Challenges the paradigm that the measure of consequence (losses) is a good indicator of safety effort. Introduces three luck factors that determine the course of the accident sequence. Explains what causes accidents, their consequences, and how to prevent them. Discusses hazard identification, risk assessment, and flawed safety management system. Showcases accident immediate causes including high-risk (unsafe) acts and high-risk (unsafe) conditions.

Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, 4th Edition Student International Version prepares students to formulate and solve material and energy balances in chemical process systems and lays the foundation for subsequent courses in chemical engineering. The text provides a realistic, informative, and positive introduction to the practice of chemical engineering.

Presents critical discussion on various advancement on various extraction process including future trends. Provides elaborative description of food waste sources and challenges associated with it. Highlights potential of bioactive compounds in various industries. Quantitatively discusses existing as well as new technologies/methodologies. Includes a separate chapter on pertinent policies of various countries.

All too often the assessment of structural vulnerability is thought of only in terms of security upgrades, guards, and entrance barriers. However, in order to fully ensure that a building is secure, the process of design and construction must also be considered. Building Vulnerability Assessments: Industrial Hygiene and Engineering Concepts focuses on the range of vulnerabilities that can and should be addressed from design implementation through securing a building from intrusion from all types of threats.

Customized Recommendations for Individual Structures

The book begins with an outline for vulnerability assessments conducted either in-house or in coordination with a third party. The text is presented in a way that facilitates modifications for an organization s particular needs. The authors present summaries of regulations that are used to determine if chemicals create a risk to off-site locations or constitute a homeland security vulnerability. They also discuss physical security and chemical, biological, and radioactive (CBR) threat potentials.

Highlights the Threat of Biological Contamination

The remainder of the book discusses control systems to reduce vulnerabilities, emphasizing ventilation system controls. Since a building or facility which is already contaminated is easier to contaminate further, the authors put a heavy focus on new, latent, and residual chemical and biological contamination within building infrastructures. The book concludes by presenting basic emergency planning recommendations and offering recommendations for assessment programs and emergency drills.

This volume, comprising the wisdom of scientists and engineers who have dealt in the past with building and site failures, assists future designers and operations and emergency planners in making decisions that may lessen the impact of emergencies and help to prevent them from occurring in the first place. By taking a multi-faceted approach to building security, those charged with protecting a structure s vulnerability can help to ensure that crisis is averted.

During the past 10 years a large variety of new multiphase polymer-based materials have been studied from a morphological point of view. Simultaneously, huge progress has been achieved in microscopy. These circumstances underline the need for a reference that delineates the differences of various types of nanostructures in multiphase polymer-based materials. Multiphase Polymer-Based Materials: An Atlas of Phase Morphology at the Nano and Micro Scale presents up-to-date coverage of developments in this field in a practical and easy to use format.

Illustrates Microscopic Tools for Phase Morphology Investigation

The author sifted through an encyclopedic amount of information to provide a selection of more than 550 microscopy pictures resulting from the observation of multiphase polymer-based materials. These illustrations include micro and nanopolymer blends, micro and nanocomposites, micro and nano phases in copolymers, thermosets, and thermoplastic blends that were intensively developed over the past decade. Each picture includes a detailed explanation of how to attain these materials, how the samples were prepared, and how the observations were conducted.

A Practical Straightforward Approach to Microscopic Observation

The book examines the various microscopic tools employed for the investigation of the phase morphology, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each. It provides a practical, straightforward approach for dealing with the microscopic observation of phase morphology in multicomponent polymer blends and nanocomposites.

It is well known that the world is becoming increasingly globalized. Globalization implies the continual movement of people, money, products, technology, and information across national boundaries over time. This movement can have a huge impact on communication, jobs, business, politics, and technology. Not surprisingly, globalization has generated both challenges and opportunities for the chemistry enterprise. This book focuses on the transnational opportunties for the global chemistry enterprise. The book is divided into two sections: 1) Transnational Study, Research and Careers, and 2) International Entrepreneurship. Because the emphasis of this book is on internationalization and globalization, anyone interested in the global aspects of the chemistry enterprise will find the book useful. The topics include future chemistry curriculum, global preparedness of students, international education exchange and research opportunities, study-abroad programs, and international research collaborations.

The text highlights the importance of achieving a safe and healthy working environment in the food and beverage processing industry. It provides information on food and beverage manufacturing disease, injury management, safer steps for employees to get back to work, discusses food security, safety, biosecurity, defense food safety, and quality including food adulteration. * Discusses fundamentals of occupational health and safety in the food and beverage industry. * Highlight standards and legislations as related to occupational health and safety for food and beverage processing sectors. * Covers hazards, elements, accident prevention, various hazards present in food and beverage sectors, and their disease and injury management. * Explores ethical issues in agri-food processing sectors and their effects on sustainability. * Introduces importance, organization, and management for food and beverage processing sectors to prevent losses. The text is primarily written for professionals in the fields of occupational health and safety, food engineering, chemical engineering, and process engineering.

Apply an Omnibus of Knowledge from Leaders in the Field The unexpected diversity of topics presented at previous gatherings forced organizers of 2008's 22nd Conference on Catalysis of Organic Reactions to expand its format to reflect the remarkable current degree of specialization in the field. Catalysis of Organic Reactions contains a compilation of papers presented at the event, and subsequently, few books will be able to match the breadth and depth of its content. Featuring papers by respected scientists from academia, industry, and the governmental research-and-development sector, it covers various aspects of the production, sale, and use of catalysts for practical purposes. Articles concentrate on the general area of catalyzed synthesis, emphasizing the production of organic chemicals. With a focus on application rather than theory, the dominant theme is the traditionally practiced area of heterogeneous catalysis. Topics include: Hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis C-C coupling Amination and oxidation (including the precious metal, supported base metal, and sponge metal, Raney process, and homogeneous catalyst types) End uses of products, including industrial petrochemicals, fine chemicals, and pharma intermediates Those working with applied catalysis will benefit greatly from this consolidation of insights and reviews of the latest developments in the field. Each of the papers presented were edited by ORCS members, drawn from both academia and industry, and peer-reviewed by experts in related fields of study.

Separation and characterization of materials is an essential step in the advancement of science and technology. The need for separation and characterization could arise from wishes to obtain purified samples with less contaminants, requirements for quality control of materials for downstream applications, or needs to identify structures and conformations of active species present in the applications. The types of materials encountered in applications are diverse, from synthetic polymers and biological derived biopolymers to micro or submicro particles and various conjugated or self-assembled nanomaterials. This makes the task of separation and characterization challenging. There is no one-size-fits-all approach. Scientists, whether working in academia or in industries, are constantly facing new challenges. Communication between scientists is essential for keeping each other updated on developments in the field. This was the motivation for organizing the symposium on "Recent Progress in Separation of Macromolecules and Particulates" at the 2017 Spring National American Chemical Society (ACS) Meeting in San Francisco. Symposiums based on such a theme have been organized several times in ACS meetings as well as in other settings, but no such symposium books have been published. Hence, the editors decided to put together this symposium book, based on the talks presented at the symposium, in the hope that knowledge shared at the meeting can be shared more broadly within the community and beyond.

In the 1980's sonochemistry was considered to be a rather restricted branch of chemistry involving the ways in which ultrasound could improve synthetic procedures, predominantly in heterogeneous systems and particularly for organometallic reactions. Within a few years the subject began to expand into other disciplines including food technology, environmental protection and the extraction of natural materials. Scientific interest grew and led to the formation of the European Society of Sonochemistry in 1990 and the launch of a new journal Ultrasonics Sonochemistry in 1994. The subject continues to develop as an exciting and multi-disciplinary science with the participation of not only chemists but also physicists, engineers and biologists. The resulting cross-fertilisation of ideas has led to the rapid growth of interdisciplinary research and provided an ideal way for young researchers to expand their knowledge and appreciation of the ways in which different sciences can interact. It expands scientific knowledge through an opening of the closed doors that sometimes restrict the more specialist sciences. The journey of exploration in sonochemistry and its expansion into new fields of science and engineering is recounted in "Sonochemistry Evolution and Expansion" written by two pioneers in the field. It is unlike other texts about sonochemistry in that it follows the chronological developments in several very different applications of sonochemistry through the research experiences of the two authors Tim Mason and Mircea Vinatoru. Designed for chemists and chemical engineers Written by two experts and practitioners in the subject Volume 1 covers the historical background and evolution of sonochemistry Volume 2 explains the wider applications and expansion of the subject VOLUME 1 Fundamentals and Evolution This volume traces the evolution of sonochemistry from the very beginning when the effects of acoustic cavitation were first reported almost as a scientific curiosity. The major developments of the subject from the 1980's are described by the authors who became active participants in the field during that period. A chapter is devoted to ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE) which illustrates the different ways in which sonochemical technologies can be applied in both batch and flow modes leading to the development of large-scale processing. The chapter on environmental protection shows the wide range of applications of sonochemistry in this important field for both biological and chemical decontamination.

This textbook introduces the elementary basics of hydrochemistry with special focus on reaction equilibria in aquatic systems and their mathematical description. Topics discussed in this textbook include: structure and properties of water, concentration measures and activities, colligative properties, basics of chemical equilibria, gas-water partitioning, acid/base reactions, precipitation/dissolution, calco-carbonic equilibrium, redox reactions, complex formation, and sorption. Examples within the text as well as problems to be solved by the reader support the acquisition of knowledge. Complete and detailed solutions to the problems are given in a separate chapter.

At a fundamental level, reticular chemistry offers an intellectually-stimulating journey through discovery, rational design, structural characterization, and technology-driven properties and applications. The breadth of science, techniques, and applications experienced through reticular chemistry is unseen in other fields. Accordingly, based on 30 years of reported research, Reticular Chemistry and Applications: Metal-Organic Frameworks critically details the most important knowledge and know-how available to help old and new reticular chemists alike embark on a project based on these fascinating materials. Overview of the state-of-the-art approaches in design, synthesis, and structural characterization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) MOFs applied toward carbon dioxide capture and conversion, methane and hydrogen storage, and industrially-practical catalysis MOFs for energy conversion and storage, water purification and harvesting, and targeted delivery of biologically-relevant molecules Contributions from a multidisciplinary, international consortium of widely-respected reticular chemists

Supercritical fluid extraction is an environmentally safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional organic solvents. Carbon dioxide is widely used as the solvent of choice for applications such as caffeine and nicotine extraction due to its mild critical temperature, nontoxicity, nonflammability, and low cost. Introducing the most complete collection of supercritical CO2 solubility data currently available, Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide features experimental data on more than 780 solutes in consistent units and an easily accessible format.

This book reflects the authors' painstaking efforts to compile solubility data for an extensive variety of compounds including liquids, solids, polymers, foods, drugs, nutraceuticals, pesticides, dyes, and metal complexes. Each of the more than 1200 tables is arranged in alphabetical order by compound, includes a graphical plot of its data, and features the following information: Compound name, molecular formula, and molecular weight Temperature and pressure given in Kelvin and bar, respectively Name and amount of cosolvent, if applicable Molar or mass solubility, when applicable Mole- or mass-fraction solubility Synonyms for the compound, where available Reference source for the data

Density data for CO2 appears in one appendix, while a complete list of solutes by molecular formula appears in the other. Clear, consistent, and carefully organized, Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide is the most convenient quick-lookup guide for reliable data.

An introduction to the state-of-the-art of the diverse self-assembly systems Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles provides an effective entry for new researchers into this exciting field while also giving the state of the art assessment of the diverse self-assembling systems for those already engaged in this research. Over the last twenty years, self-assembly has emerged as a distinct science/technology field, going well beyond the classical surfactant and block copolymer molecules, and encompassing much larger and complex molecular, biomolecular and nanoparticle systems. Within its ten chapters, each contributed by pioneers of the respective research topics, the book: Discusses the fundamental physical chemical principles that govern the formation and properties of self-assembled systems Describes important experimental techniques to characterize the properties of self-assembled systems, particularly the nature of molecular organization and structure at the nano, meso or micro scales. Provides the first exhaustive accounting of self-assembly derived from various kinds of biomolecules including peptides, DNA and proteins. Outlines methods of synthesis and functionalization of self-assembled nanoparticles and the further self-assembly of the nanoparticles into one, two or three dimensional materials. Explores numerous potential applications of self-assembled structures including nanomedicine applications of drug delivery, imaging, molecular diagnostics and theranostics, and design of materials to specification such as smart responsive materials and self-healing materials. Highlights the unifying as well as contrasting features of self-assembly, as we move from surfactant molecules to nanoparticles. Written for students and academic and industrial scientists and engineers, by pioneers of the research field, Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles is a comprehensive resource on diverse self-assembly systems, that is simultaneously introductory as well as the state of the art.

Written by a highly regarded author with industrial and academic experience, this new edition of an established bestselling book provides practical guidance for students, researchers, and those in chemical engineering. The book includes a new section on sustainable energy, with sections on carbon capture and sequestration, as a result of increasing environmental awareness; and a companion website that includes problems, worked solutions, and Excel spreadsheets to enable students to carry out complex calculations.

The definitive guide to organic coatings, thoroughly revised and updated--now with coverage of a range of topics not covered in previous editions Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, Fourth Edition offers unparalleled coverageof organic coatings technology and its many applications. Written by three leading industry experts (including a new, internationally-recognized coatings scientist) it presents a systematic survey of the field, revises and updates the material from the previous edition, and features new or additional treatment of such topics as superhydrophobic, ice-phobic, antimicrobial, and self-healing coatings; sustainability, artist paints, and exterior architectural primers. making it even more relevant and useful for scientists and engineers in the field, as well as for students in coatings courses. The book incorporates up-to-date coverage of recent developments in the field with detailed discussions of the principles underlying the technology and their applications in the development, production, and uses of organic coatings. All chapters in this new edition have been updated to assure consistency and to enable extensive cross-referencing. The material presented is also applicable to the related areas of printing inks and adhesives, as well as areas within the plastics industry. This new edition Completely revises outdated chapters to ensure consistency and to enable extensive cross-referencing Correlates the empirical technology of coatings with the underlying science throughout Provides expert troubleshooting guidance for coatings scientists and technologists Features hundreds of illustrative figures and extensive references to the literature A new, internationally-recognized coatings scientist brings fresh perspective to the content. Providing a broad overview for beginners in the field of organic coatings and a handy reference for seasoned professionals, Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, gives you the information and answers you need, when you need them.

Interest in structured catalysts is steadily increasing due to the already proven, as well as potential, advantages of these catalysts. Updating the comprehensive coverage of the first edition published in 1998 with the latest science and applications, Structured Catalysts and Reactors, Second Edition gives detailed information on all aspects of structured catalysts and reactors, including: materials, mass transfer, selectivity, activity, and stability; catalyst preparation, design, and characterization; process development; modeling and optimization; reactor design; and operation costs and considerations.

The book first examines how monolithic catalysts are used to clean exhaust gas from gasoline engines, treat industrial off-gases, burn fuels in commercial settings, and synthesize chemicals in two- and three-phase processes. It discusses configurations, microstructure, physical properties, and manufacture of ceramic and metallic monoliths before directing its focus to arranged catalysts and structured packings in terms of mass transfer. The book then explores catalytically active membranes and filters, featuring metallic membranes, permeation mechanisms, preparation and modeling, commercial membranes, and the latest applications, such as zeolitic membranes. Finally, several chapters present techniques for incorporating catalytic species into the structured catalyst support and controlling catalyst nanoporosity.

This book conveys the scientific as well as economic advantages of using these unconventional catalytic techniques. With over 1500 references, tables, drawings, and photographs, as well as in-depth discussions and a new approach to catalytic processes, StructuredCatalysts and Reactors, Second Edition is an essential reference for anyone working with or studying catalysis.

The book presents a unique view of failure analysis of high technology devices. It describes capabilities and limitations of many analytical techniques and testing paths and decisions best followed in example failure analysis studies.

Advanced Power Generation Systems: Thermal Sources evaluates advances made in heat-to-power technologies for conventional combustion heat and nuclear heat, along with natural sources of geothermal, solar, and waste heat generated from the use of different sources. These advances will render the landscape of power generation significantly different in just a few decades. This book covers the commercial viability of advanced technologies and identifies where more work needs to be done. Since power is the future of energy, these technologies will remain sustainable over a long period of time. Key Features Covers power generation and heat engines Details photovoltaics, thermo-photovoltaics, and thermoelectricity Includes discussion of nuclear and renewable energy as well as waste heat This book will be useful for advanced students, researchers, and professionals interested in power generation and energy industries.

Many elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field.

Many elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field.

Many elements and inorganic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for numerous applications, e. g., construction materials, inorganic pigments, inorganic coatings, steel, glass, technical gases, energy storage and conversion materials, fertilizers, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, photofunctional materials, semiconductors, superconductors, soft- and hard magnets, technical ceramics, hard materials, or biomedical and bioactive materials. The present book is written by experienced authors who give a comprehensive overview on the many chemical and physico-chemical aspects related to application of inorganic compounds and materials in order to introduce senior undergraduate and postgraduate students (chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers) into this broad field.

Present the main anthropological and non-anthropological sources of waste generation containing toxic metals. Demonstrate aspects related to the generation, disposal and valuation of solid waste containing toxic metals. Portray techniques for the treatment and reuse of water contaminated with toxic metals.

This fully updated edition provides a broad approach to the surface analysis of polymers being of high technological interest. Modern analytical techniques, potential applications and recent advances in instrumental apparatus are discussed. The self-consistent chapters are devoted to spectroscopic and microscopic techniques which represent powerful tools for the characterization of morphology and chemical, physical, mechanical properties of polymer surfaces, interfaces, and thin fi lms. Selection of techniques which can properly address very shallow depth of surfaces, spanning from few angstroms to tens of nanometers Interaction of polymer surfaces with their surroundings is pointed out as a critical issue for specifi c applications

The tumour microenvironment is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to cancer progression and treatment. However, most cancer studies continue to be performed in 2D tissue culture dishes that do not capture the characteristics of the tumour niche. This book provides an introduction to the rich chemical, topographical, and mechanical cues in the tumour microenvironment and then introduces readers to bioengineering strategies, including scaffold design and synthesis, chemical signalling and delivery, and co-culture, microfluidics, and organ-on-a-chip tools that can be used to mimic tumour microenvironment features. This book also includes discussion of emerging imaging methods compatible with tumour microenvironment mimicking biomaterials and discusses applications of such models in immuno-oncology, metastasis, and drug screening. Edited by two leaders in the field, this book will appeal to graduate students and researchers working in biomaterials science, chemical and biomedical engineering departments.