Pressure vessels are prone to explosion while in operation, due to possible errors in material selection, design and other engineering activities. Addressing issues at hand for a working professional, this book covers material selection, testing and design of pressure vessels which enables users to effectively use code rules and available design softwares. Relevant equation derivations have been simplified with comparison to ASME codes. Analysis of special components flange, bellow and tube sheet are included with their background. Topics on tube bend, supports, thermal stresses, piping flexibility and non-pressure parts are described from structural perspective. Vibration of pressure equipment components are covered as well.

This guide discusses the principles and theory of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) used for sold materials characterization. It describes the recent trends, instrumentation needed, as well as the application of TPR in heterogeneous catalysis, materials science, and analytical chemistry.

Magnetic nanocatalysts are becoming an important tool for greener catalytic processes in chemical transformations in view of the ease of their removal from a reaction medium. This book explores assorted magnetic nanocatalysts, their deployment in synthesis, chemical transformation and their recovery and reuse. Various thematic topics embodied include magnetic nanocatalysts for S-S bond formation, N-heterocycle formation, C-heteroatom bond formation, silica-supported catalysts, multicomponent reactions, including their recyclability; another available volume emphasizes the utility of magnetic nanocatalysts in industrial appliances.

With specialized and succinct coverage, Concise Handbook of Waste Treatment Technologies provides readers with an integrated overview of various waste treatment technologies and related issues. Rather than dealing separately with each type of waste material, the book summarizes important waste treatments from a holistic perspective. Presents a comprehensive review of the most used terminologies and methods in waste management Explains how waste materials are treated and managed in a manner compatible with engineering, health, safety, and environmental regulations and laws Includes discussion of basic solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes Accessible to both specialists and non-specialists This guidebook is written for early career professionals, non-specialists, and specialists in environmental and chemical engineering and related disciplines seeking to understand proper waste and management and disposal techniques.

With specialized and succinct coverage, Concise Handbook of Waste Treatment Technologies provides readers with an integrated overview of various waste treatment technologies and related issues. Rather than dealing separately with each type of waste material, the book summarizes important waste treatments from a holistic perspective. Presents a comprehensive review of the most used terminologies and methods in waste management Explains how waste materials are treated and managed in a manner compatible with engineering, health, safety, and environmental regulations and laws Includes discussion of basic solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes Accessible to both specialists and non-specialists This guidebook is written for early career professionals, non-specialists, and specialists in environmental and chemical engineering and related disciplines seeking to understand proper waste and management and disposal techniques.

The book explores basic concepts and advanced topics in the field of water technologies. It deals extensively with advances in materials, material selection, preparation, characterization and application. The relevance of water technologies in industries is considered, and a section is dedicated to describing and analyzing the technologies required for water reuse and advanced purification, including desalination. Nuclear desalination, low-carbon desalination and water purification technologies to address the adverse impacts of climate change are examined from both the adaptation and mitigation points of view. Aimed at senior undergraduate/graduate students in chemical, civil and environmental engineering, along with wastewater and desalination researchers, this book: Details advanced water treatments for varied processes. Describes membrane and desalination techniques for water reuse and advanced purification. Elaborates water technologies at both the front and back ends of the process. Discusses modern technologies for effluent treatment and water recycling. Explores the role of information technology in the water sector.

Chemical Engineering Computation with MATLAB (R), Second Edition continues to present basic to advanced levels of problem-solving techniques using MATLAB as the computation environment. The Second Edition provides even more examples and problems extracted from core chemical engineering subject areas and all code is updated to MATLAB version 2020. It also includes a new chapter on computational intelligence and: Offers exercises and extensive problem-solving instruction and solutions for various problems Features solutions developed using fundamental principles to construct mathematical models and an equation-oriented approach to generate numerical results Delivers a wealth of examples to demonstrate the implementation of various problem-solving approaches and methodologies for problem formulation, problem solving, analysis, and presentation, as well as visualization and documentation of results Includes an appendix offering an introduction to MATLAB for readers unfamiliar with the program, which will allow them to write their own MATLAB programs and follow the examples in the book Provides aid with advanced problems that are often encountered in graduate research and industrial operations, such as nonlinear regression, parameter estimation in differential systems, two-point boundary value problems and partial differential equations and optimization This essential textbook readies engineering students, researchers, and professionals to be proficient in the use of MATLAB to solve sophisticated real-world problems within the interdisciplinary field of chemical engineering. The text features a solutions manual, lecture slides, and MATLAB program files._

Atomization and sprays are used in a wide range of industries: mechanical, chemical, aerospace, and civil engineering; material science and metallurgy; food; pharmaceutical, forestry, environmental protection; medicine; agriculture; meteorology and others. Some specific applications are spray combustion in furnaces, gas turbines and rockets, spray drying and cooling, air conditioning, powdered metallurgy, spray painting and coating, inhalation therapy, and many others. The Handbook of Atomization and Sprays will bring together the fundamental and applied material from all fields into one comprehensive source. Subject areas included in the reference are droplets, theoretical models and numerical simulations, phase Doppler particle analysis, applications, devices and more.

The world faces significant challenges as population and consumption continue to grow while nonrenewable fossil fuels and other raw materials are depleted at ever-increasing rates. This volume takes a technical approach that addresses these issues using green design and analysis. It brings together innovative research, new concepts, and novel developments in the application of new tools for chemical and materials engineers. It is an immensely research-oriented, comprehensive, and practical work that focuses on the use of applied concepts to enhance productivity and sustainability in chemical engineering. It contains significant research that reports on new methodologies and important applications in the fields of chemical engineering as well as the latest coverage of chemical databases. Highlighting theoretical foundations, real-world cases, and future directions, the volume covers a diverse collection of the newest innovations in the field, including new research on atomic/nuclear physics, the barometric formula, amino acids in aqueous solutions, bioremediation and biotechnology, and more.

The seventh edition of this classic text outlines the fundamental physical principles of thermal radiation, as well as analytical and numerical techniques for quantifying radiative transfer between surfaces and within participating media. The textbook includes newly expanded sections on surface properties, electromagnetic theory, scattering and absorption of particles, and near-field radiative transfer, and emphasizes the broader connections to thermodynamic principles. Sections on inverse analysis and Monte Carlo methods have been enhanced and updated to reflect current research developments, along with new material on manufacturing, renewable energy, climate change, building energy efficiency, and biomedical applications. Features: Offers full treatment of radiative transfer and radiation exchange in enclosures. Covers properties of surfaces and gaseous media, and radiative transfer equation development and solutions. Includes expanded coverage of inverse methods, electromagnetic theory, Monte Carlo methods, and scattering and absorption by particles. Features expanded coverage of near-field radiative transfer theory and applications. Discusses electromagnetic wave theory and how it is applied to thermal radiation transfer. This textbook is ideal for Professors and students involved in first-year or advanced graduate courses/modules in Radiative Heat Transfer in engineering programs. In addition, professional engineers, scientists and researchers working in heat transfer, energy engineering, aerospace and nuclear technology will find this an invaluable professional resource. Over 350 surface configuration factors are available online, many with online calculation capability. Online appendices provide information on related areas such as combustion, radiation in porous media, numerical methods, and biographies of important figures in the history of the field. A Solutions Manual is available for instructors adopting the text.

Carbon membranes have great advantages of strong mechanical strength and high chemical stabilities, as well as high separation performance to reach the industrial attractive region. Further improvement on membrane performance can potentially offset the relatively high production cost compared to polymeric membranes. However, there are still some challenges related to fabrication of asymmetric carbon membranes, the controlling of structure and pore-size and module up-scaling for commercial application. The aim of this book is to provide the fundamentals on carbon membrane materials for the young researchers and engineers to develop frontier membrane materials for energy efficient separation process. This book describes the status and perspectives of both self-supported and supported carbon membranes from fundamentals to applications. The key steps on the development of high performance carbon membranes including precursor selection, tuning carbon membrane structure and regeneration are discussed. In the end, different potential applications both in gas and liquids separation are well described, and the future directions for carbon membrane development were pointed out. To this end, membrane science and engineering are set to play crucial roles as enabling technologies to provide energy efficient and cost-effective future solutions for energy and environment related processes. Based on this approach the research projects which are trying to find attractive carbon materials in our days are many. The published papers, per year, in the topic of carbon membranes, especially for biogas upgrading, natural gas sweetening and hydrogen purification, are numerous with very high impact. However, only few are the books which include relevant to the topic of carbon membrane technology. This book offers the condensed and interdisciplinary knowledge on carbon membranes, and provides the opportunity to the scientists who are working in the field of carbon membrane technology for gas and liquid separations to present, share, and discuss their contributions within the membrane community.

Polyamic Acids and Polyimides surveys significant developments in basic research in the chemistry and physics of polyamic acids and polyimides over the last several years. Traditional and new topics are discussed, including catalytical imidization, chemical reactions at thermal treatment, quantum-chemical study of synthesis and structure, properties of isolated molecules, and supermolecular and crystalline structures. The book will be an excellent reference for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students working with polyimides and related heat-resistant polymers and materials.

This book is intended to fiber technologists, textile dealers, and textile salesmen a practical guideline to become acquainted with and to deepen their knowledge of the processes for the manufacture of film tapes, split-film yarns, and fibrillated film fibers.

Green chemistry is a work tool that can be applied in different areas such as medicine, materials, polymers, food, organic chemistry, etc., since it was propounded in the early 2000s. It has become a viable alternative for care, remediation and protection of the environment and has been implemented worldwide. In this book the twelve principles of green chemistry are presented in a simple way, with examples of the applications of green chemistry in numerous areas showcasing it as an ideal alternative for environmental care. It also provides information on current research being implemented at the pilot plant and industrial level. The book demonstrates the importance of the use of renewable raw materials, the use of catalysis and the implementation of alternative energy sources such as the use of microwaves and ultrasound in different separation and chemical processes.

First published in 1996, liposomes have become an important model in fundamental biomembrane research, including biophysical, biochemical, and cell biological studies of membranes and cell function. They are thoroughly studied in several applications, such as drug delivery systems in medical applications and as controlled release systems, microencapsulating media, signal carriers, support matrices, and solubilizers in other applications. While medical applications have been extensively reviewed in recent literature, there is a need for easily accessible information on applications for liposomes beyond pharmacology and medicine. The Handbook of Nonmedical Applications of Liposomes fills this void. This unique new handbook series presents recent developments in the use of liposomes in many scientific disciplines, from studies on the origin of life, protein function, and vesicle shapes, to applications in cosmetics, diagnostics, ecology, bioreclamation, and the food industry. In these volumes many of the top experts contribute extensive reviews of their work.

Protecting our environment has never been more important than it is today in the wake of climate change and the ever-increasing demand on natural resources due to the expanding world population. Environmental protection has been increasingly discussed by concerned citizen groups and politicians in the wake of unexpected environmental disasters that have occurred in recent years. The need to protect drinking water resources, control greenhouse gas emissions, and implement successful waste reduction practices will continue to gain visibility with growing social awareness. Environmental managers and leaders can all benefit from this comprehensive and strategic book which guides them through environmental regulatory requirements and methods that can be used to interpret the regulations, develop programs, and processes to ensure compliance. The book includes a Tool Kit containing resources that can assist a company in assessing and evaluating the strength of their environmental program, systems, and processes so that changes can be made before damages to the environment becomes a reality, and penalties are enforced.

Polymer Coatings: Technologies and Applications provides a comprehensive account of the recent developments in polymer coatings encompassing novel methods, techniques, and a broad spectrum of applications. The chapters explore the key aspects of polymer coatings while highlighting fundamental research, different types of polymer coatings, and technology advances. This book also integrates the various aspects of these materials from synthesis to application. Current status, trends, future directions, and opportunities are also discussed. FEATURES Examines the basics to the most recent advances in all areas of polymer coatings Serves as a one-stop reference Discusses polymer-coated nanocrystals and coatings based on nanocomposites Describes morphology, spectroscopic analysis, adhesion, and rheology of polymer coatings Explores conducting, stimuli-responsive, self-healing, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, antifouling, and antibacterial polymer coatings Covers modeling and simulation With contributions from the top international researchers from industry, academia, government, and private research institutions, both new and experienced readers will benefit from this applications-oriented book. Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa is a research scientist at the Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Academic Enhancement Department, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai is a research professor at the Center of Innovation in Design and Engineering for Manufacturing, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. Suchart Siengchin is a professor at and president of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand.

The unrivaled, definitive reference for almost 40 years, this classic work on explosives is now in its seventh, completely revised and updated edition. Some 500 monographic entries, arranged alphabetically, consider the physicochemical properties, production methods, and safe applications of over 120 explosive chemicals. In addition, 70 fuels, additives, and oxidizing agents are discussed as well as the corresponding test methods. Trade, company, and military short names are provided for many of the materials listed, while further key features include a combined index and glossary with terms and abbreviations in English, French, and German, as well as conversion tables and many literature references. Finally, this indispensable source also contains safety data and transport regulations.

The Art of Measuring in the Thermal Sciences provides an original state-of-the-art guide to scholars who are conducting thermal experiments in both academia and industry. Applications include energy generation, transport, manufacturing, mining, processes, HVAC&R, etc. This book presents original insights into advanced measurement techniques and systems, explores the fundamentals, and focuses on the analysis and design of thermal systems. Discusses the advanced measurement techniques now used in thermal systems Links measurement techniques to concepts in thermal science and engineering Draws upon the original work of current researchers and experts in thermal-fluid measurement Includes coverage of new technologies, such as micro-level heat transfer measurements Covers the main types of instrumentation and software used in thermal-fluid measurements This book offers engineers, researchers, and graduate students an overview of the best practices for conducting sound measurements in the thermal sciences.

The third volume of the Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) focusses on the production of functionalized PHA bio-polyesters, the post-synthetic modification of PHA, processing and additive manufacturing of PHA, development and properties of PHA-based (bio)composites and blends, the market potential of PHA and follow-up materials, different bulk- and niche applications of PHA, and the fate and use of spent PHA items. Divided into fourteen chapters, it describes functionalized PHA and PHA modification, processing and their application including degradation of spent PHA-based products and fate of these bio-polyesters during compositing and other disposal strategies. Aimed at graduate students and professionals in Polymer science, chemical engineering and bioprocessing, it: Covers current state of the art in the development of chemically modifiable PHA including mult-istep modifications of isolated biopolyesters, short syntheses of monomer feedstocks and so forth. Describes design of functionalized PHA-based polymeric materials by chemical modification . Illustrates preparation of bioactive oligomers derived from microbial PHA and synthetic analogues of natural PHA oligomers. Discusses processing and thermomechanical properties of PHA. Reviews advantages of PHA against other bio-based and conventional polymers with current applications and potential uses of PHA-based polymers highlighting innovative products.

Advances in Clean Energy: Production and Application supports sustainable clean energy technology and green fuel for clean combustion by reviewing the pros and cons of currently available technologies specifically for biodiesel production from biomass sources, recent fuel modification strategy, low-temperature combustion technology, including other biofuels as well. Written for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, energy, and environmental engineering, this book: Covers global energy scenarios and future energy demands pertaining to clean energy technologies Provides systematic and detailed coverage of the processes and technologies used for biofuel production Includes new technologies and perspectives, giving up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on research and commercialization Discusses all conversion methods including biochemical and thermochemical Examines the environmental consequences of biomass-based biofuel use

Membranes processing techniques are used to help separate chemical components based on molecular size under specific pressure. A great advantage of membrane processing techniques is that it is a non-thermal processing technique, which can retain enormous bioactive constituents to a greater extent. Being a less energy intensive process, this technique is widely used in several food processing industries such as in the clarification of fruit juices and wine; the concentration of milk; the preparation of whey protein concentrate; and water and waste treatment, among others. Applications of Membrane Technology for Food Processing Industries introduces membrane processing techniques, presenting principles, theory and operational conditions for achieving efficient quality product. It discusses different types of membrane processing techniques viz. reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, electro dialysis, microfiltration, pervaporation, including its applications, advantages and disadvantages. Key Features: Deals with the retention of antioxidants by using novel membrane processing techniques Includes the application of membrane processing techniques in whey processing Explains the method for degumming, dewaxing and decolorization of edible crude oils Narrates application of membrane processing techniques in waste water treatment for efficient use Readers, such as professors, scientist, research scholars, students and industrial personnel, will come to know about the current trends in use of membrane processing techniques for its application in several food processing industries. This book can be a ready reference for the food industrial industry for manufacturing of deacidified clarified fruit juices and wine by using integrated membrane technique approach. In a nutshell, this book will benefit food scientist, academicians, students and food industrial persons by providing in-depth knowledge about membrane processing of foods for quality retention and also for efficient consumer acceptability.

Drying of Biomass, Biosolids, and Coal: For Efficient Energy Supply and Environmental Benefits provides insight into advanced technologies and knowledge of the drying of biomass, biosolids, and coal in terms of improved efficiency, economics, and environmental impact. It comprehensively covers all the important aspects of drying for a variety of biomass, biosolids and coal resources. This book covers the drying of biomass, bio-solids and coal while also providing integration of the drying process with the energy system. Important issues in the commercial drying operations are tackled, including energy and exergy efficiencies, environmental impact, and potential safety concerns. It also assesses the performance of energy production plants in integration with biomass/coal drying to provide information for plant optimization. It offers in-depth analysis and data for process understanding and design, and analyzes the drying process's effect on economics and the environment. This book is aimed at drying professionals and researchers, chemical engineers, industrial engineers, and manufacturing engineers. It will also be of use to anyone who is interested in the utilization of biomass, organic solid wastes, algae and low-rank coals for energy.

Magnesium is one of the most abundant minerals in seawater. Extracting magnesium from seawater could reduce cost of this mineral, resulting in positive implications for industries that use it. This book addresses mineral process engineering with emphasis on magnesium and provides practicing engineers and students with comprehensive knowledge on magnesium and how it is extracted from seawater and magnesium ores. It takes a chemical engineering approach as separation of magnesium from seawater involves the application of the powerful science of chemistry and transport phenomena principles. This monograph discusses magnesium resources and occurrence, includes an exploration study on deriving magnesium and mineral salts from seawater, and features coverage of magnesium chloride. It also covers commercial methods for magnesium production as an end product, current and prospective applications in the energy domain, and offers an account of the use of magnesium to store hydrogen in the form of magnesium hydride.

The modern tire is the most complex, composite product in mass production. Yet given its complexity and required performance, there is little information in the public domain regarding its development. This book provides an introduction to tire design, construction, and manufacturing in the context of materials technologies used today, along with future trends and disrupting technologies. Focuses on design and construction Discusses the relationship between materials and performance Reviews tire uniformity as a key differentiator among manufacturers Evaluates design and construction features versus performance Written for engineers in the polymer, industrial, chemical, mechanical, and automotive industries, this book offers a comprehensive view of tire design, including materials selection, construction, manufacturing, quality control, and future trends.