First Published in 1988, this set offers a comprehensive insight into controlling diseases in plants. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for biologists, horticulturalists, other practitioners in their respective fields.

First published in 1988: This easy-to-read handbook provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on lichens. The structure of lichens and their dual nature is explained, as well as the physiology of interaction of the symbionts. The way lichens reproduce and their ecology is included, with methods for cultivating them and their isolated symbionts. Extremely useful as a text of lichenology, this handbook will benefit students of lichenology and allied fields, those interested in symbiotic associations and ecology, and teachers of biology, botany, and ecology courses.

Concise definitions and descriptions to more than 1,000 termsillustrated and fully referenced The Dictionary of Plant Tissue Culture is a user-friendly A-to-Z resource for the technical terms that apply to plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. Filled with illustrations of key concepts and references to up-to-date textbooks, papers, and reviews, this handy guidebook defines both the terms that come from plant tissue culture, and those that originate from plant anatomy, genetics, stress physiology, growth regular research, microbiology, and plant pathology. It's an essential resource for anyone involved in tissue culture or using plant tissue culture systems for plant cloning, secondary metabolic production, plant pathology, and genetic manipulations. The Dictionary of Plant Tissue Culture is an invaluable reference tool for teachers, students, and researchers working in basic and applied plant tissue culture. The book's entries are cross-referenced where appropriate, with references mainly to general textbooks on plant anatomy, biochemistry and histochemistry, developmental biology, genetics, microbiology, micropropagation, plant breeding, plant biotechnology, plant pathology and plant tissue culture. From ABA (abscisic acid) to zygotic embryo, this concise glossary will save you valuable time in your efforts to find concise definitions and descriptions to more than 1,000 terms. Entries to the Dictionary of Plant Tissue Culture include: acclimatization caulogenesis feeder cells hyperhydricity indexing micro-grafting phytosanitary certificate re-invigoration synseed totipotency and much more! The Dictionary of Plant Tissue Culture is an essential reference resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students, teachers, researchers, and technicians working in plant tissue culture and genetic engineering.

First published in 1985: This book presents a comprehensive survey of progress and current knowledge of those biochemical processes with greater potential for the development of superior cultivars: Photosynthesis, photorespiration, nitrate assimilation, biological nitrogen fixation, and starch and protein synthesis.

Analyzing features of Wittgenstein's philosophical work and including in-depth textual analyses, this study investigates the impact of Ludwig Wittgenstein's work on contemporary German and French novelists.

Drawing upon aesthetics, architectural history, philosophy of science, and photography, the book seeks to explain why references both to Wittgenstein as a person, as well as to his work are more pervasive than other equally renowned twentieth century philosophers and asks why some authors such as HAndler and Roubaud, are less well-known and only partially translated into English.

Key features: The most comprehensive resource available on the biodiversity of algal species, their industrial production processes and their use for human consumption in food, health and varied applications. Emphasis on basic and applied research, addressing aspects of scale-up for commercial exploitation for the development of novel phytochemicals (phytochemicals from algae). Addresses the underexplored and underutilized potential of chemicals from marine sources for health benefits. Each chapter, written by expert contributors from around the world, includes Summary Points, Figures and Tables, as well as up-to-date references. The first book in this two-volume set explores the diversity of algal constituents for health and disease applications. The commercial value of chemicals of value to food and health is about $6 billion annually, of which 30 percent relates to micro and macro algal metabolites and products for health food applications. This comprenhensive volume looks in detail at algal genomics and metabolomics as well as mass production of microalgae. As a whole, the two-volume set covers all micro and macro algal forms and their traditional uses; their constituents which are of value for food, feed, specialty chemicals, bioactive compounds for novel applications, and bioenergy molecules. Bio-business and the market share of algae-based products are also dealt with, providing global perspectives.

While one may not find ancient studies that substantiate the pomegranate's curative and preventive qualities, the exalted status of this fruit goes back as far as the history of agriculture itself. Allusions to the pomegranate are readily found in the oldest cultures of the Indus Valley, ancient China, and classical Greece, as well as in the Old Testament. To modern scientists, the biochemistry of the pomegranate is as equally fascinating as its storied place in literature and religion. Providing an unprecedented compilation of scientific information, Pomegranates: Ancient Roots to Modern Medicine offers an exploration of the biochemistry, health effects, and cultivation of the pomegranate that is as authoritative as it is unparalleled. Featuring the contributions of a multidisciplinary and international team of prominent researchers, it presents the latest findings on the potential human health benefits of this exceptionally polyphenol-rich fruit. As the research indicates, the physiological effects of pomegranate juice constituents are remarkable in their preventive potential against two of the major chronic diseases of aging - heart disease and cancer. Many of the pioneering researchers responsible for initiating our newfound fascination with pomegranates discuss its biochemistry, detailing the location and action of the phytochemicals found in the fruit's flesh, peels and seeds. They present evidence of the pomegranate's impact on heart disease, including its ability to enhance nitric oxide production in endothelial cells. They also reveal the significant antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects attributed to the pomegranate in battling several different types of cancer cells, as well as its ability to retard tumor growth in animals. Recognizing that the pomegranate is only as valuable as it is available, the editors include a substantial section on commercialization and another on plant growth and improvement. These additions mak

2008 NOMINEE The Council on Botanical and Horticultural Libraries Annual Award for a Significant Work in Botanical or Horticultural Literature From medicinal, industrial, and culinary uses to cutting-edge laboratory techniques in modern research and plant conservation strategies, Natural Products from Plants, Second Edition reveals a vastly expanded understanding of the natural products that plants produce. In a single volume, this bookoffers a thorough inventory of the various types of plant-derived compounds. It covers their chemical composition, structure, and properties alongside the most effective ways to identify, extract, analyze, and characterize new plant-derived compounds. The authors examine new information on the chemical mechanisms plants use to deter predators and pathogens, attract symbiotic organisms, and defend themselves against environmental stress-insights which are key for adapting such mechanisms to human health. Along with updated and revised information from the highly acclaimed first edition, the second edition presents seven new chapters and features more than 50% new material relating to plant constituents, natural product biochemistry, and molecular biology. The book incorporates in-depth treatment of natural product biosynthesis with new collection and extraction protocols, advanced separation and analytical techniques, up-to-date bioassays, as well as modern molecular biology and plant biotechnology for the production of natural products. Unique in its breadth and coverage, Natural Products from Plants, Second Edition belongs on the shelf of interested researchers, policymakers, and consumers- particularly those involved in disease prevention, treatment, and pharmaceutical applications-who need a complete guide to the properties, uses, and study of plant natural products.

When first published in 2009, Nature's Matrix set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This new edition pushes the frontier of the biodiversity/agriculture debate further, making an even stronger case for the need to transform agriculture and support small- and medium-scale agroecology and food sovereignty. In the first edition, the authors set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This is based on the concept of a landscape as a matrix of diverse, small-scale agricultural ecosystems, providing opportunities to enhance conservation under the stewardship of local farmers. This contrasts with the alternative view of industrial-scale farms and large protected areas which exclude local people. However, since then the debate around conservation and agriculture has developed significantly and this is reflected in this updated second edition. The text is thoroughly revised, including: a reorganization of chapters with new and timely topics introduced, updates to the discussion of agroecology and food sovereignty, bringing it in line with the current debates, greater coverage of the role of agroecology, in particular agroforestry, as an important component of climate change adaptation and mitigation, highlighting recent studies on the role of intensive agriculture in climate change and loss of biodiversity, and more attention given to the discussion of land sparing versus land sharing. By integrating the ecological aspects of agriculture and conservation biology, with a political and social analysis as well as historical perspective, the book continues to set a progressive agenda and appeals to a wide range of students and professionals.

Plants Matter explores how plants and people live together. This is not only a book about the importance of plants and how people use them, but it argues also that knowing the world is achieved-with plants. In addition to populating the landscape, plants alter human physiology in multiple material ways, through gatherings or through sensorial conversations using the chemistry of taste, perfume, colour, sound and textures. The chapters gathered in this volume offer a range of interdisciplinary perspectives that use ethnographic and ethnobotanical information to explore how the behaviours and capacities of certain plants around the world have enticed, excited and even seduced people to pay attention.

The book is presenting a comprehensive information on fundamental, and applied knowledge of Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. infecting cruciferous crops, and weeds. Clubroot of crucifers has spread over more than 88 countries of the world with average annual loss of cruciferous crops from 10-15 per cent at global level. It is considered as a disease of cultivation since once introduced in a field, its inoculum piles up year by year in the form of resilient resting spores of P. brassicae which spreads in the field through field operations. This disease is very unique since the pathogen can survive in the soil in the rhizosphere of non-host plants in addition to its main host cruciferous species, cultivated or wild. This book complies inclusive information about the disease, its geographical distribution, symptoms, host range, yield losses, and disease assessment scales. The book also explores host-parasite interactions in the form of seed infection, disease cycle, process of infection, pathogenesis, epidemiology and forecasting. Chapters discuss the genetic and molecular mechanisms of host-parasite relationships, management practices including cultural, chemical, biological control practices, and other integrated approaches. The book is immensely useful to researchers, teachers, extension specialists, farmers, and all others who are interested to grow healthy and profitable cruciferous crops all over the world. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture and especially plant pathology. National and international agricultural scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read.

Swathes of the human world are covered in ornamental grass lawns; they are the single most commonly encountered horticultural feature on the planet. Unfortunately, they are now often viewed as resource-draining green deserts due to the lack of plant and animal diversity, the need for frequent mowing and watering, and addition of lawn greening products to keep them looking at their best. It is a venerable horticultural feature that is essentially frozen in time, and with few alternatives to whet the appetite, the lawn has languished in its current grass-only format for decades. Until now. Tapestry lawns are a new, practically researched and timely development of the ornamental lawn format that integrates both horticultural practice and ecological science and re-determines the potential of a lawn. Mown barely a handful of times a year and with no need for fertilisers or scarifying, tapestry lawns are substantially richer in their diversity of plant and animal life compared to traditional grass-only lawns and see the return of flowers and colour to a format from which they are usually purposefully excluded. Tapestry Lawns: Freed from Grass and Full of Flowers traces the changes in the lawn format from its origins to the modern day and offers information on how and why the tapestry lawn construct is now achievable. It provides guidance on how to create and maintain a tapestry lawn of your own and champions the potential benefits for wildlife that can follow. Features Accessible and informative to all types of readers from academic to amateur Includes a refined and tested set of useful tapestry lawn plants Contains step-by-step instructions for creation and management methods of grass-free lawns Illustrated in full colour If you have ever thought about mowing your lawn much less, making it much more colourful and wildlife friendly, then this book will inform and guide you to create a perfect, grass-free lawn.

In-depth knowledge of the chemistry of medicinal plants is essential in understanding the manifold utilities of such plants; and to enhance our understanding of the quality of raw materials, extracts and formulations; and in marketing plant-derived drugs. The selection of plants studied in this treatise is based on its significance, and its representation of members of different taxonomic families as well as of different classes (and subclasses) of compounds. All the available data on the chemical compounds and the pharmacological studies on these plants/compounds have been incorporated. The plants are arranged by the type and nature of chemical compounds they contain. Secondary metabolites have been included in this volume due to their great therapeutic role.

Pulping and Papermaking of Non-wood Plant Fibres presents the latest technologies associated with the papermaking process. With chapters specific to each non-wood species, the book provides step-by-step guidance on processes such as pulping, bleaching, blending and beating. Non-wood fibers are practical for pulp and paper production due to their chemical content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin percentages. Beginning with a general overview of non-wood fibers in the papermaking process, chapters then take a deep dive into different raw materials and their processes, including bamboo, corn stalk, pineapple leaves and sugarcane. This book is an essential resource for researchers, scientists and industry specialists.

Originally published in 1972, Homo Sapiens examines how humans emerged from among the millions of other species and achieved our unique position within the animal kingdom. The book examines what direction future evolution will take and what may be regarded as the 'meaning' of human existence. It stipulates that these are the questions for which no real basis of discussion existed before the 20th century, and at the time of publication, some were still without a definite answer. The book sets out analyse these questions and the continuing debate that has arisen from their study. This is an account of the uniqueness of man in the animal kingdom, how this uniqueness arose during evolution, and what traces of it can be detected in animals other than man. The book describes the mental and physical evolution of man, from his earliest ancestors to the present day. He also gives an account of man's cultural development seeking to establish that there is an underlying principal of cultural evolution, a principle that has been denied by many historians. Later chapters deal with the future and with possible forecasts of mankind's further physical, intellectual and cultural evolution.

A field guide for the wildflowers of the Texas High Plains. 141 color photographs and descriptions, glossary of terms, and key to the various flower families.

The author offers an overview of pollen biology and biotechnology for students and researchers in areas such as reproductive biology, biotechnology, aeropalynology, plant breeding, horticulture, and forestry. Citing more than 1,500 references to pollen research, the text covers topics including advances in understanding pollen tube growth, the use of pollen for gene transfer, and advantages and disadvantages of various pollination systems for production of species limits.

This classic work is the standard reference on Biblical botany. Two hundred and thirty plants mentioned in the Bible are treated in detail, beginning with references in scripture and proceeding to botanical descriptions of appearance and use; references in the non-Christian literature of antiquity and in the writings of non-botanical travelers in the Holy Land; etymological comparisons; comparative plant lore; symbolism and variations in translations of the Bible. The work clarifies many Biblical passages and references, and gives fascinating insights into daily life in Biblical and earlier times through plant use. Plants dealt with include henna, cinnamon, cotton, myrrh, cedar, sandalwood, myrtle, mandrake, lilies, and thorns. There are line drawings, a bibliography, index to Bible verses, general index and a section of plates.

The book covers both the basics of plant chromosomes as well as advances such as molecular characteristics, to give the reader an understanding of the chromosome as vehicle of hereditary transmission. It is meant for all levels of students in genetics, evolution, and biodiversity.

This book looks at significant current grassland problems and issues, and provides an insight into grassland productivity in diverse areas of the world, with their various production systems. There is a focus on recent technical advances and the prospects for further innovation, through twenty-one chapters by eminent grassland scientists, grouped into seven sections - forage germplasm; forage conservation; grass-based systems and organic production; climate change, biodiversity and biotechnology; geographical information systems; farmer and pastoralist participation; and regional developments. The book is timely in view of the expanding human and livestock populations, especially in arid and semi-arid environments, with the consequent pressure on the world's grasslands.

Introductory text for students of genetics is general and the students of agronomy as the book gives numerous agronomic applications.

Increasingly, forensic scientists use plant evidence to reconstruct crimes. The forensic aspects of this subject require an understanding of what is necessary for botanical evidence to be accepted in our judicial system. Bringing together the latest information into a single resource, Forensic Botany: Principles and Applications to Criminal Casework introduces the basic science underlying this emerging field of forensic botany. Contributors discuss the recognition of pertinent plant evidence at a crime scene, the appropriate collection and preservation of the material, and maintenance of a chain of custody. They also explain scientific testing methods, the validation of new forensic techniques, and admissibility criteria for court. An overview of plant biology and historical developments in forensic DNA analysis is also included, as well as case examples featuring the use of botanical evidence in a variety of criminal cases. In an effort to build the scientific foundation for this promising field, this book provides definitive coverage of forensic botany with detailed applications and case examples. It familiarizes forensic scientists with the role of botanical evidence in criminal investigations and its potential value in the pursuit of justice.

Several excellent books have been published that address one or more aspects of the diverse field of industrial mycology, but none of them cover the entire process of fungal bioactive metabolites discovery. Until now. The Handbook of Industrial Mycology provides, in one volume, an overview of recent developments in industrial mycology with emphasis on the discovery of bioactive metabolites and, most importantly, their underlying biology and genetics. Two additional features distinguish this book from other books in the field: 1) most chapters are prepared using experimental data to illustrate theories and 2) the authors provide methodologies and experimental protocols in their chapters. Presenting a comprehensive overview of recent advances, the book provides a framework of basic methods, tools, and organizational principles for channeling fungal germplasm into the academic, pharmaceutical, and enzyme discovery laboratories. It covers the complex range of processes involved in the discovery, characterization, and profiling of bioactive fungal metabolites. The book includes examples of several recently marketed fungal metabolites and explores the impact of fungi on applications in the pharmaceutical, food and beverage, agricultural, and agrochemical industries.

Biotechnology revolutionized traditional plant breeding programs. This rapid change produced new discussions on techniques and opportunities for commerce, as well as a fear of the unknown. Plant Development and Biotechnology addresses the major issues of the field, with chapters on broad topics written by specialists. The book applies an informal style that addresses the major aspects of development and biotechnology with minimal references, without sacrificing information or accuracy. Divided into five primary parts , this volume explores how the field emerged from its early theoretical base to the technical discipline of today. It also covers progress being made with genetically engineered plants, providing a snapshot of the field's controversial present. Part III discusses methods for preparing media, creating solutions and dilutions, and accomplishing sterile culture work. It investigates common methods for visualizing and documenting studies, and quantifying responses of tissue culture in research.P art IV delivers the essential foundation of plant tissue culture, introducing the three types of commonly used culture regeneration systems.; Part V integrates propagation technique

Forests cover thirty-one percent of the world's land surface, provide habitats for animals, livelihoods for humans, and generate household income in rural areas of developing countries. They also supply other essential amenities, for instance, they filter water, control water runoff, protect soil erosion, regulate climate, store nutrients, and facilitate countless non-timber forest products (NTFPs). The main NTFPs comprise herbs, grasses, climbers, shrubs, and trees used for food, fodder, fuel, beverages, medicine, animals, birds and fish for food, fur, and feathers, as well as their products, like honey, lac, silk, and paper. At present, these products play an important role in the daily life and well-being of millions of people worldwide. Hence the forest and its products are very valuable and often NTFPs are considered as the 'potential pillars of sustainable forestry'. NTFPs items like food, herbal drugs, forage, fuel-wood, fountain, fibre, bamboo, rattans, leaves, barks, resins, and gums have been continuously used and exploited by humans. Wild edible foods are rich in terms of vitamins, protein, fat, sugars, and minerals. Additionally, some NTFPs are used as important raw materials for pharmaceutical industries. Numerous industry-based NTFPs are now being exported in considerable quantities by developing countries. Accordingly, this sector facilitates employment opportunities in remote rural areas. So, these developments also highlight the role of NTFPs in poverty alleviation in different regions of the world. This book provides a wide spectrum of information on NTFPs, including important references. We hope that the compendium of chapters in this book will be very useful as a reference book for graduate and postgraduate students and researchers in various disciplines of forestry, botany, medical botany, economic botany, ecology, agroforestry, and biology. Additionally, this book should be useful for scientists, experts, and consultants associated with the forestry sector.