This book present the state of the art in Total Productive Maintainance (TPM) and its benefits. The authors present a survey applied to 368 manufacturing industries in order to determine their level of execution of TPM. Then a series of causal models are presented. For each model, the authors present a measure of the dependency between the critical success factors and the benefits obtained, allowing industry managers to differentiate between essential and non-essential activities. The content also allows students and academics to obtain a theoretical and empirical basis on the importance of TPM as a lean manufacturing tool in the context of industry 4.0.

This book covers the materials needed to make ceramic burners and explains how to silver solder them. It discusses LPG and holding tanks, as well as connecting pipework and electronic and mechanical automatic gas-control systems to monitor the boiler pressure. In addition, there is advice on how to set up, install and operate each burner to provide optimum heating to the boiler. A summary of the Boiler Test Code Volume 3 that applies to home-made gas tanks is included, together with a list of useful suppliers with their contact details. This book provides all the information you need to build and operate: three burners, with one variant, for boilers with 42mm, 35mm and 28mm horizontal flues; two round burners for vertical boilers with fire boxes; two different sizes of rectangular burner, with one variant, for use in horizontal water-tube or pot boilers and finally, one small round and one tiny oblong burner for use in Mamod and Wilesco boilers. The burners described are straightforward to make and simple to use to heat the water in boilers that meet the 3 bar litre limit in the UK Boiler Test Code.

This monograph covers different aspects related to utilization of alternative fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines with a focus on biodiesel, dimethyl ether, alcohols, biogas, etc. The focal point of this book is to present engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of IC engines fueled by these alternative fuels. A section of this book also covers the potential strategies of utilization of these alternative fuels in an energy efficient manner to reduce the harmful pollutants emitted from IC engines. It presents the comparative analysis of different alternative fuels in a variety of engines to show the appropriate alternative fuel for specific types of engines. This book will prove useful for both researchers as well as energy experts and policy makers.

This book establishes recursive relations concerning kinematics and dynamics of constrained robotic systems. It uses matrix modeling to determine the connectivity conditions on the relative velocities and accelerations in order to compare two efficient energetic ways in dynamics modeling: the principle of virtual work, and the formalism of Lagrange's equations. First, a brief fundamental theory is presented on matrix mechanics of the rigid body, which is then developed in the following five chapters treating matrix kinematics of the rigid body, matrix kinematics of the composed motion, kinetics of the rigid body, dynamics of the rigid body, and analytical mechanics. By using a set of successive mobile frames, the geometrical properties and the kinematics of the vector system of velocities and accelerations for each element of the robot are analysed. The dynamics problem is solved in two energetic ways: using an approach based on the principle of virtual work and applying the formalism of Lagrange's equations of the second kind. These are shown to be useful for real-time control of the robot's evolution. Then the recursive matrix method is applied to the kinematics and dynamics analysis of five distinct case studies: planar parallel manipulators, spatial parallel robots, planetary gear trains, mobile wheeled robots and, finally, two-module hybrid parallel robots.

In this second volume of his two-book set on turbine steam path, William P. Saunders, P.Eng., continues his expert analysis of repair and maintenance to steam turbines. This volume focuses on repair and maintenance to steam turbines, to keep them operating with high levels of availability and improved efficiency. Also provided are details on estimating financial penalties associated with leakage from damaged turbines, which can reduce the cost of power. A full analysis of damaged components is included as well. The reader of this book will be able to: Identify the type and severity of any damage Suggest possible causes of damage Indicate the most appropriate corrective actions available. Volume 2 incorporates photographs, tables, equations, and examples to provide an excellent simplification of this complicated topic. Along with Volume 1, this set is sure to be an invaluable resource readers will turn to many times during their careers.

Foundations of Electroheat unifies an extremely diverse area of electricity utilisation in a coherent and concise reference. From laser welding to plasma furnaces for waste treatment and induction heating for forging to radio frequency drying textiles, the various topics that comprise electroheat are presented as a whole. The unified approach concentrates on three major themes:

• Electromagnetic heating, embracing direct resistance, induction heating of metals and radio frequency and microwave heating of dielectrics
• The ionised state, dealing with laser processing, plasma torches and furnaces, glow discharges for nitriding and arc furnaces for melting scrap
• Heat and mass transfer

This unique and comprehensive text considers all aspects of heat exchanger fouling from the basic science of how surfaces become fouled to very practical ways of mitigating the problem and from mathematical modelling of different fouling mechanisms to practical methods of heat exchanger cleaning. The problems that restrict the efficient operation of equipment are described and the costs, some of them hidden costs, that are associated with the fouling of heat exchangers are discussed. Some simple concepts and models of the fouling processes are presented as part of the introduction to the subject.

Advice on the selection, design, installation and commissioning of heat exchangers to minimise fouling is given. A large part of the text is devoted to the use of chemical and other additives to reduce or eliminate the problem of fouling. Another large section is designed to give information on both on-line and off-line cleaning of heat exchangers. One of the difficulties faced by designers and operators of heat exchangers is anticipating the likely extent of fouling problems to be encountered with different flow streams. Another large section addresses the question and describes methods that have been used in attempting to define fouling potential. The book concludes with a chapter on how fouling information can be obtained using plant data, field tests and laboratory studies.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status and open problems in the field of structural synthesis, based on which a systematic methodology for the structural analysis of planar kinematic chains, structural synthesis of planar kinematic chains, and creative design of mechanisms is presented. The method presented in this book not only promotes the development of theoretical research in the field of mechanical science, and the development of industrial software for the creative design of mechanisms, but also generates novel high-performance mechanisms suitable for industrial application, which can improve the work efficiency and economic benefits. This book offers theoretical guidance for students and researchers engaged in the field of mechanical engineering, especially the creative design of mechanism.

Develop a Complete and Thorough Understanding of Industrial Steam Systems Industrial Steam Systems: Fundamentals and Best Design Practices is a complete, concise user's guide for plant designers, operators, and other industry professionals involved with such systems. Focused on the proper safety design and setup of industrial steam systems, this text aligns essential principles with applicable regulations and codes. Incorporating design and operation guidelines from the latest available literature, it describes the industrial steam system equipment and its operation, outlines the requirements of a functioning boiler room, and explains how to design and engineer an industrial steam system properly. From Beginner to Advanced-All within a Single Volume Industrial steam systems are one of the main utility support systems used for almost all manufacturing. This text describes the design and operation of industrial steam systems in simple steps that are extremely beneficial for engineers, architects, and operators. The book help readers with the information needed for the steam systems professional engineering test and boiler operator's certificate. The text includes a sample project, executed in detail, to explain the system. It also presents relevant examples throughout the text to aid in faster learning. This author covers: Industrial steam system fundamentals and elementary information System setup and required equipment Applicable codes and regulations Equipment operation principals Best design practices for system setup, piping and instrumentation, equipment and pipe sizing, and equipment selection Execution of a sample project Industrial Steam Systems: Fundamentals and Best Design Practices presents an overview of the design, installation, and operation of industrial steam systems. Understanding the system setup, controls, and equipment, and their effect on each other enables readers to learn how to troubleshoot, maintain, and operate an industrial steam system that provides high quality steam efficiently.

Written by an author who has devoted the past twenty-five years of his life to studying and designing shock wave engines, this unique book offers comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of shock wave engine design. The only book treating the complete preliminary design of shock wave engines, it provides engineers with practical step-by-step guidelines applicable to the design and construction of small, light- weight, low-powered industrial turbines as well as high performance jet aircraft engines.
In his discussions of the advantages and disadvantages of shock wave versus other types of combustion engines, Dr. Weber demonstrates how and why shock wave engines can be made to work more efficiently than conventional gas turbines. Among other things, he shows quantitatively why combustion temperatures can be significantly higher in shock wave engines than conventional gas turbines. He evaluates temperatures of moving parts in terms of combustion and engine inlet temperatures, and explores the effect of shock coalescence, expansion fan reflections and intersections on port sizes and locations. And throughout, real and imagined performance problems are posed and proven solutions given for shock wave engines--alone and in conjunction with conventional gas turbines or reciprocating internal combustion engines.
Designed to function as a practical guide, Shock Wave Engine Design offers concise step-by-step design techniques in a readily usable format. Engineers will find precise, detailed directions on such essentials as how to size wave rotor blade lengths and heights and the correct rotor diameter for a specified power, and material selection for rotor and stator. And one entire chapter (Chapter 12) is devoted exclusively to a detailed example design for a 500 hp engine.
An authoritative, highly practical guide to state-of-the-art shock wave engine design, this book is an important resource for mechanical and aerospace engineers who design aircraft engines or virtually any type of turbomachinery.
Timely, authoritative, practical--an important resource for engineers who design aircraft engines or virtually any type of turbomachinery
Written by a pioneer in the field, this book offers a comprehensive coverage of state-of-the-art shock wave engine design principles and techniques. The only book treating the complete preliminary design of shock wave engines, this unique guide provides engineers with:
* Concise step-by-step guidelines applicable to the design and construction of small, lightweight, low-powered industrial turbines as well as high-performance jet aircraft engines
* In-depth treatments of pressure exchangers, wave engines, and wave engines compounded with reciprocating IC engines
* A chapter-length example design for a 500 hp engine
* A brief but thorough review of all essential thermodynamics and gas dynamics needed to develop flow equations and calculation methods

Covering basic theory, components, installation, maintenance, manufacturing, regulation, and industry developments, "Gas Turbines: A Handbook of Air, Sea and Land Applications" is a broad-based introductory reference designed to give you the knowledge needed to succeed in the gas turbine industry.

Providing the big-picture view that other detailed, data-focused resources lack, the book has a strong focus on effective decision-making and planning in gas turbine use for particular applications. The book takes into consideration not only operational requirements but long-term life-cycle costs in upkeep, repair, and future usage.

With concise, easily digestible overviews of all important theoretical bases and a practical focus throughout, "Gas Turbines" is an ideal handbook for those new to the field or in the early stages of their careers, as well as more experienced engineers looking for a reliable, one-stop desk reference that covers the breadth of the field.
Provides an overview of major components alongside critical theory and development history for those needing to get up to speed fast with gas turbine technologyCovers installation, maintenance, manufacturer's specifications, performance criteria and future trends, offering a rounded view of the area that takes in technical detail as well as well as industry economics and outlookUpdated with the latest industry developments, including new emission and efficiency regulations and their impact on gas turbine technology

Incorporates Worked-Out Real-World Problems Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers focuses on the thermal design and performance aspects of steam generators, HRSGs and fire tube, water tube waste heat boilers including air heaters, and condensing economizers. Over 120 real-life problems are fully worked out which will help plant engineers in evaluating new boilers or making modifications to existing boiler components without assistance from boiler suppliers. The book examines recent trends and developments in boiler design and technology and presents novel ideas for improving boiler efficiency and lowering gas pressure drop. It helps plant engineers understand and evaluate the performance of steam generators and waste heat boilers at any load. Learn How to Independently Evaluate the Thermal Performance of Boilers and Their Components This book begins with basic combustion and boiler efficiency calculations. It then moves on to estimation of furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT), furnace duty, view factors, heat flux, and boiler circulation calculations. It also describes trends in large steam generator designs such as multiple-module; elevated drum design types of boilers such as D, O, and A; and forced circulation steam generators. It illustrates various options to improve boiler efficiency and lower operating costs. The author addresses the importance of flue gas analysis, fire tube versus water tube boilers used in chemical plants, and refineries. In addition, he describes cogeneration systems; heat recovery in sulfur plants, hydrogen plants, and cement plants; and the effect of fouling factor on performance. The book also explains HRSG simulation process and illustrates calculations for complete performance evaluation of boilers and their components. Helps plant engineers make independent evaluations of thermal performance of boilers before purchasing them Provides numerous examples on boiler thermal performance calculations that help plant engineers develop programming codes with ease Follows the metric and SI system, and British units are shown in parentheses wherever possible Includes calculation procedures for the basic sizing and performance evaluation of a complete steam generator or waste heat boiler system and their components with appendices outlining simplified procedures for estimation of heat transfer coefficients Steam Generators and Waste Heat Boilers: For Process and Plant Engineers serves as a source book for plant engineers, consultants, and boiler designers.

This second edition of the classic title on practical energy provision for isolated houses and remote locations has now been updated with a new chapter. Pumps as Turbine is a practical handbook for engineers and technicians involved in designing and installing small water-power schemes. It concerns the use of standard pump units as a low-cost alternative to conventional turbines to provide stand-alone electricity generation for isolated houses and remote communities. This second edition has been updated and extended to include a case study from a recent scheme installed in collaboration with ITDG Kenya. The pump selection process is described through this step-by-step example, where the site head would have been too low for a Pelton turbine. The case study demonstrates that now, possibly more than ever before, the use of pumps as turbines offers a reliable, low-cost option for rural electrification. Arthur Williams has been involved in micro-hydro research and development since 1987. While completing his PhD he worked with ITDG to set up successful pump-as-turbine demonstration schemes in the UK and Pakistan. He is now a senior lecturer at the Nottingham Trent University where he continues to work on micro- and pico-hydro power.

This book focuses on the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in mining machinery. It gives a detailed introduction to the application of VR technology in virtual assembly, virtual planning, and virtual monitoring. Based on the theory of digital twin, VR technology and collaborative control technology are applied to coal mining machinery equipment, which lays a foundation for the digitalization and intellectualization of coal machinery equipment and broadens the application scope of virtual reality technology in the mechanical engineering field. Through the application of VR technology in coal machinery equipment, this book provides new methods and ideas for teaching activities, scientific research activities, and actual production with rich illustrations, related table introduction, unique research ideas, and other unique contents. This book could be a useful reference for researchers in mining machinery, simulation and modeling, computer-aided engineering (CAD and CAE) and design, visualization, mechanical engineering, and other disciplines.

Your complete resource on heat pipe operation, behavior, performance characteristics, and limitations

This book is designed to help students, operations engineers, and mechanical and electrical engineers in the electronic packaging industry grasp the principles of operation for a wide range of heat pipes. Packed with examples and design information, it takes you through the background and historical development of heat pipes, discusses the interfacial phenomena that govern their operational characteristics, and presents the fundamental operating principles and limitations of both heat pipes and thermosyphons.

Along with detailed presentations of the governing physical phenomena involved, this comprehensive guide features extensive coverage of:

• The background physics of fluids, their behavior in heat pipes, and associated interfacial phenomena
• Heat pipe design methodologies and manufacturing considerations
• Applications for cooling both electrical and mechanical systems
• The full range of heat pipe classifications, including rotating and revolving, micro, cryogenic, and variable conductance heat pipes, as well as thermal diodes and switches

This book provides all the information and guidance you need to increase your understanding of these innovative devices and to begin to apply them to the thermal control of electronic devices and components.

Written by an experienced engineer, this book contains practical information on all aspects of pumps including classifications, materials, seals, installation, commissioning and maintenance. In addition you will find essential information on units, manufacturers and suppliers worldwide, providing a unique reference for your desk, R&D lab, maintenance shop or library.
* Includes maintenance techniques, helping you get the optimal performance out of your pump and reducing maintenance costs
* Will help you to understand seals, couplings and ancillary equipment, ensuring systems are set up properly to save time and money
* Provides useful contacts for manufacturers and suppliers who specialise in pumps, pumping and ancillary equipment

Pumping Machinery Theory and Practice comprehensively covers the theoretical foundation and applications of pumping machinery. Key features: * Covers characteristics of centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps and displacement pumps * Considers pumping machinery performance and operational-type problems * Covers advanced topics in pumping machinery including multiphase flow principles, and two and three-phase flow pumping systems * Covers different methods of flow rate control and relevance to machine efficiency and energy consumption * Covers different methods of flow rate control and relevance to machine efficiency and energy consumption

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Trends in Materials and Manufacturing (ICFTMM 2018). The volume covers current research findings in conventional and non-conventional manufacturing processes. Different fabrication processes of polymer based materials and advanced materials are discussed in this book. In addition, the book also discusses computer based manufacturing processes, and sustainable and green manufacturing technologies. The contents of this book will be useful for students, academicians, and researchers working in the field of manufacturing related fields.

Over recent years there have been substantial changes in those industries which are concerned with the design, purchase and use of special purpose (ie critical, high-revenue) rotating equipment. Key personnel have been the victims of early retirement or have moved to other industries: contractors and end-users have reduced their technical staff and consequently have to learn complex material 'from scratch'. As a result, many companies are finding that they are devoting unnecessary man hours to the discovery and explanation of basic principles, and having to explain these to clients who should already be aware of them. In addition, the lack of understanding by contractors and users of equipment characteristics and operating systems often results in a 'wrong fit' and a costly reliability problem.
Forsthoffer's Rotating Equipment Handbooks: Pumps presents the operation of pumps in a process system, (using the concept of pump required and produced head) pump selection for cost-effective maximum reliability, eliminating hydraulic disturbances in the design and field operation
phases, control and protection, practical component monitoring of performance, bearing, seal and auxiliary system condition to assure optimum pump safety and reliability.
Forsthoffer's Rotating Equipment Handbook: Pumps is the second title in the five volume set. The volumes are: 1. Fundamentals of Rotaing Equipment; 2. Pumps; 3. Compressors; 4. Auxiliary Systems; 5. Reliability Optimization through Component Condition Monitoring and Root Cause Analysis'.
* One of a five volume set which is the distillation of many years of on-site training by a well-known US Engineer who also operates in the Middle East.
* A Practical book written in a succinct style and well illustrated throughout.

This book discusses the core principles and practical applications of a brand new machine category: liquid-metal soft machines and motors. After a brief introduction on the conventional soft robot and its allied materials, it presents the new conceptual liquid-metal machine, which revolutionizes existing rigid robots, both large and small. It outlines the typical features of the soft liquid-metal materials and describes the various transformation capabilities, mergence of separate metal droplets, self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid-metal objects under external or internal mechanism. Further, it introduces a series of unusual phenomena discovered while developing the shape changeable smart soft machine and interprets the related mechanisms regarding the effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the external fields to control the liquid-metal transformers. Moreover, the book illustrates typical strategies to construct a group of different advanced functional liquid-metal soft machines, since such machines or robots are hard to fabricate using rigid-metal or conventional materials. With highly significant fundamental and practical findings, this book is intended for researchers interested in establishing a general method for making future smart soft machine and accompanying robots.

Contents:
1. Introduction Part I: Mathematical Background 2. Governing Equations 3. Finite Differences 4. Finite Elements Part II: Simulation of Transport Processes 5. Numerical Methods for Conduction Heat Transfer 6. Numerical Methods for Convection Heat Transfer 7. Numerical Methods for Radiation Heat Transfer Part III: Combined Modes and Process Applications 8. Applications of Computational Heat Transfer Appendicies

This book provides a link between modern laser-based diagnostics techniques and applied combustion problems. Fundamental understanding of combustion is needed to increase energy efficiency and reduce the pollution from combustion effluent. Laser-based diagnostics provide important tools to probe the harsh, high-temperature, and often high-pressure environment of modern combustion systems. A pedagogical overview of the application of laser-based diagnostics to combustion problems is presented in this book.
The text provides the active combustion research scientist with an understanding of what information each laser-based technique can provide. It provides supplemental reading to graduate courses in combustion and experiemental methods in mechanical engineering. The laser-diagnostics specialist learns strengths and weaknesses of the various laser-based techniques, and the student quickly gets an up-to-date status of laser-based combustion measurements.

This book provides a link between modern laser-based diagnostics techniques and applied combustion problems. Fundamental understanding of combustion is needed to increase energy efficiency and reduce the pollution from combustion effluent. Laser-based diagnostics provide important tools to probe the harsh, high-temperature, and often high-pressure environment of modern combustion systems. A pedagogical overview of the application of laser-based diagnostics to combustion problems is presented in this book.
The text provides the active combustion research scientist with an understanding of what information each laser-based technique can provide. It provides supplemental reading to graduate courses in combustion and experimental methods in mechanical engineering. The laser-diagnostics specialist learns strengths and weaknesses of the various laser-based techniques, and the student quickly gets an up-to-date status of laser-based combustion measurements.

This book examines an intelligent system for the inspection planning of prismatic parts on coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). The content focuses on four main elements: the engineering ontology, the model of inspection planning for prismatic parts on CMMs, the optimisation model of the measuring path based on an ant-colony approach, and the model of probe configuration and setup planning based on a genetic algorithm. The model of inspection planning for CMMs developed here addresses inspection feature construction, the sampling strategy, probe accessibility analysis, automated collision-free operation, and probe path planning. The proposed model offers a novel approach to intelligent inspection, while also minimizing human involvement (and thus the risk of human error) through intelligent planning of the probe configuration and part setup. The advantages of this approach include: reduced preparation times due to the automatic generation of a measuring protocol; potential optimisation of the measuring probe path, i.e., less time needed for the actual measurement; and increased planning process autonomy through minimal human involvement in the setup analysis and probe configuration.

Following the publication of his first book (in 1981) dealing with these fascinating small-scale standing steam engines, the author Tubal Cain has designed and built several more - both as presents for the younger generation of his family and also entirely for his own satisfaction. These are now described in this second volume: Kitten - a small overtype engine. Otto - a simple steam turbine. Henry - a powerful 19th century oscillating steam plant. Wencelas - a steam engine of the most superior design. The scale model working steam engines range from a delightful little turbine - simplicity itself in design, but very interesting to build - to a larger engine in the style of the magnificent 'Steam Engines of the Highest Class' which were offered by the better class of toymakers before the First World War. As in the first book, the methods of construction are fully and clearly detailed, all being written with the beginner in mind. These steam engines have an enduring fascination for all marine and model engineers, as proved by the Model Engineer Exhibition which still attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year.