This text focuses on developing an intimate acquaintance with the geometric meaning of curvature and thereby introduces and demonstrates all the main technical tools needed for a more advanced course on Riemannian manifolds. It covers proving the four most fundamental theorems relating curvature and topology: the Gauss-Bonnet Theorem, the Cartan-Hadamard Theorem, Bonnet's Theorem, and a special case of the Cartan-Ambrose-Hicks Theorem.

This classic work is now available in an unabridged paperback edition. Stoker makes this fertile branch of mathematics accessible to the nonspecialist by the use of three different notations: vector algebra and calculus, tensor calculus, and the notation devised by Cartan, which employs invariant differential forms as elements in an algebra due to Grassman, combined with an operation called exterior differentiation. Assumed are a passing acquaintance with linear algebra and the basic elements of analysis.

Differential Geometry in Physics is a treatment of the mathematical foundations of the theory of general relativity and gauge theory of quantum fields. The material is intended to help bridge the gap that often exists between theoretical physics and applied mathematics. The approach is to carve an optimal path to learning this challenging field by appealing to the much more accessible theory of curves and surfaces. The transition from classical differential geometry as developed by Gauss, Riemann and other giants, to the modern approach, is facilitated by a very intuitive approach that sacrifices some mathematical rigor for the sake of understanding the physics. The book features numerous examples of beautiful curves and surfaces often reflected in nature, plus more advanced computations of trajectory of particles in black holes. Also embedded in the later chapters is a detailed description of the famous Dirac monopole and instantons. Features of this book: * Chapters 1-4 and chapter 5 comprise the content of a one-semester course taught by the author for many years. * The material in the other chapters has served as the foundation for many master's thesis at University of North Carolina Wilmington for students seeking doctoral degrees. * An open access ebook edition is available at Open UNC (https: //openunc.org) * The book contains over 80 illustrations, including a large array of surfaces related to the theory of soliton waves that does not commonly appear in standard mathematical texts on differential geometry.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Bei der Herausgabe dieses Buches mochte ich an dieser Stelle Herrn L. Berwald in Prag, Herrn D. J. Struik in Delft und Herrn R. WeitzenbOck in Blaricum, die mich durch das Mitlesen der Korrek turen sowie durch viele wichtige Bemerkungen aufs wirksamste unter stiitzt haben, meinen verbindlichsten Dank aussprechen. Einen freundschaftlichen GruB dem mathematischen Kreise in Hamburg, wo es mir vergonnt war, im Sommersemester dieses Jahres iiber die mehrdimensionale Affingeometrie zu lesen. Manche anregende Bemerkung zum vierten Abschnitt brachte mir diese schOne Zeit, die mir immer in freudiger Erinnerung bleiben wird. Der Verlagsbuchhandlung Julius Springer meinen besonderen Dank fiir die sorgfaltige Behandlung der Korrekturen, die mir die sauere Arbeit des Korrigierens fast zu einer Freude machte. Delft, im Dezember 1923. J. A. Schouten. Inhaltsverzeichnis. Seite Einleitung . . . 1 I. Der algebraische Tei des Kalkiils. 1. Die allgemeine Mannigfaltigkeit Xn . . 8 2. Der Begriff der Ubertragung . . . . . . 9 3. Die euklidischaffine Mannigfaltigkeit En . 9 4. Kontravariante und kovariante Vektoren . 12 5. Kontravariante und kovariante Bivektoren, Trivektoren usw. 17 6. Geometrische Darstellung kontravarianter und kovarianter p-Vektoren bei Einschrankung der Gruppe 20 7. Allgemeine GriiBen . . . . . . . . . . 23 8. Die Uberschiebungen . . . . . . . . . 28 9. Geometrische Darstellung der Tensoren 32 10. GriiBen zweiten Grades und lineare Transformationen 33 11. Die Einfiihrung einer MaBbestimmung in der En . . 36 12. Die Fundamentaltensoren. . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 13. Geometrische Darstellung alternierender GriiBen bei der orthogonalen und rotationalen Gruppe. Metrische Eigenschaften . . . . . . . . 41 14. Metrische Eigenschaften eines Te-nsors zweiten Grades. . . . . . ."

The generalized Ricci flow is a geometric evolution equation which has recently emerged from investigations into mathematical physics, Hitchin's generalized geometry program, and complex geometry. This book gives an introduction to this new area, discusses recent developments, and formulates open questions and conjectures for future study. The text begins with an introduction to fundamental aspects of generalized Riemannian, complex, and Kahler geometry. This leads to an extension of the classical Einstein-Hilbert action, which yields natural extensions of Einstein and Calabi-Yau structures as `canonical metrics' in generalized Riemannian and complex geometry. The book then introduces generalized Ricci flow as a tool for constructing such metrics and proves extensions of the fundamental Hamilton/Perelman regularity theory of Ricci flow. These results are refined in the setting of generalized complex geometry, where the generalized Ricci flow is shown to preserve various integrability conditions, taking the form of pluriclosed flow and generalized Kahler-Ricci flow, leading to global convergence results and applications to complex geometry. Finally, the book gives a purely mathematical introduction to the physical idea of T-duality and discusses its relationship to generalized Ricci flow. The book is suitable for graduate students and researchers with a background in Riemannian and complex geometry who are interested in the theory of geometric evolution equations.

Discrete Differential Geometry (DDG) is an emerging discipline at the boundary between mathematics and computer science. It aims to translate concepts from classical differential geometry into a language that is purely finite and discrete, and can hence be used by algorithms to reason about geometric data. In contrast to standard numerical approximation, the central philosophy of DDG is to faithfully and exactly preserve key invariants of geometric objects at the discrete level. This process of translation from smooth to discrete helps to both illuminate the fundamental meaning behind geometric ideas and provide useful algorithmic guarantees. This volume is based on lectures delivered at the 2018 AMS Short Course ``Discrete Differential Geometry,'' held January 8-9, 2018, in San Diego, California. The papers in this volume illustrate the principles of DDG via several recent topics: discrete nets, discrete differential operators, discrete mappings, discrete conformal geometry, and discrete optimal transport.

This book addresses an important class of mathematical problems (the Riemann problem) for first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs), which arise when modeling wave propagation in applications such as fluid dynamics, traffic flow, acoustics, and elasticity. It covers the fundamental ideas related to classical Riemann solutions, including their special structure and the types of waves that arise, as well as the ideas behind fast approximate solvers for the Riemann problem. The emphasis is on the general ideas, but each chapter delves into a particular application. The book is available in electronic form as a collection of Jupyter notebooks that contain executable computer code and interactive figures and animations.

This text has been adopted at: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia University of Connecticut, Storrs Duke University, Durham, NC California Institute of Technology, Pasadena University of Washington, Seattle Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA University of Chicago, IL University of Michigan, Ann Arbor "In the reviewer's opinion, this is a superb book which makes learning a real pleasure." Revue Romaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquees "This main-stream presentation of differential geometry serves well for a course on Riemannian geometry, and it is complemented by many annotated exercises." Monatshefte F. Mathematik "This is one of the best (if even not just the best) book for those who want to get a good, smooth and quick, but yet thorough introduction to modern Riemannian geometry." Publicationes Mathematicae Contents: Differential Manifolds * Riemannian Metrics * Affine Connections; Riemannian Connections * Geodesics; Convex Neighborhoods * Curvature * Jacobi Fields * Isometric Immersions * Complete Manifolds; Hopf-Rinow and Hadamard Theorems * Spaces of Constant Curvature * Variations of Energy * The Rauch Comparison Theorem * The Morse Index Theorem * The Fundamental Group of Manifolds of Negative Curvature * The Sphere Theorem * Index Series: Mathematics: Theory and Applications

Study 79 contains a collection of papers presented at the Conference on Discontinuous Groups and Ricmann Surfaces at the University of Maryland, May 21-25, 1973. The papers, by leading authorities, deal mainly with Fuchsian and Kleinian groups, Teichmuller spaces, Jacobian varieties, and quasiconformal mappings. These topics are intertwined, representing a common meeting of algebra, geometry, and analysis.

During the last century, global analysis was one of the main sources of interaction between geometry and topology. One might argue that the core of this subject is Morse theory, according to which the critical points of a generic smooth proper function on a manifold $M$ determine the homology of the manifold. Morse envisioned applying this idea to the calculus of variations, including the theory of periodic motion in classical mechanics, by approximating the space of loops on $M$ by a finite-dimensional manifold of high dimension. Palais and Smale reformulated Morse's calculus of variations in terms of infinite-dimensional manifolds, and these infinite-dimensional manifolds were found useful for studying a wide variety of nonlinear PDEs. This book applies infinite-dimensional manifold theory to the Morse theory of closed geodesics in a Riemannian manifold. It then describes the problems encountered when extending this theory to maps from surfaces instead of curves. It treats critical point theory for closed parametrized minimal surfaces in a compact Riemannian manifold, establishing Morse inequalities for perturbed versions of the energy function on the mapping space. It studies the bubbling which occurs when the perturbation is turned off, together with applications to the existence of closed minimal surfaces. The Morse-Sard theorem is used to develop transversality theory for both closed geodesics and closed minimal surfaces. This book is based on lecture notes for graduate courses on "Topics in Differential Geometry", taught by the author over several years. The reader is assumed to have taken basic graduate courses in differential geometry and algebraic topology.