Introduces an innovative and outstanding tool for the easy synthesis of complex chiral structures in a single step Covering all of the literature since the beginning of 2006, this must-have book for chemists collects the major progress in the field of enantioselective one-, two-, and multicomponent domino reactions promoted by chiral metal catalysts. It clearly illustrates how enantioselective metal-catalyzed processes constitute outstanding tools for the development of a wide variety of fascinating one-pot asymmetric domino reactions, thereby allowing many complex products to be easily generated from simple materials in one step. The book also strictly follows the definition of domino reactions by Tietze as single-, two-, as well as multicomponent transformations. Asymmetric Metal Catalysis in Enantioselective Domino Reactions is divided into twelve chapters, dealing with enantioselective copper-, palladium-, rhodium-, scandium-, silver-, nickel-, gold-, magnesium-, cobalt-, zinc-, yttrium and ytterbium-, and other metal-catalyzed domino reactions. Most of the chapters are divided into two parts dealing successively with one- and two-component domino reactions, and three-component processes. Each part is subdivided according to the nature of domino reactions. Each chapter of the book includes selected applications of synthetic methodologies to prepare natural and biologically active products. -Presents the novel combination of asymmetric metal catalysis with the concept of fascinating domino reactions, which allows high molecular complexity with a remarkable level of enantioselectivity -Showcases an incredible tool synthesizing complex and diverse chiral structures in a single reaction step -Includes applications in total synthesis of natural products and biologically active compounds -Written by a renowned international specialist in the field -Stimulates the design of novel asymmetric domino reactions and their use in the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials Asymmetric Metal Catalysis in Enantioselective Domino Reactions will be of high interest to synthetic, organic, medicinal, and catalytic chemists in academia and R&D departments.

For more than 15 years, the Army's chemical demilitarization program has been criticized and castigated as a potentially dangerous effort, poorly executed without concern for the public. By reviewing the chemical demilitarization program as a public policy area, Mauroni offers a different perspective on how the Army worked with Congress and the public to offer the safest program possible. The Army was forced to delay its own schedule and increase the breadth and depth of the program to address political demands and idealistic environmental concerns. Mauroni contends that Army and Department of Defense leadership's insistence on treating this program as a strictly technical effort, rather than as a public policy concern is in part responsible for the public's misunderstanding of the Army's execution of the program. Despite its challenges, the Army is well on its way to accomplishing its goal of destroying the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile with no impact on the public or environment. They have stumbled through, however, rather than planned their exit. According to Mauroni, the Army needs to examine this program carefully to identify how to address public policy questions better in the future, to include responding to chemical and biological terrorism, developing a biological warfare vaccine program, and addressing future Gulf War illness questions. Their failure to learn will otherwise result in a continued inability to address critical questions on how they respond to chemical and biological warfare issues.

Chemical Kinetics bridges the gap between beginner and specialist with a path that leads the reader from the phenomenological approach to the rates of chemical reactions to the state-of-the-art calculation of the rate constants of the most prevalent reactions: atom transfers, catalysis, proton transfers, substitution reactions, energy transfers and electron transfers. For the beginner provides the basics: the simplest concepts, the fundamental experiments, and the underlying theories. For the specialist shows where sophisticated experimental and theoretical methods combine to offer a panorama of time-dependent molecular phenomena connected by a new rational.
Chemical Kinetics goes far beyond the qualitative description: with the guidance of theory, the path becomes a reaction path that can actually be inspected and calculated. But Chemical Kinetics is more about structure and reactivity than numbers and calculations. A great emphasis in the clarity of the concepts is achieved by illustrating all the theories and mechanisms with recent examples, some of them described with sufficient detail and simplicity to be used in general chemistry and lab courses.
* Looking at atoms and molecules, and how molecular structures change with time.
* Providing practical examples and detailed theoretical calculations
* Of special interest to Industrial Chemistry and Biochemistry

This book describes rubber nanocomposites and their applications in the automobile sector. Newly developed nanofibres and nanofinished textiles, with their novel characteristics and various applications in next-generation automobiles, are also discussed. Lastly, a comprehensive evaluation and overview of the impact of nanotechnology on the textiles in automobile industries are presented.

Acetylenic precursors are important reactants for creating carbon-based architectures via linkage reactions. While their capability of forming intermolecular bonds is well investigated in solution, very few systematic studies have been carried out to create alkyne-based nanostructures on metal substrates under ultra-high vacuum conditions. Synthesizing extended and regular carbon scaffolds requires a detailed knowledge of alkyne chemistry in order to control reaction pathways and limit unwanted side reactions. Using the bottom-up approach on metal surfaces, the authors establish protocols to fabricate regular architectures built up by the on-surface formation of selective organometallic and C-C bonds with thoughtfully designed alkyne-functionalized monomers. The structural and functional properties of the resulting organometallic and covalent nanostructures are characterized by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. The results open up new perspectives in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis and the on-surface synthesis of functional interfaces under mild reaction conditions.

Unimolecular reactions are in principle the simplest chemical reactions, because they only involve one molecule. The basic mechanism, in which the competition between the chemical reaction step and a collisional deactivation leads to a pressure-dependent coefficient, has been understood for a long time. However, this is a rapidly developing field, and many new and important discoveries have been made in the past decade.
This First Part Part of Two CCK Volumes dealing with Unimolecular Rections, deals with the Reaction Step. The first chapter is an introduction to the whole project, aiming to cover the material necessary to understand the content of the detailed chapters, as well as the history of the development of the area. Chapter 2 is a review of the modern view of the statistical theories, as embodied in the various forms of RRKM theory. Chapter 3 deals with the fully quantum mechanical view of reactive states as resonances.
. Presents considerable advances in the field made during the last decade.
. Treats both the statistical as well as the fully quantum mechanical view.

This book successfully connects archaeology and archaeometallurgy with geoscience and metallurgy. It addresses topics concerning ore deposits, archaeological field evidence of early metal production, and basic chemical-physical principles, as well as experimental ethnographic works on a low handicraft base and artisanal metal production to help readers better understand what happened in antiquity. The book is chiefly intended for scholars and students engaged in interdisciplinary work.

Chemical Modelling: Applications and Theory comprises critical literature reviews of all aspects of molecular modelling. Molecular modelling in this context refers to modelliing the structure, properties and reactions of atoms, molecules and materials. Each chapter provides a selective review of recent literature, incorporating sufficient historical perspective for the non-specialist to gain an understanding. With chemical modelling covering such a wide range of subjects, this Specialist Periodical Report serves as the first port of call to any chemist, biochemist, materials scientist or molecular physicist needing to acquaint themselves with major developments in the area.

This book presents the latest advances and future trends in electron and phonon spectrometrics, focusing on combined techniques using electron emissions, electron diffraction, and phonon absorption and reflection spectrometrics from a substance under various perturbations to obtain new information on bond-electron-phonon dynamics. Discussing the principles of the bond order-length-strength (BOLS) correlation, nonbonding electron polarization (NEP), local bond average (LBA), and multi-field lattice oscillation dynamics for systems under perturbation, the book covers topics like differential photoelectron/phonon spectrometrics (DPS), which distils transition of the length, energy, stiffness and the fraction of bonds upon chemical or physical conditioning; and the derived performance of electrons in various bands in terms of quantum entrapment and polarization. This book appeals to researchers, scientists and engineers in the fields of chemistry, physics, surface and interface science, and materials science and engineering who are interested in electron and phonon spectrometrics.

This book aims at identifying novel advanced materials of extreme wetting properties (MEWP) for practical, industrial applications. The state-of-the art superhdyrophobic, superhdyrophilic, superoleophobic, superoleophilic, and superomniphobic materials, that are MEWP, with respect to their technological and emerging industrial applications are discussed in this book. MEWP offer new perspectives providing numerous potential applications. Hence, these advanced MEWP have the potential to lead to a new generation of products and devices with unique properties and functionalities. Despite the large scientific progress on MEWP there are still some obstacles which have to be solved to make these materials available for real life applications. Recent advances on the production strategies, including methods and materials, of MEWP has shown that the durability and sustainability obstacles can be addressed thus offering the possibility for industrial exploitation. MEWP with wettabilities ranging from superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity provide promising avenues for several and important applications, which sometimes are crucial for the humankind. This book also discusses a large variety of other potential applications of MEWP, thus providing new ideas to scientists and engineers for further exploitation of these novel materials. Moreover, the whole spectrum of the recent technological developments, current research progress, future outlook, and the modern trends in the applications of MEWP are discussed in a consistent approach.

This book focuses on microplastics as emerging persistent contaminants in terrestrial environments. Scientists from around the globe review recent advances in multi-disciplinary research on micro(nano)plastics, including analytical methods; the sources, fate and distribution of microplastics; ecological risks; toxicity and health risks; and control and countermeasures for microplastics in terrestrial environments. Offering a comprehensive overview of microplastics in terrestrial environments, the book is a valuable resource for environmental researchers, ecologists and toxicologists, as well as for policymakers and non-experts.

CALCULATIONS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY by LEICESTER F. HAMILTON, S. B. and STEPHEN G. SIMPSON. Originally published in 1922. PREFACE: The title of this book has been clfanged from Calculations of Quantitative Chemical Analysis to Calculations of Analytical Chem istry because the subject matter has been expanded to cover the stoichiometry of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. In order to include calculations usually covered in courses in qualitative analysis, some rearrangements of material have been made, new sections have been added, and chapters dealing with equilibrium constants and with the more elementary aspects of analytical . calculations have been considerably expanded. Al together, the number of sections has been increased from 78 to 114 and the number of problems from 766 to 1,032. The greater part of the book is still devoted to the calculations of quantitative analysis. Short chapters on conductometric and amperometric titrations and a section on calibration of weights have been added, and many other changes and additions have been made at various points in the text. A section reviewing the use of logarithms has been inserted, and a table of molecular weights covering most of the problems in the book is included in the Appendix. It is felt that every phase of general analytical chemistry is adequately covered by problems, both with and without answers, and that most of the problems require reasoning on the part of the student and are not solved by simple substitution in a formula. LEICESTER F. HAMILTON STEPHEN G. SIMPSON CAMBRIDGE, MASS., February, 1947. Contents include: PREFACE v PART I. GENERAL ANALYSIS CHAPTER I. MATHEMATICAL, OPERATIONS 1. Factors Influencingthe Reliability of Analytical Results 1 2. Deviation Measures as a Means of Expressing Reliability ... . 2 3. Significant Figures as a Means of Expressing Reliability 3 4. Rules Governing the Use of Significant Figures in Chemical Com putations 3 5. Conventions Regarding the Solution of Numerical Problems .... 6 Problems 1-18 7 6. Rules Governing the Use of Logarithms .... 9 7. Method of Using Logarithm Tables . . 13 8. Use of the Slide Rule 14 Problems 19-24 15 CHAPTER II. CHEMICAL, EQUATIONS 9. Purpose of Chemical Equations 16 10. Types of Chemical Equations 16 11. lonization of Acids, Bases, and Salts 17 12. Ionic Equations Not Involving Oxidation 18 13. Oxidation Number 20 14. Ionic Oxidation and Reduction Equations 21 Problems 25-43 24 CHAPTER III. CALCULATIONS BASED ON FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS 15. Mathematical Significance of a Chemical P ormula . 28 16. Formula Weights 28 17. Mathematical Significance of a Chemical Equation 29 Problems 44-70 32 CHAPTER IV. CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTIONS 18. Methods of Expressing Concentration 36 19. Grains per Unit Volume 3f> vii CONTENTS 20. Percentage Composition. . . . . 36 21. Specific Gravity 36 22. Volume Ratios 37 23. Molar and Formal Solutions 37 24. Equivalent Weight and Normal Solution 38 25. Simple Calculations Involving Equivalents, Milliequivalents, and Normality 39 Problems 71-86 43 CHAPTER V. P] quiLiBRiUM CONSTANTS 26. Law of Mass Action 46 27. Ion Product Constant of Water 47 28. pll Value 48 Problems 87-94 49 29. lonization Constant 50 30. Common Ion Effect. Buffered Solution 52 31. lonization of Polybasic Acids 53 32.

The third edition of the Encyclopedia of Analytical Science, Ten Volume Set is a definitive collection of articles covering the latest technologies in application areas such as medicine, environmental science, food science and geology. Meticulously organized, clearly written and fully interdisciplinary, the Encyclopedia of Analytical Science, Ten Volume Set provides foundational knowledge across the scope of modern analytical chemistry, linking fundamental topics with the latest methodologies. Articles will cover three broad areas: analytical techniques (e.g., mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, atomic spectrometry); areas of application (e.g., forensic, environmental and clinical); and analytes (e.g., arsenic, nucleic acids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), providing a one-stop resource for analytical scientists.

The Pigments from Microalgae Handbook presents the current state of knowledge on pigment production using microalgae-based processes, and covers both the scientific fundamentals of this technology and its practical applications. It addresses biology, chemistry, biochemistry, analysis and engineering aspects, as well as applications of natural pigments in photosynthetic organisms. The book also describes the analytical procedures associated with the characterization of pigments and the engineering aspects of microalgal pigment production. It considers the three major classes of pigments(chlorophylls, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins) produced and surveys the main commercial applications of these chemicals. The book offers a valuable source of information for industrial researchers and practitioners in industrial biotechnology, as it covers various engineering aspects of microalgal pigment production, such as bioreactors and bioprocesses, industrial extraction processes, and the bioeconomy of production including life-cycle assessment. The book will also be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students of biochemistry, food chemistry, and industrial microbiology.

This book systematically reviews the history of lead-free piezoelectric materials, including the latest research. It also addresses a number of important issues, such as new types of materials prepared in a multitude of sizes, structural and physical properties, and potential applications for high-performance devices. Further, it examines in detail the state of the art in lead-free piezoelectric materials, focusing on the pathways to modify different structures and achieve enhanced physical properties and new functional behavior. Lastly, it discusses the prospects for potential future developments in lead-free piezoelectric materials across disciplines and for multifunctional applications. Given its breadth of coverage, the book offers a comprehensive resource for graduate students, academic researchers, development scientists, materials producers, device designers and applications engineers who are working on or are interested in advanced lead-free piezoelectric materials.

This book uses experimental and computational methods to rationalize and predict for the first time the relative impact sensitivities of a range of energetic materials. Using knowledge of crystal structures, vibrational properties, energy-transfer mechanisms, and experimentally measured sensitivities, it describes a model that leads to excellent correlation with experimental results in all cases. As such, the book paves the way for a new, fully ab initio approach for the design of safer energetic materials based solely on knowledge of their solid-state structures. Energetic materials (explosives, propellants, gas generators, and pyrotechnics) are defined as materials that release heat and/or gaseous products at a high rate upon stimulus by heat, impact, shock, sparks, etc. They have widespread military and civilian uses, including munitions, mining, quarrying, demolition, emergency signaling, automotive safety, and space exploration. One of their most important properties is sensitivity to accidental initiation during manufacture, transport, storage, and operation, which has important implications for their safe use.

This book provides a comprehensive review of functional nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, presenting interesting examples of nanomaterials with different dimensions and their applications in electrochemical energy storage. It also discusses the synthesis of functional nanomaterials, including quantum dots; one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures; and advanced nanocomposites. Highlighting recent advances in current electrochemical energy storage hotpots: lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, other metal-ion batteries, halogen ion batteries, and metal-gas batteries, this book will appeal to readers in the various fields of chemistry, material science and engineering.

A definitive reference, completely updated
Published in 1989, the First Edition of this book, originally entitled Quadrupole Storage Mass Spectrometry, quickly became the definitive reference in analytical laboratories worldwide. Revised to reflect scientific and technological advances and new applications in the field, the Second Edition includes new chapters covering:
* New ion trap instruments of high sensitivity
* Peptide analysis by liquid chromatography/ion trap tandem mass spectrometry
* Analytical aspects of ion trap mass spectrometry combined with gas chromatography
* Simulation of ion trajectories in the ion trap
One additional chapter discusses the Rosetta mission, a "comet chaser" that was sent on a ten-year journey in 2004 to study the comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko using, among other instruments, a GC/MS system incorporating a specially designed ion trap mass spectrometer.
This comprehensive reference also includes discussions of the history of the quadrupole ion trap, the theory of quadrupole mass spectrometry, the dynamics of ion-trapping chemistry in the quadrupole ion trap, the cylindrical ion trap, miniature traps, and linear ion traps. Complete with conclusions and references, this primer effectively encapsulates the body of knowledge on quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry.
With its concise descriptions of the theory of ion motion and the principles of operation,
Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Second Edition is ideal for new users of quadrupole devices, as well as for scientists, researchers, and graduate and post-doctoral students working in analytical laboratories.