanism to make better resource management in cloud.

The book is a collection of high-quality research papers presented at 7th Euro-China Conference on Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications, hosted by Communication University of Zhejiang, China and technically co-sponsored by Shandong University of Science and Technology, China; Zhejiang Lab, China; and Fujian University of Technology, China. The book covers areas like intelligent data analysis, computational intelligences, signal processing, and all associated applications of artificial intelligence.

Nonlinear optical media have already opened up a universe rich in technological possibilities. Holograms can be recorded and erased in these media. And nonlinear optical media, such as photorefractive crystals, are highly efficient, particularly for wave mixing and phase conjugation. To make effective use of these media for the transmission and manipulation of optical information requires a clear understanding of the theory at the root of the entire phenomenon. Designed as a reference for advanced students in the area of modern optics for electrical engineering and applied physics, Introduction to Photorefractive Non-linear Optics not only sheds light on the field's basic underlying theorem but also clearly links it with practical applications, forming the first introductory textbook to balance both. While clearly illuminating such practical applications as optical computing and neural networks, the book's emphasis throughout is on the theory of the propagation of optical waves and the mixing of electromagnetic radiation in nonlinear optical media. In a progressive format that moves from the elementary to the complex, the book begins with the basics of electromagnetic waves and periodic structures, examining the physics of photorefractive effects and the mixing of waves in these media. Classical electrodynamics is used to describe the mixing of waves in photorefractive media. Concepts in elementary solid state physics are also used to clarify the discussion on the transport of charges in photorefractive crystals. Following chapters take an in-depth look at optical phase conjugators and photorefractive resonators. The fundamental principles of gratings and holograms are examined inchapters 7 and 8. The manifold applications in optical information processing, optical interconnection, and neural networks are clearly detailed in the following three chapters. The last chapter is devoted to a timely look at the higher order photorefractive effect in optical fibers. The result of the collective research and development conducted by scientists over the years at the Rockwell International Science Center, this important reference is an unprecedented inside look at the innovations at the technology's leading edge. Illustrating theory with useful numerical examples based on real situations, the book provides students with a clear practical grasp of the essentials of the science as well as the technology's day-to-day applications. Not simply a monograph, Introduction to Photorefractive Nonlinear Optics is, instead, a comprehensive introductory guide to understanding - and using - this fascinating evolving technology.

In this book we present a snapshot of the state of the art in photonics in 1994, showing typical applications and emerging new ones; discussing the key technologies behind these applications, their limitations, and prospects. The articles in this book are extended versions of the papers presented at the first International Conference on Applications ofPhotonic Technology (ICAPT'94), held in Toronto, Canada, on June 21-23, 1994. Photonics has been recognized as one of the key technologies for the 21 st century, as electronics was the technology of the 20th centrury and electrical engineering changed the life of people in the 19th century. According to the recent report of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris (OECD), the market for photonics will grow dramatically in the next 10 years with an expected world-wide expenditure of US $230 billion from some US $30 billion in 1992. The explosion of information technology was the largest driving force for the deployment of photonic technology. It created insatiable demand for ever-higher data transmission and processing rates, which cannot be sustained by electronics alone. Boosted by the enonnous investment of the telecommunications and defense industries, the demand for photonics (or optoelectronics) is steadily increasing. It is solidly established in the long haul communications, laser printers and CD-ROMs."

This book covers terahertz antenna technology for imaging and sensing, along with its various applications. The authors discuss the use of terahertz frequency and photoconductive antenna technology for imaging applications, such as biological and bio-medical applications, non-destructive inspection of fabrics and plastics, analysis of hydration levels or detecting the presence of metallic components in samples, and detecting a variety of materials with unique spectral fingerprints in the terahertz frequency range, such as different types of explosives or several compounds used in the fabrication of medicines. Provides a comprehensive review of terahertz source and detector for imaging and sensing; Discusses photoconductive antenna technology for imaging and sensing; Presents modalities for improving the photoconductive dipole antenna performance for imaging and sensing; Explores applications in tomographic imaging, art conservation and the pharmaceutical and aerospace industries.

This book presents recent advances in NLP and speech technology, a topic attracting increasing interest in a variety of fields through its myriad applications, such as the demand for speech guided touchless technology during the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors present results of recent experimental research that provides contributions and solutions to different issues related to speech technology and speech in industry. Technologies include natural language processing, automatic speech recognition (for under-resourced dialects) and speech synthesis that are useful for applications such as intelligent virtual assistants, among others. Applications cover areas such as sentiment analysis and opinion mining, Arabic named entity recognition, and language modelling. This book is relevant for anyone interested in the latest in language and speech technology.

This book features the proceedings of The EAI International Conference on Big Data Innovation for Sustainable Cognitive Computing (BDCC 2020), which took place 18 - 19 December 2020. The papers feature detail on cognitive computing and its self-learning systems that use data mining, pattern recognition and natural language processing (NLP) to mirror the way the human brain works. This international conference focuses on technologies from knowledge representation techniques and natural language processing algorithms to dynamic learning approaches. Topics covered include Data Science for Cognitive Analysis, Real-Time Ubiquitous Data Science, Platform for Privacy Preserving Data Science, and Internet-Based Cognitive Platform.

It is becoming crucial to accurately estimate and monitor speech quality in various ambient environments to guarantee high quality speech communication. This practical hands-on book shows speech intelligibility measurement methods so that the readers can start measuring or estimating speech intelligibility of their own system. The book also introduces subjective and objective speech quality measures, and describes in detail speech intelligibility measurement methods. It introduces a diagnostic rhyme test which uses rhyming word-pairs, and includes: An investigation into the effect of word familiarity on speech intelligibility. Speech intelligibility measurement of localized speech in virtual 3-D acoustic space using the rhyme test. Estimation of speech intelligibility using objective measures, including the ITU standard PESQ measures, and automatic speech recognizers.

Authored by a panel of experts in the field, this book focuses on hyperspectral image analysis, systems, and applications. With discussion of application-based projects and case studies, this professional reference will bring you up-to-date on this pervasive technology, wether you are working in the military and defense fields, or in remote sensing technology, geoscience, or agriculture.

The Fundamentals and Applications of Light-Emitting Diodes: The Revolution in the Lighting Industry examines the evolution of LEDs, including a review of the luminescence process and background on solid state lighting. The book emphasizes phosphor-converted LEDs that are based on inorganic phosphors but explores different types of LEDs based on inorganic, organic, quantum dots, perovskite-structured materials, and biomaterials. A detailed description is included about the diverse applications of LEDs in fields such as lighting, displays, horticulture, biomedicine, and digital communication, as well as challenges that must be solved before using LEDs in commercial applications. Traditional light sources are fast being replaced by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The fourth generation of lighting is completely dominated by LED luminaires. Apart from lighting, LEDs have extended their hold on other fields, such as digital communications, horticulture, medicine, space research, art and culture, display devices, and entertainment. The technological promises offered by LEDs have elevated them as front-runners in the lighting industry.

The essential guide to the state of the art in WDM and its vast networking potential

As a result of its huge transmission capacity and countless other advantages, fiber optics has fostered a bandwidth revolution, addressing the constantly growing demand for increased bandwidth. Within this burgeoning area, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) has emerged as a breakthrough technology for exploiting the capacity of optical fibers. Today, WDM is deployed by many network providers for point-to-point transmission-but there is strong momentum to develop it as a full-fledged networking technology in its own right. The telecommunications industry, network service providers, and research communities worldwide are paying close attention.

Optical WDM Networks presents an easy-to-follow introduction to basic concepts, key issues, effective solutions, and state-of-the-art technologies for wavelength-routed WDM networks. Responding to the need for resources focused on the networking potential of WDM, the book is organized in terms of the most important networking aspects, such as:

• Network control architecture
• Routing and wavelength assignment
• Virtual topology design and reconfiguration
• Distributed lightpath control and management
• Optical-layer protection and restoration
• IP over WDM
• Trends for the future in optical networks

Each chapter includes examples and problems that illustrate and offer practical application of concepts, as well as extensive references for further reading. This is an essential resource for professionals and students in electrical engineering, computer engineering, and computer science as well asnetwork engineers, designers, planners, operators, and managers who seek a backbone of knowledge in optical networks.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on VLSI, Communication and Signal processing (VCAS 2018). It looks at latest research findings in VLSI design and applications. The book covers a wide range of topics in electronics and communication engineering, especially in the area of microelectronics and VLSI design, communication systems and networks, and image and signal processing. The contents of this book will be useful to researchers and professionals alike.

This book presents select papers from the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Communication, Computing and Electronics (IC3E 2018). Covering the latest theories and methods in three related fields - electronics, communication and computing, it describes cutting-edge methods and applications in the areas of signal and image processing, cyber security, human-computer interaction, machine learning, electronic devices, nano-electronics, wireless sensor networks, antenna and wave propagation, and mobile communication. The contents of this book will be beneficial to students, researchers, and professionals working in the field of networks and communications.

This book comprises the peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing and VLSI (IC2SV) 2019. It explores the recent advances in the fields of signal and image processing, wireless and mobile communications, embedded systems, VLSI, microwave, and antennas. The contents provide insights into present technological challenges and discusses the emerging applications of different imaging techniques and communications systems. Given the range of topics covered, this book can be useful for students as well as researchers interested in the area of communications, signal processing, and VLSI technologies.

This book gives a broad look at both fundamental networking technology and new areas that support it and use it. It is a concise introduction to the most prominent, recent technological topics in computer networking. Topics include network technology such as wired and wireless networks, enabling technologies such as data centers, software defined networking, cloud and grid computing and applications such as networks on chips, space networking and network security. The accessible writing style and non-mathematical treatment makes this a useful book for the student, network and communications engineer, computer scientist and IT professional.

This volume presents readers with the latest techniques to study nanoimaging and nanoprobing in application to a broad range of biological systems. The chapters in this book are divided into five parts, and cover topics such as imaging and probing of biomacromolecules including high-speed imaging and probing with AFM; probing chromatin structure with magnetic tweezers; and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy on genomic DNA in living cells. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and through, Nanoscale Imaging: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about this developing and expanding field.