Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method used to record the brain activity in brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. It records the electrical activity of the brain, is typically non-invasive with electrodes placed along the scalp, requires relatively simple and inexpensive equipment, and is easier to use than other methods. EEG-based BCI methods provide modest speed and accuracy which is why multichannel systems and proper signal processing methods are used for feature extraction, feature selection and feature classification to discriminate among several mental tasks. This edited book presents state of the art aspects of EEG signal processing methods, with an emphasis on advanced strategies, case studies, clinical practices and applications such as EEG for meditation, auditory selective attention, sleep apnoea; person authentication; handedness detection, Parkinson's disease, motor imagery, smart air travel support and brain signal classification.

This third edition of the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-3) is indispensible for anyone wishing to use the international classification system for classification of morbidity data in a primary care setting. Distilling the many standards that are applied internationally in primary & community care and public health to offer a telescopic view, the classification has been completely rewritten to reflect the continued shift in the health paradigm of primary care and public health towards the person rather than the disease or provider. The content of ICPC-3 remains closely 'linked' to relevant related international classifications. The ICPC-3 also contributes to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, specifically to Goal 3 and its target of ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages.

Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications examines the latest trends on the capabilities of nanomaterials for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics and explains how these materials can help to strengthen, miniaturize, and improve the quality of diagnostic devices. A thorough explanation of all-in-one nanosmart devices is included, incorporating all of the applications and fundamentals of these smart devices. This book provides practical information on the following: novel and effective smart materials, better-quality health management, effective management of a disease, potential point-of-care devices, and mobile nanosensors. Additional Features Includes in-depth research based collation of the latest trends of smart devices Provides practical information on all-in-one nanosmart devices Explains how nanomaterials can help to strengthen and improve the quality of diagnostic devices Emphasizes the development of smart nanodevices, especially the miniaturization aspect

This book documents the state of the art in the field of ambient assisted living (AAL), highlighting the impressive potential of novel methodologies and technologies to enhance well-being and promote active ageing. The coverage is wide ranging, with sections on assistive devices, elderly people monitoring, home rehabilitation, ICT solutions for AAL, living with chronic conditions, robotic assistance for the elderly, sensing technologies for AAL, and smart housing. The book comprises a selection of the best papers presented at the Fifth Italian Forum on Ambient Assisted Living, which was held in Catania, Italy, in September 2014 and brought together end users, technology teams, and policy makers to develop a consensus on how to improve provision for elderly and impaired people. Readers will find that the expert contributions offer clear insights into the ways in which the most recent exciting advances may be expected to assist in addressing the needs of the elderly and those with chronic conditions.

This book discusses the extraction, purification, modification, and processing of biobased materials and their various industrial applications, across biomedical, pharmaceutical, construction, and other industries. It includes contributions from experts on hybrid biopolymers and bio-composites, bioactive and biodegradable materials, bio-inert polymers, natural polymers and composites, and metallic natural materials. Therefore, this encyclopedia is a useful reference for scientists, academicians, research scholars, and technologists. Major challenges of biobased materials are their efficient development, cost-effective, and green & environment friendly production/applications. This encyclopedia answers these challenges to professionals and scientists for proper utilization of biobased materials. It presents the recent practices of biobased materials technology in different scientific and engineering domains. It helps the bounded industrial outcomes to reach the general readership of different domains. This encyclopedia bridges the technological gaps between the industrial and academic professionals and the novice young students/scholars. The interdisciplinarity of this encyclopedia makes it unique for a wide readership. The topic of biobased materials is currently popular in the scientific community, working in such following areas as Recycled materials, Renewable materials, Materials for efficiency, Materials for waste treatment, Materials for reduction of environmental load, Materials for easy disposal or recycle, Hazardous free materials, Materials for reducing human health impact, Materials for energy efficiency, Materials for green energy, etc. This is a relatively hot topic in materials science and has strong demands for energy, material and money savings, as well as heavy contamination problems, despite that the area of biobased materials belongs to most important fields of modern science & technology, no important encyclopedias have been published in the area of "biobased materials"

Covers research on lipid nanosystems for use in cancer therapy and diagnostics, including aspects from physiological barriers in cancer, strategies to overcome these barriers, classical therapeutic strategies, new therapeutic options, and hyphenated approaches for synergic treatments Includes contributions from experts in different topics such as cancer pathology and treatments, triggering strategies, targeting ligands, gene therapy Contains excellent figures illustrating research highlights taken from the latest and most interesting developments in the field of functional lipid nanosystems for cancer therapy

This book investigates the latest developments in supramolecular assembly systems for mimicking biological structures and functions. Consisting of 14 chapters, it covers various assembly systems, such as polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, biopolymers, natural materials and various hybrid systems. Further, it focuses on different types of supramolecular systems with particular functions or structures that are relevant to living systems. A number of modern techniques used to study the supramolecular systems, such as total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and two-photon confocal microscopy, are also introduced in detail. Unlike conventional books on supramolecular assemblies, this book highlights the functions of the assembly systems, particularly their biological applications. As such, it offers a valuable resource for experienced researchers, as well as graduate students working in the field of supramolecular chemistry and biomimetic systems.

This book describes the tools, developed by the author, for perturbing endogenous mechano-sensitive ion channels for magneto-mechanical neuro-modulation. He explores the ways in which these tools compare against existing ones such as electricity, chemicals, optogenetics, and techniques like thermos/magneto-genetics. The author also reports on two platforms-magnetic ratcheting and magnetic microfluidics for directed evolution and high throughput culture of magnetotactic bacteria-that produce high quality magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications like neural stimulations. This thesis was submitted to and approved by the University of California, Los Angeles.

Address brain and cognitive intelligence based control Combine neuroscience with robotics control Combine biomechanics with robotics control Provide applications used in such as human-robot interaction

This monograph will provide an in-depth mathematical treatment of modern multiple test procedures controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) and related error measures, particularly addressing applications to fields such as genetics, proteomics, neuroscience and general biology. The book will also include a detailed description how to implement these methods in practice. Moreover new developments focusing on non-standard assumptions are also included, especially multiple tests for discrete data. The book primarily addresses researchers and practitioners but will also be beneficial for graduate students.

This work represents an inventive attempt to apply recent advances in nanotechnology to identify and characterise novel polymer systems for drug delivery through the skin. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the nanoscale mechanical properties of topical, drug-containing polymeric films enabled the author to identify optimal compositions, in terms of flexibility and substantivity, for application to the skin. To elucidate the enhanced drug release from polyacrylate films incorporating medium chain triglycerides, the author combined AFM studies with the complementary technique of Raman micro-spectroscopy. This experimental strategy revealed that the significant increase in the drug released from these films is the result of a nanoscale two-phase structure. Finally, in experiments examining the microporation of skin using femtosecond laser ablation, the author demonstrated that the threshold at which the skin's barrier function is undermined can be dramatically reduced by the pre-application of ink. The approach allows thermal damage at the pore edge to be minimised, suggesting a very real potential for substantially increasing drug delivery in a minimally invasive fashion.

Since the early 20th century, medical imaging has been dominated by monochrome imaging modalities such as x-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. As a result, color information has been overlooked in medical image analysis applications. Recently, various medical imaging modalities that involve color information have been introduced. These include cervicography, dermoscopy, fundus photography, gastrointestinal endoscopy, microscopy, and wound photography. However, in comparison to monochrome images, the analysis of color images is a relatively unexplored area. The multivariate nature of color image data presents new challenges for researchers and practitioners as the numerous methods developed for monochrome images are often not directly applicable to multichannel images. The goal of this volume is to summarize the state-of-the-art in the utilization of color information in medical image analysis.

An edited volume describing the latest developments in approaching the problem of polymer sequence analysis, with special emphasis on the most relevant biopolymers (peptides and DNA) but not limited to them. The chapters will include peptide sequence analysis, DNA sequence analysis, analysis of biopolymers and nonpolymers, sequence alignment problems, and more.

This book is devoted to research in the actual field of mathematical modeling in modern problems of plasma physics associated with vibrations and wake waves excited by a short high-power laser pulse. The author explores the hydrodynamic model of the wake wave in detail and from different points of view, within the framework of its regular propagation, a development suitable for accelerating electrons, and the final tipping effect resulting in unregulated energy transfer to plasma particles. Key selling features: Presents research directly related to the propagation of super-power short laser pulses (subject of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics). Presents mathematical modeling of plasma physics associated with vibrations and wake waves excited by a short high-power laser pulse. Includes studies of large-amplitude plasma oscillations. Most of the presented results are of original nature and have not appeared in the domestic and foreign scientific literature Written at a level accessible for researchers, academia, and engineers.

1) This book critically examines the medical biotechnology industry in India. 2) With the help of data and case studies, it showcases the role of various financial actors, state institutions, and academia in maintaining the biotechnology ecosystem. 3) This book will be of interest to departments of political economy and medical sociology across UK and USA.

Covers recent developments in materials like graphene reinforced magnesium metal matrix, magnesium, and its alloys. Discusses design and Analysis of Stainless Steel 316L for Femur Bone fracture healing. Covers advanced materials, their properties, and processing techniques. Provides advanced integrated design and nonlinear simulation problems occurring in the biomechanical engineering field.

"Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials" presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the latest advances in developing calcium phosphate biomaterials and their applications in medicine. It covers the fundamental structures, synthesis methods, characterization methods, and the physical and chemical properties of calcium phosphate biomaterials, as well as the synthesis and properties of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials in regenerative medicine and their clinical applications. The book brings together these new concepts, mechanisms and methods in contributions by both young and veteran academics, clinicians, and researchers to forward the knowledge and expertise on calcium phosphate and related materials. Accordingly, the book not only covers the fundamentals but also open new avenues for meeting future challenges in research and clinical applications.

Besim Ben-Nissan is a Professor of Chemistry and Forensic Science at the University of Technology, Sydney, Australia"

Host Response to Biomaterials explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications, with a focus on the host response to each biomaterial. It also explores the role of the immune system in host response, and covers the regulatory environment for biomaterials. The benefits of synthetic versus natural biomaterials are discussed, as is the transition from simple to complex biomaterial solutions.

Dr. Badylak and a team of expert contributors have pooled their experience in this volume, in order to contribute to the effort to make interactive biomaterials with the ability to respond to the tissue microenvironment and direct the host response. The range of fields covered is extensive; including, but not limited to, orthopaedic, surgery, dental, general surgery, neurosurgery, lower urinary tract, and regenerative medicine. This is one of the first books to connect immunology and biomaterials in regard to host response.

Author response to reviews;

I agree with the comments that were made especially regarding the intended emphasis upon the host response being the motivating concept behind the book. We really do not need another biomaterials textbook, but we do need something that interrogates and explains the host response. Much of the comments revolved around the titles of the sections/chapters and indeed that is easy enough to remedy. I am not interested in editing another book on various types of biomaterials, but obviously the various types of biomaterials will elicit a different and probably unique type of host response. This information will be important to not only practicing physicians, but also medical device companies designing next generation biomaterials, as well as students and research scientists interested in developing such materials for clinical use and regenerative medicine purposes. The key is the host response. The list of contributors will be scientists interested in the innate immune response, host-biomaterial interfaces, etc ..not classic material scientists. There are no textbooks to my knowledge with this focus in mind. One either has to go to the traditional immunology literature which is heavily slanted toward mechanisms of T-cell, B-cell, and dendritic cell biology, or to classic biomaterials literature and try to connect the two. The purpose of this textbook is to fill that void.

I do plan to change the TOC. The new table will reflect the host response emphasis of the chapters. FYI, when I prepared the draft of the TOC, I was thinking in terms of general categories of materials to which the host must respond (and the chapters that would address this). My error was in listing this with respect more to the different biomaterials rather than the host response. I will need to think of how to emphasize my intent in the chapter titles without sounding too repetitive.

There will definitely be a chapter, probably several, on combination/hybrid devices/materials. These will include the bioactive devices ie., devices functionalized with various bioactive factors. I will add this to the TOC.

I do not plan to place great emphasis on the regulatory issues regarding the materials and the host response but I will like suggest one chapter on the view of the regulatory agencies with respect to the various types of device categories
The host response to different classes of biomaterials
The impact of host response on the success or failure of a biomaterial
About regulations regarding combination devices"

Stochastic Modeling for Medical Image Analysis provides a brief introduction to medical imaging, stochastic modeling, and model-guided image analysis. Today, image-guided computer-assisted diagnostics (CAD) faces two basic challenging problems. The first is the computationally feasible and accurate modeling of images from different modalities to obtain clinically useful information. The second is the accurate and fast inferring of meaningful and clinically valid CAD decisions and/or predictions on the basis of model-guided image analysis. To help address this, this book details original stochastic appearance and shape models with computationally feasible and efficient learning techniques for improving the performance of object detection, segmentation, alignment, and analysis in a number of important CAD applications. The book demonstrates accurate descriptions of visual appearances and shapes of the goal objects and their background to help solve a number of important and challenging CAD problems. The models focus on the first-order marginals of pixel/voxel-wise signals and second- or higher-order Markov-Gibbs random fields of these signals and/or labels of regions supporting the goal objects in the lattice. This valuable resource presents the latest state of the art in stochastic modeling for medical image analysis while incorporating fully tested experimental results throughout.

This book discusses the applications, challenges, and future trends of machine learning in medical domain, including both basic and advanced topics. The book presents how machine learning is helpful in smooth conduction of administrative processes in hospitals, in treating infectious diseases, and in personalized medical treatments. The authors show how machine learning can also help make fast and more accurate disease diagnoses, easily identify patients, help in new types of therapies or treatments, model small-molecule drugs in pharmaceutical sector, and help with innovations via integrated technologies such as artificial intelligence as well as deep learning. The authors show how machine learning also improves the physician's and doctor's medical capabilities to better diagnosis their patients. This book illustrates advanced, innovative techniques, frameworks, concepts, and methodologies of machine learning that will enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the healthcare system. Provides researchers in machine and deep learning with a conceptual understanding of various methodologies of implementing the technologies in medical areas; Discusses the role machine learning and IoT play into locating different virus and diseases across the globe, such as COVID-19, Ebola, and cervical cancer; Includes fundamentals and advances in machine learning in the medical field, supported by significant case studies and practical applications.

This book provides a multifaceted look into the world of stem cells and explains the similarities and differences between plant and human stem cells. It explores the intersection between animals and plants and explains their cooperative role in bioengineering studies. The book treats both theoretical and practical aspects of stem cell research. It covers the advantages and limitations of many common applications related to stem cells: their sources, categories, engineering of these cells, reprogramming of their functions, and their role as novel cellular therapeutic approach. Written by experts in the field, the book focuses on aspects of stem cells ranging from expansion-propagation to metabolic reprogramming. It introduces the emergence of cancer stem cells and different modalities in targeted cancer stem cell therapies. It is a valuable source of fresh information for academics and researchers, examining molecular mechanisms of animal and plant stem cell regulation and their usage for therapeutic applications. Students at all levels of medical or engineering backgrounds will enjoy the case studies that illustrate and explain mechanisms, interactions, targeted effects, and multimodal therapeutic approaches. Academics, researchers, and professionals who want to expand their knowledge in this field will find this book an exceptional resource.

This book examines non-invasive, electrical-based methods for disease diagnosis and assessment of heart function. In particular, a formalized signal model is proposed since this offers several advantages over methods that rely on measured data alone. By using a formalized representation, the parameters of the signal model can be easily manipulated and/or modified, thus providing mechanisms that allow researchers to reproduce and control such signals. In addition, having such a formalized signal model makes it possible to develop computer tools that can be used for manipulating and understanding how signal changes result from various heart conditions, as well as for generating input signals for experimenting with and evaluating the performance of e.g. signal extraction methods. The work focuses on bioelectrical information, particularly electrical bio-impedance (EBI). Once the EBI has been measured, the corresponding signals have to be modelled for analysis. This requires a structured approach in order to move from real measured data to the model of the corresponding signals. This book proposes a generic framework for this procedure. It can be used as a guide for modelling impedance cardiography (ICG) and impedance respirography (IRG) signals, as well as for developing the corresponding bio-impedance signal simulator (BISS).

Emerging microbial and viral infections are a serious challenge to health, safety, and economics around the world. Antimicrobial and antiviral technologies are needed to disrupt the progression and replication of bacteria and viruses and to counter their rapidly evolving resistance. This book discusses recent developments in materials science and engineering in combating infectious diseases and explores advances in antimicrobial and antiviral materials, including polymers, metals, and ceramics and their applications in the fight against pathogens. Features * Covers progress in biomimetic antimicrobial and antiviral materials and antimicrobial/antiviral bulk materials and coatings * Describes modern methods for disinfection of biomedical materials against microbial and viral infection resistance, especially for depressing novel coronavirus (COVID-19) * Details methods to improve material properties to have a longer service life in combating infection * Emphasizes chemical, physical, mechanical, tribological, and antimicrobial/antiviral properties * Offers current and future applications of emerging antimicrobial/antiviral technologies This book will be of interest to materials researchers and industry professionals focusing on antimicrobial and antiviral applications.

This book gathers state-of-the-art research in computational engineering and bioengineering to facilitate knowledge exchange between various scientific communities. Computational engineering (CE) is a relatively new discipline that addresses the development and application of computational models and simulations often coupled with high-performance computing to solve complex physical problems arising in engineering analysis and design in the context of natural phenomena. Bioengineering (BE) is an important aspect of computational biology, which aims to develop and use efficient algorithms, data structures, and visualization and communication tools to model biological systems. Today, engineering approaches are essential for biologists, enabling them to analyse complex physiological processes, as well as for the pharmaceutical industry to support drug discovery and development programmes.

Most books discuss general and broad topics regarding molecular imagings. However, Ultrasmall Lanthanide Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Imaging and Therapy, will mainly focus on lanthanide oxide nanoparticles for molecular imaging and therapeutics. Multi-modal imaging capabilities will discussed, along with up-converting FI by using lanthanide oxide nanoparticles. The synthesis will cover polyol synthesis of lanthanide oxide nanoparticles, Surface coatings with biocompatible and hydrophilic ligands will be discussed and TEM images and dynamic light scattering (DLS) patterns will be provided. Various techniques which are generally used in analyzing the synthesized surface coated nanoparticles will be explored and this section will also cover FT , IR analysis, XRD analysis, SQUID analysis, cytotoxicity measurements and proton relaxivity measurements. In vivo MR images, CT images, fluorescence images will be provided and Therapeutic application of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles will be discussed. Finally, future perpectives will be discussed. That is, present status and future works needed for clinical applications of lanthanide oxide nanoparticles to molecular imagings will be discussed.