An up-to-date treatment of the scientific and commercial aspects of this increasingly popular medicinal plant genus, this volume covers material written by tea tree specialists dealing with significant aspects of "M. alternifolia", including botany, chemistry, cultivation, agronomy, processing, toxicology, bioactivity, uses and marketing. Cajuput ("M. cajaputi"), Niaouli ("M. quinquenervia") and potentially commercial "Melaleucas" are also reviews. The book is aimed at those concerned with the study and uses of medicinal and aromatic plants and provides a comprehensive and contemporary overview of the status of tea tree.

Creeping bentgrass is considered the premier turfgrass species grown on golf courses, and there is a growing demand for an understanding of its maintenance and management practices. Still the only comprehensive reference on the subject, Creeping Bentgrass Management, Second Edition helps you identify the factors that contribute to summer bentgrass decline and guides you in selecting the best approaches for stress and pest management. This full-color book delves into all aspects of modern approaches to creeping bentgrass management on golf courses. It describes the nature of mechanical, physiological, and environmental stresses and how they influence growth and management of creeping bentgrass. The book covers the selection of creeping bentgrass cultivars; cultural practices, including mowing, irrigation, and topdressing; the deleterious effects of organic and inorganic layers in golf greens; and ways to limit injury due to mechanical or physical stresses. It also discusses recent advances in the management of selected diseases and soil-related maladies of creeping bentgrass-from Pythium-incited root dysfunction to dollar spot, yellow tuft, and blue-green algae. The focus is on common disease symptoms, predisposing conditions, hosts, and cultural and chemical management strategies. Advances in biological disease control are also reviewed. The book offers practical guidance in selecting and using fungicides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators. It also discusses the use of non-selective herbicides and fumigants for the renovation of creeping bentgrass and outlines strategies for dealing with selected invertebrate pests. Throughout, color photographs help you identify diseases and stresses that may be affecting your own golf course. Fully revised and updated, this second edition of a bestseller features three new chapters, new photographs, and expanded information about diseases. Drawing on the author's more than thirty years of experience and research, it brings together a wealth of information on how to optimize creeping bentgrass health and performance. What's New in This Edition Three new chapters, covering the nature of fungicides, abiotic maladies, and selected invertebrate pests An expanded section on disease-double the length of the first edition Updated chapters that reflect the latest developments in creeping bentgrass management More extensive discussion of annual bluegrass problems and their management More than 100 new photos Tips from Dr. Dernoeden Watch these videos to get Dr. Dernoeden's tips on how to control dollar spot disease and crabgrass and how to identify fairy ring.

Microbial biosurfactant compounds are a group of structurally diverse molecules produced by microorganisms, and are mainly categorized according to their chemical structure. The diversity of microbial biosurfactants makes them versatile and means that they offer a range of capabilities, while at the same time being economically sustainable. As such, they have potential applications in environmental processes, as well as in food, biomedicine and other industries. This book discusses innovative approaches and cutting-edge research that utilize the various properties of biosurfactants. Drawing on research from around the globe, it provides an up-to-date review of biosurfactant applications and their importance in fields such as medicine, gene therapy, immunotherapy, antimicrobial bioremediation and agriculture. It also discusses their anti-adhesive properties. The book will appeal to academics and researchers in the field of microbiology, as well as policymakers. It also serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences.

Offering up-to-date information on the uses and composition of the plant, Advances in Hemp Research provides growers, researchers, manufacturers, and suppliers with methods and data for the processing and cultivation of hemp for textile and paper products. You will learn how recent advances in germplasm resources, breeding methods, and the improvement of physiological, morphological, and biochemical characteristics of the plant can strengthen hemp fiber, making it a profitable and important crop to study and to grow for uses in the textile and paper industries. Providing you with a complete update on the advances in research in several different areas, this text covers the entire spectrum of recent international hemp research and technological developments. Advances in Hemp Research discusses many factors essential to the improvement of the crop and its uses, including: breeding techniques, agronomical practices, increased stress tolerance, and processing techniques that will enable the plant to produce high-quality fibers new cultivars to distinguish licit from illicit field cultivation the recent advances in crop physiology, such as radiation use efficiency, harvest index, and dry matter yields cultivation practices such as soil structure, manuring, harvesting, and crop rotation and how they contribute to optimal growing conditions for the plant current disease and control measures that lessen parasitic damage and loss of crops storing, processing, and marketing hemp as a component of paper, pulp, fiber, and oilFurthering the advancement of cannabis as an environmentally friendly and useful crop, this text supplies you with the information you need to successfully grow healthier and more resilient plants. Advances in Hemp Research will benefit your breeding studies or your business ventures by providing you with information and laboratory results that will help you successfully grow the cannabis plant for commercial use.

The Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Minnesota serves as a living laboratory and provides scientists with a fundamental understanding of peatland hydrology, acid rain impacts, nutrient and carbon cycling, trace gas emissions, and controls on mercury transport in boreal watersheds. Its important role in scientific research continues to grow as the data gathered offers invaluable insight into environmental changes over the last century and goes far in answering many of today's pressing questions at landscape and global scales. Synthesizing five decades of research, Peatland Biogeochemistry and Watershed Hydrology at the Marcell Experimental Forest includes hundreds of research publications, dozens of graduate theses, and even some previously unpublished studies. Research at the MEF has been at the forefront of many scientific disciplines and these 15 chapters offer the depth and breadth of long-term studies on hydrology, biogeochemistry, ecology, and forest management on peatland watersheds at the MEF. Focusing on peatlands, lakes, and upland landscapes, the book begins with the pioneering research on hydrology done during the 1960s. It presents the innovative 1970's studies of atmospheric deposition; the 1980's research into nutrient cycles including carbon, nitrogen, and methane emissions; and the 1990's investigations into mercury deposition. The book concludes with a look at the latest and on-going studies such as this century's research into controls on methylmercury production and landscape-level carbon storage and cycling. Covering 50 years of research and written by a veritable who's who in peatland and forestry science, this important milestone in the collection of ecological data highlights bright prospects for future research, including the continuation of existing long-term measurements, the initiation of new monitoring programs, and plans for unprecedented studies on climate change.

Poppy, the third volume in the series Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles presents up-to-date information on Poppy and related species. The introduction emphasizes the importance of Poppy, giving a historical evaluation. in the chapters describing the botany and taxonomy of the genus some novel aspects are discussed, e.g., special morphological, structural differentiation. The chapters concerning the physiology and cultivation of Poppy and alternative raw materials give a detailed presentation of this complex issue. Beyond the detailed analysis of ecological factors affecting the accumulation of opiates, both the basic methods of illicit and licit cultivation are discussed. in this volume, for the first time, an evaluation of the Australian Poppy production is presented. Also discussed are the pharmalogical effectiveness and application of opiates, as well as the international control of their processing and trade, and the modern approach to compiling both the chemical and biotechnological information concerning poppy.
This comprehensive treatment of Poppy should be of interest to everyone involved in medicinal plant research.

This book is an elaboration of an earlier review of the ecology of fungi, and includes some material from that review. It provides an overview of fungi and its kingdom, mycogeography, genetics, autoecology and synecology, physiology, and its role in the ecosystem, and dispersion in the environment.

Bird migration is a well-researched phenological event. However, few studies in North America have investigated the effects of climate change and extreme weather on the relationships of migratory avian species and their seasonal resources. This is a critical gap in knowledge that limits our ability to prioritize management and conservation applications throughout the annual cycle. Phenological Synchrony and Bird Migration: Changing Climate and Seasonal Resources in North America explores critical linkages between migratory birds, their seasonal resources, and shifts in climate change and weather events. Gathered from projects conducted during spring or fall migration, the book covers topics such as: Conservation and management considerations for migratory birds throughout the United States with respect to climate change The relation of climate on the wintering grounds to spring migration of short- and long-distance migratory birds The relationships of migratory birds and their seasonal resources, and the nature of these relationships in the face of climate change and extreme weather events at stopover habitats in both spring and fall migration With contributions from over 40 researchers, and published in collaboration with and on behalf of the American Ornithological Society, this volume in the highly-regarded Studies in Avian Biology series will help readers understand the effects of climate change on migratory birds and will provide a solid basis for further inquiry and research in this area.

Freshwater ecosystems have the greatest species diversity per unit area and many endangered species. This book shows that, rather than being a marginal part of terrestrial protected area management, freshwater conservation is central to sustaining biodiversity. It focuses on better practices for conserving inland aquatic ecosystems in protected areas, including rivers, wetlands, peatlands, other freshwater and brackish ecosystems, and estuaries. The authors define inland aquatic ecosystems, showing just how diverse and widespread they are. They examine the principles and processes that are essential for the conservation of freshwater ecosystems and aquatic species. Major categories of threats to freshwater ecosystems and the flow-on implications for protected area design are described. Practical case studies are used to illustrate principles and practices applied around the world. Specific management needs of the main types of freshwater ecosystems are considered, as well as the management of freshwaters in the broader landscape, showing how natural resource governance processes can be harnessed to better manage freshwater biodiversity. The book offers commentary on how to adapt freshwater conservation practices to climate change and ends with an insightful synthesis.

Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases presents a comprehensive summary of methods currently available for the diagnosis of plant diseases caused by viruses and viroids. Up-to-date literature references are provided, brief accounts of the basis for particular methods are included, and detailed protocols are presented. Procedures discussed include the use of host plants, electron microscopy of in vitro preparations, serological procedures (especially forms of ELISA, monoclonal antibodies, serological specific electron microscopy, and immunoblotting), and nucleic acid hybridization procedures. Strategies are outlined for implicating virus-like pathogens as causes of diseases of unknown etiology, and problems involved in identifying complexes of transmission-dependent and helper viruses are discussed. The book will be extremely useful for phytopathologists, plant virologists, and research students and workers in plant virology laboratories and diagnostic plant pathology laboratories.

These volumes are an exhaustive source of information on the control and regulation of flowering. They present data on the factors controlling flower induction and how they may be affected by climate and chemical treatments. For each plant, specific information is provided on all aspects of flower development, including sex expression, requirements for flowering initiation and development, photoperiod, light density, vernalization, and other temperature effects and interactions. Individual species are described from the standpoint of juvenility and maturation, morphology, induction and morphogenesis to anthesis. All information is presented alphabetically for easy reference

The CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference contains almost 30,000 concise ethnobotanical monographs of plant species characteristics and an inventory of claimed attributes and historical uses by cultures throughout the world-the most ambitious attempt to date to inventory plants on a global scale and match botanical information with historical and current uses.To obtain the same information about any species listed, you would have to thumb through hundreds of herbal guides, ethnobotanical manuals, and regional field guides. Sources for this index include the three largest U.S. Government ethnobotany databases, the U.S. National Park Service NPFlora plant inventory lists, and 18 leading works on the subject.

"Cannabis sativa" has been a source of man-mad products for over 5000 years. This book contains a series of dissertations, supported by over 700 references, on the history, ethnobotany, chemistry and analysis, and cultivation and processing of cannabis. The medicinal and non-medicinal uses of the plant and its derivates are viewed in the context of national and international legislation to define and control its use. Developments in cannabinoid pharmacology research and receptor theory are also discussed.

One of the Major functions of this publication is to compare nutritional chemistry of as many plant species as possible.

Earlier books on the handling of plant chromosomes have not included many of the innovations in cytological techniques for many important crops that have become available in recent years, including information on associating genes with chromosomes. The aim of this book is to compile all the plant cytogenetic techniques, previously published in earlier books, into a laboratory manual. The first part of the book describes standard cytological techniques that are routinely used by students. The second part covers methods used for specific crops for which common cytological methods do not work satisfactorily. The third part discusses cytogenetic techniques (cytology and genetics) for physically locating genes on specific chromosomes. This novel book will be highly useful to students, teachers, and researchers as it is a convenient and comprehensive reference for all plant cytogenetic techniques and protocols.

The third most important cereal crop after wheat and corn, rice is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. This includes regions of high population density and rapid growth, indicating that rice will continue to be a major food crop in the next century. Mineral Nutrition of Rice brings together a wealth of information on the ecophysiology and nutrient requirements of rice. Compiling the latest scientific research, the book explains how to manage essential nutrients to maximize rice yield. The book examines 15 essential or beneficial nutrients used in irrigated, upland, and floating rice across a range of geographic regions. For each mineral, the text details the cycle in the soil-plant system as well as the mineral's functions, deficiency symptoms, uptake in plants, harvest index, and use efficiency. It then outlines management practices, covering application methods and timing, adequate rates, the use of efficient genotypes, and more. The author, an internationally recognized expert in mineral nutrition for crop plants, also proposes recommendations for the judicious use of fertilizers to reduce the cost of crop production and the risk of environmental pollution. Color photographs help readers identify nutrient deficiency symptoms and take the necessary corrective measures. Packed with useful tables and illustrations, this comprehensive reference guides readers who want to know how to increase rice yield, reduce production costs, and avoid environmental pollution from fertilizers. It offers practical information for those working in agricultural research fields, in laboratories, and in classrooms around the world.

Interest in herbal medicines, aromatherapy, and other traditional applications of aromatic plants has increased tremendously over the last few years. However, very little "hard data" on the properties and uses of these plants has been available until now. This handbook provides the most complete collection of chemical data available on aromatic mints (Lamiaceae). The authors introduce the new field of study, aromathematics, which involves aromatic compounds and their biological activities. This book contains a wealth of quantitative data, including more than 500 references on 10,839 chemicals from 251 assays of 205 unique taxa, combined with 3,324 biological activities and 256 recommended daily allowances and lethal doses. An exhaustive guide, the handbook is the ultimate resource for assessing the potential medicinal value of a particular species.

"If you can't beat it, eat it." Words of wisdom from the author of this portable guide that emphasizes finding practical uses for weeds rather than waging pesticidal war on them. CRC Handbook of Edible Weeds contains detailed descriptions and illustrations of 100 edible weeds, representing 100 genera of higher plant species. Some of the species are strictly American, but many are cosmopolitan weeds. Each account includes common names recognized by the Weed Science Society of America, standard Latin scientific names, uses, and distribution (geographic and ecological). Cautionary notes are included regarding the potential allergenic or other harmful properties of many of the weeds. CRC Handbook of Edible Weeds is an excellent volume for botanists, plant scientists, horticulturalists, herbalists, and others interested in the edibility and practical uses of weeds.

This handbook brings together in one place sources which entomologists, chemists, botanists, insect ecologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists may consult for information to supplement that reported herein on the subject of plant-derived feeding deterrents.

Our ambition in the organization of this book was to explore the current stus of knowledge about nucleic acids in plants. We wanted the reader to be able to learn how this research is being undertaken. Therefore, we asked the contributing authors to include details of approaches and methods. Where feasible, the have provided protocols that can be followed by those who wish to repeat results, extend data, make improvements, or use them in new applications.

This crucial reference focuses on the growth of vegetation on disturbed lands, specifically the problems of plant seeding and growth and the ecological consequences of that growth. This one-of-a-kind book covers the spectrum of plant development, including the creation of an acceptable rooting medium and seeding or planting, and discusses practices to enhance diversity and usefulness of the plant community. This handbook gives detailed examples of how to rehabilitate and restore damaged land and, in most cases, mined land. The book focuses on the complete restoration of soil, water, vegetation, and wildlife. It provides a thorough introduction to the science behind the practice and follows with practical examples. A complete, detailed list of genera and species to expedite restoration is also included.

In calling this series Molecular Plant Virology, I had in mind aspects of plant virology of interest to biochemists, molecular geneticists, biophysicists, genetic engineers, or, collectively,molecular biologists. At the same time, the intention was to provide up-to-date reviews, by expert contributors, on current research topics in plant virology of interest and referential use to virologists and plant biologists. The selected topics are pitched mainly at a research level, but with sufficient introduction and cross-referencing to enable graduate students to enter this fascinating field and, hopefully, not get lost.

The present work is organised such that the whole phenomenon of flowing is divided into two major steps: 1. the initiation of flower primordia and 2. The development of these primordia into mature flowers until anthesis.

In an attempt to improve communication between disciplines in this field, we have aimed to cover what we perceive to be all relevant aspects of photooxidative stress: from primary reactions to molecular genetics and the devising of strategies for engineering stress tolerance in plants. We hope to achieve a forum for new ideas, concepts, and approaches. The intellectual challenge also arose because we wished to produce a work that was accessible to both specialist and nonspecialist. We have encouraged our authors to provide personal perspectives of their topics while discussing them in depth. To this end, the nonspecialist will find that some chapters include relatively simple introductions and conclusions, e.g., Foyer and Harbinson (Chapter 1); Gressel and Galun (Chapter 10).

These volumes are an exhaustive source of information on the control and regulation of flowering. They present data on the factors controlling flower induction and how they may be affected by climate and chemical treatments. For each plant, specific information is provided on all aspects of flower development, including sex expression, requirements for flowering initiation and development, photoperiod, light density, vernalization, and other temperature effects and interactions. Individual species are described from the standpoint of juvenility and maturation, morphology, induction and morphogenesis to anthesis. All information is presented alphabetically for easy reference